Figures 1-10
Living species of Berthella from Brazil. (1-2) Berthella agassizii; (1) dorsal view, MNRJ 30346, 23 mm long alive; (2) lateral view, MNRJ 31332, 18 mm long alive; (3) egg mass, MNRJ 30346, 10 mm of diameter; (4-6) Berthella punctata sp. nov., dorsal view; (4) MNRJ 34013, 7 mm long alive; (5) MZSP 97088, 13 mm long alive, photo: V. Padula; (6) MZSP115665, 9 mm length of preserved specimen, photo: P. Lima; (7-10) Berthella stellata; (7-8) dorsal view, MNRJ 31330; (7) 7 mm long alive; (8) 14 mm long alive; (9-10) dorsal view of the shell; (9) white, MNRJ 31246, 2.6 mm in length; (10) brown, MNRJ 30345, 8.8 mm in length.
Figures 11-18
Berthella agassizii: (11) dorsal view, dotted line indicates position of shell internally, MNRJ 14983; (12) lateral view, MNRJ 14992; (13) ventral view, MNRJ 14983; (14) dorsal view, organization of internal organs, MNRJ 14998; (15-17) reproductive system, dorsal view, MNRJ 14992; (15) detail of the penis; (17) deflected; (18) central nervous system, dorsal view, MNRJ 14983. Scale bars: 11-16, 18 = 1.0 mm, 17 = 0.5 mm.
Figures 19-24
Berthella agassizii, SEM: (19-20) shell, MNRJ 14983; (20) detail near protoconch; (21) elements of jaw, MNRJ 14982; (22-24) radula; (22) innermost lateral teeth, MNRJ 30346; (23) lateral teeth, MNRJ 11062; (24) outermost lateral teeth, MNRJ 14992. Scale bars: 19 = 1mm, 20 = 500 µm, 21-22, 24 = 10 µm, 23 = 5 µm.
Figures 25-28
Berthella agassizii, digestive system. (25) dorsal view, MNRJ 31140; (26) ventral view,MNRJ 31140; (27) foregut sectioned longitudinally from ventral side,MNRJ 14983; (28) odontophoral cartilages, MNRJ 14983. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 29-38
Berthella punctata sp. nov. (29) whole dorsal view, dotted line indicates position of shell internally, MZSP 97088; (30) ventral view, MZSP 97088; (31) detail of lateral view, MZSP 97088; (32) Dorsal view, organization of internal organs, MZSP 97088; (33-37) reproductive system, dorsal view; (33-34) MZSP 115665; (34) deflected; (35) deflected MZSP 97088; (36) penial papilla, MZSP 115665; (37) detail of the connection between bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle, MZSP 115665; (38) central nervous system, dorsal view, MZSP 97088. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 39-42
Berthella punctata sp. nov., spicules, MZSP 115665. (39-40) linear spicules into the mantle, black arrow indicates spicule; (41-42) stellate; (41) spicules into the mantle, white arrow indicates spicule; (42) spicules into the rhinophores. Scale bar: 100 µm.
Figures 43-48
Berthella punctata sp. nov., SEM. (43-44) shell, MZSP 97088; (44) detail near protoconch; (45) elements of jaw, MZSP 97088; (46) lateral view of the elements of jaw, MZSP 115665; (47-48) radula, MNRJ 115665; (47) lateral teeth; (48) outermost lateral teeth. Scale bars: 43 = 1.0 mm, 44 = 200 µm, 45, 47-48 = 20 µm, 46 = 50 µm.
Figures 49-52
Berthella punctata sp. nov., digestive system, MZSP 97088. (49-50) dorsal view; (50) stomach deflected; (51) ventral view; (52) foregut sectioned longitudinally from ventral side. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 53-60
Berthella tamiu, syntypes microscopic slides, MZSP 121400. (53) cerebro-pleural complex; (54-55) transverse cut of mantle; (55) linear spicule, black arrow indicates spicule; (56) radula and jaw plates; (57) detail of jaw elements, white arrow indicates small reflective circlet; (58-60) region near penis; (60) detail of penial papillae. Scale bars: 55 = 200 µm, 57 = 100 µm, 59 = 2.0 mm, 60 = 1.0 mm.
Figures 61-67
Berthella stellata. (61) whole dorsal view, dotted line indicates position of shell internally, MNRJ 31246; (62) ventral view, MNRJ 31246; (63-64) lateral view; (63) MNRJ 31246; (64) detail near gill, MNRJ 30345; (65) dorsal view, organization of internal organs, MNRJ 31333; (66) reproductive system deflected, dorsal view, MNRJ 30345; (67) central nervous system, dorsal view, MNRJ 30345. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 68-70
Berthella stellata, spicules, MNRJ 31330. (68) linear; (69-70) stellate. Scale bar: 15 µm.
Figures 71-72
Berthella stellata, SEM of shell, MNRJ 31246; (72) detail near protoconch. Scale bars: 71 = 1.0 mm, 72 = 200 µm.
