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au:SANTOS, CAROLINA MARIANO DOS

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RISCO DE SUICÍDIO ENTRE ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA
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Ferreira, Diego da Silva

; Ferreira, Vladson Gouveia

; Maciel, Nathanael de Souza

; Bernardo, Francisco Mardones dos Santos

; Grimaldi, Monaliza Ribeiro Mariano

; Carvalho, Carolina Maria de Lima

Cogitare Enfermagem

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2023, Volume 28 elocation e84705

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the suicide risk rates in Nursing students from different nationalities in a public university. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted between August and November 2019 in Ceará, Brazil. The students included were those aged at least 18 years old and duly enrolled; the exclusion criteria were as follows: inactive link due to medical leave or course cancellation. The Suicide Risk Index was used for data collection. The following tests were performed: Chi-square; Fisher’s Exact and Mann-Whitney. Results: of the 192 participants, 28.6% did not have religious/spiritual factors susceptible of stopping the suicidal act, 12.5% had a family history of suicide, and 2.6% had suicide plans. An association was detected between gender and suicidal potential risk (p>0.000). There was a difference in the suicidal potential risk in relation to gender (p>0.000), nationality (p>0.000) and marital status (p=0.043). Conclusion: the study contributes to a reflection on suicide, to early detection and to understanding the impacts in the university.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los índices de riesgo de suicidio en estudiantes de Enfermería de distintas nacionalidades en una universidad pública. Método: estudio transversal desarrollado entre agosto y noviembre de 2019 en Ceará, Brasil. Se incluyó a estudiantes con una edad mínima de 18 años y debidamente inscritos en la carrera; los criterios de exclusión fueron los siguientes: vínculo inactivo por licencia médica o cancelación del curso. Se utilizó el Índice de Riesgo de Suicidio para la recolección de datos. Se realizaron las siguientes pruebas: Chi-cuadrado; Prueba exacta de Fisher y Mann-Whitney. Resultados: de los 192 participantes, el 28,6% no presentaba factores religiosos/espirituales susceptibles de detener el acto suicida, el 12,5% tenía antecedentes familiares de suicidio y el 2,6% tenía planes suicidas. Se detectó una asociación entre sexo y riesgo de potencial suicida (p>0,000). Hubo una diferencia en las puntuaciones del riesgo de potencial suicida en relación con el sexo (p>0,000), la nacionalidad (p>0,000) y el estado civil (p=0,043). Conclusión: el estudio contribuye en la reflexión sobre el suicidio, la detección precoz y la comprensión de los efectos en la universidad.

RESUMO: Objetivo: descrever os índices de risco de suicídio em estudantes de enfermagem de diferentes nacionalidades em uma universidade pública. Método: estudo transversal que ocorreu de agosto a novembro de 2019, Ceará - Brasil. Foram incluídos alunos com idade igual ou maior que 18 anos, matriculados, sendo os critérios de exclusão: vínculo inativo por licença médica ou trancamento do curso. Utilizou-se o Índice de Risco de Suicídio para coleta de dados. Realizou-se os testes: Qui-Quadrado; Teste exato de Fisher e Mann-Whitney. Resultados: dos 192 participantes, 28,6% não tinham fatores religiosos/espirituais suscetíveis de frenar o ato suicida, 12,5% possuíam história familiar de suicídio, 2,6% tinham plano suicida. Detectou-se associação entre sexo e risco de potencial suicida (p>0,000). Houve diferença nos escores do risco de potencial suicida em relação ao sexo (p>0,000), nacionalidade (p>0,000) e estado civil (p=0,043). Conclusão: o estudo contribui para reflexão sobre o suicídio, detecção precoce, e compreensão dos impactos na universidade.

https://doi.org/10.1590/ce.v28i0.84705

Recomendaciones para la práctica clínica: hipoglucemia en personas con diabetes mellitus
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Gómez Martín, Carolina

; De Loredo, Santiago

; Forlino, Mariano

; Rodríguez, Adriana

; Re, Matías

; Garrido Santos, Natalia Carolina

; Dimov, Laura

; Apoloni, Susana

; Remon, Javier

; Avila, Pablo Javier

; Fabregues, Sofía

; Pomares, María Laura

; Ruiz, María Lidia

Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Diabetes

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may 2022, Volume 56 Suppl. 1 Pages 53 - 59

