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au:CAMARGO, PAULO M.
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1.
A Mathematical Model for Accessing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Infants
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Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics
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ABSTRACT A mathematical model was developed to describe the dynamics of the primary infection of dengue virus in infants who were born to a mother immune to some serotype of the dengue virus. The model is given by a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations with time-dependent variables for the number of dengue virus antibodies of the infant transferred from their immune, uninfected, and infected monocytes and dengue virus. The mathematical analysis was carried out where the conditions for the existence of the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium were established. The numerical simulations were performed considering different scenarios for a basic reproductive number, R 0, illustrating the global convergence of the numerical results for the equilibrium points. The results are in agreement with our derived global stability analysis. It can be concluded that dengue hemorrhagic fever in infants could occur in the peaks observed for the infected monocytes and dengue virus.
2.
Práticas de ressuscitação volêmica em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras: uma análise secundária do estudo Fluid-TRIPS
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Freitas, Flavio Geraldo Rezende de
; Hammond, Naomi
; Li, Yang
; Azevedo, Luciano Cesar Pontes de
; Cavalcanti, Alexandre Biasi
; Taniguchi, Leandro
; Gobatto, André
; Japiassú, André Miguel
; Bafi, Antonio Tonete
; Mazza, Bruno Franco
; Noritomi, Danilo Teixeira
; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe
; Bozza, Fernando
; Salluh, Jorge Ibrahin Figueira
; Westphal, Glauco Adrieno
; Soares, Márcio
; Assunção, Murillo Santucci César de
; Lisboa, Thiago
; Lobo, Suzana Margarete Ajeje
; Barbosa, Achilles Rohlfs
; Ventura, Adriana Fonseca
; Souza, Ailson Faria de
; Silva, Alexandre Francisco
; Toledo, Alexandre
; Reis, Aline
; Cembranel, Allan
; Rea Neto, Alvaro
; Gut, Ana Lúcia
; Justo, Ana Patricia Pierre
; Santos, Ana Paula
; Albuquerque, André Campos D. de
; Scazufka, André
; Rodrigues, Antonio Babo
; Fernandino, Bruno Bonaccorsi
; Silva, Bruno Goncalves
; Vidal, Bruno Sarno
; Pinheiro, Bruno Valle
; Pinto, Bruno Vilela Costa
; Feijo, Carlos Augusto Ramos
; Abreu Filho, Carlos de
; Bosso, Carlos Eduardo da Costa Nunes
; Moreira, Carlos Eduardo Nassif
; Ramos, Carlos Henrique Ferreira
; Tavares, Carmen
; Arantes, Cidamaiá
; Grion, Cintia
; Mendes, Ciro Leite
; Kmohan, Claudio
; Piras, Claudio
; Castro, Cristine Pilati Pileggi
; Lins, Cyntia
; Beraldo, Daniel
; Fontes, Daniel
; Boni, Daniela
; Castiglioni, Débora
; Paisani, Denise de Moraes
; Pedroso, Durval Ferreira Fonseca
; Mattos, Ederson Roberto
; Brito Sobrinho, Edgar de
; Troncoso, Edgar M. V.
; Rodrigues Filho, Edison Moraes
; Nogueira, Eduardo Enrico Ferrari
; Ferreira, Eduardo Leme
; Pacheco, Eduardo Souza
; Jodar, Euzebio
; Ferreira, Evandro L. A.
; Araujo, Fabiana Fernandes de
; Trevisol, Fabiana Schuelter
; Amorim, Fábio Ferreira
; Giannini, Fabio Poianas
; Santos, Fabrício Primitivo Matos
; Buarque, Fátima
; Lima, Felipe Gallego
; Costa, Fernando Antonio Alvares da
; Sad, Fernando Cesar dos Anjos
; Aranha, Fernando G.
; Ganem, Fernando
; Callil, Flavio
; Costa Filho, Francisco Flávio
; Dall´Arto, Frederico Toledo Campo
; Moreno, Geovani
; Friedman, Gilberto
; Moralez, Giulliana Martines
; Silva, Guilherme Abdalla da
; Costa, Guilherme
; Cavalcanti, Guilherme Silva
; Cavalcanti, Guilherme Silva
; Betônico, Gustavo Navarro
; Betônico, Gustavo Navarro
; Reis, Hélder
; Araujo, Helia Beatriz N.
