"Securing our survival (SOS)": non-state actors and the campaign for a nuclear weapons convention through the prism of securitisation theory

Dalaqua, Renata H.

Abstract

This article analyses the security practices of the anti-nuclear movement in the post-Cold War period through the prism of securitisation theory. By exploring Buzan and Wæver's conceptual developments on macrosecuritisations, the practices involved in the struggle against the Bomb are interpreted as securitising moves, in which the anti-nuclear movement is the leading securitiser. In the capacity of securitising actors, nuclear abolition activists argue that nuclear disarmament, under a Nuclear Weapons Convention (NWC), would be the only way to protect humankind from the threat posed by the existence of nuclear weapons. The empirical analysis of these non-state actors and their campaign for a NWC shows that, despite uttering security, the anti-nuclear movement has so far failed to achieve the proposed security measure, that is, nuclear disarmament. Nonetheless, securitisation has been instrumental for these non-state actors as a way of raising an issue on the agenda of decision-makers and urging them to take action.

International Relations; non-state actors; nuclear disarmament; securitisation theory

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BALZACQ, Thierry. (2011b), "Enquiries into methods: a new framework for securitization analysis". In: BALZACQ, Thierry (ed.), Securitization theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve New York: Routledge.
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FAIRCLOUGH, Norman. (1992), Discourse and Social Change Oxford: Polity.
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» link
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Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
21 Feb 2014
Date of issue
2013

History

Received
July 2012
Accepted
May 2013

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ADLER, Emanuel. (1992), "The emergence of cooperation: National epistemic communities and the international evolution of the idea of nuclear arms control". International Organization, vol.46, nº01, pp. 101-45.

[2] ANDREASEN, Steve. (2009), "A Joint Enterprise: Diplomacy to Achieve a World without Nuclear Weapons". Arms Control Today [online] vol. 39 (April). Available at: http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2009_04/Andreasen [Retrieved on 27 June, 2011]

[3] BALZACQ, Thierry. (2005), "The three faces of securitization: Political agency, audience and context". European Journal of International Relations vol. 11, nº 2, p. 171.

[4] BALZACQ, Thierry. (2011a), "A theory of securitization: origins, core assumptions, and variants". In: BALZACQ, Thierry (ed.), Securitization theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve New York: Routledge.

[5] BALZACQ, Thierry. (2011b), "Enquiries into methods: a new framework for securitization analysis". In: BALZACQ, Thierry (ed.), Securitization theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve New York: Routledge.

[6] BURROUGHS, John. (2005), "General and Complete Disarmament". Presentation given on 11 May, 2005 at the 2005 NPT Review Conference. NY [video footage and written statement]. Available at: http://www.un.org/en/conf/npt/2005/statements11may.html [Retrieved 11, July 2011]

[7] BURROUGHS, John. (2009), "The Imperative of Good Faith". Presentation given on 9 May, 2009 at the 2009 Preparatory Committee. NY [written statement]. Available at: http://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/legal/npt/prepcom09/ngostatements/GoodFaith.pdf [Retrieved on 11 July, 2011]

[8] BUZAN, Barry; WAEVER, Ole; WILDE, Jaap de. (1998), Security: A new framework for analysis Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Pub.

[9] BUZAN, Barry and WAEVER, Ole. (2003), Regions and Powers: The structure of international security Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.

[10] BUZAN, Barry and WAEVER, Ole. (2009), "Macrosecuritisation and security constellations: Reconsidering scale in securitisation theory". Review of International Studies ,vol. 35, nº02, pp.253-76.

[11] CABASSO, Jacqueline. (2007), Presentation given on 02 May, 2007 at the 2007 NPT Preparatory Committee. Vienna [audio record and written statement]. Available at: http://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/legal/npt/prepcom07/NGOpres.html [Retrieved on 11 July, 2011]

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[36] RAMDAS, Laxminarayan (2000), "Concluding Remarks". Presentation given on 3 May, 2000 at the 2000 NPT Review Conference, NY [written statement]. Available at: http://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/legal/npt/NGOpres00/55.pdf [Retrieved on 11 July, 2011]

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[38] ROE, Paul. (2008), "Actor, Audience(s) and Emergency Measures: Securitization and the UK's Decision to Invade Iraq", Security Dialogue, vol. 39, nº 6, pp. 615.