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En la hipoglucemia secundaria, el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus (DM) se define ante un valor de glucemia por debajo de 70 mg/dl, pudiendo manifestarse por síntomas autonómicos y neuroglucopénicos, con consecuencias a corto y largo plazo, como el deterioro de las funciones cognitivas y el aumento del riesgo cardiovascular, entre otras. La hipoglucemia en personas con DM1 es más frecuente que en aquellas con DM2. Los factores que incrementan su riesgo son: el retraso en la ingesta de comida, el alcohol, el ejercicio intenso, el ayuno y la neuropatía autonómica. Por otro lado, las hipoglucemias inadvertidas se asocian con un mayor riesgo de hipoglucemia grave. Los niños y adultos mayores son un grupo vulnerable a estos eventos que, en muchos casos, presentan síntomas difíciles de distinguir. A su vez, la hipoglucemia durante el embarazo se asocia con mayor riesgo de complicaciones. Otro grupo importante para detectar estos episodios son los pacientes hospitalizados a fin de disminuir la morbimortalidad asociada a los mismos. La calidad de vida está claramente afectada en los pacientes que sufren episodios de hipoglucemia, por lo cual resulta esencial instaurar estrategias de prevención como la educación, el monitoreo glucémico, realizar modificaciones en la dieta y el ejercicio, y ajustar la medicación. El tratamiento, en caso de no presentar pérdida de conciencia, será por vía oral, de lo contrario, se recurrirá a glucosa endovenosa o glucagón intramuscular.

Abstract Hypoglycemia due to treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined by a blood glucose value below 70 mg/dl, which can manifest itself by autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms, with short- and long-term consequences, such as impaired cognitive functions and increased cardiovascular risk, among others. Hypoglycemia in people with DM1 is more frequent than in those with DM2. Factors that increase its risk are: delayed food intake, alcohol, intense exercise, fasting and autonomic neuropathy. On the other hand, inadvertent hypoglycemia is associated with an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia. Children and older adults are a vulnerable group to these events that, in many cases, present symptoms that are difficult to distinguish. Hypoglycemia during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of complications. Another important group to detect these episodes are hospitalized patients in order to reduce the morbimortality associated with them. Quality of life is clearly affected in patients who suffer episodes of hypoglycemia, so it is essential to implement prevention strategies such as education, glycemic monitoring, dietary and exercise modifications, and medication adjustment.

Child and adolescent victims of sexual violence: aspects of physical and emotional development
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Conceição, Marimeire Morais da

; Whitaker, Maria Carolina Ortiz

; Grimaldi, Monaliza Ribeiro Mariano

; Silva, Luana Lima Pereira da

; Silva, Lucinéia Santos da

; Oliveira, Márcia Maria Carneiro

; Camargo, Climene Laura de

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 75 elocation e20200584

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a percepção da equipe multiprofissional de saúde sobre os aspectos do desenvolvimento físico e emocional de crianças e adolescentes que sofreram violência sexual. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, realizado com 30 profissionais de saúde em hospital da Bahia, Brasil, entre junho e julho de 2019. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevista norteada por questionário semiestruturado. Os resultados foram interpretados conforme o Interacionismo Simbólico. Resultados: algumas crianças violadas sexualmente tinham menos de cinco anos e aspecto saudável, outras portavam deficiências físicas/mentais. Adolescentes vitimizadas estavam em fase pré-púbere, com estrutura corporal frágil, pouco amadurecidas emocionalmente e desconheciam sobre sexualidade. Considerações finais: aspectos físicos e emocionais infantojuvenis vulnerabilizam crianças para a vitimização sexual, pois facilitam o controle e domínio que o agressor necessita ter sobre elas. Como estratégia de proteção, recomenda-se o uso da educação sexual e em saúde atreladas a maior vigilância de familiares, da equipe multiprofissional e educadores.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the multidisciplinary health team’s perception on aspects of the physical and emotional development of children and adolescents who have suffered sexual violence. Methods: a qualitative study, carried out with 30 health professionals in a hospital in Bahia, Brazil, between June and July 2019. Data were collected from an interview guided by a semi-structured questionnaire. The results were interpreted according to Symbolic Interactionism. Results: some sexually violated children were under five years old and healthy, others had physical/mental disabilities. Victimized adolescents were in the pre-pubertal phase, with fragile body structure, not emotionally mature and unaware of sexuality. Final considerations: children’s physical and emotional aspects make children vulnerable to sexual victimization, as they facilitate the control and dominion that offenders need to have over them. As a protection strategy, it is recommended using sexual and health education linked to greater surveillance of family members, multidisciplinary team and educators.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la percepción del equipo multiprofesional de salud sobre aspectos del desarrollo físico y emocional de niños y adolescentes que han sufrido violencia sexual. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, realizado con 30 profesionales de la salud en un hospital de Bahía, Brasil, entre junio y julio de 2019. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de una entrevista guiada por un cuestionario semiestructurado. Los resultados fueron interpretados según la Teoría del Interaccionismo Simbólico. Resultados: algunos niños violados sexualmente tenían menos de cinco años y estaban sanos, otros tenían discapacidades físicas/mentales. Los adolescentes victimizados se encontraban en la fase prepuberal, con una estructura corporal frágil, no madura emocionalmente y desconociendo la sexualidad. Consideraciones finales: los aspectos físicos y emocionales de los niños, niñas y adolescentes hacen que los niños sean vulnerables a la victimización sexual, ya que facilitan el control y dominio que el agresor debe tener sobre ellos. Como estrategia de protección, se recomienda el uso de la educación sexual y en salud ligada a una mayor vigilancia de los familiares, del equipo multidisciplinario y de los educadores.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0584

