Evaluation of antimicrobial action of silver composite microspheres based on styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer

Mandu, Maria Aparecida Larrubia Granado Moreira Rodrigues; Costa, Luciana da Cunha; Tiosso, Rodrigo Bernardes; Grasso, Rômulo Pires; Calderari, Mônica Regina da Costa Marques

doi:10.1590/0104-1428.00219

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Polímeros 29 (4) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.00219 copy

Evaluation of antimicrobial action of silver composite microspheres based on styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This article reports the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of a silver composite based on sulfonic resin. The antimicrobial action of the composite was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus through plate, batch and colunm experiments. In batch studies, the efficiency of the composite was evaluated as a function of composite mass, bacterial concentration and contact time. We also developed a method to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of this composite using column tests. The antimicrobial activity of the composite was similar against the three bacteria in halo inhibition and batch experiments. The antibacterial activity was 100% against all bacteria above 0.20 g of composite and for all concentrations of bacteria studied. Column studies showed that the composite (1 g) had 100% action against 48 cm³ of S. aureus and 55 cm³ of E. coli and P. aeruginosa suspensions (10⁵ cells mL^-1, 50 cm³ min^-1).

Keywords:
biocidal polymers; styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers; sulfonic resins; silver composites

Bacterial strains	Hydration medium	Cultivation medium
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538	Tryptone soy broth	Tryptone soy agar
Escherichia coli ATCC 11229	Tryptone soy broth	Tryptone soy broth
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442	Nutrient broth	Nutrient agar

Materials	S (m² g^-1)^a a S: surface area (BET-ASAP);	Vp (cm³ g^-1)^b b Vp: pore volume (BJH-ASAP);	T onset (°C)^c c thermogravimetric analysis (TGA);	Residue (%)
VPOC1800	3.789	0.02	344	39.2
VPOC1800/Ag	0.038	nd^d d not detected.	463	57.1

Bacteria	Mass (g)	CFU mL^-1					Antimicrobial capacity (%)
Pseudomona aueruginosa	0.05	6.50x10⁴		5.20x10⁴	5.80x10⁴	6.40x10⁴	60
	0.10	1.90x10⁴		1.80x10⁴	1.80x10⁴	1.90x10⁴	88
	0.15	7.40x10³		8.50x10³	6.70x10³	9.80x10³	95
	0.20	1.00		2.00	2.00	4.00	100
	0.40	0.00		0.00	0.00	0.00	100
	0.80	0.00		0.00	0.00	0.00	100

Escherichia coli	0.05	6.80x10⁴	7.00x10⁴		6.67 x10⁴	5.94 x10⁴	55
	0.10	1.80 x10⁴	1.60 x10⁴		1.19 x10⁴	1.63 x10⁴	90
	0.15	8.20 x10³	9.15 x10³		9.60 x10³	1.11 x10⁴	94
	0.20	0.00	0.00		2.00	1.00	100
	0.40	1.00	1.00		2.00	1.00	100
	0.80	0.00	0.00		0.00	0.00	100

Staphilococcus aureus	0.05	8.80x10⁴	7.60x10⁴		6.70x10⁴	8.40x10⁴	47
	0.10	4.40x10⁴	3.00x10⁴		3.00x10⁴	4.30x10⁴	74
	0.15	2.00x10⁴	1.50x10⁴		1.60x10⁴	1.00x10⁴	90
	0.20	2.50x10²	3.80x10²		4.90x10²	1.00	100
	0.40	1.00	3.00		2.00	1.00	100
	0.80	0.00	0.00		0.00	0.00	100

Bacterial	Concentration (CFU mL^-1)	CFU mL^-1				Antimicrobial capacity (%)
Pseudomona aueruginosa	1.50x 10³	0.00	1.00	1.00	0.00	100
	1.50x10⁴	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100
	1.50x 10⁵	1.00	0.00	0.00	1.00	100
	1.50x 10⁶	0.00	0.00	1.00	2.00	100
	1.50x 10⁷	50.00	67.00	30.00	77.00	100

Escherichia coli	1.50x 10³	0.00	1.00	1.00	0.00	100
	1.50x10⁴	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100
	1.50x 10⁵	1.00	0.00	0.00	1.00	100
	1.50x 10⁶	20.00	15.00	17.00	12.00	100
	1.50x 10⁷	100.00	88.00	97.00	77.00	100

Staphilococcus aureus	1.50x 10³	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100
	1.50x10⁴	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100
	1.50x 10⁵	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	100
	1.50x 10⁶	2.00	3.00	1.00	2.00	100
	1.50x 10⁷	200.00	167.00	230.00	177.00	100

Bacteria	Time (sec)	CFU mL^-1				Antimicrobial Capacity (%)
Pseudomona aueruginosa	30	2.00x10⁴	1.00x10⁴	1.20x10⁴	1.00x10⁴	87
	40	2.50x10²	1.20x10²	95.00	80.00	99
	60	2.00	0.00	10.00	0.00	99
	120	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	99
	180	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100

Escherichia coli	30	1.00x10⁴	1.5x10⁴	1.6x10⁴	1x10⁴	87
	40	2.5x10²	3.8x10²	4.9x10²	1	99
	60	50.00	2.00	4.00	1.00	99
	120	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100
	180	0.00	0.00.00	0.00	0.00	100

Staphilococcus aureus	30	2x10⁴	1.5x10⁴	1.6x10⁴	1.00x10⁴	84
	40	2.5x10²	3.8x10²	2.9x10²	1.00x10²	99
	60	1.00	5.00	2.00	1.00	99
	120	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100
	180	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100

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