[39] SALTER, Mark B. (2008), "Securitization and desecuritization: A dramaturgical analysis of the Canadian air transport security authority". Journal of International Relations and Development vol. 11, nº4, pp.321-49.

[40] SCHULTZ, George; PERRY, William; KISSINGER, Henry; NUNN, Sam. (2008), "Toward a Nuclear Free World", Wall Street Journal, 15 January, 2008.

[41] SCHULTZ, George; PERRY, William; KISSINGER, Henry; NUNN, Sam. (2007), "A World Free of Nuclear Weapons", Wall Street Journal, 4 January, 2007, p. A15.

[42] SNYDER, Susi. (2008), "Recommendations". Presentation given on 29 April, 2008 at the 2008 NPT Preparatory Committee. Geneva [written statement]. Available at: http://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/legal/npt/prepcom08/ngostatements/Recommendations.pdf [Retrieved on 11 July, 2011]

[43] SNYDER, Susi. (2004), "Overview of NGO Presentations". Presentation given on 27 April, 2004 at the 2004 NPT Preparatory Committee. NY [written statement]. Available at: http://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/legal/npt/prepcom04/NGOpres.html [Retrieved on 11 July, 2011]

[44] SPIES, Michael. (2005), "Compliance to Article VI: Nuclear Disarmament". Presentation given on 11 May, 2005 at the 2005 NPT Review Conference. NY [video footage and written statement]. Available at: http://www.un.org/en/conf/npt/2005/statements11may.html [Retrieved 11 July, 2011]

[45] STRITZEL, Holger. (2007), "Towards a theory of securitization: Copenhagen and beyond", European Journal of International Relations vol. 13, nº 3, pp. 357.

[46] THE TREATY on the NON-PROLIFERATION of NUCLEAR WEAPONS (NPT). (1968), Available at: http://www.un.org/en/conf/npt/2010/npttext.shtml [Retrieved on 24 April, 2011]
» link

[47] THE WHITE HOUSE. (2009), Remarks by President Barack Obama. Prague, 5 April 2009. Available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Remarks-By-President-Barack-Obama-In-Prague-As-Delivered/ [Retrieved on 24 April, 2011]

[48] TYSON, Rhianna. (2004), "Contextualizing past, present and future challenges to the NPT regime". Disarmament Forum, nº 4, pp. 57-67.

[49] UN ECONOMIC and SOCIAL COUNCIL. (1996), Resolution adopted by the Economic and Social Council 1996/31. Consultative relationship between the United Nations and non-governmental organizations, 25 July, 1996. Available at: http://www.un.org/documents/ecosoc/res/1996/eres1996-31.htm [Retrieved on 24 April, 2011]

[50] UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY. (1996), Resolution adopted by the General Assembly 51/45. Advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice on the legality of the threat or use of nuclear weapons (A/RES/51/45 M) 10 December, 1996. Available at: http://www.un.org/documents/resga.htm [Retrieved on 7 July, 2011]

[51] UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY. (1997a), Letter dated 31 October 1997 from the Chargé d'affaires a.i. of the Permanent Mission of Costa Rica to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General (A/C. 1 /52 /7), 17 November, 1997.

[52] UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY. (1997b), Resolution adopted by the General Assembly 52/38. ICJ advisory opinion on the legality of the threat or use of nuclear weapons (A/RES/52/38 O) 9 December, 1997. Available at: http://www.un.org/documents/resga.htm [Retrieved on 7 July, 2011]

[53] UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY. (2007), Resolution adopted by the General Assembly 62/39. Follow-up to the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons (A/RES/62/39) 5 December, 2007. Available at: http://www.un.org/documents/resga.htm [Retrieved on 7 July, 2011]

[54] UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY. (2008), Letter dated 17 December, 1997 from the Permanent Representatives of Costa Rica and Malaysia to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General (A/62/650), 18 January, 2008.

[55] VAUGHN, Jocelyn. (2009), "The unlikely securitizer: Humanitarian organizations and the securitization of indistinctiveness". Security Dialogue, vol.40, nº3, pp. 263-85.

[56] VUORI, Juha (2008), "Illocutionary logic and strands of securitization: Applying the theory of securitization to the study of non-democratic political orders". European Journal of International Relations, vol.14, nº1, pp. 65.

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"Securing our survival (SOS)": non-state actors and the campaign for a nuclear weapons convention through the prism of securitisation theory

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