Ciência Ruralhttps://www.scielo.br/journal/cr/feed/2024-02-27T20:03:40.294000ZVol. 54 No. 8 - 2024WerkzeugAgronomic performance associated with fungicide use in subtropical corn farming10.1590/0103-8478cr202205312024-02-27T20:03:40.294000Z2020-08-09T06:48:25.187000ZBolzan, Felipe TaschetoFollmann, Diego NicolauCargnelutti Filho, AlbertoMarchioro, Volmir SergioMaldaner, Ivan CarlosRosa, Guilherme Bergeijer daEggers, Henrique SchafKlein, Luís Antônio
<em>Bolzan, Felipe Tascheto</em>;
<em>Follmann, Diego Nicolau</em>;
<em>Cargnelutti Filho, Alberto</em>;
<em>Marchioro, Volmir Sergio</em>;
<em>Maldaner, Ivan Carlos</em>;
<em>Rosa, Guilherme Bergeijer Da</em>;
<em>Eggers, Henrique Schaf</em>;
<em>Klein, Luís Antônio</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT: Fungal diseases in Brazilian regions with tropical and subtropical climates reduce the production potential of corn crops. The use of fungicides is one of the strategies to maintain productivity. This study evaluated the agronomic performance and grain quality of corn hybrids associated with the preventive use of fungicides in subtropical environments. Six experiments were conducted in Santa Maria-RS, São Vicente do Sul-RS, and FredericoWestphalen-RS during two sowing seasons. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement, in which the main plot consisted of two levels of the fungicide factor (with and without) and the sub-plot consisted of six levels of corn hybrids (AG9025, AS1730, P3016, MG300, DKB230, and FEROZ). A total of 216 experimental plots were evaluated for grain productivity, and eight plants per plot were evaluated for other traits, totaling 1,728 evaluated plants. Therefore, environmental conditions influence the interaction between the factors of fungicide use and hybrid cultivar positioning, with no significant interaction in years with a water deficit. Early sowings in subtropical environments indicate better agronomic performance and a lower percentage of moldy grains regardless of the cultivation location, contributing to grain quality.Ploidy variation on gene differential expression in cowpea10.1590/0103-8478cr202301082024-02-27T20:03:40.294000Z2020-08-09T06:48:25.187000ZQiu, XuewenKuang, HuiyunZeng, ChuntaoLi, DanYang, YouxinGan, YudiFan, ShuyingWu, Caijun
<em>Qiu, Xuewen</em>;
<em>Kuang, Huiyun</em>;
<em>Zeng, Chuntao</em>;
<em>Li, Dan</em>;
<em>Yang, Youxin</em>;
<em>Gan, Yudi</em>;
<em>Fan, Shuying</em>;
<em>Wu, Caijun</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT: This study investigated the differences in gene expression profiles of diploid and autotetraploid in cowpea, and provided theoretical basis for screening key genes of differential expression and ploidy breeding. The phenotypes and contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein of diploid and autotetraploid of cowpea were compared and transcriptome sequencing was performed. The autotetraploid leaves of cowpea were thicker and darker green than diploid leaves, and the contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein in leaves were higher. A total of 2678 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in the diploid and autotetraploid of cowpea. Among them, there were 421 genes with higher expression of tetraploid than diploid, and 2257 genes with lower expression of tetraploid than diploid. All 2678 DEGs were annotated into the Gene Ontology (GO) functional library. The DEGs were mainly concentrated in metabolism and cell composition. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Pathway analysis showed that cowpea diploid and autotetraploid have significant differences in flavonoid biosynthesis, degradation of other glycan, phenylpropane biosynthesis, starch sucrose metabolism, keratin, amber and wax biosynthesis, circadian rhythm and plant pathways.Profile of 5213 owners and perceptions about feline care and veterinary medical care10.1590/0103-8478cr202204962024-02-27T20:03:40.294000Z2020-08-09T06:48:25.187000ZRampelotto, CarinePinto Filho, Saulo Tadeu Lemos
<em>Rampelotto, Carine</em>;
<em>Pinto Filho, Saulo Tadeu Lemos</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to know the profile of Brazilian cat owners and their perceptions of responsible ownership and the veterinary care environment. The application of a semi-structured online questionnaire investigating the owner’s socioeconomic level and perception of knowledge concerning health care and history of medical-veterinary care of their cats using the snowball method. A total of 5,213 participants were included, of which: 93% were women, 52% were single and lived in urban areas (96%). Fifty nine per cent of the owners answered that their cat is taken to the veterinary care service only when it shows a clinical sign and 65% of them feel anxious when they need to take their cats to the vet. Only 1% of the owner did not consider the cat as a family member. Concerning the veterinary care scenario, 40% of the owners answered that at least once, that their cat(s) had been handled inappropriately by veterinary service professionals, and they believed that low affinity with the species and excessive restraint were the main causes for this misconduct. Around 40% of the owners had already changed their veterinarian because of this inappropriate interaction/handling. Conclusion and relevancethe data presented point to the importance of implementing and improving friendly and gentle care practices with cats and their owners.Medial iliac lymph node as a target for metastasis in bitches with malignant mammary neoplasms10.1590/0103-8478cr202205012024-02-27T20:03:40.294000Z2020-08-09T06:48:25.187000ZFeranti, João Pedro ScusselCoradini, Gabriela PesamoscaLinhares, Marcella TeixeiraCampos, Rammy VargasGavioli, Felipe BaldissarellaAntunes, Bernardo NascimentoOliveira, Marília Teresa deBrun, Maurício Veloso
