Mari-mari (Cassia leiandra Benth.) is an Amazonian native fruit that is highly appreciated in the northern region of Brazil, but there are few studies regarding its chemical composition and/or biological properties. A phytochemical study was conducted on the extracts of the pulp, peel and seeds; and their antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential were also determined. Methanol and acetone extracts from different fruit parts were subjected to total phenolic, 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and FeIII reducing capacity (FRAP) assays. From the peel extracts, the engeletin and astilbin could also be isolated and characterized based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. A quantification using ultra-fast liquid chromatography of acetone dry crude extracts (DCE) of the peel showed that engeletin was the main compound (532.77 mg g-1 DCE). Astilbin content was also determined (131.53 mg g-1 DCE). The antibacterial and antiproliferative activities were evaluated and the methanol extract of the peel showed higher growth inhibition activity against all tested bacteria. Engeletin showed a relevant antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Acetone and methanol peel extracts exhibited a relevant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7), with no toxicity to the normal cell line (NIH/3T3).

Objective to categorize the patient safety theme in the curricular matrices of undergraduate courses in nursing and obstetrics. Method documentary study, developed in nine universities from June 2013 to March 2014. Sixteen direct and 12 indirect keywords were categorized according to the Patient safety curriculum guide: multi-professional edition. Results direct and indirect descriptors were found in 168 disciplines, and Patient Safety (20.4%) and Professional Exercise Law (13.7%) were the most frequent direct ones, while the indirect ones were Systematization of Assistance in Nursing (42.1%) and Biosafety (10.0%). Conclusion the thematic patient safety was found in the programmatic contents analyzed, but in a disjointed manner, making it imperative to seek teaching strategies that have repercussions on student's education.

Objetivos categorizar la temática seguridad del paciente en las matrices curriculares de cursos de graduación en enfermería y obstetricia. Método estudio documental, desarrollado en nueve universidades en el período de junio de 2013 a marzo de 2014. Se relacionaron 16 palabras-clave directas y 12 indirectas y se categorizaron conforme el Patient safety curriculum guide: multi-professional edition. Resultados las palabras-clave directas e indirectas se encontraron en 168 disciplinas, siendo Seguridad del Paciente (20,4%) y Ley del Ejercicio Profesional (13,7%) las directas más frecuentes, mientras que entre las indirectas fueron Sistematización del Cuidado en la Enfermería (42,1%) y Bioseguridad (10,0%). Conclusión la temática seguridad del paciente fue encontrada en los contenidos programáticos analizados, pero de manera desarticulada, lo que hace que sea imperativo, buscar estrategias de enseñanza que repercutan en la formación del estudiante.

Objetivo categorizar a temática segurança do paciente nas matrizes curriculares de cursos de graduação em enfermagem e obstetrícia. Método estudo documental, desenvolvido em nove universidades no período de junho de 2013 a março de 2014. Foram elencadas 16 palavras-chave diretas e 12 indiretas e categorizadas conforme o Patient safety curriculum guide: multi-professional edition. Resultados as palavras-chave diretas e indiretas foram encontradas em 168 disciplinas, sendo Segurança do Paciente (20,4%) e Lei do Exercício Profissional (13,7%) as diretas mais frequentes, enquanto que as indiretas foram Sistematização da Assistência em Enfermagem (42,1%) e Biossegurança (10,0%). Conclusão a temática segurança do paciente foi encontrada nos conteúdos programáticos analisados, porém de maneira desarticulada, tornando-se imperativo buscar estratégias de ensino que repercutam na formação do estudante.