Gonadal Differentiation During Embryonic and Fetal Development of Male New Zealand Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
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Miranda, Carla Maria Figueiredo de Carvalho

; Leonel, Luciano César Pereira Campos

; Koga, Bruna Andrade Aguiar

; Anunciação, Adriana Raquel de Almeida da

; Mario, Lara Carolina

; Favaron, Phelipe Oliveira

; Martins, Daniele dos Santos

; Vásquez, Bélgica

; Conei, Daniel

; Miglino, Maria Angélica

; del Sol, Mariano

International Journal of Morphology

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oct 2021, Volume 39 N. 5 Pages 1253 - 1263

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: The rabbit is considered an ideal animal model for studies that describe abnormalities in the testicles due to the similar morphogenetic mechanisms of sexual development and diseases commonly found in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the male sexual differentiation of the New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) through development. The gestational age was estimated and classified as 9, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 23 and 28 gestational days. The morphological and sexual determination were performed by histological analysis of the reproductive tract in the embryos and fetuses (9-28 days) as well as by immunohistochemistry- Desert hedgehog-Dhh- (testis-specific protein on Y chromosome- 16, 20, 23 days and adult rabbits). Gonads were observed from the 14th day in an undifferentiated stage and with homogeneous aspect. Sexual differentiation was observed from the 16th day with presence of cells forming gonadal cords and Dhh+ cells in the gonadal parenchyma. From the 18th gestational day testicular cords were observed, which evolved into organized seminiferous tubules. The formation of the efferent ducts and ductus deferens and epididymis was observed on the 20th and 23rd days, respectively. The differentiation of the external genitalia occurred from the 23rd days from the anogenital distance and was identified to identify the penile structures. In summary, the features of the sexual differentiation were determined by observation of the Dhh+ protein in embryos from the 16th day to adulthood, and the morphological particularities observed from the 18th gestational day, determined by differentiation of the external genitalia from the 23rd day.

RESUMEN: El conejo se considera un modelo animal ideal para estudios que describen anomalías a nivel testícular debido a que presenta mecanismos morfogenéticos similares al desa- rrollo sexual y enfermedades que se encuentran comúnmente en los seres humanos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la diferenciación sexual masculina del conejo de Nueva Zelanda (Oryctolagus cuniculus) a través del desarrollo. La edad gestacional se estimó y clasificó en 9, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 23 y 28 días gestacionales. La determinación morfológica y sexual se realizó mediante análisis histológico del tracto reproductivo en los embriones y fetos (9 - 28 días) así como mediante inmunohistoquímica -Desert hedgehog-Dhh- (proteína testicular específica en el cromosoma Y- 16, 20, 23 días y conejos adultos). Las gónadas se observaron a partir del día 14 en un estadio indiferenciado y con aspecto homogéneo. Se observó diferenciación sexual a partir del día 16 con presencia de células formadoras de cordones gonadales y células Dhh+ en el parénquima gonadal. A partir del día 18 de gestación se observaron cordones testiculares, que evolucionaron a túbulos seminíferos organizados. La formación de los conductos eferentes, deferentes y del epidídimo se observó a los 20 y 23 días, respectivamente. La diferenciación de los genitales externos ocurrió a partir del día 23 desde la distancia anogenital y se utilizó para identificar las estructuras del pene. En conclusión, las características de la diferenciación sexual se determinaron mediante la observación de la proteína Dhh en embriones desde el día 16 hasta la edad adulta, y las particularidades morfológicas observadas a partir del día 18 de gestación, determinadas por diferenciación de los genitales externos a partir del día 23.

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Guía de práctica clínica para el tamizaje, diagnóstico y tratamiento inicial de cáncer de próstata localizado y localmente avanzado en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud)
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Cuentas-Jara, Mariano

; Goicochea-Lugo, Sergio

; Delgado-Flores, Carolina J.

; Romero-Robles, Milton A.