<em>Feranti, João Pedro Scussel</em>;
<em>Coradini, Gabriela Pesamosca</em>;
<em>Linhares, Marcella Teixeira</em>;
<em>Campos, Rammy Vargas</em>;
<em>Gavioli, Felipe Baldissarella</em>;
<em>Antunes, Bernardo Nascimento</em>;
<em>Oliveira, Marília Teresa De</em>;
<em>Brun, Maurício Veloso</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT: The regional lymphatic connections of the mammary glands in canines are poorly investigated, both in healthy animals and in those with mammary neoplasms. The objective was to establish the occurrence of metastases in the medial iliac lymph nodes (MILN) in bitches with mammary neoplasm, in addition to evaluating the effectiveness of the technique of lymphatic labeling of the MILN, administering methylene blue (MB) dye intrauterinely or intradermally. Thirty-two bitches with tumors in different mammary glands were included in the study. In 13 bitches (GU group), the MILNs were stained with intrauterine MB, followed by unilateral lymphadenectomy, ovariohysterectomy (OVH) and unilateral mastectomy. Nineteen bitches (GI group) underwent OVH, followed by MILN staining with intradermal MB, lymphadenectomy, and unilateral mastectomy. In GU, 11 bitches (84.62%) exhibited MB-stained MILNs, but staining was not observed in two (15.38%). Metastasis to MILNs was observed in three bitches (9.38%) from the GI and two (6.25%) from the GU. Intrauterine and intradermal staining of MILNs in bitches with mammary tumors was efficient, but intradermal administration of MB produced better results. Given metastatic spread to MILNs in approximately 15.63% of patients, we recommend that screening for MILNs should be considered as part of the staging of animals with malignant mammary neoplasms.Methods for identifying stress caused by fasting in commercial laying hens10.1590/0103-8478cr202205872024-02-27T20:03:40.294000Z2020-08-09T06:48:25.187000ZCesar, Paula HorácioBedin, Aline Félix SchneiderKunhenMayer, JaquelineSouza, Cleverson deGewehr, Clóvis Eliseu
<em>Cesar, Paula Horácio</em>;
<em>Bedin, Aline Félix Schneider</em>;
<em>Kunhenmayer, Jaqueline</em>;
<em>Souza, Cleverson De</em>;
<em>Gewehr, Clóvis Eliseu</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT: Plasma corticosterone concentration (CORT), heterophil:lymphocyte ratio (H:L), catalase activity (CAT), total glutathione concentration (GSH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels (TBARS) were evaluated in 48 Hy-Line Brown laying hens, at 79 weeks of age, after being fasted for 10 consecutive days. Blood was collected on days zero, two, four, six, eight, and 10 of fasting, and a completely randomized design was adopted, with eight replicates on each day of collection, with each bird being an experimental unit. The time of maximum stress was determined for each method, using the polynomial regression analysis. The Pearson correlation analysis was also performed to determine whether the methods were interchangeable. CORT and GSH concentrations indicated that the time of maximum stress occurred at 4.3 days of fasting, whereas, the H:L and CAT activity indicated that the time of maximum stress occurred at 10 days of fasting. The malondialdehyde concentration detected by the TBARS method was highest at day zero and lowest at day 5.5 of fasting, but this method was not a reliable measure of stress. The low Pearson correlation coefficients observed among the methods made it impossible to designate only one of the tested methods as a replacement for the others, to measure the stress in laying hens during fasting.Different methods and times to estimate heat production in sheep fed with sunflower meal10.1590/0103-8478cr202300452024-02-27T20:03:40.294000Z2020-08-09T06:48:25.187000ZGeraseev, Luciana CastroSantos, Sarah SilvaChaves, Amália SaturninoMachado, Fernanda Samarini
<em>Geraseev, Luciana Castro</em>;
<em>Santos, Sarah Silva</em>;
<em>Chaves, Amália Saturnino</em>;
<em>Machado, Fernanda Samarini</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to assess the oxygen pulse and heart rate method (O2P-HR) using a respiration chamber at different measurement times for estimate the heat production (HP) of lambs fed increasing levels of sunflower meal in their diet. Twenty-four lambs were assigned to four experimental diets (0, 100, 200, and 300 g of sunflower meal kg-1 DM). Heat production was estimated using the O2P-HR (HPO2P) method and a respirometry chamber (HPRC). Measurements were obtained by simultaneously measuring heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption over 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 h. A flow-through respirometry chamber for small ruminants was used to determine oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide and methane production. Data on dietary treatment, measurement times and their interactions were analyzed as repeated measures using mixed model procedures and Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) estimation. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to compare techniques. There was no effect of the different levels of sunflower meal inclusion on VO2 and heat production. The HPO2P (126.16 kcal/ BW0.75/day) was 2% higher than that of the HPRC (124.61 kcal/ BW0.75/day), and the correlation coefficients was 0.628. The coefficient of variation was greater for the HPO2P (21.33%) than for HPRC (11.44%). HR (beats/min), VO2 (mL/min/BW0.75) and O2P-HR (mL/beat) required measurement times of 24, 15 and 9 hours, respectively. A measurement time of 24 h was necessary to ensure a more accurate estimate of the heat production using the O2P-HR method.