The Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) is the official journal of Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Brazilian Academy of Sciences) and has been published with no major interruptions since 1929 (it was termed Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Sciencias from 1917 to 1919, and published irregularly as Revista de Sciencias from 1920 to 1928).

The main objective of the Anais is to publish original research findings in the fields covered by the Academy. The Editorial Board coordinates and evaluates the articles to be published. Volumes are published in March, June, September and December.

The abbreviated title of the journal is An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc., which should be used in bibliographies, footnotes and bibliographical references and strips.

The journal is indexed by:

• Chemical Abstracts Service
• Index Medicus Medline
• Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde, Lilacs
• Bibliography and Index of Geology
• Institut de l' Information Scientifique et Technique (INIST)
• Mathematical Reviews
• Zentralblatt Math
• BIOSIS
• Periodica
• Science Citation Index (ISI)
• ISI Alerting Services
• Current Contents® Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences

All content of the journal, except where identified, is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type BY.

The journal Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências adopted until Jul/2015 the Creative Commons license attribution-type BY-NC. From Aug/2015, the license is the attribution-type BY.

The journal receives financial support from the:

• Programa de Apoio a Publicações Científicas

Alexander W. A. Kellner
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (AABC)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Cláudio Riccomini
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Helton da Costa Santiago
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Igor Luis Kaefer
Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)
Manaus, AM, Brasil

Jailson Bittencourt de Andrade
Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)
Salvador, BA, Brasil

João Antonio Pegas Henriques
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

Juliana Sayão
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)
Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil

Luiz Gustavo Farah Dias
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Marcia Couri
Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UniCamp)
Campinas, SP, Brasil

Yraima Moura Lopes Cordeiro
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

· MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

Aron Simis
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)
Recife, PE, Brasil

Emanuel E.S. Carneiro
ICTP - The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical
Trieste, Italy

Francisco Cribari-Neto
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)
Recife, PE, Brasil

Maria Juliana Gambini
Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires/ITBA
Buenos Aires, Argentina

· PHYSICAL SCIENCES

Alessandro De Angelis
Università di Udine
Udine, Italy

Antônio Gomes de Souza Filho
Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
Fortaleza, CE, Brasil

Eduardo Souza Fraga
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Mário João Martins Pimenta
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particle Physics/ LIP
Lisboa, Portugal

Pham Q. Hung
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A.

Ulisses Barres
Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

· CHEMICAL SCIENCES

Alberdan Silva Santos
Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA)
Belém, PA, Brazil

Gisele Olímpio da Rocha
Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)
Salvador, BA, Brasil

Luiz Drude de Lacerda
Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
Fortaleza, CE, Brasil

Pedro H.C. Camargo
University of Helsinki
Helsinki, Finland

Rogelio Pereda-Miranda
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM)
Cidade do México, Mexico

Wendell Karlos Tomazelli Coltro
Universidade Federal de Goias (UFG)
Goiânia, GO, Brasil

· BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

Andreza Fabro de Bem
Universidade de Brasilia
Brasília, DF, Brasil

Bruno Sarmento
University of Porto
Porto, Portugal

Cleide G. da Silva
Harvard Medical School (HMS)
Boston, MA, USA

Julia Rosauro Clarke
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

Patricia H. Alvarenga
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Rockville, MD, USA

· HEALTH SCIENCES

Carolina Restini
Michigan State University
East Lansing, MI, USA

David Diemert
George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences
Washington, DC, USA

Ricardo A. Pinho
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR)
Curitiba, PR, Brasil

Roger Chammas
Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP)
São Paulo, SP, Brasil

· CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Andrea Cristina Paula Lima
Universidad de Chile
Santiago, Chile

Gilda A. Neves
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
Institut Universitaire du Cancer-Toulouse
Toulouse, France

João Miguel das Neves Duarte
Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University
Lund, Sweden

Lisiane B. Meira
University of Surrey
Surrey, U.K.

Nicolas C. Hoch
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Thiago Motta Venancio
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF)
Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil

· MICROBIOLOGY

Gustavo Henrique Goldman
Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo
Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

Marcello Iacomini
Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR)
Curitiba, PR, Brasil

Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

· ECOSYSTEMS

Clarissa Alves da Rosa
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia
Manaus, AM, Brasil

Gabriel Massaine Moulatlet
Instituto de Ecología (INECOL)
Xalapa, Veracruz, México

Maria del Carmen Coscarón
Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Mirco Solé
Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC)
Ilhéus, BA, Brasil

· GEOSCIENCES

Alcides Nóbrega Sial
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)
Recife, PE, Brasil

Claudio Gaucher
Universidad de la República
Mendoza, Argentina

Jefferson Cardia Simões
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

José Antônio Marengo Orsini
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)
Cachoeira Paulista, SP, Brasil

Luci Cajueiro Carneiro Pereira
Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA)
Bragança, PA, Brasil