Figures 73-78
Berthella stellata, SEM of jaw and radula. (73-74) elements of jaw; (73) MNRJ 31246; (74) MNRJ 30345; (75-78) radula; (75-76) innermost lateral teeth, MNRJ 31246; (75) smooth; (76) with one denticle in its base; (77-78) outermost lateral teeth; (77) smooth, MNRJ 30345; (78) bifid, MNRJ 31246. Scale bars: 73, 77 = 20 µm, 74 = 50 µm, 75-76, 78 = 5 µm.
Figures 79-85
Berthella stellata, digestive system, MNRJ 31333. (79-80) dorsal view; (80) pharyngeal bulb with esophagus deflected; (81-82) ventral view; (82) detail of the pharyngeal bulb; (83) pharyngeal bulb partly sectioned longitudinally from ventral side; (84) foregut sectioned longitudinally from ventral side; (85) odontophoral cartilages. Scale bars: 79-84 = 1.0 mm, 85 = 0.5 mm.
Figures 86-90
Living species of Berthellina from Brazil. (86-87) Berthellina circularis, MNRJ 12935, 21 mm length of preserved specimen, photo: V. Padula; (86) dorsal view; (87) ventral view; (88-90) Berthellina ignis sp. nov.; (88) dorsal view, MNRJ 95965, 18 mm length of preserved specimen, photo: F. Santos; (89) dorsal view, MNRJ 97042, 9 mm length of preserved specimen, photo: V. Padula; (90) ventral view, MNRJ 97042, 9 mm length of preserved specimen, photo: V. Padula.
Figures 91-97
Berthellina circularis. (91) dorsal view, dotted line indicates position of shell internally, MNRJ 12935; (92) lateral view, MNRJ 18770; (93) Dorsal view, organization of internal organs, MNRJ 12935; (94) detail of genital apertures, MNRJ 12935; (95) reproductive system deflected, dorsal view, MNRJ 12935; (96) detail of the connection between bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle, dorsal view, MNRJ 12935; (97) central nervous system, dorsal view, MNRJ 12935. Scale bars: 91-93 = 5.0 mm, 94-97 = 1.0 mm.
Figures 98-100
Berthellina circularis, stellate spicules, MNRJ 12935. (98) into the foot, black arrow indicates spicules; (99) into the mantle, black arrow indicates spicules; (100) some broken spicules due sodium hypochlorite. Scale bar: 200 µm.
Figures 101-106
Berthellina circularis, SEM. (101) shell, MNRJ 12935; (102-103) elements of jaw, MNRJ 18770; (104-106) radula, MNRJ 18770; (104) innermost lateral teeth; (105) lateral teeth; (106) outermost lateral teeth. Scale bars: 101 = 200 µm, 102-105 = 10 µm, 106 = 20 µm.
Figures 107-112
Berthellina circularis, digestive system. (107) dorsal view, MNRJ 12935; (108) ventral view, MNRJ 12935; (109) dorsal view, detail of posterior portion with esophagus deflected, MNRJ 12935; (110) odontophoral cartilages, MNRJ 18770; (111-112) foregut sectioned longitudinally from ventral side, MNRJ 12935. Scale bars: 107-108 = 5.0 mm, 109, 111-112 = 2.5 mm, 110 = 1.0 mm.
Figures 113-115
Berthellina quadridens, radular teeth. (113) MZSP 75310; (114-115) MZSP 121401. Scale bar: 100 µm.
Figures 116-122
Berthellina ignis sp. nov., MNRJ 97039. (116) dorsal view, dotted line indicates position of shell internally; (117) lateral view; (118) Dorsal view, organization of internal organs; (119-121) Reproductive system, dorsal view; (120) detail of the connection between bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle; (121) reproductive system deflected; (122) central nervous system, dorsal view. Scale bars: 116, 118 = 5.0 mm, 117, 119-122 = 1.0 mm.
Figures 123-125
Berthellina ignis sp. nov., spicules, MZSP 95965. (123) linear, rod-like; (124) stellate into the mantle, white arrow indicates spicule; (125) some broken spicules into the mantle, white arrows indicate spicules. Scale bar: 100 µm.
Figures 126-131
Berthellina ignis sp. nov., SEM. (126) shell, MZSP 97039; (127-128) elements of jaw; (127) MZSP 97039; (128) MNRJ 34212; (129-131) radula; (129) innermost lateral teeth, MZSP 95965; (130) lateral teeth, MZSP 97039; (131) outermost lateral teeth, MZSP 97039. Scale bars: 126 = 1.0 mm, 127-130 = 10 µm, 131 = 20 µm.
Figures 132-136
Berthellina ignis sp. nov., MNRJ 97039. (132) dorsal view; (133) ventral view; (134) dorsal view, detail of posterior portion with esophagus deflected; (135) odontophoral cartilages; (136) foregut sectioned longitudinally from ventral side. Scale bars: 132-133, 136 = 2.5 mm, 134-135 = 1.0 mm.