Desencontros no processo de urbanização de assentamentos precários no Morro da Cruz – Florianópolis, SC

Soares, Sonia Rohling; Moraes, Sérgio Torres

Sonia Rohling Soares

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC/BR), Departamento de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo (Pós-ARQ), Centro Tecnológico, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0067-5190

Sérgio Torres Moraes

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Departamento de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Centro Tecnológico, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0964-5342

SRS é doutora e Arquitetura e Urbanismo, e-mail: sonia_rohling@hotmail.com

STM é doutor em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, e-mail: sergiomoraes@arq.ufsc.br

Editor: Rodrigo José Firmino.

Housing and Living Conditions	VARIABLES
Socioeconomic and environmental profile	Dwellers by H.U; Rooms for HU; Density + than one Family for HU; Density + 3 people for a room; Pauperized housing; Poor living conditions
Criteria of living conditions in Morro da Cruz before PAC interventions	Households in inadequate sanitary condition, b) Informality in the access and use of electric energy/electricity, c) Without access to the water supply system, d) Without sewerage collection, e) Without waste collection, f) Without pavement, g) Without access to public transportation (system), h) Difficult mobility/ accessibility (%).

KEYWORDS	Description of case study through different aspects	Steps of analysis	“have to know” support information:	How?/what?why?
Informal settlements:	1) CEPED-UFSC 2006-2007 studies;	Technical diagnosis readings	Cities Statute	Evidences of poor living conditions in Morro da Cruz before the urban improvements and social housing deficit.
Urbanization matters inside PAC	1) CEPED-UFSC 2006-2007 studies;	Florianópolis Master Plan reading	Cities Statute
Social housing: Housing deficit, community demands, evictions/resettlements.	2) land use and social housing;	Community demands	ZEIS legislation	Identify urban restrictions at the edge of urban areas
	3)recent interventions.	PMF Actions data and Florianópolis Master Plan	ZEIS legislation	Identify urban restrictions at the edge of urban areas
Landslide: Disaster risk reduction, risk cartography	4) risk cartography maps from Rego Neto	Technical diagnosis interpretation and PMF Actions data	International and Brazilian context and examples	Verify of the effectiveness of the social housing projects and landslide risk reduction.
Landslide: Disaster risk reduction, risk cartography	4) risk cartography maps from Rego Neto	Technical diagnosis interpretation and PMF Actions data	Environmental legislation

Legislation	Law number	Year	Establishment and instruments
Forestry Code (Brasil, 2012bBrasil. (2012b, 25 de maio). Lei nº 12.651, de 25 de maio de 2012. Dispõe sobre a proteção da vegetação nativa; altera as Leis nºs 6.938, de 31 de agosto de 1981, 9.393, de 19 de dezembro de 1996, e 11.428, de 22 de dezembro de 2006; revoga as Leis nºs 4.771, de 15 de setembro de 1965, e 7.754, de 14 de abril de 1989, e a Medida Provisória nº 2.166-67, de 24 de agosto de 2001; e dá outras providências [Federal Law 12,651, 25 May 2012. Forestry code]. Brasília: Diário Oficial da União. Retrieved in 2016, March 05, from http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2011-2014/2012/Lei/L12651.htm http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_At... )	4771	1965	Licensing process and proper uses of conservation units
	12651	2012	Promotes the protection and the sustainable use of natural greenery
National Policy on Protection and Civil Defense⁵ 5 Only in 2012 the federal legislation requires a Geotechnical Chart of Suitability for Urbanization. (Brasil, 2012aBrasil. (2012a, 10 de abril). Lei nº 12.608, de 10 de abril de 2012. Institui a Política Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil - PNPDEC; dispõe sobre o Sistema Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil - SINPDEC e o Conselho Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil - CONPDEC; autoriza a criação de sistema de informações e monitoramento de desastres; altera as Leis nºs 12.340, de 1º de dezembro de 2010, 10.257, de 10 de julho de 2001, 6.766, de 19 de dezembro de 1979, 8.239, de 4 de outubro de 1991, e 9.394, de 20 de dezembro de 1996; e dá outras providências [Federal Law 12,608, 10 April 2012. Natural disaster management]. Brasília: Diário Oficial da União. Retrieved in 2016, February 02, from http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2011-2014/2012/Lei/L12608.htm http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_At... )	12608	2012	Risk cartography
	12608	2012	Natural disaster management
City Statute (Brasil, 2001)	10257	2001	ZEIS – social special interest zones