; Taype-Rondan, Alvaro

; Cordier-Mariaca, Abel

; Velarde-Ponce, Alberto

; Romero-Pineda, Atilio

; Livano-Yberico, Teofilo

; Cuevas-Muñoz, Nelson

; Broncano-Huasasquiche, Oswaldo

; Salvador-Salvador, Stefany

; Santos-Sánchez, Vladimir

; Carrera-Acosta, Lourdes

; Garavito-Farro, Héctor

Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo

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apr 2021, Volume 14 N. 2 Pages 195 - 206

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Background: This article summarizes the clinical practice guide (CPG) for the screening, diagnosis, and initial treatment of localized and locally advanced prostate cancer in the Social Security of Peru (EsSalud). Objective: To provide evidence- based clinical recommendations for the screening, diagnosis, and initial treatment of adults with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer in EsSalud. Methods: A guideline development group (GDG) was formed, which included specialist physicians and methodologists, who formulated clinical questions. Systematic searches of systematic reviews were conducted and - when deemed relevant - primary studies in PubMed during 2020 and 2021. Evidence was selected to answer each of the proposed clinical questions. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In periodic working meetings, the GEG used the GRADE methodology to review the evidence and formulate recommendations. The CPG was reviewed by external experts before its approval. Results: The CPG addressed 06 clinical questions, divided into 03 topics: screening, diagnosis, and initial treatment. Based on these questions, 08 recommendations were formulated (04 strong and 04 conditional), 10 points of good clinical practice, and 04 flow charts. Conclusion: Evidence-based recommendations were issued for the management of patients with this pathology.

RESUMEN Introducción: El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el tamizaje, diagnóstico, y tratamiento inicial del cáncer de próstata localizado y localmente avanzado en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Objetivo: Proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para el tamizaje, diagnóstico, tratamiento inicial de adultos con cáncer de próstata localizado y localmente avanzado en Essalud. Material y Métodos: Se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó médicos especialistas y metodólogos, el cual formuló preguntas clínicas. Se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas de revisiones sistemáticas y -cuando fue considerado pertinente- estudios primarios en PubMed durante el 2020 y 2021. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder cada una de las preguntas clínicas planteadas. Se evaluó la certeza de evidencia usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones de trabajo periódicas, el GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y formular las recomendaciones. La GPC fue revisada por expertos externos antes de su aprobación. Resultados: La GPC abordó 06 preguntas clínicas, divididas en 03 temas: tamizaje, diagnóstico, y tratamiento inicial. En base a dichas preguntas se formularon 08 recomendaciones (04 fuertes y 04 condicionales), 10 puntos de buena práctica clínica, y 04 flujogramas. Conclusión: Se emitieron recomendaciones basadas en evidencia para el manejo de pacientes con esta patología.

https://doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2021.142.1063

Implications for Clinical Practice from a Multicenter Survey of Heart Failure Management Centers
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Bocchi, Edimar Alcides

; Moreira, Henrique Turin

; Nakamuta, Juliana Sanajotti

; Simões, Marcus Vinicius

; Casas, Alberto de Almeida Las

; Costa, Altamiro Reis da

; Assis, Amberson Vieira de

; Durães, André Rodrigues

; Pereira-Barretto, Antonio Carlos

; Ravessa, Antonio Delduque de Araujo

; Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli

; Biselli, Bruno

; Pinto, Carolina Maria Nogueira

; Filho, Conrado Roberto Hoffmann

; Costantini, Costantino Roberto

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Santos Jr, Edval Gomes dos

; Soliva Junior, Erwin

; Figueiredo, Estevão Lanna

; Albuquerque, Felipe Neves de

; Paulitsch, Felipe

; Neuenschwander, Fernando Carvalho

; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de

; Brito, Flavio de Souza

; Lopes, Heno Ferreira

; Villacorta, Humberto

; Souza Neto, João David de

; Sepulveda, João Mariano

; Ayoub, José Carlos Aidar

; Vilela-Martin, José F.