; Hortiz Júnior, Helio Anjos
; Guimaraes, Helio Penna
; Urbano, Hugo
; Maia, Israel
; Santiago Filho, Ivan Lopes
; Farhat Júnior, Jamil
; Alvarez, Janu Rangel
; Passos, Joel Tavares
; Paranhos, Jorge Eduardo da Rocha
; Marques, José Aurelio
; Moreira Filho, José Gonçalves
; Andrade, Jose Neto
; Sobrinho, José Onofre de C
; Bezerra, Jose Terceiro de Paiva
; Alves, Juliana Apolônio
; Ferreira, Juliana
; Gomes, Jussara
; Sato, Karina Midori
; Gerent, Karine
; Teixeira, Kathia Margarida Costa
; Conde, Katia Aparecida Pessoa
; Martins, Laércia Ferreira
; Figueirêdo, Lanese
; Rezegue, Leila
; Tcherniacovsk, Leonardo
; Ferraz, Leone Oliveira
; Cavalcante, Liane
; Rabelo, Ligia
; Miilher, Lilian
; Garcia, Lisiane
; Tannous, Luana
; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão
; Paciência, Luís Eduardo Miranda
; Cruz Neto, Luiz Monteiro da
; Bley, Macia Valeria
; Sousa, Marcelo Ferreira
; Puga, Marcelo Lourencini
; Romano, Marcelo Luz Pereira
; Nobrega, Marciano
; Arbex, Marcio
; Rodrigues, Márcio Leite
; Guerreiro, Márcio Osório
; Rocha, Marcone
; Alves, Maria Angela Pangoni
; Alves, Maria Angela Pangoni
; Rosa, Maria Doroti
; Dias, Mariza D’Agostino
; Martins, Miquéias
; Oliveira, Mirella de
; Moretti, Miriane Melo Silveira
; Matsui, Mirna
; Messender, Octavio
; Santarém, Orlando Luís de Andrade
; Silveira, Patricio Júnior Henrique da
; Vassallo, Paula Frizera
; Antoniazzi, Paulo
; Gottardo, Paulo César
; Correia, Paulo
; Ferreira, Paulo
; Torres, Paulo
; Silva, Pedro Gabrile M. de Barros e
; Foernges, Rafael
; Gomes, Rafael
; Moraes, Rafael
; Nonato filho, Raimundo
; Borba, Renato Luis
; Gomes, Renato V
; Cordioli, Ricardo
; Lima, Ricardo
; López, Ricardo Pérez
; Gargioni, Ricardo Rath de Oliveira
; Rosenblat, Richard
; Souza, Roberta Machado de
; Almeida, Roberto
; Narciso, Roberto Camargo
; Marco, Roberto
; waltrick, Roberto
; Biondi, Rodrigo
; Figueiredo, Rodrigo
; Dutra, Rodrigo Santana
; Batista, Roseane
; Felipe, Rouge
; Franco, Rubens Sergio da Silva
; Houly, Sandra
; Faria, Sara Socorro
; Pinto, Sergio Felix
; Luzzi, Sergio
; Sant’ana, Sergio
; Fernandes, Sergio Sonego
; Yamada, Sérgio
; Zajac, Sérgio
; Vaz, Sidiner Mesquita
; Bezerra, Silvia Aparecida Bezerra
; Farhat, Tatiana Bueno Tardivo
; Santos, Thiago Martins
; Smith, Tiago
; Silva, Ulysses V. A.
; Damasceno, Valnei Bento
; Nobre, Vandack
; Dantas, Vicente Cés de Souza
; Irineu, Vivian Menezes
; Bogado, Viviane
; Nedel, Wagner
; Campos Filho, Walther
; Dantas, Weidson
; Viana, William
; Oliveira Filho, Wilson de
; Delgadinho, Wilson Martins
; Finfer, Simon
; Machado, Flavia Ribeiro
.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as práticas de ressuscitação volêmica em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras e compará-las com as de outros países participantes do estudo Fluid-TRIPS. Métodos: Este foi um estudo observacional transversal, prospectivo e internacional, de uma amostra de conveniência de unidades de terapia intensiva de 27 países (inclusive o Brasil), com utilização da base de dados Fluid-TRIPS compilada em 2014. Descrevemos os padrões de ressuscitação volêmica utilizados no Brasil em comparação com os de outros países e identificamos os fatores associados com a escolha dos fluidos. Resultados: No dia do estudo, foram incluídos 3.214 pacientes do Brasil e 3.493 pacientes de outros países, dos quais, respectivamente, 16,1% e 26,8% (p < 0,001) receberam fluidos. A principal indicação para ressuscitação volêmica foi comprometimento da perfusão e/ou baixo débito cardíaco (Brasil 71,7% versus outros países 56,4%; p < 0,001). No Brasil, a percentagem de pacientes que receberam soluções cristaloides foi mais elevada (97,7% versus 76,8%; p < 0,001), e solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9% foi o cristaloide mais comumente utilizado (62,5% versus 27,1%; p < 0,001). A análise multivariada sugeriu que os níveis de albumina se associaram com o uso tanto de cristaloides quanto de coloides, enquanto o tipo de prescritor dos fluidos se associou apenas com o uso de cristaloides. Conclusão: Nossos resultados sugerem que cristaloides são usados mais frequentemente do que coloides para ressuscitação no Brasil, e essa discrepância, em termos de frequências, é mais elevada do que em outros países. A solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9% foi o cristaloide mais frequentemente prescrito. Os níveis de albumina sérica e o tipo de prescritor de fluidos foram os fatores associados com a escolha de cristaloides ou coloides para a prescrição de fluidos.
