Journal of Applied Oral Sciencehttps://www.scielo.br/journal/jaos/feed/2024-01-02T20:27:30.347000ZVol. 32 - 2024WerkzeugDental pain report in children and genetic polymorphism (rs4818) in Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (<i>COMT</i>) gene: a cross- sectional study10.1590/1678-7757-2023-02292024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZMenoncin, Bruna Leticia VessoniFatturi, Aluhê LopesScariot, RafaelaMenezes, José Vitor Nogara BorgesBrancher, João ArmandoFeltrin-Souza, Juliana
<em>Menoncin, Bruna Leticia Vessoni</em>;
<em>Fatturi, Aluhê Lopes</em>;
<em>Scariot, Rafaela</em>;
<em>Menezes, José Vitor Nogara Borges</em>;
<em>Brancher, João Armando</em>;
<em>Feltrin-Souza, Juliana</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract Aim: Polymorphisms in the COMT gene can alter enzymatic functions, raising levels of endogenous catecholamines, which stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors related to pain. This study aimed to evaluate whether a polymorphism in the COMT gene (rs4818) is associated with dental pain in children. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 731 pairs of children and parents randomly selected from a population-based sample of eight-year-old children. Reports of dental pain was evaluated using a question directed at the parents and self-reported pain using the Faces Pain Scale – Revised. Dental caries experience was determined using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. For genetic analysis, DNA was obtained from oral mucosa epithelial cells of 352 children randomly selected from the initial sample. Results: Children with the CC genotype had higher odds of reporting moderate to intense pain than those with the GG genotype (OR=3.60; 95% CI=0.80–16.20; p=0.03). These same children had greater odds of parental reports of pain (OR=1.93; 95% CI=0.91-4.08; p=0.02). Moreover, lower schooling of parents/guardians and caries experience in the primary dentition were significantly associated with greater odds of a parental report of dental pain (OR=2.06; 95% CI=1.47–2.91; p<0.001; OR=6.26; 95% CI=4.46–8.78; p<0.001). Conclusions: The rs4818 polymorphism of the COMT gene is associated with dental pain. Children with the C allele are more likely to report higher levels of pain. Clinical Relevance: Even though the experience of pain is subjective and multifactorial, this study raises the hypothesis that there is a genetic predisposition to dental pain that should be considered in clinical practice.Standardized <i>Centella asiatica</i> extract ECa 233 alleviates pain hypersensitivity by modulating P2X3 in trigeminal neuropathic pain10.1590/1678-7757-2023-03372024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZWanasuntronwong, AreeKaewsrisung, SupassananLakkhanachatpan, NisanatMeepong, RittinarongArayapisit, TawepongTantisira, Mayuree
<em>Wanasuntronwong, Aree</em>;
<em>Kaewsrisung, Supassanan</em>;
<em>Lakkhanachatpan, Nisanat</em>;
<em>Meepong, Rittinarong</em>;
<em>Arayapisit, Tawepong</em>;
<em>Tantisira, Mayuree</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract During oral surgery and temporomandibular joint repositioning, pain hypersensitivity often occurs due to irritation or inflammation of the nerve endings in the orofacial region. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ECa 233, a Centella asiatica–standardized extract, on the development of mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia induced by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve in mice. Methodology: The right infraorbital nerves of the mice were ligated. Oral carbamazepine (20 mg/kg) or ECa 233 (30, 100, or 300 mg/kg) was administered daily for 21 days. Von Frey and air-puff tests were performed on both sides of the whisker pad on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Thereafter, the expression of purinergic receptor subtype 3 (P2X3) and voltage-gated sodium channel 1.7 (NaV1.7), a transmembrane protein, in the trigeminal ganglion and c-fos immunoreactivity-positive neurons in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis was assessed. Results: After 21 days of infraorbital nerve ligation, the mice showed allodynia- and hyperalgesia-like behavior, P2X3 and NaV1.7 were upregulated in the trigeminal ganglion, and nociceptive activity increased in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. However, the oral administration of carbamazepine (20 mg/kg), ECa 233 (100 mg/kg), or ECa 233 (300 mg/kg) mitigated these effects. Nevertheless, ECa 233 failed to affect NaV1.7 protein expression. Conclusion: Carbamazepine and ECa 233 can prevent pain hypersensitivity in mice. Considering the side effects of the long-term use of carbamazepine, ECa 233 monotherapy or combined ECa 233 and carbamazepine therapy can be used as an alternative for regulating the development of hypersensitivity in trigeminal pain. However, further detailed clinical studies should be conducted to provide comprehensive information on the use of ECa 233.Clinical and radiographic evaluation of Bio-Oss granules and Bio-Oss Collagen in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: a retrospective cohort study10.1590/1678-7757-2023-02682024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZWANG, JinmengCUI, WenjieZHAO, YangLEI, LangLI, Houxuan
