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RESUMO O rabanete e a alface são duas hortaliças que podem ser consorciadas, porque são culturas companheiras que se complementam. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar retornos agro-bioeconômicos advindos do consórcio rabanete-alface em diversas quantidades equitativas de biomassa de jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) e flor-de-seda (Calotropis procera) em diferentes densidades populacionais de alface, em ambiente semiárido. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 4 × 4, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator consistiu em quantidades equitativas de biomassa de M. aegyptia e C. procera nas doses de 20, 35, 50 e 65 Mg ha-1 em base seca. O segundo fator compreendeu quatro densidades populacionais de alface de 150, 200, 250 e 300 mil plantas ha-1. As cultivares de alface e rabanete plantadas foram ‘Tainá’ e ‘Crimson Gigante’, respectivamente. Retornos agro-bioeconômicos expressivos deste consórcio de rabanete-alface foram obtidos na razão equivalente de terra (RET) de 2,25, escore da variável canônica Z de 3,00 e na renda liquida (RL) de 52.270,48 R$ ha-1, respectivamente, na quantidade de biomassa de 65 Mg ha-1 dos adubos verdes e densidade populacional de alface de 300 mil plantas ha-1. Além disso, registrou-se também um índice de eficiência produtiva (IEP) de 0,96 e uma razão competitiva (RC) de 2,61 na quantidade de biomassa dos adubos de 65 Mg ha-1 e densidade de alface de 150 mil plantas ha-1. A utilização de biomassa de M. aegyptia e C. procera do bioma Caatinga, mostrou-se uma tecnologia viável para produtores que praticam o cultivo de rabanete e alface em consórcio em ambiente semiárido.

ABSTRACT Radish and lettuce are two crop vegetables that can be intercropped because they are companion cultures that complement each other. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate agro-bioeconomic returns arising from radish-lettuce intercropping in different equitable amounts of hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia) and roostertree (Calotropis procera) biomass at different population densities of lettuce, in the semi-arid environment. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with treatments arranged in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme with four replicates. The first factor consisted of equitable amounts of M. aegyptia and C. procera biomass at doses of 20, 35, 50, and 65 Mg ha-1 on a dry basis. The second factor comprised four lettuce population densities of 150, 200, 250, and 300 thousand plants ha-1. The lettuce and radish cultivars planted were ‘Tainá’ and ‘Crimson Gigante’, respectively. Expressive agro-bioeconomic returns from this radish-lettuce intercropping were obtained in the land equivalent ratio (LER) of 2.25, a score of the canonical variable Z of 3.00, net income (NI) of 52,270.48 R$ ha-1, respectively, in the biomass amount of 65 Mg ha-1 of the green manures and lettuce population density of 300 thousand plants ha-1. Also, there was a productive efficiency index (PEI) of 0.96 and a competitive ratio (CR) of 2.61 in the biomass amount of green manure of 65 Mg ha-1 and lettuce density of 150 thousand plants ha-1. Using M. aegyptia and C. procera biomass from the Caatinga biome proved to be a viable technology for producers who practice the cultivation of radish and lettuce in intercropping in the semi-arid environment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p121-131

Antifungal activity of terpenes isolated from the Brazilian Caatinga: a review Caatinga
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Barros, D. B.

; Nascimento, N. S.

; Sousa, A. P.

; Barros, A. V.

; Borges, Y. W. B.

; Silva, W. M. N.

; Motta, A. B. S.

; Pinto, J. E. L.

; Sampaio, M. G. V.

; Barbosa, M. F. S.

; Fonseca, M. C.

; Silva, L. A.

; Lima, L. O.

; Borges, M. G. S. A.

; Oliveira, M. B. M.

; Correia, M. T. S.

; Castellano, L. R. C.

; Guerra, F. Q. S.

; Silva, M. V.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e270966

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os terpenóides, também chamados terpenos ou isoprenóides, são uma família de produtos naturais encontrados em todos os organismos vivos. Muitas plantas são produtoras destes metabolitos secundários, que constituem uma grande parte dos óleos essenciais. Uma das características mais importantes é que os compostos são voláteis, têm odor e podem ser utilizados numa variedade de aplicações em diferentes segmentos industriais ou na medicina tradicional. O Brasil tem uma flora rica e diversificada que pode ser utilizada como fonte de pesquisa para a obtenção de novas moléculas. Dentro desta flora, vale a pena mencionar a Caatinga como um bioma exclusivamente brasileiro que possui plantas adaptadas a uma série de condições climáticas e, portanto, um armazém de compostos a serem descritos. As infecções fúngicas são doenças cada vez mais comuns, devido a isso existe uma grande procura de novos agentes com baixa toxicidade e efeitos secundários. Os cientistas devem procurar novas moléculas que exibam atividade antifúngica para o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos contra as infecções fúngicas. Esta revisão visa analisar dados científicos dos principais estudos publicados que descrevem o uso de terpenóides e as suas aplicações biológicas como antifúngicos. isoprenóides vivos secundários essenciais voláteis tradicional portanto descritos comuns antifúngicos