Abstract Objective: To describe fluid resuscitation practices in Brazilian intensive care units and to compare them with those of other countries participating in the Fluid-TRIPS. Methods: This was a prospective, international, cross-sectional, observational study in a convenience sample of intensive care units in 27 countries (including Brazil) using the Fluid-TRIPS database compiled in 2014. We described the patterns of fluid resuscitation use in Brazil compared with those in other countries and identified the factors associated with fluid choice. Results: On the study day, 3,214 patients in Brazil and 3,493 patients in other countries were included, of whom 16.1% and 26.8% (p < 0.001) received fluids, respectively. The main indication for fluid resuscitation was impaired perfusion and/or low cardiac output (Brazil: 71.7% versus other countries: 56.4%, p < 0.001). In Brazil, the percentage of patients receiving crystalloid solutions was higher (97.7% versus 76.8%, p < 0.001), and 0.9% sodium chloride was the most commonly used crystalloid (62.5% versus 27.1%, p < 0.001). The multivariable analysis suggested that the albumin levels were associated with the use of both crystalloids and colloids, whereas the type of fluid prescriber was associated with crystalloid use only. Conclusion: Our results suggest that crystalloids are more frequently used than colloids for fluid resuscitation in Brazil, and this discrepancy in frequencies is higher than that in other countries. Sodium chloride (0.9%) was the crystalloid most commonly prescribed. Serum albumin levels and the type of fluid prescriber were the factors associated with the choice of crystalloids or colloids for fluid resuscitation.
https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20210028
273 downloads
3.
Discharge sensitivity of collapsible drip tapes to water temperature
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Araujo, Ana C. S. de
; Frizzone, José A.
; Camargo, Antonio P. de
; Pereira, Diego J. de S.
; Melo, Verônica G. M. L. de
; Bombardelli, Wagner W. A.
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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RESUMO Objetivou-se neste estudo quantificar o efeito de variações da temperatura da água na vazão de fitas gotejadoras colapsáveis, de parede fina, com emissores integrados não regulados. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em laboratório utilizando estrutura de ensaios automatizada. Foram realizados ensaios para determinação das curvas vazão-pressão sob temperaturas de ensaio na faixa de 20 a 50 ºC, para nove modelos de emissores com três espessuras de parede (6, 8 e 9 MIL). Curvas vazão-pressão apresentaram distintos parâmetros K e x para cada temperatura. Para os emissores planos de fluxo turbulento (x < 0,5), a vazão diminuiu com o incremento da temperatura. Para os emissores contínuos de fluxo turbulento, respostas diferentes foram obtidas, sendo que no emissor D (x > 0,5) a vazão aumentou com o incremento da temperatura, enquanto no emissor C (x < 0,5), a vazão diminuiu e as maiores variações de vazão ocorreram a partir de 60 kPa. Para o emissor moldado, a vazão aumentou em função da temperatura, porém, a maior variação ocorreu nas menores pressões. Para nenhum dos emissores houve diferença significativa na variação de vazão entre as espessuras de parede.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of water temperature variations on the discharge of collapsible thin-walled drip tapes with integrated non-pressure-compensating emitters. The tests were conducted in the laboratory using an automated test bench. Tests were performed to determine the discharge-pressure curves by varying the water temperature from 20 to 50 °C. Nine emitter models of three wall thicknesses (6, 8, and 9 MIL) were evaluated. The coefficients K and x of the discharge-pressure curves varied according to the water temperature. In flat emitters of turbulent flow (x < 0.5), the discharge decreased as the temperature increased. In the welded emitters of turbulent flow, several responses were observed. Regarding emitter D (x > 0.5), the discharge increased as the temperature was increased, while for emitter C (x < 0.5), the discharge decreased; the highest discharge variations occurred at pressures higher than 60 kPa. For embossed emitters, the discharge increased as a function of temperature, however, the greatest variation occurred at the lowest pressures. None of the emitters showed significant difference in the discharge variation due to wall thicknesses.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n1p3-9
1027 downloads
4.
