FRAILTY AND QUALITY OF ELDERLY LIVING IN A CONTEXT OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY

Jesus, Isabela Thaís Machado de; Diniz, Maria Angélica Andreotti; Lanzotti, Rafaela Brochine; Orlandi, Fabiana de Sousa; Pavarin, Sofia Cristina Iost; Zazzetta, Marisa Silvana

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Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm. 27 (4) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072018004300016 copy

FRAILTY AND QUALITY OF ELDERLY LIVING IN A CONTEXT OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY¹ 1 Article extracted from the thesis - Frailty of the elderly in context of social vulnerability, presented to Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (PPGEnf), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), 2016.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objetive:

to evaluate the level of frailty and its relation with the quality of life of elderly people enrolled in Reference Centers of Social Care in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Method:

descriptive, correlational and quantitative approach study. An individual interview was conducted with the application of a sociodemographic characterization tool, the Edmonton Frail Scale, Whoqol-bref and the Whoqol-old, in the period between 2012 and 2016. Data were submitted to statistical analysis and correlation verified by the Kruskal-Wallis test and by the Levin and Fox tests.

Results:

217 elderly peopleparticipated in the study, with anaverage age of 68.5 (±7.35) years old, married (n=91), and with one to four years of schooling (n=112). As to the level of frailty, 89 (41%) did not present frailty, 46 (21.2%) were vulnerable, and 82 (37.7%) were frail. Regarding the relationship between the frailty and the quality of life of the elderly, a negative correlation was observed, from weak to moderate magnitude, with statistical significance with all the Whoqol-bref and old domains.

Conclusion:

considering the relationship between the level of frailty and the quality of life scores, indicating that the more frail elderly had worse quality of life, health practices and public policies can be subsidized for prevention actions as way to eradicate, prevent and delay risk conditions.

DESCRIPTORS:
Frail elderly; Quality of life; Delivery health care; Social vulnerability; Elderly

Variable	n	%
Gender
Female	176	81.1
Male	41	18.9
Age
60-69	140	64.5
70-79	56	25.9
80-89	17	7.8
> 90	4	1.8
Race
White	125	57.6
Black	63	29
Brown	28	12.9
Yellow	1	0.5
Marital status
Married	91	41.9
Single	5	2.3
Widow(er)	85	39.2
Separated	19	8.8
Divorced	17	7.8
Current Occupation
Retired	120	55.3
Not Retired	97	44.7
Schooling
Illiterate	38	17.5
Literate without schooling	22	10.1
1-4 years of study	112	51.6
5- 8 years of study	34	15,7
9 years ormore	11	5.1
Vulnerability
RCSC^* * Reference Centers of Social Care I e III (High)	114	52.5
RCSC IV(Medium)	56	25.8
RCSC II(Very low)	47	21.7
Total	217	100

Variable	n	%
Does not show frailty (0-4)	89	41
Apparently vulnerable (5-6)	46	21.2
Light frailty (7-8)	46	21.2
Moderate frailty(9-10)	27	12.4
Severe frailty (>11)	9	4.2
Total	217	100

	Average (±SD)	Median	Minimum	Maximum
Whoqol-bref
Physical domain	60.4 (±18)	67.9	0	103.6
Social participation domain	64.3(±14.6)	62.5	4.2	95.8
Social relation domain	67.6(±14.3)	75	0	100
Environment domain	56.1(±12.9)	56.3	15.6	90.6
Wholqol-old
Sensorial functioning domain	64.9(±22.4)	69	6	100
Autonomy domain	64.7(±15.5)	69	19	100
Present, past, future activities domain	61.7(±13.9)	63	25	94
Social participation domain	64(±15.6)	69	13	100
Death and dying domain	72(±26.1)	81	0	100
Intimacy domain	64.4(±18.8)	75	0	100

Edmonton Fragility Scale	r^* * Spearman's correlation coefficient;	p-value^† † p-value<0.005.
Whoqol-bref
Physical domain	-0.392	<0.001
Social participation domain	-0.151	0.026
Social relation domain	-0.199	0003
Environment domain	-0.226	0.001
Whoqol-old
Sensorial functioning domain	-0.282	<0.001
Autonomy domain	-0.251	<0.001
Present, pastand future activities domain	-0.192	0.005
Social participation domain	-0.43	<0.001
Death anddying domain	-0.153	0.024
Intimacy domain	-0.231	0.001

	Whoqol-bref				Whoqol-old
Fragility level	PD^† † physical domain,	SPD^‡ ‡ social participation domain,	SRD^§ § social relation domain,	ED^\|\| \|\| environment domain,	SFD^¶ ¶ sensorialfunctioning domain,	AD^ autonomy domain,	PPFAD^†† †† present, pastand future activities domain,	SPD^‡‡ ‡‡ social participation domain,	DDD^§§ §§ death, dying domain,	ID^\|\|\|\| \|\|\|\| intimacy domain.
Does not show frailty	71.3	58.8	67	583	63.8	72.7	68.8	64	69.1	73.8
Apparently vulnerable	66.7	55	61.4	55.5	59.6	60.2	65.5	62.6	65.5	74.7
Light frailty	63.1	56.2	59.4	52.6	57.8	59.6	63.9	53.3	64.3	73.2
Moderate frailty	51.8	57.6	53	51.5	53.5	58	54.7	56.5	51.8	63.6
Severe frailty	33.3	45.8	65.7	51	49	61.8	57.6	61.1	41.8	57.6
*p-value^ * p-value<0,005;**	<0.001	0.052	0.04	0.012	0.001	0.002	0.110	0.000	0.367	0.028

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, Tel.: (55 48) 3721-4915 / (55 48) 3721-9043 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
E-mail: textoecontexto@contato.ufsc.br

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[1] Correspondece: Isabela Thaís Machado de Jesus, Abrahão João Street, 488, 13562-150 - Jardim Bandeirantes, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. E-mail: isabela.machado1@gmail.com

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FRAILTY AND QUALITY OF ELDERLY LIVING IN A CONTEXT OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY1 1 Article extracted from the thesis - Frailty of the elderly in context of social vulnerability, presented to Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (PPGEnf), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), 2016.

ABSTRACT

Objetive:

Method:

Results:

Conclusion:

FRAILTY AND QUALITY OF ELDERLY LIVING IN A CONTEXT OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY¹ 1 Article extracted from the thesis - Frailty of the elderly in context of social vulnerability, presented to Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (PPGEnf), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), 2016.