<em>Wang, Jinmeng</em>;
<em>Cui, Wenjie</em>;
<em>Zhao, Yang</em>;
<em>Lei, Lang</em>;
<em>Li, Houxuan</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract Objective This retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical efficacy of two regenerative surgical methods — Bio-Oss granules combined with barrier membranes and Bio-Oss Collagen alone — and to help clinicians achieve better periodontal regeneration outcomes in the specific periodontal condition. Methodology Patients who underwent periodontal regeneration surgery from January 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively screened, and their clinical and radiographic outcomes at 6 months postoperatively were analyzed. The probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival recession (GR), distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the bottom of the bone defect (CEJ-BD), and depth of intrabony defects (INFRA) were recorded before the operation (T0) and 6 months after it (T1), and subsequently compared. Results In total, 143 patients were included — 77 were placed in the Bio-Oss group and 66 were placed in the Bio-Oss Collagen group. All indicators, including PD and CAL at T1, showed significant differences compared to baseline, for both groups (P<0.001). PD reduction was greater in the group receiving the Bio-Oss Collagen treatment (P=0.042). Furthermore, in cases when the baseline PD range was 7-11 mm and the age range was 35-50 years, PD reduction was more significant for patients receiving the Bio-Oss Collagen treatment (P=0.031, 0.023). A linear regression analysis indicated that postoperative PD and CAL were positively correlated with baseline values, and that the efficacy tended to decrease with increasing age. Conclusion Both the use of Bio-Oss Collagen alone and the use of Bio-Oss granules combined with barrier membranes resulted in significant effects in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. The Bio-Oss Collagen treatment generated more improvements in PD than the Bio-Oss granules combined with barrier membranes, particularly within the baseline PD range of 7-11 mm and the 35-50 years age group. Additionally, age was the main factor influencing the effectiveness of regenerative surgery for intrabony defects: older individuals exhibited fewer improvements.<i>In vitro</i> characterization of a novel resin-based restorative material containing alkaline fillers10.1590/1678-7757-2023-02192024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZMederos, MatiasLeón, Elisa deGarcía, AndrésCuevas-Suárez, Carlos EnriqueHernández-Cabanillas, Juan CarlosRivera-Gonzaga, José AlejandroGrazioli, Guillermo
<em>Mederos, Matias</em>;
<em>León, Elisa De</em>;
<em>García, Andrés</em>;
<em>Cuevas-Suárez, Carlos Enrique</em>;
<em>Hernández-Cabanillas, Juan Carlos</em>;
<em>Rivera-Gonzaga, José Alejandro</em>;
<em>Grazioli, Guillermo</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract Objective: In this study, a comparative evaluation of the physicochemical properties of Cention N and other direct restorative materials was performed. Three restorative materials—a resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC), an alkasite-based resinous material (Cention N), and a resin composite (Tetric N Ceram)—were characterized in terms of degree of conversion, Knoop hardness number (KHN) ratio, flexural strength, elastic modulus, water sorption, water solubility, microshear bond strength to dentin, immediate microleakage, and radiopacity. Methodology: The microshear bond strength to dentin and microleakage of Cention N were evaluated with and without the application of an adhesive system (Tetric N Bond Universal). A one-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data in terms of degree of conversion, KHN ratio, water sorption, water solubility, microshear bond strength to dentin, and radiopacity. A two-way ANOVA test (carried out considering the material type and ethanol aging as factors) was used to analyze the data in terms of flexural strength and elastic modulus. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to statistically analyze the data on microleakage. A significance level of α=0.05 was used for all tests. Results: Fuji II LC was found to have the highest degree of conversion, water sorption, and microleakage, as well as the lowest flexural strength. Cention N had the highest solubility; when used with an adhesive system, it achieved bond strength and microleakage similar to those of the Tetric N Ceram composite. Tetric N Ceram had the highest degree of conversion, KHN ratio, and radiopacity. Conclusion: The properties of Cention N validate its efficacy as an alternative direct restorative material when used in conjunction with an adhesive system.At-home bleaching <i>versus</i> whitening toothpastes for treatment of tooth discoloration: a cost-effectiveness analysis10.1590/1678-7757-2023-03362024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZSANTOS, Mariana EvangelistaSILVA, Rênnis Oliveira daCAVALCANTI, Yuri WanderleyMEIRELES, Sônia Saeger