Abstract Terpenoids, also named terpenes or isoprenoids, are a family of natural products found in all living organisms. Many plants produce terpenoids as secondary metabolites, and these make up a large part of essential oils. One of most important characteristic is that the compounds are volatile, have odor and can be used in a variety of applications in different industrial segments and traditional medicine. Brazil has a rich and diverse flora that can be used as a source of research for obtaining new molecules. Within the Brazilian flora, it is worth mentioning the Caatinga as an exclusively Brazilian biome where plants adapt to a specific series of weather conditions and therefore become a great storehouse of the terpenoid compounds to be described herein. Fungal infections have become increasingly common, and a great demand for new agents with low toxicity and side effects has thus emerged. Scientists must search for new molecules exhibiting antifungal activity to develop new drugs. This review aims to analyze scientific data from the principal published studies describing the use of terpenes and their biological applications as antifungals. Terpenoids isoprenoids organisms metabolites oils volatile medicine herein common emerged drugs antifungals

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.270966

Thermal treatment of poultry litter: Part II. Evaluation of structural and morphological characteristics
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Fernandes, Josely D.

; Guerra, Hugo O. C.

; Chaves, Lúcia H. G.

; Laurentino, Laysa G. de S.

; Cavalcante, Antônio R.

; Kubo, Gustavo T. M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Sep 2022, Volumen 26 Nº 9 Paginas 680 - 687

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o efeito dos tratamentos térmicos no volume total dos poros, na área superficial dos poros, nas características estruturais e nos grupos funcionais dos materiais derivados da carbonização e pirólise da cama de aviário. Esses processos foram realizados em recipientes de porcelana contendo amostras de cama de aviário e colocados em uma mufla. Os tratamentos corresponderam a três temperaturas: amostras carbonizadas a 250 °C e pirolisadas a 350 e 450 °C. A porosidade superficial dos biocarvões fornece uma dimensão adequada para melhorar a capacidade de retenção de água, e os grupos funcionais da superfície podem ajudar a melhorar a fertilidade do solo. A influência das temperaturas nos poros do biocarvão foi investigada por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura com espectroscopia de energia dispersiva, difração de raios-X e espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier. A caracterização do biocarvão mostra estruturas mesoporosas, aumento da área superficial e volume dos poros. A composição química evidencia potássio em concentrações mais elevadas do que outros metais, enquanto grupos funcionais de superfície semelhantes foram encontrados no biocarvão, como fenólico, alifático, quinonas conjugadas e OH-fenólico. Os tratamentos térmicos aplicados à cama de aviário geraram amostras com características físicas, químicas e estruturais semelhantes. Assim, a produção de biocarvão pelo agricultor e seu uso como condicionador do solo podem contribuir para a redução da poluição agrícola, manejo e disposição eficiente da biomassa residual.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effect of heat treatments on the total pore volume, surface area of pores, structural characteristics, and functional groups of the materials which derive from the carbonization and pyrolysis of poultry litter. These processes were carried out in porcelain containers containing poultry litter samples, which were then placed in a muffle furnace. The treatments corresponded to three temperatures: samples carbonized at 250 °C and pyrolyzed at 350 and 450 °C. The surface porosity of biochars provides a suitable dimension to improve the water holding capacity, and surface functional groups may help to improve soil fertility. The influence of the temperatures on the pores of the biochar was investigated by using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The characterization of the biochar shows mesoporous structures, as well as increased surface area and pore volume. The chemical composition has potassium at higher concentrations than other metals, while similar surface functional groups were found in the biochar, such as phenolic, aliphatic, conjugated quinones, and OH-phenolic. The thermal treatments applied to poultry litter generated samples with similar physical, chemical, and structural characteristics. Thus, the production of biochar by the farmer and its use as a soil conditioner can contribute to the reduction of agricultural pollution, management, and efficient disposal of residual biomass.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n9p680-687

Guía de práctica clínica mexicana para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias y enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica
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Pavía-López, Abel A.

; Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

; Ruiz-Gastelum, Edith D.

; Mayorga-Butrón, José L.

; Mehta, Roopa

; Díaz-Aragón, Filiberto A.

