Two new Neotropical species of Drosophilinae (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from Uruguay

Two new species of Drosophilidae from Uruguay are described and illustrated: Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov. (Holotype male in MZSP: Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo city, Department of Montevideo), and Scaptomyza pipinna sp. nov. (Holotype male in MZSP: Sarandí del Consejo, near north shore of Laguna de Castillos, Department of Rocha). The former species belongs to the D. tripunctata group and is sibling to Drosophila nappae Vilela, Valente & Basso-da-Silva, 2004, differing mainly in characters of the aedeagus. The latter is closely related to Scaptomyza striaticeps Wheeler & Takada, 1966, from which it can be distinguished by color and terminalia characters. The new Drosophila species was successfully cultured in a modified banana-agar medium which is provided. Photomicrographs of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of D. montevidensis sp. nov. are also included.

KEY WORDS:
Argentina; Drosophila tripunctata group; karyotypes; Mesoscaptomyza; taxonomy

Authorship

Beatriz Goñi ^**Corresponding author. E-mail: bgoni@fcien.edu.uy

Sección Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República. Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.Universidad de la RepúblicaUruguayMontevideo, UruguaySección Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República. Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.

Carlos R. Vilela

Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo. Caixa Postal 11461, 05422-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. E-mail: crvilela@ib.usp.brUniversidade de São PauloBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo. Caixa Postal 11461, 05422-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. E-mail: crvilela@ib.usp.br

^*Corresponding author. E-mail: bgoni@fcien.edu.uy

Author Contributions:

BG collected specimens in Argentina and Uruguay, prepared chromosome slides, took chromosome photomicrographs. CRV collected specimens in São Paulo, prepared terminalia slides, took habitus and terminalia photomicrographs, made drawings. Both authors established isofemale lines, identified species and wrote the paper.

Competing Interests:

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (9)

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Figures 1-16
Male and female adults of two sibling species of the Drosophila tripunctata group: (1, 5, 9, 13) left lateral view; (2, 6, 10, 14) laterodorsal view; (3-4, 7-8, 11-12, 15-16) dorsal (thorax and abdomen) views. (1-8) Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov.: (1-4) male (isofemale line Q37F55, Montevideo, Uruguay); (5-8) female (isofemale line Q37F51, idem). (9-16) Drosophila nappae (isofemale line I73F254, São Paulo, Brazil): (9-12) male; (13-16) female. Scale bar: 1 mm.

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Figures 17-24
Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov. male holotype, terminalia: (17) epandrium, cerci, surstyli and decasternum, oblique posterior view; (18) surstyli and decasternum, posterior view; (19) hypandrium and gonopods+paraphyses [fused], posterior view; (20-24) aedeagus+aedeagal apodeme in several views from dorsal through ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

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Figure 25
Left oviscapt valve of the female paratype of Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov.: outer lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

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Figures 26-53
Aedeagi + aedeagal apodeme of two sibling species of the Drosophila tripunctata group: (26-30, 36-40, 46-47, 50-51), left lateral view; (31-35, 41-45, 48, 49, 52, 53), dorsal view. (26-49) Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov.: (36, 41) holotype; (26-35, 37, 38, 42, 43) paratypes; (39, 44) Montevideo (Cerro Montevideo, Parque Vaz-Ferreira); (40, 45, 46-49) Rocha (Laguna Negra, Don Bosco camping), specimen E; (46, 48) idem, specimen U; (47, 49) idem, specimen W; (50-53) Drosophila nappae: (50, 52) isofemale line I42F56, São Paulo (Forest Reserve of IB-USP); (51, 53) wild-caught, Porto Alegre (RS). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

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Figures 54-57
Left oviscapt valve and pair of inner spermathecal capsules of two sibling species of the Drosophila tripunctata group, outer lateral and lateral views respectively: (54, 55) Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov., female paratype; (56, 57) Drosophila nappae , isofemale line I42F56, São Paulo (Forest Reserve of IB-USP). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

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Figures 58-63
Mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov. (58-59) female and (60-61) male metaphase plates from larval neuroblasts; (59) female prometaphase cell showing C-banded proximal heterochromatin in all chromosomes; (62-63) male meiotic prometaphase I chromosomes showing four bivalents representing the autosomes 2, 3, 4, 5 and the small dot chromosome, and the heterologous XY association. Sex chromosomes are indicated in all cells, and arrows indicate the dot chromosomes. Scale bar: 10 μm.