· PALEONTOLOGY

Marcelo Leppe
Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Gobierno de Chile
Punta Arena, Chile

Marina Bento Soares
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

· ANIMAL SCIENCE

El Hamidi Hay
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Fort Collins, CO, USA

Fabiana de Andrade Melo Sterza
Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul
Aquidauana, MS, Brazil

Marília Danyelle Nunes Rodrigues
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA)
Belém, PA, Brazil

· CROP SCIENCE

André Freire Cruz
Kyoto Prefectural University
Kyoto, Japan

João Nunes Vieira da Silva
Wageningen University & Research
Wageningen, Netherlands

Pablo Alberto Bolaños-Villegas
Universidad de Costa Rica
Alajuela, Costa Rica

Ricardo Augusto Dante
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)
Campinas, SP, Brasil

· SOIL SCIENCE

Fernando Dini Andreote
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Fernando Zambrosi
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Campinas, SP, Brasil

João Luis Nunes Carvalho
Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM)
Campinas, SP, Brasil

· FORESTRY SCIENCE

Ignacio Javier Díaz-Maroto
University of Santiago de Compostela
Galicia, Spain

· ENGINEERING SCIENCES

Andrea Balbo
University of Ferrara
Ferrara, Italy

Diego Campos Knupp
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Felipe P.J. de Barros
University of Southern California
Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.

Liviu Nicu
Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
Toulouse, France

Rolando Gittens
Institute for Advanced Scientific Research & High Technology Services (INDICASAT-AIP)
Clayton, Panamá

Sebnem Tavnam
Ege University
Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

· SOCIAL SCIENCES

Carmen Rial
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)
Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

Claudia Rodrigues Ferreira de Carvalho
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Ed Noijons
Leiden Universit
Leiden, Netherlands

Grant Lewison
King’s College London
London, U.K.

Mathematical Sciences

H. Blaine Lawson (Stony Brook, NY, USA)

Robert Moussu (Dijon, France)

Physical Sciences

Ian Campbell (Montpellier, France)

Roberto A. Salmeron (Palaiseau, France)

Chemical Sciences

Alejandro J. Arvia (La Plata, Argentina)

Chintamani N. R. Rao (Bangalore, India)

Ponisseril Somasundaran (New York, NY, USA)

Biological Sciences

Ghillean Prance (London, UK)

Biomedical and Medical Sciences

B. Boris Vargaftig (Paris, France)

David C. Spray (New York, NY, USA)

Sergio D. J. Pena (Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil)

Victor Nussenzweig (New York, NY, USA)

Earth Sciences

John G. Maisey (New York, NY, USA)

Norman Herz (Athens, GA, USA)

Umberto G. Cordani (S. Paulo, SP, Brazil)

Engineering Sciences

Luiz Bevilacqua (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil)

Human Sciences

Elisa Maria Conceição Pereira Reis (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil)

Fernando Limongi (S. Paulo, SP, Brasil)

José A. Scheinkman (Princeton, NJ, USA)

Mariza Peirano (Brasilia, D.F.)

The journal Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências from 2012 onwards only considers online submissions. Once you have prepared your manuscript according to the instructions below, please visit the new, improved online submission website at https://mc04.manuscriptcentral.com/aabc-scielo.

Please read these instructions carefully and follow them strictly. In this way you will help ensure that the review and publication of your paper are as efficient and quick as possible. The editors reserve the right to return manuscripts that are not in accordance with these instructions. Papers must be clearly and concisely written in English.

All submitted manuscripts should contain original research not previously published and not under consideration for publication elsewhere. The primary criterion for acceptance is scientific quality. Papers should avoid excessive use of abbreviations or jargon, and should be intelligible to as wide an audience as possible. Particular attention should be paid to the Abstract, Introduction, and Discussion sections, which should clearly draw attention to the novelty and significance of the data reported. Failure to do this may result in delays in publication or rejection of the paper. Articles accepted for publication become property of the journal.

Texts can be published as a review, a full paper (article) or as a short communication. Issues appear in March, June, September and December.

Types of Papers

Reviews

Reviews are published by invitation only and still have to undergo our peer review process. However, a proposal for a Review may be submitted via e-mail to our editorial staff (aabc@abc.org.br). The e-mail should state the topics and authors of the proposed review, as well as the abstract, academy section and the justification why the topic is of particular interest to the field.

The AABC allows authors to deposit preprints of their submission in community preprint servers such as ArXiv.org and bioRxiv.org. However, the authors must updated their entries expressly acknowledging that the article has been accepted/published by AABC.

Letters to the Editor

Letters to the Editor will be subjected to editing and revision and should not contain material that has been submitted or published elsewhere. Letters in reference to an article published by the AABC should not exceed 250 words (excluding references), and must be received within four weeks after online publication of the article. Letters not related to an article published by the AABC should not exceed 500 words (excluding references). A letter can have no more than ten references and one figure or table.