; Aldrete-Velasco, Jorge A.

; López-Juárez, Nitzia

; Cruz-Bautista, Ivette

; Chávez-Mendoza, Adolfo

; Secchi-Nicolás, Nikos C.

; Guerrero-Martínez, Francisco J.

; Cossio-Aranda, Jorge E.

; Mendoza-Zubieta, Victoria

; Fanghänel-Salmon, Guillermo

; Valdivia-Proa, Martha

; Olmos-Domínguez, Luis

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.

; Dávila-Maldonado, Luis

; Vázquez-Rangel, Armando

; Pavia-Aubry, Vanina

; Nava-Hernández, María de los A.

; Hinojosa-Becerril, Carlos A.

; Anda-Garay, Juan C.

; Ríos-Ibarra, Manuel O. de los

; Berni-Betancourt, Ana C.

; López-Cuellar, Julio

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Rivera-Reyes, Romina

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Tapia-Hernández, Mónica

; Cano-Nigenda, Claudia V.

; Guerra-López, Arturo

; Elías-López, Josué

; Figueroa-Morales, Marco A.

; Montaño-Velázquez, Bertha B.

; Velasco-Hidalgo, Liliana

; Rodríguez-Lozano, Ana L.

; Pimentel-Hernández, Claudia

; Baquero-Hoyos, María M.

; Romero-Moreno, Felipe

; Rodríguez-Vega, Mario

Archivos de cardiología de México

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2022, Volumen 92 Supl. 1 Paginas 1 - 62

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and Mexico is no exception. The epidemiological data obtained in 1990 showed that cardiovascular diseases represented 19.8% of all causes of death in our country. This figure increased significantly to 25.5% for 2015. Some national surveys suggest that more than 60% of the adult population has at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease (obesity or overweight, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemias). On the other hand, data from the Pan American Health Organization have linked the process of atherosclerosis as the first cause of premature death, significantly reducing life expectancy, which has enormous social repercussions. Objective: This document constitutes the Clinical Practice Guide (CPG) prepared at the initiative of the Mexican Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the Mexican Society of Nutrition and Endocrinology, AC, National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico, AC, Mexican Association for the Prevention of Atherosclerosis and its Complications, AC, National Normative Committee of General Medicine, AC, National College of Geriatric Medicine, AC, College of Internal Medicine of Mexico, AC, Mexican Society of Angiology and Vascular and Endovenous Surgery, AC, Mexican Institute of Research Nephrological, AC and the Mexican Academy of Neurology, A.C.; with the methodological support of the Ibero-American Agency for the Development and Evaluation of Health Technologies, in order to establish recommendations based on the best available evidence and agreed upon by an interdisciplinary group of experts. The objective of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations to help decision makers in the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemias in our country. Material and methods: This document complies with international quality standards, such as those described by the Institute of Medicine of the USA, the Institute of Clinical Excellence of Great Britain, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network and the Guidelines International Network. A multidisciplinary group of clinical experts and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and the development of clinical practice guidelines was formed. A scope document was agreed upon, relevant clinical questions were established, the best available evidence critically evaluated in systematic literature reviews was exhaustively identified, and clinical recommendations were developed. The modified Delphi Panel methodology was used to achieve an adequate level of consensus in each of the recommendations contained in this CPG. Results: 23 clinical questions were agreed upon which gave rise to their respective clinical recommendations. Conclusions: We consider that this document contributes to better clinical decision-making and becomes a point of reference for clinicians and patients in the management of dyslipidemias and this contributes to reducing the morbidity and mortality derived from atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in our country.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m22000081 1458 descargas

Crambe cake protein as a replacement for soybean meal protein: Intake, digestibility, and ruminal parameters in lamb diets
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Poveda-Parra, A.R.

; Pereira, E. S.

; Prado-Calixto, O. P.

; Guerra, G. L.

; Pires, K. A.

; Lopes, M. R.

; Rodrigues, E. R.

; Cavalheiro Junior, E. R.

; do Carmo, J. P. M.

