Análise de Comportamento Aplicada e Distúrbios do Espectro do Autismo: revisão de literatura

Applied Behavior Analysis and Autism Spectrum Disorders: literature review

Resumos

OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura envolvendo as propostas de terapia baseada na análise de comportamento aplicada (ABA) dirigida a pessoas portadoras de distúrbios do espectro do autismo (DEA), contribuindo, dessa forma, para uma prática efetivamente baseada em evidências. ESTRATÉGIA DE PESQUISA: As bases de dados Web of Science, Medline, SciELO e Lilacs foram consultadas para o levantamento das referências bibliográficas publicadas nos últimos cinco anos. CRITÉRIOS DE SELEÇÃO: Foram selecionados os artigos publicados em periódicos com revisão por pares. Foram utilizados como critérios de exclusão o idioma, o tipo de artigo, o tema e os artigos repetidos. Essa seleção resultou em 52 artigos, que foram analisados na íntegra. ANÁLISE DOS DADOS: Foram consideradas as informações referentes a autor, periódico e data; título; tema e abordagem; casuística; critérios de inclusão e exclusão e conclusões. RESULTADOS: Os artigos abordam processos de intervenção, revisões de literatura, formação profissional e a contribuição dos pais no processo de intervenção. Apenas quatro artigos relatam a contribuição dos pais na aplicação dos princípios da ABA no ambiente doméstico. Os estudos sobre formação profissional enfatizam a valorização da formação especializada. A maioria das revisões de literatura conclui que os processos de intervenção são controversos, caros e dependentes de fatores externos. Embora artigos que relatam processos de intervenção envolvam 663 participantes, não é possível a realização de meta-análise devido à ausência de critérios de inclusão e caracterização comparáveis. CONCLUSÃO: Não há evidência suficiente para corroborar a preponderância da ABA sobre outras alternativas.

Transtorno autista; Fonoaudiologia; Terapia comportamental; Terapia de linguagem

PURPOSE: Systematic literature review about Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) proposals directed towards persons with Autistic Spectrum Disorders aiming to contribute to a truly evidence-based practice. RESEARCH STRATEGY: References from the last five years were obtained from the Web of Science, Medline, SciELO and Lilacs databases. SELECTION CRITERIA: Papers published in peer-reviewed journals were selected. Exclusion criteria were language, type of paper, theme and repeated papers. This selection resulted in 52 articles that were completely analyzed. DATA ANALYSIS: Information regarding author, journal and date; title; theme and approach; casuistic; inclusion and exclusion criteria and conclusion was considered. RESULTS: The papers refer to intervention processes, literature reviews, professional education, and parents' contributions to the intervention programs. Only four papers report the parents' role in the use of ABA principles at home. Studies about Professional education emphasize the specialized education. Most of the literature review papers conclude that the intervention programs are controversial, expensive and dependent of external variables. Although the articles describing intervention processes include 663 participants, a meta-analysis is not possible due to the lack of comparable inclusion and characterization criteria. CONCLUSION: There is not enough evidence of ABA's preponderance over other alternatives.

Autistic disorder; Speech language and hearing sciences; Behavior therapy; Language therapy

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  Vismara LA, Rogers S. Behavioral treatments in Autism Spectrum Disorder: what do we know? Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2010;6:447-68.
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  Sulzer-Azaroff B, Fleming R, Tupa M, Bass R, Hamad C. Choosing objectives for a distance learning behavioral intervention in autism curriculum. Focus Autism Other Dev Disabl. 2008;23:29-36.
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  Eldevik S, Hastings RP, Jahr E, Hughes JC. Outcomes of behavioral intervention for children with autism in mainstream pre-school settings. J Autism Dev Disord. 2012;42(2):210-20.
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  Kroeger K, Sorensen R. A parent training model for toilet training children with autism. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2010;54(6):556-67.
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  Barbera ML. The experiences of "autism mothers" who become behavior analysts: a qualitative study. J Spe Lang Path Apl Behav Anal. 2009;4(1):56-73.
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  Hayward D, Eikeseth S, Gale C, Morgan S. Assessing progress during treatment for young children with autism receiving intensive behavioral interventions. Autism. 2009;13(6):613-33.
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  Grindle CF, Hastings RP, Saville M, Hughes JC, Huxley K, Kovshoff H, et al. Outcomes of a behavioral education model for children with autism in a mainstream school setting. Behav Modif. 2012;36(3):298-319.
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  Boyd BA, McDonough SG, Bodfish JW. Evidence-based behavioral interventions for repetitive behaviors in autism. J Autism Dev Disord. 2012;42(6):1236-48.
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  Paul R, Campbell D, Gilbert K, Tsiouri I. Comparing spoken language treatments for minimally verbal preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 2013;43(2):418-31.
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  Kasari C, Paparella T, Freeman S, Jahromi L. Language outcome in autism: randomized comparison of joint attention and play interventions. J Consult Clin Psychology. 2008;76(1):125-37.
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  Odom SL, Boyd BA, Hall LJ, Hume K. Evaluation of comprehensive treatment models for individuals with autism spectrum disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 2010;42(2):425-36.
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  Cebula KR. Applied behavior analysis programs for autism: sibling psychosocial adjustment during and following intervention use. J Autism Dev Disord. 2012;42(4):847-62.
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  Reichow B. Overview of meta-analyses on early intensive behavioral intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 2012;42(3):512-20.
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  Haely C, Kenny M, Leader K, O'Connor J. Three years of intensive applied behavior analysis: a case study. J Early Intens Behav Interv. 2008;5(1):4-23.
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  Barnes-Holme D, Murphy C. Establishing derived manding for specific amounts with three children: an attempt at Synthesizing Skinner's Verbal Behavior with relational frame theory. Psychol Rec. 2009;59(1):75-9.
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  Fernell E, Hedvall Å, Westerlund J, Carlsson LH, Eriksson M, Olsson MB, et al. Early intervention in 208 Swedish preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder. A prospective naturalistic study. Res Dev Disabil. 2010;31(3):790-99.
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  Peters-Scheffer H, Didden P, Mulders C, Korzilius H. Low intensity behavioral treatment supplementing preschool services for young children with autism spectrum disorders and severe to mild intellectual disability. Res Dev Disabil. 2010;31(6):1678-84.
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  Gutman G, Greenfield R, Rao P. Effect of a motor-based role-play intervention on the social behaviors of adolescents with high-functioning autism: multiple-baseline single-subject design. Am J Occup Therapy. 2012;66(5):529-38.
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  Reed C, Osborne M. Impact of severity of autism and intervention time-input on child outcomes: comparison across several early interventions. Brit J Spec Educ. 2012;39(3):130-6.
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  Vismara LA, Colombi C, Rogers S. Can one hour per week of therapy lead to lasting changes in Young children with autism? Autism. 2009;13(1):93-115.

Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  19 Jul 2013
• Data do Fascículo
  2013

Histórico

• Recebido
  07 Jun 2013
• Aceito
  12 Jun 2013