Long-term obesity is associated with depression and neuroinflammation
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Lorena, Fernanda B.
; Nascimento, Bruna P. P do
; Camargo, Esther L. R. A.
; Bernardi, Maria M.
; Fukushima, André R.
; Panizza, Julia do N.
; Nogueira, Paula de B.
; Brandão, Marllos E. S.
; Ribeiro, Miriam O.
.
ABSTRACT Objective: Obesity is characterized by a state of chronic, low-intensity systemic inflammation frequently associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Materials and methods: Given that chronic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, we investigated if chronic obesity that was initiated early in life – lasting through adulthood – could be more harmful to memory impairment and mood fluctuations such as depression. Results: Here we show that pre-pubertal male rats (30 days old) treated with a high-fat diet (40%) for 8-months gained ~50% more weight when compared to controls, exhibited depression and anxiety-like behaviors but no memory impairment. The prefrontal cortex of the obese rats exhibited an increase in the expression of genes related to inflammatory response, such as NFKb, MMP9, CCl2, PPARb, and PPARg. There were no alterations in genes known to be related to depression. Conclusion: Long-lasting obesity with onset in prepuberal age led to depression and neuroinflammation but not to memory impairment.
https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000400
36 downloads
5.
First record of Cotesia scotti () (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) comb. nov. parasitising Spodoptera cosmioides (Walk, 1858) and Spodoptera eridania (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil
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Freitas, Josiane Garcia de
; Takahashi, Tamara Akemi
; Figueiredo, Lara L.
; Fernandes, Paulo M.
; Camargo, Luiza Figueiredo
; Watanabe, Isabela Midori
; Foerster, Luís Amilton
; Fernandez-Triana, José
; Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio
.
ABSTRACT This is the first report of Cotesia scotti (Valerio and Whitfield) comb. nov. in Brazil, attacking larvae of the black armyworm, Spodoptera cosmioides, and the southern armyworm, S. eridania. The moth larvae were found respectively, infesting a protected cropping of organic tomato in Hidrolândia, Goiás, Brazil, and a transgenic soybean crop in São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil. Biological, molecular and morphological characters were used to confirm the identity of the specimens. Parasitoid identification presented a challenge since the species has most diagnostic characters of the genus Cotesia Cameron, but few in the poorly defined genus Parapanteles Ashmead. Based on morphological and molecular evidence, we transfer Parapanteles scotti to the genus Cotesia. The new combination is discussed by comparison with morphologically similar species and available molecular data.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2019.05.001
849 downloads
6.
Molecular characterization of a phytoplasma associated with a commercial variety of Momordica charantia
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ABSTRACT: Momordica charantia (bitter melon) presents two distinct types or varieties, known as wild type and commercial type. Plants of the wild type are hosts of a phytoplasma of the group 16SrIII-J, which is associated with a disease known as witches’ broom. However, this disease has not yet been reported in commercial bitter melon. Thus, symptomatic plants of the commercial type were analyzed in order to demonstrate the association between phytoplasmas and disease. In further assays, strains found in symptomatic plants of the commercial type were subjected to analysis of sequences of the secY gene to determine the extent of genetic diversity. Amplification of DNA fragments from genes 16Sr rRNA (1.2Kb) and secY (1.6Kb) revealed association of phytoplasma with symptomatic plants of the commercial type. Virtual Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis identified this phytoplasma as a member of the subgroup 16SrIII-J. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the phytoplasma was closely related to the representative of the 16SrIII-J subgroup. Molecular analysis indicated that the secY gene, in spite of the greater genetic variation compared with 16S rRNA gene, did not separate strains of the phytoplasma of the subgroup 16SrIII-J among those strains present in M. charantia.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2017-0312
1000 downloads
7.