; Cardoso, Juliano Novaes

; Uemura, Laercio

; Moura, Lidia Zytynski

; Maia, Lilia Nigro

; Oliveira, Lucia Brandão de

; Maia, Lucimir

; Silva, Luís Beck da

; Gowdak, Luís Henrique Wolff

; Danzmann, Luiz Claudio

; Andrade, Marcus

; Braile-Sternieri, Maria Christiane Valeria Braga

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; França Neto, Olimpio R

; Filho, Otavio Rizzi Coelho

; Esteves, Paulo Frederico

; Raupp-da-Rosa, Priscila

; Silva, Ricardo Jorge de Queiroz e

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

; Viégas, Ruy Felipe Melo

; Rassi, Salvador

; Mangili, Sandrigo

; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel

; Martins, Silvia Marinho

; Kawabata, Vitor Sergio

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e1991

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: This observational, cross-sectional study based aimed to test whether heart failure (HF)-disease management program (DMP) components are influencing care and clinical decision-making in Brazil. METHODS: The survey respondents were cardiologists recommended by experts in the field and invited to participate in the survey via printed form or email. The survey consisted of 29 questions addressing site demographics, public versus private infrastructure, HF baseline data of patients, clinical management of HF, performance indicators, and perceptions about HF treatment. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 98 centers (58% public and 42% private practice) distributed across Brazil. Public HF-DMPs compared to private HF-DMP were associated with a higher percentage of HF-DMP-dedicated services (79% vs 24%; OR: 12, 95% CI: 94-34), multidisciplinary HF (MHF)-DMP [84% vs 65%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-8), HF educational programs (49% vs 18%; OR: 4; 95% CI: 1-2), written instructions before hospital discharge (83% vs 76%; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0-5), rehabilitation (69% vs 39%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), monitoring (44% vs 29%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-5), guideline-directed medical therapy-HF use (94% vs 85%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15), and less B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) dosage (73% vs 88%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), and key performance indicators (37% vs 60%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-7). In comparison to non- MHF-DMP, MHF-DMP was associated with more educational initiatives (42% vs 6%; OR: 12; 95% CI: 1-97), written instructions (83% vs 68%; OR: 2: 95% CI: 1-7), rehabilitation (69% vs 17%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 3-44), monitoring (47% vs 6%; OR: 14; 95% CI: 2-115), GDMT-HF (92% vs 83%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15). In addition, there were less use of BNP as a biomarker (70% vs 84%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-8) and key performance indicators (35% vs 51%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 91,6) in the non-MHF group. Physicians considered changing or introducing new medications mostly when patients were hospitalized or when observing worsening disease and/or symptoms. Adherence to drug treatment and non-drug treatment factors were the greatest medical problems associated with HF treatment. CONCLUSION: HF-DMPs are highly heterogeneous. New strategies for HF care should consider the present study highlights and clinical decision-making processes to improve HF patient care.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e1991 870 downloads

Sexual Determination and Differentiation During Embryonic and Fetal Development of New Zealand Rabbit Females
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Mario, Lara Carolina

; Borghesi, Jéssica

; da-Anunciação, Adriana Raquel de Almeida

; Miranda, Carla Maria de Carvalho Figueiredo

; dos-Santos, Amilton César

; Favaron, Phelipe Oliveira

; dos-Santos, Daniela Martins

; Conei, Daniel

; Vásquez, Bélgica

; del Sol, Mariano

; Miglino, Maria Angélica

International Journal of Morphology

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jun 2018, Volume 36 N. 2 Pages 677 - 686

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: The aim of this study was to know the embryonic and fetal development of the female rabbit genital system (Oryctolagus cuniculus), describing its main phases and the moment of sexual differentiation. Eleven pregnant New Zealand female rabbits were used in different gestational phases. The day of coitus was determined as day 0. For each stage a minimum of two animals was considered. The samples were obtained every two days from the ninth day post-coitus (dpc) until the 28th dpc. The gestational period was divided in two: animals with undifferentiated sex (group 1) and animals with differentiated sex (group 2). The ages of embryos and fetuses were estimated through the crown-rump method. Subsequently, embryos and fetuses were dissected, fixed and processed to be embedded in paraffin (Histosec). The histological analysis was performed on sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemical analysis to determine sexual differentiation was performed on samples from the 16th, 18th and 28th dpc. Desert Hedgehog (Dhh) and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) primary antibodies, respectively, were used to identify cells of the male and female germinal epithelium. The immunohistochemical results showed that at the 16th dpc, female sexual differentiation was evident, since positive expression of the Ihh protein was observed. Sexual differentiation was obtained through histological analysis on the 18th dpc and through anatomical observation of the external genitalia on the 24th dpc. Knowing the characteristics of the embryonic and fetal development of the female rabbit genital system as well as the moment of sexual differentiation make it possible to establish bases for future research that address the physiology and pathology of these organs. Thus, any alteration in the chain of events of sexual determination and differentiation must search for an explanation from the knowledge of the possible normal mechanisms affected.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer el desarrollo embrionario y fetal del sistema genital femenino de conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus), describiendo sus principales fases y el momento de la diferenciación sexual. Se utilizaron 11 conejos hembras gestantes neozelandesas, en diferentes fases gestacionales. El día del coito se determinó como día 0. Para cada etapa fue considerado un mínimos de dos animales. Las muestras fueron obtenidas cada dos días, a partir del noveno día post-coito (dpc) hasta el 28 dpc. El periodo gestacional fue dividido en dos: animales con sexo indiferenciado (grupo 1) y, animales con sexo diferenciado (grupo 2). Las edades de los embriones y los fetos fueron estimadas a través del método de crown-rump. Posteriormente, embriones y fetos fueron disecados, fijados y procesados para su inclusión en parafina (Histosec). El análisis histológico se realizó en secciones teñidas con Hematoxilina y Eosina. El análisis inmunohistoquímico para determinar la diferenciación sexual fue realizado en muestras de 16, 18 y 28 dpc. Para identificar células del epitelio germinativo masculino y feminino se utilizaron los anticuerpos primarios Desert Hedgehog (Dhh) e Indian Hedgehog (Ihh), respectivamente. Los resultados inmunohistoquímicos mostraron que a los 16 dpc se evidenció diferenciación sexual femenina, ya que se observó expresión positiva de la proteína Ihh. La diferenciación sexual, a través del análisis histológico fue obtenida a los 18 dpc y a través de la observación anatómica de los genitales externos a los 24 dpc. Conocer las características del desarrollo embrionario y fetal del sistema genital femenino de conejo, así como, el momento de la diferenciación sexual, permiten sentar bases para futuras investigaciones que aborden la fisiología y patología de estos órganos. Así, cualquier alteración en la cadena de eventos de la determinación y diferenciación sexual deberá buscar una explicación a partir del conocimiento de los posibles mecanismos normales afectados.