<em>Santos, Mariana Evangelista</em>;
<em>Silva, Rênnis Oliveira Da</em>;
<em>Cavalcanti, Yuri Wanderley</em>;
<em>Meireles, Sônia Saeger</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract Objectives This study aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of whitening toothpastes and at-home bleaching for the treatment of tooth discoloration. Methodology A cost-effectiveness economic analysis was conducted, and eight randomized clinical trials were selected based on the whitening agent product used: blue covarine dentifrices (BCD), hydrogen peroxide dentifrices (HPD), dentifrices without bleaching agents (CD, negative control), and 10% carbamide peroxide (CP10, positive control) for at-home bleaching. The consumer/patient perspective was adopted, macro-costing techniques were used and a decision tree model was performed considering the costs in the American and Brazilian markets. The color change evaluation (ΔE*ab) was used to calculate the effectiveness of tooth bleaching. A probabilistic analysis was performed using a Monte Carlo simulation and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were obtained. Results CP10 resulted in the highest cost-effectiveness compared to the use of dentifrices in both markets. In Brazil, HPD was more cost-effective than BCD and CD. In the US, the increased costs of HPD and BCD did not generate any whitening benefit compared to CD. Conclusions CP10 was more cost-effective than BCD and HPD for tooth bleaching from the perspectives of the Brazilian and American markets. Decision-making should consider the use of CP10 for treating tooth discoloration.Exploring the role of the <i>WNT5A</i> rs566926 polymorphism and its interactions in non-syndromic orofacial cleft: a multicenter study in Brazil10.1590/1678-7757-2023-03532024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZLARA, Lorraynne dos SantosCOLETTA, Ricardo D.Assis MACHADO, RenatoQuerino Rocha de OLIVEIRA, LiliannyMARTELLI JÚNIOR, Hercíliode Almeida REIS, Silvia ReginaSCARIOT, RafaelaEvaristo Ricci VOLPATO, Luiz
<em>Lara, Lorraynne Dos Santos</em>;
<em>Coletta, Ricardo D.</em>;
<em>Assis Machado, Renato</em>;
<em>Querino Rocha De Oliveira, Lilianny</em>;
<em>Martelli Júnior, Hercílio</em>;
<em>De Almeida Reis, Silvia Regina</em>;
<em>Scariot, Rafaela</em>;
<em>Evaristo Ricci Volpato, Luiz</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract Associations between the WNT5A rs566926 variant and non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOC) have been reported in different populations. Objective This study aimed to investigate the role of the rs566926 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in WNT5A and its interactions with SNPs in BMP4, FGFR1, GREM1, MMP2, and WNT3 in the occurrence of NSOC in a Brazilian population. Methodology A case-control genetic association study was carried out involving participants from four regions of Brazil, totaling 801 patients with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P), 273 patients with cleft palate only (NSCPO), and 881 health volunteers without any congenital condition (control). Applying TaqMan allelic discrimination assays, we evaluated WNT5A rs566926 in an ancestry-structured multiple logistic regression analysis, considering sex and genomic ancestry as covariates. Interactions between rs566926 and variants in genes involved in the WNT5A signaling pathway (BMP4, FGFR1, GREM1, MMP2, and WNT3) were also explored. Results WNT5A rs566926 was significantly associated with an increased risk of NSCL±P, particularly due to a strong association with non-syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO), in which the C allele increased the risk by 32% (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04–1.67, p=0.01). According to the proportions of European and African genomic ancestry, the association of rs566926 reached significant levels only in patients with European ancestry. Multiple interactions were detected between WNT5A rs566926 and BMP4 rs2071047, GREM1 rs16969681 and rs16969862, and FGFR1 rs7829058. Conclusion The WNT5A rs566926 polymorphism was associated with NSCL±P, particularly in individuals with NSCLO and high European ancestry. Epistatic interactions involving WNT5A rs566926 and variants in BMP4, GREM1, and FGFR1 may contribute to the risk of NSCL±P in the Brazilian population.Effects of HMGB1/TLR4 on secretion IL-10 and VEGF in human jaw bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells10.1590/1678-7757-2023-03042024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZKong, JingjingCheng, WeiChang, LianzhenYu, JingyiWang, RonglinXie, Jianli
<em>Kong, Jingjing</em>;
<em>Cheng, Wei</em>;
<em>Chang, Lianzhen</em>;
<em>Yu, Jingyi</em>;
<em>Wang, Ronglin</em>;