Articles

Whenever possible the articles should be subdivided into the following parts: 1. Front Page; 2. Abstract (written on a separate page, 200 words or less, no abbreviations); 3. Introduction; 4. Materials and Methods; 5. Results; 6. Discussion; 7. Acknowledgments, if applicable; 8. Author Contributions (when the paper has more than one author); 9. References. 10. Figure legends, if applicable. Articles from some areas such as Mathematical Sciences should follow their usual format. In some cases, it may be advisable to omit part (4) and to merge parts (5) and (6). Whenever applicable, the Materials and Methods section should indicate the Ethics Committee that evaluated the procedures for human studies or the norms followed for the maintenance and experimental treatments of animals.

Short communications

Short communications aim to report a concise, but important contribution on research, which has progressed to the stage when it is considered that results should be publicized to other workers in the field. A short communication should also have an Abstract (100 words or less), a short introduction (up to 200 words) and should not exceed 1,500 words. Tables and Figures may be included but the text length should be proportionally reduced. This section of the AABC should contain extremely relevant contributions and competition is very high.

After the first screening, the articles will be evaluated by at least two reviewers, them being from educational and/or national and international research institutions, with proven scientific production. After due corrections and possible suggestions, the paper may be accepted or rejected, considering the reviews received.

We use the integrated Crossref Similarity Check program to detect plagiarism.

There are no APC and submission charges in the AABC.

All parts of the manuscript should be double-spaced throughout. After acceptance, no changes will be made in the manuscript so that proofs require only corrections of typographical errors. The authors should send their manuscript in electronic version only.

Length of manuscript

While papers may be of any length required for the concise presentation and discussion of the data, succinct and carefully prepared papers are favored both in terms of impact as well as in readability. They must not, however, exceed 50 pages, including all items (figures, tables, references, etc…), unless previously agreed with the Editor-in-Chief.

Title page

The title page of the manuscript should present the following items: 1. Title of the article (the title should be up to 150 characters including spaces, and informative to a broad scientific community); do not include abbreviations in the title. 2. Full name(s) of all author(s); use superscript numbers right after each author name to indicate the affiliation; 3. Professional address and ORCid of all authors, including Department and Institution name, street name and number, ZIP/Postal code, City, State and Country; 4. Key words (four to six in alphabetical order separated by commas); 5. Running title (a short version of the title, up to 50 characters including spaces); 6. Academy Section to which the content of the work belongs; 7. Name, address, phone number, e-mail of the correspondent author, including to whom all correspondence and proofs should be sent to (please indicate the corresponding author with an * after the name).

Should any of these requirements not be met, we may unsubmit your paper and ask for corrections.

Abstract

The abstract must contain no more than 200 words and present the main findings of the article, including a brief introduction, the objectives of the work and a conclusion based on the presented findings. If the authors are submitting an invited/authorized review, the abstract must introduce the main theme of the review and explicit the contribution of the revision to the field. References should not be included in the abstract.

Manuscript text

All text should be written in double-space using 12-point Times New Roman or equivalent typeface. Please organize, whenever possible, the text into the following parts: 1. Title Page; 2. Abstract (written on a separate page, 200 words or less, no abbreviations); 3. Introduction; 4. Materials and Methods; 5. Results; 6. Discussion; 7. Acknowledgments, if applicable; 8. Author contributions, when there is more than one author, explaining briefly how each author has contributed for the paper 9. References. 10. Figure and table legends, if applicable.

Articles from some areas such as Mathematical Sciences should follow their usual format. In some cases it may be advisable to omit part (4) and to merge parts (5) and (6). Whenever applicable, the Materials and Methods section should indicate the Ethics Committee that evaluated the procedures for human studies or the norms followed for the maintenance and experimental treatments of animals.

All procedures must be described in detail. Use American English style to write the text. Chemical names should be provided according to IUPAC, and strains of organisms should be specified. Provide names of reagents and/or equipment suppliers. Use units and symbols according to Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (SI) symbols whenever possible.

Acknowledgments

These should be included at the end of the text. Personal acknowledgments should precede those of institutions or agencies. Footnotes should be avoided; when necessary they must be numbered. Acknowledgments to grants and scholarships, and of indebtedness to colleagues as well as mention to the origin of an article (e.g. thesis) should be added to the Acknowledgments section. Include the full name of the funding agency, country, and funded project number (if applicable).

Abbreviations

These should be defined at their first occurrence in the text, except for official, standard abbreviations. Units and their symbols should conform to those approved by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (SI).