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Figures 64-66
Scaptomyza pipinna sp. nov. male holotype, adult: (64) left lateral view; (65) laterodorsal view, (66) dorsal view. Scale bar: 1 mm.

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Figures 67-76
Scaptomyza pipinna sp. nov. male holotype, terminalia: (67) epandrium, cerci, surstyli and decasternum, posterior view; (68) idem, oblique posterior view; (69) left side of hypandrium and left gonopod (right side of hypandrium accidentally broken and right gonopod accidentally detached), posterior view; (70) left gonopod, posterior view; (71) right gonopod, posterior view; (72-76) aedeagus+aedeagal apodeme, and paraphyses, several views from dorsal through ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

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Figures 77-78
Scaptomyza pipinna sp. nov. male holotype, aedeagi+aedeagal apodeme and paraphyses: (77) dorsal view; (78) left lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figures 1-16 Male and female adults of two sibling species of the Drosophila tripunctata group: (1, 5, 9, 13) left lateral view; (2, 6, 10, 14) laterodorsal view; (3-4, 7-8, 11-12, 15-16) dorsal (thorax and abdomen) views. (1-8) Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov.: (1-4) male (isofemale line Q37F55, Montevideo, Uruguay); (5-8) female (isofemale line Q37F51, idem). (9-16) Drosophila nappae (isofemale line I73F254, São Paulo, Brazil): (9-12) male; (13-16) female. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figures 17-24 Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov. male holotype, terminalia: (17) epandrium, cerci, surstyli and decasternum, oblique posterior view; (18) surstyli and decasternum, posterior view; (19) hypandrium and gonopods+paraphyses [fused], posterior view; (20-24) aedeagus+aedeagal apodeme in several views from dorsal through ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figure 25 Left oviscapt valve of the female paratype of Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov.: outer lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figures 26-53 Aedeagi + aedeagal apodeme of two sibling species of the Drosophila tripunctata group: (26-30, 36-40, 46-47, 50-51), left lateral view; (31-35, 41-45, 48, 49, 52, 53), dorsal view. (26-49) Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov.: (36, 41) holotype; (26-35, 37, 38, 42, 43) paratypes; (39, 44) Montevideo (Cerro Montevideo, Parque Vaz-Ferreira); (40, 45, 46-49) Rocha (Laguna Negra, Don Bosco camping), specimen E; (46, 48) idem, specimen U; (47, 49) idem, specimen W; (50-53) Drosophila nappae: (50, 52) isofemale line I42F56, São Paulo (Forest Reserve of IB-USP); (51, 53) wild-caught, Porto Alegre (RS). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figures 54-57 Left oviscapt valve and pair of inner spermathecal capsules of two sibling species of the Drosophila tripunctata group, outer lateral and lateral views respectively: (54, 55) Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov., female paratype; (56, 57) Drosophila nappae , isofemale line I42F56, São Paulo (Forest Reserve of IB-USP). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figures 58-63 Mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of Drosophila montevidensis sp. nov. (58-59) female and (60-61) male metaphase plates from larval neuroblasts; (59) female prometaphase cell showing C-banded proximal heterochromatin in all chromosomes; (62-63) male meiotic prometaphase I chromosomes showing four bivalents representing the autosomes 2, 3, 4, 5 and the small dot chromosome, and the heterologous XY association. Sex chromosomes are indicated in all cells, and arrows indicate the dot chromosomes. Scale bar: 10 μm.

Figures 64-66 Scaptomyza pipinna sp. nov. male holotype, adult: (64) left lateral view; (65) laterodorsal view, (66) dorsal view. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figures 67-76 Scaptomyza pipinna sp. nov. male holotype, terminalia: (67) epandrium, cerci, surstyli and decasternum, posterior view; (68) idem, oblique posterior view; (69) left side of hypandrium and left gonopod (right side of hypandrium accidentally broken and right gonopod accidentally detached), posterior view; (70) left gonopod, posterior view; (71) right gonopod, posterior view; (72-76) aedeagus+aedeagal apodeme, and paraphyses, several views from dorsal through ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figures 77-78 Scaptomyza pipinna sp. nov. male holotype, aedeagi+aedeagal apodeme and paraphyses: (77) dorsal view; (78) left lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

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Two new Neotropical species of Drosophilinae (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from Uruguay

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[1] ^*Corresponding author. E-mail: bgoni@fcien.edu.uy