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Eficacia de la Ecografia preoperatoria para orientar la cánula de colecistoscopia. Estudio en cerdos
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Pomilio Di Loreto, Franco N.

; Hrdalo, Juan C.

; Belá, Myriam G.

; Schiaf, Ariel L.

; Santos, Carolina A.

; Serrano, Mariano R.

; Lardino, Gisela V.

; Magniesi, Silvia S.

; Baracco, Pamela A.

Revista argentina de cirugía

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mar 2018, Volume 110 N. 1 Pages 1 - 10

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: the Cholecystoscopic Cholecystosclerosis is a single session procedure, under enhancing process, which pursues a definitive Gallbladder eliminaton by means of stone removal and mucous membrane ablaton through Operatory Cholecystoscopy, under local-regional anesthesia, and requires the inserton of a Cholecistoscopy Cannula from the abdominal wall toward the gallbladder fundus. Objective: to assess the efectiveness of the Preoperative Sonography when it comes to finding the right place for the Cholecystoscopy Cannula inserton. It is important to achieve the Cholecystoscopy Cannula being introduced in a way that its axis matiches the Gallbladder´s axis, in order to provide a suitable passage for instruments between the Cannula and the Gallbladder´s lumen. Material and Method: preoperative sonography was planned to be performed in a series of surgical interventons on pigs, in order to determine the positon of the gallbladder in its three spatal dimen-sions, allowing a virtual projecton of the organ´s axis toward the abdominal wall, thus pointing to the most suitable place for the Cholecystoscopy Cannula inserton. Results: fve procedures were performed as planned, the Cholecystoscopy Cannula rapidly reached the gallbladder fundus and coincidence between cannula axis and gallbladder axis was achieved in all the cases. Conclusions: preoperative sonography seems to be very eficient for choosing the right place for Cholecystoscopy Cannula inserton accordingly to this experience.

Antecedentes: la colecistoesclerosis colecistoscópica es un procedimiento de sesión única en etapa de perfeccionamiento, diseñado para lograr la eliminación definitiva de la vesícula biliar con anestesia locorregional. Comprende la remoción de litos y eliminación de epitelio vesicular vía colecistoscópica, para lo cual requiere la colocación de una cánula de colecistoscopia desde la pared abdominal hasta el fondo vesicular. Objetivo: evaluar si la Ecografia preoperatoria es eficaz para definir el lugar donde debe realizarse el ojal de pared, para que permita a la cánula llegar al fondo vesicular, de manera que el eje de la cánula y el eje de la vesícula coincidan, y que el acceso de instrumental a la luz vesicular sea fuido. Material y métodos: se planificó utlizar Ecografia preoperatoria en una serie de operaciones en cerdos, para definir la posición de la vesícula con respecto a las tres dimensiones del espacio, y prolongar en forma virtual el eje del órgano hacia la pared abdominal e identificar el lugar adecuado para confeccionar el ojal de pared. Resultados: se realizó una serie de 5 operaciones de acuerdo con lo planificado; se logró acceder rápidamente con la cánula de colecistoscopia al fondo vesicular y se constató que el eje de la cánula y el eje de la vesícula coincidieron en todos los casos. Conclusiones: la experiencia ofrece un frme indicio de que la Ecografia preoperatoria es muy eficaz para definir el lugar adecuado en la pared abdominal para colocar la cánula de colecistoscopia.

215 downloads

Humoral immune response to measles and varicella vaccination in former very low birth weight preterm infants
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Ferreira, Carolina Schlindwein Mariano

; Perin, Maria Cristina Abrão Aued

; Moraes-Pinto, Maria Isabel de

; Simão-Gurge, Raquel Maria

; Goulart, Ana Lucia

; Weckx, Lily Yin

; dos Santos, Amélia Miyashiro Nunes

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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jan 2018, Volume 22 N. 1 Pages 41 - 46