Applicability of the body adiposity index to estimate body fat in adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus
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Rebesco, Denise Barth
; Souza, William Cordeiro de
; Lima, Valderi Abreu de
; Leite, Neiva
; Nesi-França, Suzana
; Furmann, Meiriélly
; Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M.
; Smolarek, André de Camargo
; Mascarenhas, Luis Paulo Gomes
.
Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano
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Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o nível de concordância entre o Absortometria de Raio-x de Dupla Energia (DEXA) na avaliação do percentual de gordura de adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). A amostra foi constituída por 34 adolescentes (16 meninos e 18 meninas) com idades entre 10 e 15 anos. Coletaram-se os dados de estatura e circunferência do quadril para cálculo do IAC, bem como avaliação do percentual de gordura via DEXA. O teste de Shapiro Wilk foi utilizado para verificar a normalidade dos dados. O teste de Wilcoxon foi realizado para comparar as variáveis de idade, antropométricas e IMC score Z, IAC e DEXA entre sexos. A correlação das variáveis (IAC vs DEXA) foi avaliada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Para análise dos escores residuais aplicou-se o teste de Bland-Altman. O coeficiente de Kappa (k) foi realizado para avaliar o nível de concordância entre o IAC e DEXA. Sendo assim, foi encontrada correlação fraca e não significante entre IAC e DEXA tanto nos meninos (r=0,19; p=0,46), quanto nas meninas (r=0,10; p=0,73). Dessa forma, foi possível perceber concordância fraca (k= 0,09) para ambos os sexos. Conclui-se que o IAC não é recomendado para estimar percentual de gordura em adolescentes com DM1.
ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to verify the level of concordance between Body Adiposity Index (BAI) and Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) in the evaluation of body fat percentage in adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The sample consisted of 34 adolescents (16 boys and 18 girls) aged 10-15 years. Height and hip circumference data were collected for BAI calculation, and fat percentage was evaluated using DEXA. The Shapiro Wilk test was used to verify data normality. The Wilcoxon test was performed to compare age, anthropometric and BMI, BAI z score and DEXA between sexes. The correlation of variables (BAI vs DEXA) was evaluated by the Spearman correlation coefficient. For the analysis of residual scores, the Bland-Altman test was applied. The Kappa coefficient (k) was performed to assess the level of concordance between BAI and DEXA. Therefore, weak and non-significant correlation between BAI and DEXA in boys (r= 0.19, p= 0.46), and girls (r= 0.10, p= 0.73) was observed. Thus, weak concordance was observed (k= 0.09) for both sexes. It was concluded that BAI is not recommended to estimate fat percentage in adolescents with DM1.
https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2019v21e55915
1203 downloads
8.
Silicon fertilization reduces the deleterious effects of water deficit in sugarcane
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Few studies have focused on water deficit for sugarcane, whose damage could be reduced with Si, as shown in other crops. This study aimed to determine whether Si fertilization enhances the best recovery of sugarcane after two periods of the formative phase (tillering and early grand growth) for RB86-7515 (drought tolerant) and RB85-5536 (drought sensitive), and which growth phase is beneficial for each cultivar. It was investigated: 1) the effect of Si fertilization on total Si uptake, and on soluble Si in soil; 2) whether Si uptake could provided increased stalk yield, juice quality, dry biomass compared to well-watered treatments. Two experiments were conducted in pots under greenhouse: one with RB86-7515 and another with RB85-5536. Treatments were: 1-Non-Deficit+Si, 2-Non-Deficit-Si, 3-Early Deficit (ED)+Si, 4-ED-Si, 5-Late Deficit (LD)+Si, and 6-LD-Si. Silicon fertilization provided best recovery of sugarcane (superior sugar, stalk yield, and dry biomass) after early and late water deficit compared to its absence for both cultivars. For RB85-5536, Si fertilization propitiated similar recovery for water deficit and continuous irrigation treatments. No differences were observed between periods of water deficit. Therefore, Si fertilization at planting should be considered another tool for reducing the damage caused by water deficit in sugarcane.
1570 downloads
9.
Estudo comparativo da resistência mecânica da força de compressão entre biomateriais naturais, sintéticos e mistos
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Catello, Josimar Del C.
; Dória, Renata G.S.
; Fantinato Neto, Paulo
; Camargo, Lázaro M.
; Chimano, Antônio C.
; Yamauchi, Kelly C.I.
; Ambrosio, Carlos E.
; Freitas, Silvio H.
.
