On the Neotropical spider genus Eurymorion ( Araneae : Linyphiidae )

The Neotropical genus of spider Eurymorion includes, until now, only two species: E. insigne (Millidge, 1991) and E. nobile (Millidge, 1991); both known only by males from the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil), respectively. The genus is diagnosed mainly by the male palp with a small paracymbium and by the prolonged and medially constricted abdomen. In this paper we describe and illustrate three news species: E. triunfo sp. nov. based on male and female specimens from the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and La Paz (Bolivia), male palp has a rounded lamella characteristica with less projected tip and less developed base of the frontal cheliceral spiniform process, females have long spermatic ducts following the course of the lateral borders of genital opening; E. murici sp. nov. based on a male and a female from the state of Alagoas (Brazil), male palp has a striated border lamella characteristica with less projected tip, subtegulum more than half the length of the cymbium, tegular duct forming a non sinuous curve and large frontal cheliceral spiniform process, female epigynum atrium with rounded lateral borders, less developed dorsal plate and separated spermathecae; and E. mourai sp. nov. based on a male from Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), male palp with less prominent lamella characteristica distal end, embolic division with only one distal projection, frontal cheliceral spiniform process larger and with slightly bifurcated tip. In addition, new illustrations based on the type material of the E. insigne and E. nobile are provided and the female of E. nobile is described and illustrated for the first time.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Specimens were deposited in the collections of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA (AMNH, curator N.I.Platnick); Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (IBSP, I. Knysak) and Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (MCN, E.H. Buckup).For illustrations, specimens were examined under a Leica ® MZ9.5 equipped with a camera lucida.The trichobothrium position on metatarsus I was calculated following MILLIDGE (1980).The description style and terminology of palpal morphology follow MILLIDGE (1991).The tibial spine formula follows ROBERTS (1987).The study of the reproductive structures of both male and female was performed by immersing the epigynum and the embolic division in lactic acid and/or clove oil for approximately 30 minutes until the internal structures could be perfectly visualized.Expansion of the palp was done by immersing the structure in 10% KOH for approximately two hours, and subsequently transferring it to distilled water.Throughout the descriptions, mea-On the Neotropical spider genus Eurymorion (Araneae: Linyphiidae) Everton Nei Lopes Rodrigues 1, 2 & Ricardo Ott 2 1 Corresponding author.Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43435, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. E-mail: enlrodrigues@yahoo.com.br 2 Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul. Rua Dr Salvador França 1427, 90690-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. E-mail: rott@fzb.rs.gov.brABSTRACT.The Neotropical genus of spider Eurymorion includes, until now, only two species: E. insigne (Millidge, 1991) and E. nobile (Millidge, 1991); both known only by males from the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil), respectively.The genus is diagnosed mainly by the male palp with a small paracymbium and by the prolonged and medially constricted abdomen.In this paper we describe and illustrate three news species: E. triunfo sp.nov.based on male and female specimens from the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and La Paz (Bolivia), male palp has a rounded lamella characteristica with less projected tip and less developed base of the frontal cheliceral spiniform process, females have long spermatic ducts following the course of the lateral borders of genital opening; E. murici sp.nov.based on a male and a female from the state of Alagoas (Brazil), male palp has a striated border lamella characteristica with less projected tip, subtegulum more than half the length of the cymbium, tegular duct forming a non sinuous curve and large frontal cheliceral spiniform process, female epigynum atrium with rounded lateral borders, less developed dorsal plate and separated spermathecae; and E. mourai sp.nov.based on a male from Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), male palp with less prominent lamella characteristica distal end, embolic division with only one distal projection, frontal cheliceral spiniform process larger and with slightly bifurcated tip.In addition, new illustrations based on the type material of the E. insigne and E. nobile are provided and the female of E. nobile is described and illustrated for the first time.KEY WORDS.Bolivia; Brazil; Neotropical; new records; spider taxonomy.surements are expressed in millimeters.The scanning electron micrographs (SEM) were taken on a JEOL ® JSM-5200 electronic microscope located at the Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul.Abbreviations: (AME) anterior median eyes, (ALE) anterior lateral eyes, (PLE) posterior lateral eyes and (PME) posterior median eyes; (Tm I) trichobothrium position on metatarsus I.

