A new species of Xenylla ( Collembola : Poduromorpha : Hypogastruridae ) with new records for the state of Espirito Santo , southeastern Brazil

A new species of Xenylla Tullberg, 1869, X. capixaba sp. nov., is described and illustrated. In addition, we present a list with new records of Poduromorpha from the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Xenylla yucatana Mills, 1938 and Brachystomella platensis Najt & Massoud, 1974 are for the first time recorded in Brazil. Also, the distributions of B. ceciliae Fernandes & Mendonca, 2004, B. contorta Denis, 1931 and Arlesia albipes (Folsom, 1927) are expanded to include Espirito Santo. Brachystomella agrosa Wray, 1953, previously recorded in agricultural soils, was also found in a marine environment.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study area is located on the coast of the state of Espírito Santo, and consists of a 430 km stretch that borders the state of Bahia (39°30'W, 18°28'S) in the North and the state of Rio de Janeiro (41°00'W, 21°15'S) in the south.The littoral formation by quaternary deposits is present in almost the entire area (FRAGA & PEIXOTO 2004).The local vegetation is part of the physiognomy of the Atlantic Rainforest.The climate, according to Köppen's classification system, is tropical with a hot and rainy summer and a dry winter (Aw).It has an annual average temperature of 23.3°C, precipitation of 1,307 mm of and and relative humidity of 80% (ASSIS et al. 2004).
Sampling was conducted in the municipalities of Guarapari and Vila Velha (Fig. 1 The springtails were obtained from random samples of litter and sand with the aid of a cylindrical apparatus.In the laboratory, the specimens were extracted using a Berlese-Tullgren funnel, fixed in boiling alcohol and kept at 96% ethanol.The methodology of ARLÉ & MENDONÇA (1982) was used in the study of the external morphology.The collected material is deposited in the Collembola Collection of the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (CM/MNRJ).
Type Etymology.The new species is named after the common name ("capixaba") of the people from the State of Espirito Santo.
Remarks.Xenylla Tullberg, 1869, which has a cosmopolitan distribution, includes 123 currently recognized species (BELLINGER et al. 1996(BELLINGER et al. -2008)).In Brazil, this genus is poorly known and only five species have been recorded.Two of them, X. brasiliensis Gama, 1978 and X. nirae Gama & Oliveira, 1994, were described from the states of Minas Gerais and Amazonas, respectively.Xenylla welchi Folsom, 1916 was recorded for the states of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro (CULIK et al. 2002, FERNANDES & MENDONÇA 2007), and X. maritima Tullberg, 1869 was recorded from the state of Rio de Janeiro (FERNANDES & MENDONÇA 2004).
Xenylla capixaba sp.nov.resembles X. welchi Folsom, 1916 and X. marina Lee, Park & Park, 2005.These three species share the 5+5 eyes, head with seta L1 as long as L3, tibiotarsus with two tenent hairs, ungues with small inner tooth near the apex, ventral tube with 4+4 setae, retinaculum bearing 3+3 teeth and dens separated from the mucro with two dorsal setae.The new species differs from X. welchi and X. marina due in characters of the chaetotaxy, granulation on the apical organ and the number of sensilla on the antennal segment IV, and the shape of the mucro.Xenylla capixaba sp.nov.and X. marina also share the presence of spatulate tenent hairs on the tibiotarsi, which are different from those shown by X. welchi.The new species is easily distinguished from X. welchi, X. marina and the other species of the genus by the dorsal chaetotaxy formed by ciliated setae.Remarks.Neotropical species with broad distribution in Brazil, already recorded from the states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Bahia and São Paulo (MENDONÇA & ARLÉ 1992, BELLINI & ZEPPELINI 2004, FERNANDES & MENDONÇA 2004, CULIK et al. 2006).Brachystomella agrosa was recorded in the state of Espírito Santo in agricultural soil.The present record increases its distribution to the littoral environment.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Map of Brazil indicating the location of the state of Espírito Santo and the locations of the sampling stations: ( ) Station 1, ( ) Station 2, ( ) Station 3.