RESUMO: As afecções ortopédicas com perda de tecido ósseo são um desafio tanto na medicina veterinária quanto na medicina humana. Portanto, não é raro ortopedistas se depararem com fraturas cominutivas irredutíveis de ossos longos, neoplasias ósseas ou não-uniões, que necessitam de procedimentos cirúrgicos reparadores, por meio da substituição de segmento ou preenchimento de falha óssea com o uso de biomateriais. Pretende-se com esta pesquisa avaliar e comparar a resistência mecânica entre biomateriais naturais, sintéticos e mistos. Foram utilizados sete grupos experimentais compostos por seis corpos de provas cada: Grupo 1 , tecido ósseo cortical de coelho (OSSO - controle); Grupo 2, cimento ósseo (CO); Grupo 3, cimento ósseo autoclavado (COA); Grupo 4, cimento ósseo e macrofragmento ósseo cortical de cão (COMaFO); Grupo 5, cimento ósseo e macrofragmento ósseo autoclavado de cortical de cão (COMaFOA); Grupo 6, cimento ósseo e microfragmento ósseo cortical de cão (COMiFO) e Grupo 7, cimento ósseo e microfragmento ósseo cortical de cão (COMiFOA). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos a ensaios mecânicos de compressão axial controlada em máquina universal de ensaio Emic®. O teste era interrompido quando ocorria queda brusca na curva do gráfico indicando falência da amostra. Em relação à Força máxima, os grupos COA, COMaFOA e COMiFOA não diferiram estatisticamente do grupo controle (OSSO; p>0,01). Já os grupos CO, COMaFO e COMiFO diferiram estatisticamente do grupo controle (OSSO; p<0,01). Quanto a rigidez relativa, os grupos COMaFOA e COMiFOA não diferiram estatisticamente do grupo controle (OSSO; p>0,01). Já os grupos CO, COA, COMaFO e COMiFO diferiram estatisticamente do grupo controle (OSSO; p<0,01). Comparando a deformação, os grupos COMaFo, COMaFOA e COMiFO não diferiram estatisticamente do grupo controle (OSSO; p>0,01). Já os grupos CO, COA e COMiFOA diferiram estatisticamente do grupo controle (OSSO; p<0,01). Conclui-se que apenas os grupos COMaFOA e COMiFOA apresentaram propriedades mecânicas muito semelhantes às do grupo controle (OSSO). Por isso, devido a essas características, esses dois biomateriais (COMaFOA e COMiFOA) seriam os mais indicados como substitutos na reparação de falhas ósseas.
ABSTRACT: The orthopedic diseases with bone loss are the challenge in both veterinary and human medicine. Therefore, the orthopedist commonly deal with irreducible comminuted fractures of long bones, bone tumors or non-unions, which require repairers surgical procedures, through the segment replacement or bone defect filling with biomaterials. The aim of this research is to evaluate and compare the mechanical strength of natural, synthetic and mixed biomaterials. Seven experimental groups of six test samples each were used: Group 1 rabbit cortical bone (BONE - control); Group 2, bone cement (CO); Group 3, bone cement autoclaved (COA); Group 4, bone cement and dog cortical bone macrofragment (COMaFO); Group 5, bone cement and bone autoclaved macrofragment dog cortical (COMaFOA); Group 6, bone cement and dog cortical bone microfragment (COMIFO) and Group 7, bone cement and dog cortical bone microfragment (COMiFOA). The specimens were subjected to axial compression mechanical tests controlled universal testing machine EMIC®. The test was stopped when there was sharp decline in the graph curve indicating failure of the sample. In relation to the maximum force, the COA groups COMaFOA and COMiFOA not statistically different from the control group (BONE; p> 0.01). Already the CO groups, COMaFO and COMIFO difeririram statistically the control group (BONE; p <0.01). The relative rigidity, the COMaFOA and COMiFOA groups did not differ statistically from the control group (BONE; p>0.01). Already the CO groups, COA, COMaFO and COMIFO differed significantly from the control group (BONE; p<0.01). Comparing the deformation, the COMaFo groups COMaFOA and COMIFO not statistically different from the control group (BONE; p>0.01). Already the CO groups, COA and COMiFOA differed significantly from the control group (BONE; p<0.01). It is concluded that only COMaFOA and COMiFOA groups showed very similar mechanical properties to the control group (BONE). Therefore, due to these characteristics, these two biomaterials (COMaFOA e COMiFOA) would be the most suitable as a substitute in the repair of bone defects.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2017000100015
2368 downloads
10.
The trophic niche of Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Testudines: Chelidae): evidence from stable isotopes
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Marques, Thiago S.