TAXONOMY
Eurymorion triunfo sp.nov.Diagnosis.The male palp of Eurymorion triunfo sp.nov.(Figs 1-2 and 33-37) resembles that of E. insigne (Figs 22-23;MILLIDGE, 1991: figs 236-237), in having a relatively simple paracymbium, long and filiform embolus and suprategular apophysis with hooked distal portion, but differs in the more developed paracymbium and with the lamella characteristica round and less projected tip (Fig. 1) and frontal cheliceral spiniform process base less developed (Figs 32 and 38).Female epigynum with a subtriangular atrium bearing a large and deep transversal opening divided by a longitudinal sept of prolonged and projected base originating from dorsal plate (Figs 9 and 47); subtriangular ventral plate bearing two posterior lateral lobes very close to each other and over the ventral plate, spermathecae at anterior portion of atrium, long spermatic ducts following the course of the lateral borders of genital opening (Fig. 10).
Description.Male (MCN 35738l  Figs 3, 5 and  32) margined with black.Cephalothorax dorsum glabrous, much longer than wide, narrowed posteriorly; cephalothorax predominantly dark-brown with borders, ocular area and cephalic area (from PME to fovea) yellowish.Chelicerae yellow with sparse distal hairs and a small basal tubercle (Fig. 5), and a strong spiniform frontal process ; posterior portion of chelicerae paturon with a set 6-7 small hairs arising from tubercular basis .Promargin with two teeth, one small, the other well developed and orange-brown in color.Distal retromargin with four minute teeth and a larger basal tooth.Endites yellowish, covered with dark-brown dots.Sternum yellowish with darkened borders and sparse setae covering (Figs 4 and 42).Coxae yellow with darkened distal borders.Coxae III smaller than others (Fig. 42).Legs (Figs 43-46) yellowish, segments with median and distal dark rings.Patellae with a strong dorsal spine each.Abdomen longer than wide, with a pronounced median constriction (Figs 3-5); dorsally darkbrown; with four non-pigmented medium-posterior areas bearing small white-perolized spots and two lateral pale stripes; venter with white-perolized spots forming a "Y" extending from epigastric furrow to spinnerets.Anterior spinnerets yellowbrown, posterior spinnerets and anal tubercle brownish.Colulus well developed.Palp with filiform embolus and embolic membrane (Figs 34 and 37); tegulum with sinuous margin and light sinuous ducts; suprategular apophysis membranous distally; paracymbium subtriagular, with short and strong spines (Fig. 35); lamella characteristica striated (Figs 33 and 34).
Female (MCN 46698).6 and 8).Carapace much longer than wide; dark-brown with black dots; margins, ocular area and median cephalic area from PME to the fovea yellow.Chelicerae yellowish, with some sparse distal setae and without tubercle.Promargin with five dark-brown teeth, median teeth well developed.Retromargin with five minute teeth.Endites yellow with dark-brown dots.Sternum yellow with darkened borders, longer than wide (Fig. 7).Coxae yellowish, distal border darkened.Legs yellow, all segments with median and Diagnosis.The male palp of Eurymorion murici sp.nov.resembles that of E. nobile (Figs 24-25;MILLIDGE, 1991: figs 238-239), in having the tegulum with smooth borders; suprategular apophysis with tip below cymbial margin and cymbium with distal portion hooked; it differs from E. nobile by the lamella characteristica with striated border and a less projected tip; subtegulum more than half the length of the cymbium and tegular duct forming a non sinuous curve (Fig. 11).The cheliceral frontal spiniform process is as large as in E. nobile, but with the base less developed, as in E. triunfo and E. insigne (Fig. 30).The female epigynum of E. murici sp.nov.differs from that of E. triunfo by the atrial opening with rounded lateral borders; the less developed dorsal plate, and the more separated spermathecae (Fig. 15 Anterior eye row 0.50, posterior row 0.51.Ocular area darkbrown, eyes margined with black (Fig. 13).Carapace dark red- Anterior eye row 0.43, posterior row 0.46.Ocular area darkened; eyes with dark margins, mainly the PME.Carapace yellow, glabrous, much longer than wide; laterals dark brown with black dots (Fig. 16).Chelicerae yellow, without tubercles, glabrous; promargin with five dark brown, well-developed teeth; retromargin with five minute teeth.Endites yellowish; labium whitish.Sternum (Fig. 17 median constriction (Fig. 19); dorsally whitish-yellow with black terminal area; venter and spinnerets yellow.Colulus well developed.Epiginum with long copulatory ducts and reniform spermathecae at latero-anterior position of atrium (Fig. 15).Distribution.Known only from the type locality (Fig. 50).
Etymology.The specific name is a noun in apposition, taken from the type locality.
Natural history.Unknown.
Eurymorion nobile (Millidge, 1991) Figs 24-28, 50  Platnick, 1993: 277. Platnick, 2009.Diagnosis.The female epigynum de E. nobile resembles that of E. triunfo by having a large and deep atrial opening and a the ventral plate with two lateral lobes extending posteriorly, very close to each other and over the dorsal plate; it differs from that species by the presence of pair of anterior excavations on the ventral plate and the longitudinally placed spermathecae, in ventral view (Fig. 27).For a diagnosis of the male (Figs 24 and 25) see MILLIDGE (1991: 72).On the Neotropical spider genus Eurymorion ZOOLOGIA 27 (4): 649-659, August, 2010Submitted: 23.X.2009;Accepted: 30.V.2010.Editorial responsibility: Antonio D. Brescovit dark-brown dots.Sternum brown with darkened borders, longer than wide.Coxae yellowish with darkened distal borders.Legs yellow with dark-brown median and distal rings on all segments.All patellae with strong dorsal spine.Abdomen longer than wide, without median constriction, slightly prolonged after spinnerets; dorsally light yellow with two brown stripes and two lateral stripes covered with small pearl-white dots.Venter brown with irregular distributed pearl-white dots.Anterior and posterior spinnerets brown, dark stippled.Colulus well developed.Epigynum with large dorsal plate, spermathecae elongated and distant from each other, copulatory ducts long and sinuous (Figs 26 and 27).

DISCUSSION
Due to their apparent morphological similarity with the new species described herein, the examination of two species described by KEYSERLING ( 1891) is strongly recommended.Unfortunately, the types of Linyphia armata (Keyserling, 1891) and L. longiceps (Keyserling, 1891), both originally described in Frontina, were not located at The Natural History Museum, London, UK, where KEYSERLING's (1891) type material was allegedly deposited.