Neotropical Pentatomidae ( Insecta : Hemiptera : Heteroptera ) of the collection of Massimiliano Spinola preserved in the “ Museo Regionale de Scienze Naturali ” , Turin , Italy

One hundred and forty specimens of Neotropical pentatomids of the Spinola collection were examined and identified and are listed in the present work. Lectotypes are designated for Arvelius gladiator Spinola, 1837; Arvelius laciniatus Spinola, 1837; Audinetella bipunctata Spinola, 1850; Ochlerus cinctus Spinola, 1837; Pentatoma albocostatum Spinola, 1852; Pentatoma dimidiaticollis (Spinola, 1852); Pentatoma unidentatum Spinola, 1852; Schaefferella litigiosa Spinola, 1850, Sympiezorhincus tristis Spinola, 1837; and Thoreyella brasiliensis Spinola, 1850. A lectotype is also designated for Chlorocoris tau, putting aside the previous Neotype designation. The preservation status of each specimen is provided.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
This work presents the species in alphabetical order using the names as written on the original labels.This systematization is adopted for two main reasons: first, this helps to maintain congruence with the catalog of CASALE (1981) and eases future researchers to locate the specimens in the collection.Second, a confuse listing is avoided because many of the species names on the labels used by Spinola were never published, and so are not valid names.When this is the case, the observation "unpublished name" or the actual name published by Spinola follows the species name.
Remarks.The female in better condition is here designated LECTOTYPE, putting aside the previous neotype designation made by THOMAS (1985: 678), in accordance with the Article 75 of the International Code of Zoological Nomencla-ture (ICZN 1999: 86).

Arma
= Euschistus (Lycipta) circumfusus Berg, 1883 Material examined.One female in good condition with the green label: "Arma…, D. Buquet, Brésil".One male lacking the pygophore and with the green label with same data as the female.
Remarks.The specimens probably belong to the typical series of Oplomus nigro-limbatus Spinola, not included in the sample deposited at Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) (THOMAS 1992: 30).
Remarks.A LECTOTYPE is herein designated for A. gladiator in order to assign a single specimen of this species as the name-bearer and thus, stabilize the nomenclature.There are two specimens labeled as A. gladiator Spinola in the MRSN, none of which is designated as a type.Therefore, the male was selected and a lectotype label was attached to its pin.
Material examined.Two females in fairly good condition, one lacking the right hemelytron.No labels.
Remarks.The female in better condition is here designated LECTOTYPE for Arvelius laciniatus Spinola, 1837 in order to assign a single specimen of this species as the name-bearer.
Remarks.This female is here designated LECTOTYPE, considering that there are two females under the same green label (see below) and to assign a single specimen of this species as the name-bearer.ROLSTON (1992: 19-21) proposed for the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) the suppression of the names Audinetella and A. bipunctata in favor of Lincus and L. croupius.The ICZN decided in favor of Lincus but not of L. croupius, which has the status of a junior subjective synonym of L. bipunctatus (ANONYMOUS 1993: 246-247).

Edessa incumbens. Unpublished name
= Taurocerus edessoides (Spinola, 1837)  tion.Green label: "Ochlerus cinctus var., D. Buquet Brasilia".Remarks.One female is here designated LECTOTYPE, considering there are two females under the same green label and to assign a single specimen of this species as the namebearer.SPINOLA (1837: 295) mentioned a female and a male in his description; however, the male has not been located.
Material examined.Three females, two in fairly good condition and one in poor condition.The first two with a white label: "La pointe ventral ici est un tubercle qui peut ètre difficile pour le classer".The third with a white label: "Raphigaster Dall.". Green label: "Pentatoma… (Raphigaster) Dallas, G. Nezara A. et S.?, D. Buquet, Brésil".
Material examined.One male and one female in fairly good condition, the latter with a white label: "Pentatoma nitida, Hope marginella H. S.". Green label: "Pentatoma… Brasilia".
Remarks.The male is here designated LECTOTYPE, considering there are two specimens under the same green label and to assign a single specimen of this species as the name-bearer.
Figures 1 (3 rd row, 5 th and 6 th specimens, from left to right) and 2.
Remarks.FAUNDÉZ & VERDEJO (2009) mentioned two females of P. dimidiaticolle [sic] deposited at MRSN, apparently due to a misinformation provided by the Museum.The male is here designated LECTOTYPE, considering there are two specimens under the same green label and to assign a single specimen of this species as the name-bearer.
Remarks.This specimen is conspecific with other four of the same box collected in Italy.Although the original label indicates the Neotropical Region, P. prasina is in fact a Palearctic species.
Material examined.One male in fairly good condition and one female in very poor condition with a white label: "Nec libre virs à mettre dans les asopides".Green label: "Pentatoma eburneiger, m., D. Jekel 1851, Amazonia".
Remarks.The specimen belongs to an unidentified species of the group of Hypatropis Bergroth, 1891.
Figures 1 (3 rd row, 7 th to 9 th specimens, from left to right) and 2.
Remarks.The male is here designated LECTOTYPE, considering there are three specimens under the same green label and to assign a single specimen of this species as the namebearer.
Remarks.These are not the types, since Spinola described Proxys for Cimex victor Fabricius.
Remarks.The male is here designated LECTOTYPE, considering there are three specimens under the same green label and to assign a single specimen of this species as the name-bearer.
Sympiezorhincus tristis Spinola, 1837: 286-287 Material examined.Two males, one with the abdomen opened and the pygophore glued on a separate label, the other in fairly good condition, antennal segments missing except for the first segment of the left antenna.Green label: "Sympiezorhincus tristis Spin., Rachava orbicularis Amyot & Serville, D. Buquet, Brésil".
Remarks.SPINOLA (1837: 287) stated that the male of the species was unknown.He certainly misinterpreted the sex of the specimens.The male keeping the pygophore in the abdomen is here designated LECTOTYPE, considering there are two specimens under the same green label and to assign a single specimen of this species as the name-bearer.
Remarks.The male is here designated LECTOTYPE, considering there are two specimens under the same green label and to assign a single specimen of this species as the namebearer.
Remarks.The two males and the female, mentioned in the beginning of the material examined, probably belong to the typical series of Oplomus chilensis Spinola, not included in the sample deposited at Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) (THOMAS 1992: 116).