Housing and Living Conditions
Informal Settlements	Dwellers by H.U	Rooms for HU	Density + than one Family for HU	Density + 3 people for room	Pauperized housing	Poor living conditions
Alto da Caieira	5	4	43%	48%	68%	62%
Penitenciaria	6	5	28%	23%	46%	27%
Serrinha	4	5	34%	37%	47%	44%
Horácio	5	5	12%	12%	35%	16%
Morro do Céu	5	4	25%	25%	50%	37%
Mariquinha	4	5	20%	25%	55%	45%
Queimada e Jagatá	6	6	30%	20%	52%	47%
Mocotó	5	4	26%	23%	40%	53%
Tico-Tico	5	4	13%	20%	20%	20%
Ângelo Laporta	4	5	25%	15%	20%	25%
Mont Serrat	4	4	13%	14%	26%	15%
Laudelina da Cruz Lemos	4	4	23%	20%	35%	20%
Jose Boiteux	5	4	20%	30%	45%	40%
Santa Clara	6	5	27%	25%	25%	18%
Morro do 25	4	4	24%	36%	48%	32%
Santa Vitória	5	4	30%	40%	45%	40%

Settlements	a) Households in inadequate sanitary conditions	b) Informality in the access and use of electric energy/electricity	c) Without access to the water supply system	d) Without sewerage collection	e) Without waste collection	f) Without pavement	g) Without access to public transportation (system)	h) Difficult mobility/ accessibility
(%)
Alto Caieira	29	44	48	69	32	58	71	87
Penitenciária	15	12	33	54	45	41	35	42
Serrinha	17	21	32	49	27	41	37	45
Horácio	16	24	12	42	44	20	12	36
Morro do Céu	25	25	12	45	37	14	11	22
Mariquinha	25	25	45	81	65	71	85	80
Queimada e Jagatá	36	24	42	72	42	46	24	49
Mocotó	26	20	36	86	47	63	36	40
Tico-Tico	13	13	13	37	43	33	20	33
Ângelo Laporta	Without info	Without info	Without info	25	12	Without info	14	15
Mont Serrat	8	13	22	39	37	19	15	39
Laudelina da Cruz Lemos	20	17	20	45	40	14	21	36
Jose Boiteux	40	20	18	40	45	20	15	45
Santa Clara	25	14	25	50	37	15	18	38
Morro do 25	18	20	16	60	40	22	16	46
Santa Vitória	20	26	26	63	46	66	20	60

Urban and environmental	Related issues	Governmental response	Success (in 2017)
SOCIAL HOUSING	Housing Deficit	New houses construction	Partial. Despite a number of new social housing constructed, many threats natural park and many has been located at landslide risk zone. The number of houses did not reach housing deficit.
		Land tenure regularization	Partial. land tenure regularization not concluded.
		Resettlements of houses in risk	Fail. No action on this directive.
ENVIRONMENT	Biodiversity conservation	Reforestation / Preservation	Partial. 1998 Master Plan -Preservation Areas with Limited Use and Morro da Cruz Municipal Natural Park – 2012. Though, new social housing constructed threats natural park.
		Monitoring	Fail. No system to monitor protected areas.
		Demolishing Illegal Houses	Yes. Recent demolition.
INFRASTRUCTURE	Disaster mitigation/risk reduction/qualified urbanization	Containment works	Partial. Doubts about proper use of the budget.
		Mobility/Road paving	Partial. Vertical transportation system foreseen not implemented. Paving almost totally concluded.
		Drainage system	Yes. Totally implemented according to initial plans.

Brasil

Brasil

Desencontros no processo de urbanização de assentamentos precários no Morro da Cruz – Florianópolis, SC

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