; Mizubuti, I. Y.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2022, Volumen 52 Nº 6 Paginas 873 - 885

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The objective was to evaluate different levels of crambe cake protein (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 g/kg of DM) to replace soybean meal protein on the intake, apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC), blood glucose, ruminal fermentation, and protozoal population in lambs. Two experiments were performed. In experiment one, 40 crossbred male lambs weighing 20 ± 3.45 kg were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, to study intake and ruminal parameters. In experiment two, 25 crossbred male lambs weighing 23.44 ± 1.04 kg were used to study digestibility. The intake of dry matter and total carbohydrate (TC) (kg/lambs/day and g/kg0.75), crude protein (kg/lambs/day) and final body weight decreased with increase of crambe cake protein as a replacement for soybean meal protein, while ether extract ( EE) intake (kg/lambs/day and g/kg075) increased. The ADC of EE presented a positive linear effect and the ADC of TC and non-fibrous carbohydrates presented a negative linear effect. There was no interaction within treatments and collection period (0, 3, 6 and 9 h) on ruminal fluid characteristics. Blood glucose presented a quadratic effect for levels of crambe cake protein in diets (max. P = 35.18%), and linear increase for collection period. Ruminal pH showed a quadratic effect for sampling hours (max. P = 5.43 h). For protozoa evaluation, the total amount, Entodinium, and Eudiplodium presented linear decreasing effects with treatment, while Isotricha, Eudiplodium, Ostracodinium and the total amount of protozoa had a linear decrease with sampling hours. Soybean meal protein can be replaced by crambe cake protein at up to 250 g/kg DM.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v52i6.13

Evapotranspiration of banana using the SEBAL algorithm in an irrigated perimeter from the Northeastern Brazil
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Silva, Tainara T. S.

; Guerra, Hugo O. C.

; Silva, Bernardo B. da

; Santos, Cris L. M.

; Guimarães, Jean P.

; Santos, Joelma S. dos

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mar 2021, Volumen 25 Nº 3 Paginas 149 - 155

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este estudo estimar a evapotranspiração da bananeira (Musa spp.) num perímetro irrigado do município de Barbalha, CE, utilizando o modelo Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) e comparar estes resultados com os estimados através do Método de Penman-Monteith. Foram utilizadas imagens de satélite Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS dos dias 22/05/2016, 10/08/2016 e 29/10/2016 e os dados de temperatura, umidade relativa do ar, velocidade do vento e irradiância solar, obtidos de uma estação meteorológica automática, instalada próxima da área experimental. Foi feito o empilhamento das bandas e o recorte das imagens empilhadas, em seguida, realizaram-se as operações matemáticas e a estimativa da evapotranspiração, cujos valores reais diários da bananeira, estimados pelo algoritmo SEBAL foram de 4,70; 5,00 e 6,50 mm, respectivamente, para os dias 22/05/2016, 10/08/2016 e 29/10/2016. Comparando a ETr diária dada pelo SEBAL com a obtida pelo método de Penman-Monteith, observaram-se erros absolutos de 0,26; 0,44 e 0, 64 mm d-1 para os dias 22/05/2016, 10/08/2016 e 29/10/2016, respectivamente. Estes erros estão dentro dos intervalos aceitos na literatura.

ABSTRACT The study aimed to estimate the evapotranspiration of banana (Musa spp.) in an irrigated perimeter of the municipality of Barbalha, CE, Brazil, using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model and to compare these results with those estimated using the Penman-Monteith method. Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS satellite images of May 22, 2016, August 10, 2016, and October 29, 2016 and data on temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and solar irradiance, obtained from an automatic weather station, installed close to the experimental area were used. The bands were stacked, and the stacked images were cut, then mathematical operations and evapotranspiration estimation were performed, whose actual daily banana values, estimated by the SEBAL algorithm, were 4.70; 5.00 and 6.50 mm, respectively, for May 22, August 10, and October 29, 2016. Comparing the daily ETr given by SEBAL with that obtained by the Penman-Monteith method, absolute errors of 0.26, 0.44, and 0.64 mm d-1 were observed for May 22, August 10, and October 29, 2016, respectively. These errors are within the ranges accepted in the literature.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n3p149-155 319 descargas

Estudo e validação de uma progressão de aprendizagem em cinética química de estudantes de nível superior
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Monteiro, Luciana G.

; Guerra, Antonio C. O.

; Silva, Joaquim F. M.

Química Nova

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Mar 2021, Volumen 44 Nº 3 Paginas 366 - 371

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

This work aims to study the learning progression of students from two federal universities in Rio de Janeiro within the scope of Chemical Kinetics. For the elaboration of the research questionnaire, 46 professors from eleven Brazilian universities were consulted and from the collected data, a questionnaire was elaborated and applied to 452 students of Pharmacy, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering courses at Universidade Federal Fluminense and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. For the analysis of the questionnaires, Rasch modelling was used, which made it possible to elaborate the learning progression of these students.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170647 138 descargas

A new coumarin derivative, 4-acetatecoumarin, with antifungal activity and association study against Aspergillus spp.
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Guerra, Felipe Q.S.

; Araújo, Rodrigo S.A.

; Sousa, Janiere P.

; Silva, Viviane A.