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: Immune response to vaccination in infants born prematurely may be lower than in infants born at full-term. Some clinical factors might be associated with humoral immune response. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare the immune response to measles and varicella vaccination in infants born prematurely with those born at full-term and to analyze factors associated with measles and varicella antibody levels. Methods: Prospective study including two groups of infants aged 12 months. One group of infants born prematurely with birth-weight <1500 g and who were in follow-up at the outpatient clinic for preterm infants at the institution and other group of infants born at full-term. Infants with malformations, primary immunodeficiency diseases, born to HIV-positive mothers or who had received plasma or immunoglobulin transfusions five months before or three weeks after vaccination were excluded. Plasma antibodies were measured by ELISA and factors associated with antibody levels were assessed by linear regression. Results: Sixty-five premature and 56 full-term infants were included. The percentage of immune individuals after vaccination against measles (100% vs. 100%) and varicella (92.5% vs. 93.2%) were similar in both groups, as well as the antibody levels against measles (2.393 vs. 2.412 UI/mL; p = 0.970) and varicella (0.551 vs. 0.399 UI/mL; p = 0.114). Use of antenatal corticosteroids decreased measles antibody levels whereas breastfeeding for more than six months increased varicella antibody levels. Conclusions: Humoral responses to measles and varicella were similar between infants born prematurely and full-term infants. Measles antibody levels were negatively associated with antenatal corticosteroid use; varicella antibodies were positively associated with prolonged breastfeeding.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.12.001 529 downloads

10.

Costs of topical treatment of pressure ulcer patients
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Andrade, Cynthia Carolina Duarte

; Almeida, Cláudia Fernanda dos Santos Calixto de

; Pereira, Walkíria Euzébio

; Alemão, Márcia Mascarenhas

; Brandão, Cristina Mariano Ruas

; Borges, Eline Lima

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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apr 2016, Volume 50 N. 2 Pages 295 - 301

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

Abstract OBJECTIVE To evaluate the costs of a topical treatment of pressure ulcer (PU) patients in a hospital unit for treatment of chronic patients in 2014. METHOD This is an activity-based costing study. This method encompasses the identification, measurement and pricing of physical and human resources consumed for dressings. RESULTS Procedure costs varied between BRL 16.41 and BRL 260.18. For PUs of the same category, of near areas and with the same type of barrier/adjuvant, the cost varied between 3.5% and 614.6%. For most dressings, the cost increased proportionally to the increase of the area and to the development of PU category. The primary barrier accounted for a high percentage of costs among all items required to the application of dressings (human and material resources). Dressings applied in sacral PUs had longer application times. CONCLUSION This study allowed us to understand the costs involved in the treatment of PUs, and it may support decision-makers and other cost-effectiveness studies.

Resumen OBJETIVO Llevar a cabo una evaluación del costo del tratamiento tópico de pacientes con úlceras por presión (UP), en una unidad hospitalaria de atención a pacientes crónicos en el año de 2014. MÉTODO Se trata de un estudio de costos basado en el Sistema de pago Basado en Actividades. Este método contempla la identificación, mensuración y precificación de los recursos físicos y humanos consumidos para la realización de apósitos. RESULTADOS Los costos de los procedimientos variaron de R$16,41 a R$260,18. Para UP de misma categoría, de áreas aproximadas y mismo tipo de cobertura/adyuvante, la variación entre los costos fue del 3,5% al 614,6%. Para la mayoría de los apósitos, el costo aumentó proporcionalmente al aumento del área y la progresión de la categoría de las UP. La cobertura primaria representó elevado porcentual en los costos entre todos los elementos necesarios para realizar los apósitos (recursos humanos y materiales). Los apósitos realizados en las UP sobre el sacro fueron los que presentaron mayores tiempos para ejecución. CONCLUSIÓN Este estudio permitió conocer los costos involucrados en el tratamiento de las UP y puede proporcionar subsidios para los tomadores de decisión, así como para la realización de estudios de costo-efectividad.

Resumo OBJETIVO Realizar uma avaliação do custo do tratamento tópico de pacientes com úlceras por pressão (UP), em uma unidade hospitalar de atendimento a pacientes crônicos no ano de 2014. MÉTODO Trata-se de um estudo de custos baseado no Sistema de custeio Baseado em Atividades. Este método contempla a identificação, mensuração e precificação dos recursos físicos e humanos consumidos para a realização de curativos. RESULTADOS Os custos dos procedimentos variaram de R$16,41 a R$260,18. Para UP de mesma categoria, de áreas aproximadas e mesmo tipo de cobertura/adjuvante, a variação entre os custos foi de 3,5% a 614,6%. Para a maioria dos curativos, o custo aumentou proporcionalmente ao aumento da área e à progressão da categoria das UP. A cobertura primária representou elevado percentual nos custos entre todos os itens necessários para realizar os curativos (recursos humanos e materiais). Os curativos realizados nas UP sacrais foram os que apresentaram maiores tempos para execução. CONCLUSÃO Este estudo permitiu conhecer os custos envolvidos no tratamento das UP e pode fornecer subsídios para os tomadores de decisão, assim como para a realização de estudos de custo-efetividade.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420160000200016 3 downloads

11.

