Study
|
Country
|
Theoretical framework of CT concept
|
Therapists
|
Patients
|
Setting
|
Psychotherapy
|
Bandura et al.19
|
USA |
Psychoanalysis; patient expresses feelings that are perceived as threatening by therapist, who tends to avoid anxiety-provoking interaction. |
Psychology students. |
Parents of children treated in a children’s hospital. |
Children’s hospital. |
Not described. |
Betan et al.20
|
USA |
Psychoanalysis; clinician’s emotional response as a source of insight into patient functioning. |
Psychologists and psychiatrists with 3 years oftraining, paid to participate. |
Each clinician selected most recent patient in psychotherapy. |
80% in private practice. |
40%, psychodynamic 30% eclectic, 20% CBT, 10% others. |
Cutler21
|
USA |
CT understood as therapist’s transference. |
Therapists with different experience. |
Description of 5 patients without any other detail. |
A veteran’s hospital and a university outpatient service. |
Not described. |
Dahl et al.22
|
NOR |
Psychoanalysis; CT is a phenomenon that can be evaluated clinically and psychometrically through analysis of conscious reaction of therapist toward patient. |
Therapists with 10 to 25 years of experience. |
Patients without psychosis, substance abuse, or bipolar disorder. |
Not described. |
Manualized psychotherapy lasting 1 year. |
Eizirik et al.23
|
BRA |
Psychoanalysis; CT and importance of supervision of short-term PP. |
Psychiatry residents. |
6 cases, 3 of which described in details. |
Outpatient clinic. |
Short-term PP, 15-20 sessions. |
Eizirik et al.24
|
BRA |
Psychoanalysis; CT as a tool for understanding and communication, including pharmacological treatment. |
Psychiatry residents. |
Female victims of sexual violence in childhood or currently, or other trauma. |
Outpatient clinic for violence victims. |
Not described. |
Eizirik et al.25
|
BRA |
Psychoanalysis; growing debate over therapist’s mind, therapeutic field and creation of therapeutic dyad. |
Psychiatry residents. |
Female victims of sexual violence |
Outpatient clinic for violence victims. |
Short-term PP. |
Faller26
|
GER |
Psychoanalysis; association between diagnosis and therapist reactions in CT. |
Physicians and psychologists. |
Mean age: 34 years; main diagnosis: depression, followed by somatoform disorders. |
Outpatient clinic. |
Insight-oriented PP and CBT. |
Gelso et al.27
|
USA |
CT should be observed, understood and managed; five CTM characteristics: self-insight, self-integration, anxiety management, empathy, and conceptualizing skills. |
Therapist-trainees under supervision. |
Students. |
Outpatient clinic for students. |
Clinical psychology, psychological counseling and community counseling. |
Hafkenscheid28
|
NET |
Interpersonal theory, psychoanalysis and CBT; CT defined as “impact message”: what therapists experience when communicating with patients, such as feelings and fantasies. |
Psychologists, psychiatric nurses, art therapist and other therapists. |
Most with personality disorder; first and second generation survivors. |
Hospital for World War II victims, Jewish and non-Jewish. |
Interpersonal group therapy 1-2 times a week. |
Hartkamp et al.29
|
GER |
Psychoanalysis. |
2 men and 2 women; 26-57 years, two of them with vast experience. |
Patients 19-68 years; personality disorders, depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders. |
Psychosomatic medicine outpatient clinic. |
Interpersonal PP. |
Hayes et al.30
|
USA |
CTM; greater CT awareness results in better treatment outcomes. |
Psychology students (22- 46 years), paid to participate, together with their supervisors. |
Psychology students (19-46 years), with stress or relationship and career problems. |
Outpatient clinic for psychology students. |
Psychological counselling. |
Hayes et al.31
|
USA |
Psychoanalysis; review of psychoanalytic clinical research; CTM theory emphasizing five factors: origins, triggers, manifestations, effects and management. |
Therapists with 5 to 42 years of experience. |
Responders to announcement of free psychotherapy for women with self-esteem problems; 32-60 years. |
Outpatient clinic. |
Short-term psychotherapy; no details about interventions. |