; Pereira, Fillipe O.

; Mendonça-Junior, Francisco J.B.

; Barbosa-Filho, José M.

; Pereira, Julio Abrantes

; Lima, Edeltrudes O.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Jun 2018, Volumen 49 Nº 2 Paginas 407 - 413

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fungal infections have become a concern for health professionals, and the emergence of resistant strains has been reported for all known classes of antifungal drugs. Among the fungi causing disease, we highlight those that belong to the genus Aspergillus. For these reasons, the search for new antifungals is important. This study examines the effects of a coumarin derivative, 4-acetatecoumarin (Cou-UMB16) both alone and together with antifungal drugs, and its mode of action against Aspergillus spp. Cou-UMB16 was tested to evaluate its effects on mycelia growth, and germination of Aspergillus spp. fungal conidia. We investigated its possible action on cell walls, on the cell membrane, and also the capacity of this coumarin derivative to enhance the activity of antifungal drugs. Our results suggest that Cou-UMB16 inhibits Aspergillus spp. virulence factors (mycelia growth and germination of conidia) and affects the structure of the fungal cell wall. When applying Cou-UMB16 in combination with azoles, both synergistic and additive effects were observed. This study concludes that Cou-UMB16 inhibits mycelial growth and spore germination, and that the activity is due to its action on the fungal cell wall, and that Cou-UMB16 could act as an antifungal modifier.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2017.06.009 1026 descargas

Effectiveness of Otolith Repositioning Maneuvers and Vestibular Rehabilitation exercises in elderly people with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: a systematic review
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Ribeiro, Karyna Figueiredo

; Oliveira, Bruna Steffeni

; Freitas, Raysa V.

; Ferreira, Lidiane M.

; Deshpande, Nandini

; Guerra, Ricardo O.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Ene 2018, Volumen 84 Nº 1 Paginas 109 - 118

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução A vertigem posicional paroxística benigna é altamente prevalente em idosos. Essa condição está relacionada a vertigem, perda auditiva, zumbido, equilíbrio precário, distúrbios da marcha e aumento do risco de quedas, levando a mudanças posturais e redução da qualidade de vida. Objetivo Avaliar os desfechos obtidos por ensaios clínicos sobre a eficácia da manobra de reposicionamento de otólitos e de exercícios de reabilitação vestibular no tratamento de vertigem posicional paroxística benigna em idosos. Método A pesquisa da literatura foi feita nos bancos de dados do PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e PEDro e incluiu ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados em inglês, espanhol e português, publicados de janeiro de 2000 a agosto de 2016. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada pelo escore PEDro e a análise dos desfechos foi feita por revisão crítica do conteúdo. Resultados Seis estudos foram totalmente revisados. A idade média dos participantes variou entre 67,2-74,5 anos. Os artigos foram classificados de 2 a 7/10 pelo escore PEDro. As principais medidas de desfecho analisadas foram vertigem, nistagmo posicional e equilíbrio postural. Além disso, o número de manobras necessárias para a remissão dos sintomas, a qualidade de vida e a funcionalidade também foram avaliados. A maioria dos ensaios clínicos usou manobra de reposicionamento de otólitos (n = 5) e três artigos fizeram exercícios de RV, além de manobra de reposicionamento de otólitos ou farmacoterapia. Um estudo mostrou que a adição de restrições de movimento após a manobra não influenciou os resultados. Conclusão Houve uma tendência de melhoria na sintomatologia da vertigem posicional paroxística benigna em pacientes idosos submetidos à manobra de reposicionamento de otólitos. Existem evidências escassas de ensaios clínicos metodologicamente robustos que examinaram os efeitos dos exercícios de manobra de reposicionamento de otólitos e reabilitação vestibular para o tratamento da vertigem posicional paroxística benigna nos idosos. Ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados com avaliação abrangente de sintomas, qualidade de vida, função e acompanhamento de longo prazo são necessários.