; Brito, Elizângela S.
; Lara, Neliton R.F.
; Beloto, Luciana M.
; Valadão, Rafael M.
; Camargo, Plínio B. de
; Verdade, Luciano M.
.
ABSTRACT Ecological niche is the multidimensional space comprising the resources used by an organism. Intraspecific variation in resource exploitation is common in reptile populations to maximize coexistence of individuals. The use of stable isotope analysis is an effective tool when there are variations in resource exploitation, since it can provide quantitative information about food consumption and habitat use. Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Bour, 1973) is a medium-sized turtle with a limited distribution in south central Brazil and Paraguay. In spite of that, little is known about its ecology. In this study we used stable isotope analysis to understand the intraspecific trophic niche variation in M. vanderhaegei at Serra das Araras Ecological Station, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The isotopic ratios of δ15N and δ13C were determined in claw samples collected from 14 males and 14 females. Isotopic niche width values were not statistically different between the sexes, there was a high degree of overlap between sexual niches and there were no relationships between isotopic compositions and body size. These results suggest that individuals of both sexes and throughout their ontogenetic development exploit food resources with the same isotopic baseline.
https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e19985
1313 downloads
11.
SEROLOGICAL DETECTION OF HEPATITIS A VIRUS IN FREE-RANGING NEOTROPICAL PRIMATES (Sapajus spp., Alouatta caraya) FROM THE PARANÁ RIVER BASIN, BRAZIL
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SVOBODA, Walfrido Kühl
; SOARES, Manoel do Carmo Pereira
; ALVES, Max Moreira
; ROCHA, Tatiana Carneiro
; GOMES, Eliane Carneiro
; MENONCIN, Fabiana
; BATISTA, Paulo Mira
; SILVA, Lineu Roberto da
; HEADLEY, Selwyn Arlington
; HILST, Carmen Lúcia Scortecci
; AGUIAR, Lucas M.
; LUDWIG, Gabriela
; PASSOS, Fernando de Camargo
; SOUZA Jr., Júlio Cesar de
; NAVARRO, Italmar Teodorico
.
Nonhuman primates are considered as the natural hosts of Hepatitis A virus (HAV), as well as other pathogens, and can serve as natural sentinels to investigate epizootics and endemic diseases that are of public health importance. During this study, blood samples were collected from 112 Neotropical primates (NTPs) (Sapajus nigritus and S. cay, n = 75; Alouatta caraya, n = 37) trap-captured at the Paraná River basin, Brazil, located between the States of Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul. Anti-HAV IgG antibodies were detected in 4.5% (5/112) of NTPs, specifically in 6.7% (5/75) of Sapajus spp. and 0% (0/37) of A. caraya. In addition, all samples were negative for the presence of IgM anti-HAV antibodies. These results suggest that free-ranging NTPs were exposed to HAV within the geographical regions evaluated.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-994658009
2206 downloads
12.
The effects of Cyclosporin A and Heteropterys tomentosaon the rat liver
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Freitas, Karine M. de
; Almeida, Jacqueline M.
; Monteiro, Juliana C.
; Diamante, Maria Aparecida S.
; Vale, Jéssica S.F. do
; Camargo, Camila
; Jorge, Marçal H.A.
; Dolder, Heidi
.
A Ciclosporina A (CsA) é uma droga imunossupressora amplamente utilizada que está associada a diversos efeitos colaterais, dentre eles hepatotoxicidade. Heteropterys tomentosaé uma planta brasileira eficiente na redução dos danos causados pela CsA nos testículos e próstata de ratos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da CsA e H. tomentosa(administrados isolada ou simultaneamente) no fígado de ratos Wistar. Os animais foram tratados diariamente com água (controle), CsA (15mg/kg/dia), infusão de H. tomentosa ou CsA+H. tomentosa, por 21 ou 56 dias. Os tratamentos não alteraram a morfologia do fígado nem causaram fibrose. A administração de H. tomentosapor 21 dias aumentou o número de núcleos de hepatócitos e proporção volumétrica de células de Kupffer. Após 56 dias de tratamento, a administração de H. tomentosanão alterou os parâmetros analisados. As dosagens bioquímicas plasmáticas e a estereologia do fígado revelaram danos causados pelo tratamento com CsA por 21 dias; estes resultados não foram observados após 56 dias de tratamento. O tratamento simultâneo com CsA e H. tomentosapor 21 e 56 dias não atenuou ou acentuou os efeitos hepáticos da CsA. O presente estudo revelou que o tratamento com a CsA por 21 dias causou mais alterações ao fígado que o tratamento durante 56 dias; isso pode estar relacionado a recuperação hepática após o tratamento a longo prazo.