Costs of topical treatment of pressure ulcer patients
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Andrade, Cynthia Carolina Duarte

; Almeida, Cláudia Fernanda dos Santos Calixto de

; Pereira, Walkíria Euzébio

; Alemão, Márcia Mascarenhas

; Brandão, Cristina Mariano Ruas

; Borges, Eline Lima

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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apr 2016, Volume 50 N. 2 Pages 295 - 301

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420160000200016 8008 downloads

12.

O efeito do laser de baixa energia no crescimento bacteriano "in vitro"
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Coutinho, Fernando

; Giordano, Vincenzo

; Santos, Carolina Mariano dos

; Carneiro, Abel Ferreira

; Amaral, Ney Pecegueiro do

; Touma, Maria Cristina

; Giordano, Marcos

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

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aug 2007, Volume 42 N. 8 Pages 248 - 253

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Avaliar, por meio de estudo bacteriológico in vitro, o efeito de dois tipos de laser de baixa energia (LBE) sobre diferentes populações bacterianas habitualmente presentes em feridas pós-traumáticas. MÉTODOS: Foram colhidos swabs diretamente do sítio de infecção de pacientes internados com osteomielite pós-traumática crônica. As bactérias isoladas foram Acinetobacter baumanii complex, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonela sp, Serratia sp e Staphylococcus aureus. O material coletado foi semeado em meio ágar-sangue, através de alça estéril, utilizando-se 30 placas de Petri para cada germe. Foram utilizados dois aparelhos de LBE: Ibramed Laser Pulse #01189, com 15W/904nm por 200 segundos, e Phisiolux dual Bioset #9909001, com 20W/904nm por 230 segundos. Nos grupos I (n = 10) e II (n = 10), as bactérias sofreram irradiação pelo laser. O grupo III (n = 10) serviu de controle, não sendo irradiado. As bactérias dos grupos I e II foram irradiadas em câmara de fluxo laminar, previamente esterilizada por raio ultravioleta. O laser foi administrado de forma direta, central e perpendicularmente à superfície de cultivo das bactérias, com distância-padrão de 1cm, através de orifício confeccionado na tampa das placas. O crescimento bacteriano foi analisado após 12 e 24 horas da irradiação. Os resultados foram processados estatisticamente, utilizando-se o teste não-paramétrico de Kruskall-Wallis, com nível de significância p < 5%. RESULTADOS: Observou-se comportamento similar entre as populações bacterianas nos três grupos experimentais após 12 e 24 horas da irradiação com os dois tipos de LBE, não havendo diferença estatisticamente significante no crescimento bacteriano entre os grupos I e II e entre estes e o grupo III (controle). CONCLUSÃO: O efeito do LBE, nas condições estudadas, mostrou-se inócuo quanto ao aumento do número de unidades formadoras de colônias bacterianas, nas doses utilizadas nesta pesquisa, como medida adjuvante no processo de cicatrização de feridas, mesmo na vigência de contaminação pelas bactérias avaliadas.

OBJECTIVE: To perform an in vitro bacteriologic study to evaluate the effect of two types of low level laser (LLL) on different bacterial populations usually present in post-traumatic wounds. METHODS: Swabs were prepared directly at the infection site of patients hospitalized with chronic post-traumatic osteomyelitis. Isolated bacteria were Acinetobacter baumanii complex, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonela sp, Serratia sp, and Staphylococcus aureus. The material collected was seeded in agar-blood medium with a sterile loop, using 30 Petri dishes for each germ. Two LLL devices were used: Ibramed Laser Pulse #01189, with 15W/904nm for 200 seconds, and Phisiolux dual Bioset #9909001, with 20W/904nm for 230 seconds. In groups I (n = 10) and II (n = 10), bacteria were irradiated with laser. Group III (n = 10) was the control group and was not irradiated. Bacteria in groups I and II were submitted to radiation in a laminar flow chamber that was previously sterilized with UV rays, and the laser was directly, centrally, and perpendicularly applied to the bacteria cultivation surface, from a standard distance of one centimeter, through an orifice made in the lid of the dishes. Bacterial growth was analyzed 12 and 24 hours after the irradiation. Results were statistically processed using the non-parametric test of Kruskall-Wallis, with a significance level p < 5%. RESULTS: A similar behavior was seen in the bacterial population of the three groups studied after 12 and 24 hours of irradiation with the two types of LLL, and there was no statistically significant difference in the bacterial growth between groups I and II and between these two groups and group III (control). CONCLUSION: In the conditions of this study, the effect of LLL showed to be innocuous for the increase in the number of units forming bacterial colonies, in the doses used in this study, as an adjuvant for the wound healing process, even under contamination by the bacteria being evaluated.

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