Abstract Introduction Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is highly prevalent in elderly people. This condition is related to vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, poor balance, gait disturbance, and an increase in risk of falls, leading to postural changes and quality of life decreasing. Objective To evaluate the outcomes obtained by clinical trials on the effectiveness of Otolith Repositioning Maneuver and Vestibular Rehabilitation exercises in the treatment of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in elderly. Methods The literature research was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PEDro databases, and included randomized controlled clinical trials in English, Spanish and Portuguese, published during January 2000 to August 2016. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by PEDro score and the outcomes analysis was done by critical revision of content. Results Six studies were fully reviewed. The average age of participants ranged between 67.2 and 74.5 years. The articles were classified from 2 to 7/10 through the PEDro score. The main outcome measures analyzed were vertigo, positional nystagmus and postural balance. Additionally, the number of maneuvers necessary for remission of the symptoms, the quality of life, and the functionality were also assessed. The majority of the clinical trials used Otolith Repositioning Maneuver (n = 5) and 3 articles performed Vestibular Rehabilitation exercises in addition to Otolith Repositioning Maneuver or pharmacotherapy. One study showed that the addition of movement restrictions after maneuver did not influence the outcomes. Conclusion There was a trend of improvement in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo symptomatology in elderly patients who underwent Otolith Repositioning Maneuver. There is sparse evidence from methodologically robust clinical trials that examined the effects of Otolith Repositioning Maneuver and Vestibular Rehabilitation exercises for treating Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in the elderly. Randomized controlled clinical trials with comprehensive assessment of symptoms, quality of life, function and long-term follow up are warranted.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2017.06.003 4661 descargas

10.

Evaluation of the anti-osteoporotic effect of Ginkgo biloba L. in Wistar rats with glucocorticoid-induced-osteoporosis by bone densitometry using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and mechanical testing
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LUCINDA, LEDA M.F.

; AARESTRUP, BEATRIZ J.V.

; REBOREDO, MAYCON M.

; PAINS, THAIS D.A.

; CHAVES, RAPHAEL Z.

; REIS, JOÃO E.P.

; LOUZADA, MÁRIO J.Q.

; GUERRA, MARTHA O.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Dic 2017, Volumen 89 Nº 4 Paginas 2833 - 2841

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Evaluate the effect of the extract of Ginkgo biloba in the bone alkaline phosphatase, bone mineral density, in the mechanical properties of the tibia in rats with glucocorticoid-induced-osteoporosis. After osteoporosis induction, the rats were divided into five groups: Osteoporosis; EGb1 (28 mg/Kg); EGb2 (56 mg/Kg); alendronate (0.2 mg/animal) and control. The animals were treated during 20 and 30 days. The control group was compared with the osteoporosis’s (Student’s t-test), while the other were analyzed by ANOVA test followed by Tukey/Dunnett’T3 (p<0.05). In the osteoporosis group the bone alkaline phosphatase, bone mineral density, the bone stiffness, the maximum load and the resilience were reduced. The bone alkaline phosphatase values increased in the EGb1 and EGb2 groups (30 days). In addition, in the EGb2 and alendronate groups (20 and 30 days) the bone mineral density increased. The extract of Ginkgo biloba restored bone alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720160479 1691 descargas

11.

Rats treated with Hypericum perforatum during pregnancy generate offspring with behavioral changes in adulthood
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Campos, Leandro V.

; Vieira, Vinícius A.

; Silva, Lorena R.

; Jasmin, Jasmin

; Guerra, Martha O.

; Peters, Vera M.

; Sá, Rita de Cássia da Silveira e

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Jun 2017, Volumen 27 Nº 3 Paginas 361 - 368

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Drugs used in the treatment of depression can cross the placenta giving rise to questions regarding the effects these drugs exert on the fetus. Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae, is a natural product used to treat depression. However, information about its toxicity and the occurrence of alterations in the central nervous system development of the offspring is scarce. This work assessed the behavior of adult male rats born from mothers treated with Hypericum extract during gestation and analyzed the fluorescence of the extract in different organs of mothers and fetuses. Male pups were divided into three treated groups, corresponding to the administration of the Hypericum extract to mothers at the dose levels of 36 mg/kg, 72 mg/kg and 144 mg/kg, and one control group in which the mothers received distilled water. At 90 days of age, the offspring underwent the following tests: rotarod, pentobarbital-induced sleep time, elevated plus maze, hole-board and forced swimming test. The observed fluorescence indicated the presence of the extract in all tissues analyzed. The obtained results suggest lasting changes in the performances displayed in the CNS, depression and anxiety tests, indicating that the use of Hypericum during gestation could interfere with the behavioral development of the offspring reducing anxiety and depression when they become adults. We suggest that these alterations are associated with the reprogramming of the brain regions related to changes in emotional reactivity.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2017.01.004 836 descargas

12.