<em>Xie, Jianli</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract Objective: We aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway on the expression of IL-10 and VEGF in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Methodology: Human JBMSCs were isolated and cultured. Then, HMGB1 was added into the JBMSCs culture medium, and the protein and mRNA expression levels of IL-10 and VEGF were assessed. Moreover, cells were pretreated with a specific TLR4 inhibitor (TAK-242), and the expression changes of IL-10 and VEGF were compared. Results: Compared with the control group, exposure to HMGB1 in human JBMSCs up-regulated TLR4, IL-10, and VEGF secretion at both protein and mRNA levels (P<0. 05). In addition, the increased expression of IL-10 and VEGF could be restrained in TAK-242 group compared with the HMGB1 group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that HMGB1 activate TLR4 signaling pathway in Human JBMSCs, which plays a regulatory role in cytokines expression.Preventive effects of systemic <i>Pistacia eurycarpa Yalt</i>. administration on alveolar bone loss and oxidative stress in rats with experimental periodontitis10.1590/1678-7757-2023-03442024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZAtalay, MustafaUslu, Mustafa Özayİçen, Mehmet SinaÜremiş, NurayTürköz, Yusuf
<em>Atalay, Mustafa</em>;
<em>Uslu, Mustafa Özay</em>;
<em>İçen, Mehmet Sina</em>;
<em>Üremiş, Nuray</em>;
<em>Türköz, Yusuf</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic administration of P. eurycarpa Yalt. plant extract on alveolar bone loss and oxidative stress biomarkers in gingival tissue in a rat model of experimental periodontitis. Methodology: 32 male Wistar albino rats, weighing 200–250 g, were divided into four groups (n=8): Healthy control (HC), Experimental periodontitis control (EPC), Experimental periodontitis 400 mg/kg (EP400), Experimental periodontitis 800 mg/kg (EP800). Experimental periodontitis was induced using the ligating method. Distilled water was administered to the HC and EPC groups and the plant extract was administered to the EP400 and EP800 groups by oral gavage at doses of 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. The rats were sacrificed on the 15th day. The values of glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismustase (SOD), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) in the gingival tissues were analyzed by ELISA tests. Alveolar bone loss was assessed using micro-CT images of the maxilla. Results: Although the IL-1β, TOS, OSI results of the healthy control group were lower than those of the other groups, the TAS values were higher (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the biochemical parameters among the EPC, EP400, and EP800 groups (p>0.05). Alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced in the extract groups compared to the EPC group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was observed that the systemic P. eurycarpa extract application reduced alveolar bone loss in a rat model of experimental periodontitis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the beneficial effects of P. eurycarpa.Assessment of the osteogenic effect after maxillary sinus floor elevation and simultaneous implantation with or without bone grafts by analyzing trabecular bone parameters: a retrospective study10.1590/1678-7757-2023-04062024-01-02T20:27:30.347000Z2020-08-09T06:48:39.761000ZWang, MohanLi, BeibeiFeng, HailiangYe, QingsongSun, YahuiDuan, XinxiuHe, Jiacai
<em>Wang, Mohan</em>;
<em>Li, Beibei</em>;
<em>Feng, Hailiang</em>;
<em>Ye, Qingsong</em>;
<em>Sun, Yahui</em>;
<em>Duan, Xinxiu</em>;
<em>He, Jiacai</em>;
<br/><br/>
Abstract Objective: The aim of this population-based retrospective study was to compare the osteogenic effect of newly formed bone after maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) and simultaneous implantation with or without bone grafts by quantitatively analyzing trabecular bone parameters. Methodology: A total of 100 patients with missing posterior maxillary teeth who required MSFE and implantation were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: the non-graft group (n=50) and the graft group (n=50). Radiographic parameters were measured using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and the quality of newly formed bone was analyzed by assessing trabecular bone parameters using CTAn (CTAnalyzer, SkyScan, Antwerp, Belgium) software. Results: In the selected regions of interest, the non-graft group showed greater bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), bone surface/total volume (BS/TV), trabecular number (Tb. N), and trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) than the graft group (p<0.001). The non-graft group showed lower trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) than the graft group (p<0.001). The incidence of perforation and bleeding was higher in the graft group than in the non-graft group (p<0.001), but infection did not significantly differ between groups (p>0.05). Compared to the graft group, the non-graft group showed lower postoperative bone height, gained bone height and apical bone height (p<0.001). Conclusion: MSFE with and without bone grafts can significantly improve bone formation. In MSFE, the use of bone grafts hinders the formation of good quality bone, whereas the absence of bone grafts can generate good bone quality and limited bone mass.