Figure Legends

This information must be provided at the end of the manuscript, after the abbreviations. All figures must contain a descriptive legend. The legend must contain an introductory sentence that describes the main findings. All panels (if applicable) must be identified in the figure legend by lower case letters (1a, 2a, 2b, 3c, 3d, etc.). When presenting error bars, please inform if a number that follows the ± sign is a standard error of mean (SEM) or a standard deviation of mean (SD). Or include in the legend if the presented result is representative of N individual experiments.

Tables

Each table should have a brief title above it. Table footnotes should be placed below the table. Tables have to be cited in the paper in Roman numerals (Table I, Table II, Tables IV and V, etc.). Tables must be submitted as separate files in editable format, preferably as *.doc or *docx file.

Figures

Only high-quality figures will be accepted (minimum of 300 dpi). All illustrations will be considered figures including drawings, graphs, maps, photographs, etc. Their tentative placement in the text should be indicated and all figures must be cited with their respective number along the text.  Figures should be sent according to the following specifications: 1. Drawings and illustrations should be in format .PS/.EPS or .CDR (PostScript or Corel Draw) and never be inserted in text; 2. Images or figures in grayscale should be in format .TIF and never be inserted in text; 3. Each figure should be saved and sent in a separate file; 4. Figures should, in principle, be submitted at the size they are to appear in the journal, i.e., 8 cm (one column) or 16.2 cm (two columns) wide, with maximal height for each figure and respective legend smaller than or equal to 22 cm.

The legends to the figures should be sent double-spaced on a separate page. Each linear dimension of the smallest characters and symbols should not be less than 2 mm after reduction. Colored figures are accepted just as much as b/w ones, but up to 5 black and white figures are free of charge, while every colored figure will be charged, due communication will be made in the production phase (after the evaluation process), should the author want them colored as well in the printed version. For the purpose of counting black and white figures, tables occupying two thirds of the page or having more than 12 columns or 24 rows will be considered b/w figures; 5. Manuscripts on Mathematics, Physics or Chemistry may be typesetted in TEX, AMS-TEX or LaTEX; 6. Manuscripts without mathematical formulae may be sent in .RTF or doc/docx for Windows.

References

Authors are responsible for the accuracy of the References. Published articles and those in press may be included. Personal communications (Smith, personal communication) must be authorized in writing by those involved. References to thesis, meeting abstracts (not published in indexed journals) and manuscripts in preparation or submitted, but not yet accepted, should be cited in the text as (Smith et al., unpublished data) and should NOT be included in the list of references.

The references should be cited in the text as, for example, ‘Smith 2004’, ‘Smith & Wesson 2005’ or, for three or more authors, ‘Smith et al. 2006’. Two or more papers by the same author(s) in the same year should be distinguished by letters, e.g. ‘Smith 2004a’, ‘Smith 2004b’ etc. Letters should also distinguish papers by three or more authors with identical first author and year of publication. References should be listed according to the alphabetical order of the first author, always in the order SURNAME XY in which X and Y are initials. If there are more than ten authors, use et al. after the first author.

References must contain the title of the article. Names of the journals should be abbreviated without dots or commas. For the correct abbreviations, refer to lists of the major databases in which the journal is indexed or consult the World List of Scientific Periodicals. The abbreviation to be used for the Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências is An Acad Bras Cienc. The following examples are to be considered as guidelines for the References.

REFERENCES

ALBE-FESSARD D, CONDES-LARA M, SANDERSON P & LEVANTE A. 1984a. Tentative explanation of the special role played by the areas of paleospinothalamic projection in patients with deafferentation pain syndromes. Adv Pain Res Ther 6: 167-182.

ALBE-FESSARD D, SANDERSON P, CONDES-LARA M, DELAND-SHEER E, GIUFFRIDA R & CESARO P. 1984b. Utilisation de la depression envahissante de Leão pour l’étude de relations entre structures centrales. An Acad Bras Cienc 56: 371-383.

KNOWLES RG & MONCADA S. 1994. Nitric oxide synthases in mammals. Biochem J 298: 249-258.

PINTO ID & SANGUINETTI YT. 1984. Mesozoic Ostracode Genus Theriosynoecum Branson, 1936 and validity of related Genera. An Acad Bras Cienc 56: 207-215.

Books and book chapters
DAVIES M. 1947. An outline of the development of Science.Thinker′s Library, n. 120. London: Watts, 214 p.

PREHN RT. 1964. Role of immunity in biology of cancer. In: NATIONAL CANCER CONFERENCE, 5., Philadelphia. Proceedings ... , Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, p. 97-104.

UYTENBOGAARDT W & BURKE EAJ. 1971. Tables for microscopic identification of minerals, 2nd ed., Amsterdam: Elsevier, 430 p.

WOODY RW. 1974. Studies of theoretical circular dichroism of polipeptides: contributions of B-turns. In: BLOUTS ER ET AL. (Eds), Peptides, polypeptides and proteins, New York: J Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, p. 338-350.