"Positive to Negative" Dix-Hallpike test and Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo recurrence in elderly undergoing Canalith Repositioning Maneuver and Vestibular Rehabilitation
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Ribeiro, Karyna M. O. B. de Figueiredo

; Ferreira, Lidiane Maria de Brito Macedo

; Freitas, Raysa Vanessa de Medeiros

; Silva, Camila Nicácio da

; Deshpande, Nandini

; Guerra, Ricardo Oliveira

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology

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Dic 2016, Volumen 20 Nº 4 Paginas 344 - 352

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is the most common cause of dizziness in elderly people. Recent studies have shown that the elderly present higher Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo recurrence and that vertiginous symptomatology remission varies according to comorbidities and the therapeutic techniques applied. Objective To assess the short-term effectiveness of Vestibular Rehabilitation in addition to Canalith Repositioning Maneuver on positive to negative Dix-Hallpike test, on recurrence and number of maneuvers to achieve a negative test in elderly patients with chronic Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 7 older adults (median age: 69 years, range 65-78) underwent Canalith Repositioning Maneuver and Vestibular Rehabilitation for thirteen weeks. Seven older adults (median age: 73 years, range 65-76) in the control group received only Canalith Repositioning Maneuver. The participants were assessed at baseline (T0), one (T1), five (T5), nine (T9), and thirteen weeks (T13). We assessed the differences between the groups by Mann-Whitney and Fisher exact tests, and used the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests to determine the intragroup differences. Results No significant differences were found between groups for the positive to negative Dix-Hallpike test, recurrence, and number of maneuvers to achieve a negative test. The number of maneuvers to achieve negative Dix-Hallpike test was lower in intragroup comparisons in the experimental group. Conclusion The findings suggest that additional Vestibular Rehabilitation did not influence the positive to negative Dix-Hallpike test, recurrence, or number of maneuvers to achieve a negative test in elderly patients with chronic Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1572528 1264 descargas

13.

Thermal environment in two broiler barns during the first three weeks of age
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H., Robinson Osorio

; Tinoco, Ilda F. F.

; Osorio S, Jairo A.

; Mendes, Luciano B.

; Rocha, Keller S. O.

; G., Lina M. Guerra

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mar 2016, Volumen 20 Nº 3 Paginas 256 - 262

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se, nesta pesquisa, avaliar o ambiente térmico interno de dois galpões de frangos de corte com diferentes sistemas de ventilação representativos da indústria de produção de aves de corte brasileira e sul-americana: (a) um com pressão negativa tipo túnel e (b) outro com ventilação lateral e pressão positiva. Parâmetros ambientais do conforto térmico, tais como temperatura de bulbo seco, umidade relativa e índice de temperatura e umidade, foram avaliados; mapas de temperaturas médias para as condições de dia e noite foram determinadas nas três primeiras semanas de vida das aves. Melhor uniformidade ambiental e condições de conforto térmico no interior do galpão com pressão negativa foram observadas.

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the internal thermal environment of two broiler barns featuring different ventilation systems representative of Brazilian and South American poultry production industry: (a) a negative-pressure tunnel and (b) a positive-pressure lateral ventilation system. Environmental parameters such as dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and temperature-humidity index were assessed; temperature maps for day and night average conditions were determined for the first three weeks of life. Better uniformity of the thermal environment and comfort conditions inside the negative-pressure tunnel were found.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n3p256-262 2193 descargas

14.

Cytotoxic Effect of Erythroxylum suberosum Combined with Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines
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Macedo, Taysa B. C.

; Elias, Silvia T.

; Torres, Hianne M.

; Yamamoto-Silva, Fernanda Paula

; Silveira, Dâmaris

; Magalhães, Pérola O.

; Lofrano-Porto, Adriana

; Guerra, Eliete N. S.

; Silva, Maria Alves G.

Brazilian Dental Journal

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Feb 2016, Volumen 27 Nº 1 Paginas 108 - 112

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Resumo O câncer de boca e de orofaringe emerge como o 6º tipo de câncer mais comum no mundo. O tratamento pode envolver cirurgia, quimioterapia e radioterapia. Mais de 50% das drogas com atividade de combate ao câncer foram isoladas de fontes naturais, tais como a Catharanthus roseus e a epipodofilotoxina, isolada de Podophyllum. O maior desafio é maximizar o controle da doença, enquanto minimiza a morbidade e toxicidade para os tecidos normais circundantes. O Erythroxylum suberosum é uma planta comum no bioma Cerrado brasileiro e é popularmente conhecida como "cabelo-de-negro". O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a citotoxicidade dos extratos da planta Erythroxylum suberosum do bioma Cerrado brasileiro, associados à radioterapia em linhagens celulares humanas de carcinomas de língua e de hipofaringe. As células foram tratadas com os extratos aquoso, etanólico e hexânico do Erythroxylum suberosum e irradiadas com 4 Gy, 6 Gy e 8 Gy. A citotoxidade foi avaliada pelo ensaio de MTT e a absorvância foi medida a 570 nm em uma leitora Beckman. A cisplatina, quimioterápico padrão, foi utilizada como controle positivo. O uso de extratos de Erythroxylum suberosum mostrou potencial efeito radiosensibilizante in vitro no câncer de cabeça e pescoço. O efeito da citotoxicidade nas linhagens foi de forma não seletiva e muito semelhante ao efeito da quimioterapia padrão. O extrato aquoso de Erythroxylum suberosum, combinado com radioterapia, foi o extrato mais citotóxico para os carcinomas de língua e hipofaringe, associados à radioterapia.