OBJETIVO: Identificar o genótipo do vírus do sarampo em três viajantes suspeitos de infecção por sarampo. MÉTODOS: Amostras (sangue e urina) foram coletadas para sorologia, isolamento viral e genotipagem. As sorologias para pesquisa de IgM para o vírus do sarampo e da rubéola foi realizada utilizando-se o kit de ELISA (Siemens - Marburg, Alemanha). As amostras clínicas (linfócito e urina) foram inoculadas na SIRC (Statens Serum Institute rabbit corneal epithelial cell line-ATCC CL 60) e nas células Vero Slam. O RNA foi extraído das amostras clínicas e das células inoculadas e processadas por PCR, utilizando oligonucleotideos específicos para sarampo e rubéola. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes apresentaram sorologia IgM negativa para sarampo e positivo para rubéola. Os vírus da rubéola isolados dos pacientes que vieram da Finlândia, Peru e Alemanha pertencem aos genótipos 1B, 1C e 1E, respectivamente. O genótipo 1B foi encontrado na Europa e na costa oriental da América do Sul, o genótipo 1C foi encontrado no Peru e na costa oeste da América do Sul e o genótipo 1E, identificado pela primeira vez em 1997, agora aparenta ser um genótipo com distribuição mundial. CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento dos genótipos de sarampo e rubéola que circulam em São Paulo é essencial para o controle do sarampo, rubéola e síndrome da rubéola congênita.

OBJECTIVE: To identify measles virus genotypes in three cases of travelers suspected of measles infection. METHODS: Samples (blood and urine) were collected for serology, virus isolation, and genotyping. Sera were analyzed for IgM antibodies against measles virus and rubella virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Siemens - Marburg, Germany). Clinical samples (lymphocytes and urine) were inoculated into Statens Serum Institute rabbit corneal epithelial cell line- ATCC CL 60 (SIRC) and Vero Slam cells. RNA was extracted from clinical samples and cell culture was inoculated and processed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with oligonucleotides specific for measles virus (MV) and rubella virus (RV). RESULTS: All patients showed IgM negative serology for MV and positive IgM for RV. RV belonging to genotypes 1B, 1C, and 1E were isolated from patients who came from Finland, Peru, and Germany, respectively. Genotype 1B has been found in Europe and on the East Coast of South America; 1C has been found in Peru and the West Coast of South America, and 1E, first identified in 1997, now appears to have worldwide distribution. CONCLUSION: Information about RV and MV genotypes circulating in São Paulo is essential for the control of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in Brazil.

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Determinar o grau de concordância e correlação entre amostras arteriais e as obtidas através de um cateter venoso umbilical, com relação ao pH, bicarbonato, excesso de base (BE) e lactato, em recém-nascidos prematuros e de termo, criticamente doentes. MÉTODO: Foram obtidas amostras para gasometria (0,5 - 1 mL), por punção de artéria radial, e, dentro do limite de 5 minutos, do cateter venoso umbilical. O método de Bland-Altman foi utilizado para demonstrar a concordância entre as medidas. Os limites de concordância foram definidos como a diferença média ± 2 DP. Para as correlações foi utilizado o método de Pearson. RESULTADOS: Cento e seis amostras (53 pares) de 53 pacientes foram analisadas para bicarbonato, pH e BE. Foi dosado lactato em 49 pares de amostras. Houve concordância em 94,3% dos pares de amostras para o pH, e este mesmo percentual foi observado para o bicarbonato. Para o excesso de base, a concordância foi de 96,2%, e de 91,8% para o lactato. As diferenças médias foram 0,03 unidade para o pH, -1,2 mmol/L para o bicarbonato, -0,24 mmol/L para o excesso de base e 0,33 mmol/L para o lactato. Os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson (r) foram 0,87 para o pH, 0,76 para o bicarbonato, 0,86 para o excesso de base e 0,95 para o lactato. CONCLUSÕES: Os valores venosos isolados não podem ser usados como equivalentes aos arteriais para a avaliação do estado ácido-básico em recém-nascidos. As amostras venosas poderiam ser usadas de forma serial, para monitorizar tendências ao longo do tempo.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Determine the extent of agreement and correlation between arterial samples and venous (obtained from a venous umbilical catheter), with respect to measurements of pH, bicarbonate, base excess and lactate, in critically ill term and premature newborns. METHODS: Arterial blood samples (0.5-1 mL) were obtained for gas analysis by radial artery puncture, and, within the limit of 5 minutes, samples were obtained from venous umbilical catheters. Bland-Altman plots were used to depict agreement between arterial and venous measurements. Limits of agreement were defined as the mean difference ± 2SD (Standard Deviation). Correlation was assessed by Pearson's method. RESULTS: A hundred and six samples (53 pairs) were taken from 53 patients for analysis of bicarbonate, pH and base excess. Lactate was analyzed in 49 pairs of samples. Differences were within the limits of agreement in 94.3% of pairs of samples for pH, and the same percentage was observed for bicarbonate. There was agreement in 96.2% of pairs for base excess, and in 91.8% for lactate. Mean differences were 0.03 units for pH, -1.2 mmol/L for bicarbonate, -0.24 mmol/L for base excess and 0.33 mmol/L for lactate. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were 0.87 for pH, 0.76 for bicarbonate, 0.86 for base excess and 0.95 for lactate. CONCLUSIONS: Although single venous values cannot be used as equivalent to arterial for assessing acid base status in newborns, venous blood samples can be used serially for monitoring trends over time.