Cyclosporin A (CsA) is a widely employed immunosuppressive drug that is associated with several side effects, among then hepatotoxicity. Heteropterys tomentosais a Brazilian plant efficient in reducing damage caused by CsA on the rat testis and prostate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CsA and H. tomentosa(administered isolated or simultaneously) on the liver of Wistar rats. The animals were treated daily with water (control), CsA (15mg/kg/day), H. tomentosainfusion or CsA+H. tomentosa, for 21 or 56 days. The treatments did not alter liver morphology or cause fibrosis. H. tomentosaadministered for 21 days increased the number of hepatocyte nuclei and Kupffer cell volumetric proportion. After 56 days of treatment, H. tomentosaadministration did not alter the parameters analyzed. Biochemical plasma dosages and liver stereology showed impairment caused by CsA-treatment after 21 days; these results were not observed after 56 days of treatment. The simultaneous treatment with CsA and H. tomentosafor 21 or 56 days did not alleviate nor accentuate CsA hepatic effects. The present study showed that the 21 days treatment with CsA caused more alteration to the liver than the 56 days treatment; this could be related to hepatic recovery after the long term treatment.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520130351
2271 downloads
13.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
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14.
Ground reaction forces during level ground walking with body weight unloading
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Barela, Ana M. F.
; Freitas, Paulo B. de
; Celestino, Melissa L.
; Camargo, Marcela R.
; Barela, José A.
.
Background: Partial body weight support (BWS) systems have been broadly used with treadmills as a strategy for gait training of individuals with gait impairments. Considering that we usually walk on level ground and that BWS is achieved by altering the load on the plantar surface of the foot, it would be important to investigate some ground reaction force (GRF) parameters in healthy individuals walking on level ground with BWS to better implement rehabilitation protocols for individuals with gait impairments. Objective: To describe the effects of body weight unloading on GRF parameters as healthy young adults walked with BWS on level ground. Method: Eighteen healthy young adults (27±4 years old) walked on a walkway, with two force plates embedded in the middle of it, wearing a harness connected to a BWS system, with 0%, 15%, and 30% BWS. Vertical and horizontal peaks and vertical valley of GRF, weight acceptance and push-off rates, and impulse were calculated and compared across the three experimental conditions. Results: Overall, participants walked more slowly with the BWS system on level ground compared to their normal walking speed. As body weight unloading increased, the magnitude of the GRF forces decreased. Conversely, weight acceptance rate was similar among conditions. Conclusions: Different amounts of body weight unloading promote different outputs of GRF parameters, even with the same mean walk speed. The only parameter that was similar among the three experimental conditions was the weight acceptance rate.
https://doi.org/10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0058
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15.
Clay mineralogy and magnetic susceptibility of Oxisols in geomorphic surfaces
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Camargo, Livia Arantes
; Marques Júnior, José
; Pereira, Gener Tadeu
; Bahia, Angélica Santos Rabelo de Souza
.
Studies analyzing the variability of clay minerals and magnetic susceptibility provide data for the delineation of site-specific management areas since many of their attributes are important to agronomy and the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of clay minerals, magnetic susceptibility, adsorbed phosphorus and physical attributes in Oxisols of sandstones in different geomorphic surfaces. For that purpose, soil samples were collected every 25 m along a transect located within the area where the geomorphic surfaces were identified and mapped. The transect occupied the central portion of 500 ha, where it was also sampled for density purposes with one sample per six hectares. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0.0-0.2 m. The results of the physical, chemical, mineralogical and magnetic susceptibility analyses were subjected to statistical and geostatistical analyses. The nature of the clay minerals and magnetic susceptibility was dependent on the variation of the soil parent material. High values of magnetic susceptibility were associated with the presence of maghemite and magnetite of coarse size. The spatial variability of crystallinity and the content of Fe oxides, as well as magnetic susceptibility, were dependent on the age of the geomorphic surfaces. The youngest surface had greater spatial variability of these attributes. The iron (goethite and hematite) and aluminum (gibbsite) oxides in the youngest geomorphic surface influenced the low values of soil density and high values of total pore volume, micropores and P adsorption. The characterization of the spatial variability of Fe oxides and susceptibility allowed for the delineation of homogeneous areas.
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