Abstract The mouth and oropharynx cancer is the 6th most common type of cancer in the world. The treatment may involve surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. More than 50% of drugs against cancer were isolated from natural sources, such as Catharanthus roseus and epipodophyllotoxin, isolated from Podophyllum. The biggest challenge is to maximize the control of the disease, while minimizing morbidity and toxicity to the surrounding normal tissues. The Erythroxylum suberosum is a common plant in the Brazilian Cerrado biome and is popularly known as "cabelo-de-negro". The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Erythroxylum suberosum plant extracts of the Brazilian Cerrado biome associated with radiotherapy in human cell lines of oral and hypopharynx carcinomas. Cells were treated with aqueous, ethanolic and hexanic extracts of Erythroxylum suberosum and irradiated at 4 Gy, 6 Gy and 8 Gy. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay and the absorbance was measured at 570 nm in a Beckman Counter reader. Cisplatin, standard chemotherapy, was used as positive control. The use of Erythroxylum suberosum extracts showed a possible radiosensitizing effect in vitro for head and neck cancer. The cytotoxicity effect in the cell lines was not selective and it is very similar to the effect of standard chemotherapy. The aqueous extract of Erythroxylum suberosum, combined with radiotherapy was the most cytotoxic extract to oral and hypopharynx carcinomas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201600014 2349 descargas

15.

Evaluación de la genotoxicidad de las aguas costeras de Chile central sobre los peces Mugil cephalus y Odontesthes brevianalis
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Gaete Olivares, Hernán

; Guerra Muñoz, Rosa

; Carvajal Vásquez, Diana

; Mukarker Valladares, Macarena

; Lobos Valenzuela, Gabriela

Hidrobiológica

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Dic 2014, Volumen 24 Nº 3 Paginas 271 - 279

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The aim of this research was to evaluate the genotoxicity of the surface waters of mouths of the rivers Aconcagua, Maipo and Catapilco stream on fish Mugil cephalus and Odontesthes brevianalis. In the waters of these rivers and stream in situ, the parameters pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids were measured. The concentration of copper, zinc and lead were measured in water and gills tissue. The genotoxicity was determined through the comet assay and micronucleus frequency. The results show that copper concentration in water was higher in the Catapilco stream followed by the Maipo river. The lead concentration was higher in the Maipo river, while that zinc was higher in the Aconcagua river. The zinc concentration in gills was greater than copper and lead in both species. The lead concentration was higher in M. cephalus in the Maipo river, while the copper was in the same species but in the Aconcagua river.. The highest genetic damage was observed in both species of fish of the Maipo River. The lowest genetic damage was in O. brevianalis from Aconcagua river. No relationship was found between genetic damage and concentration of metals in gills. In conclusion the surface waters of the mouths of Aconcagua and Maipo rivers, and Catapilco stream contains chemical agents that provoke genotoxicity in fishes.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la genotoxicidad de las aguas de las desembocaduras de los ríos Aconcagua, Maipo y el estero Catapilco sobre las especies de peces Mugil cephalus y Odontesthes brevianalis. Se midieron in situ los parámetros de pH, conductividad, oxigeno disuelto y sólidos disueltos totales. Se determinó las concentraciones de cobre, zinc y plomo en aguas y tejido branquial. En peces, la genotoxicidad se determinó a través del ensayo cometa y la frecuencia de micronúcleos. Los resultados muestran que el cobre total en aguas fue más alto en el estero Catapilco, seguido del río Maipo. El plomo, fue más alto en el río Maipo, en tanto que, los mayores niveles de zinc se registraron en el río Aconcagua. En branquias, el zinc fue el metal que se encontró en mayor concentración en ambas especies. El plomo fue más alto en M. cephalus en el río Maipo, en tanto, el cobre fue más alto en la misma especie en el río Aconcagua. El daño genético más alto, se observó en ambas especies de peces del río Maipo. El menor daño genético fue en O. brevianalis del río Aconcagua. No se encontró correlación entre daño genético y concentración de metales en branquias. Los tres cuerpos de agua contienen agentes químicos en concentraciones biodisponibles, que provocan daño genético en peces.

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