O presente estudo descreve o isolamento e o crescimento do vírus selvagem da rubéola na linhagem celular RC-IAL. A susceptibilidade da linhagem celular RC-IAL (rim de coelho, Instituto Adolfo Lutz) para o vírus-padrão da rubéola RA 27/3 foi anteriormente descrito por nós(4). Amostras de 20 pacientes com suspeita de infecção por rubéola foram testadas por sorologia, isolamento viral e nested PCR. Os soros foram testados por Elisa para detecção de anticorpos reagentes para rubéola e nested PCR para detectar o RNA viral. As amostras clínicas de sangue, urina, fragmento de placenta e líquido amniótico foram inoculadas nas linhagens celulares RC-IAL (rim de coelho, Instituto Adolfo Lutz) e Sirc (córnea de coelho). O vírus da rubéola foi isolado das amostras clínicas de quatorze pacientes. O efeito citopático (ECP) foi examinado por microscopia de contraste de fase, e o RNA do vírus da rubéola foi amplificado por nested PCR. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a linhagem celular RC-IAL é um excelente substrato para isolamento do vírus da rubéola. Estes dados são importantes, pois poucas linhagens descritas na literatura apresentam efeito citopático que possibilite seu uso para isolar o vírus da rubéola de material clínico.

The present study describes the isolation and growth the wild-type rubella virus in RC-IAL. The susceptibility of a rabbit kidney (RC-IAL) to the RV RA 27/3 strain was previously reported by us(4). Samples of 20 patients with suspected cases of rubella infection were tested by serology, virus isolation and nested PCR. The sera were tested by Elisa for the detection of rubella virus antibodies and nested PCR assay was performed to detect RNA virus. The samples of urine, blood, fragments of placenta and amniotic fluid were inoculated in the RC-IAL (rabbit kidney, Institute Adolfo Lutz) and Sirc (rabbit cornea) cell lines. Rubella virus was isolated in samples from 14 of the patients. The CPE (cytopathic effect) was visualized by phase contrast and RV RNA was amplified by nested PCR.The results obtained showed that the cellular lineage RC-IAL is an excellent substratum for isolation of the rubella virus. These findings are important since this is one the few cell lines described in literature that presents a cytopathic effect, so that it can be used to isolate the virus of the clinical specimens.

Gustavia augusta is used in the folk medicine against leishmaniosis and showed anti-inflammatory action. The phytochemical studies of the plant stem bark have led to the isolation of (22E)-stigmasta-7,22-dien-3beta-ol, 24alpha(S)-ethyl-5alpha-colesta-7,trans-22-dien-3-one, D-friedoolean-14-en-3beta-ol, D-friedoolean-14-en-3-one and D-friedoolean-14-en-3alpha-ol along with stigmasterol, alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, lupeol, 3alpha-hidroxi-lupeol and betulinic acid. The structures of these compounds were identified by IR, GC/MS, ¹H and 13C NMR spectral analysis and comparison with literature data.