Abstract This article aims to bring a simple contribution to the recent debate in international doctrine whether the law produced by the State and, therefore, its legal norms, manages to regulate the universe of cyberspace, due to the refractory posture of global players in accepting any interference in this environment. The investigative effort will reside, based on the analysis of the thought of several international authors who are dedicated to this problem, if, in the technological, information and digital world society, there is currently some space reserved for state law in cyberspace and if there would be any future for it. It seeks to assess how the law must protect the man who doesn´t want this legal protection, preferring the rules established by cyberspace itself. The present investigation initially flies over the terrain of the characteristics of state legal norms and the function of law itself, embarking on the study to analyze how the production of rules in cyberspace by the Code has been revealed. It aims to know, in the light of the hypothetical-deductive method, if it is possible to construct a legal norma that is the result of the interpretative interaction between the rules of the Code and the norms of human rights. The result, in turn, achieved in this scientific research reveals that the most effective application-normative method to the cyberspace regulation process consists of producing interactives, developed from the limitation of the Code's rules by human rights norms.

Resumo Este ensaio almeja trazer singelo contributo ao recente debate na doutrina internacional se o direito produzido pelo Estado e, por conseguinte, as suas normas jurídicas, consegue regular o universo do cyberspace, em razão da postura refratária dos global players em aceitar qualquer interferência nesse ambiente. O esforço investigativo residirá, com base na análise do pensamento de vários autores internacionais que se dedicam a essa problemática, se, na sociedade tecnológica, da informação e do mundo digital, existe atualmente algum espaço reservado ao direito estatal no cyberspace e se haveria algum futuro a ele. Busca-se aquilatar como o direito há de proteger o homem que não quer essa proteção jurídica, preferindo as regras instituídas pelo próprio cyberspace. A presente investigação sobrevoa, inicialmente, sobre o terreno das características das normas jurídicas estatais e a função do próprio direito, enveredando o estudo para analisar como tem se revelado a produção de regras no ciberespaço pelo Code. Objetiva saber, à luz do método hipotético-dedutivo, se é possível construir possível norma jurídica que seja resultado da interação interpretativa entre as regras do Code e as normas de direitos humanos. O resultado, por sua vez, alcançado nesta pesquisa científica revela que o método aplicativo-normativo mais eficaz ao processo de regulação do cyberspace consiste em produzir interpretações interativas, desenvolvidas a partir da limitação das regras do Code pelas normas de direitos humanos.

Abstract The present work evaluated the agronomic behavior of species and varieties of Pleurotus submitted or not to the scratching technique. The cultivated species/varieties were Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus ostreatus var. Florida, and Pleurotus djamor, where half of the treatments were scratched before the first and second flushes, while the rest were only scratched before the second flush. Yield (%), biological efficiency (%), weight of mushroom (g) and number of mushrooms (uni) were evaluated. It was observed that scratching harmed the mushroom weight for P. ostreatus, where the treatment without scratching produced significantly higher values, in the first harvest flush. On the other hand, scratching favored yield and the number of mushrooms for P. djamor. When the species are compared, it is noted that P. ostreatus obtained a lower yield, which was also reflected in the biological efficiency. P. djamor stood out with a large number of mushrooms, statistically higher than the other species, on the other hand, producing mushrooms of low weight of mushroom. The use of the scratched technique is not recommended for the conditions used in the work, due to the increase in labor and loss of mushroom weight.

ABSTRACT: Treatment with prostaglandin F2α (PGF) induces ovulation and increases conception rates in cows, while improving embryo production in buffalos. However, its effect on superovulated cows is unknown. This study verified whether single PGF administration concurrent with artificial insemination (AI) improves fertilization and embryo production rates in superovulated cows. In each replicate, embryo donor cows were equally allocated to two groups: the untreated control and PGF groups. The latter of which received 482 µg of cloprostenol concurrent with the first AI. Each cow (n = 35) was subjected to two superovulations (SOV) in a crossover design (total = 70 embryo collections). In the control and PGF groups, respectively, the observed responses were [median (95% CI)]: 12 (10-18) and 15 (12-18) total structures, 9 (7-11) and 7 (6-10) viable embryos, 1 (0-1) and 1 (1-3) degenerated embryos, and 1 (0-3) and 2 (0-5) oocytes (P > 0.05). In conclusion, single PGF treatment concurrent with the first AI did not affect embryo production in superovulated cows.

RESUMO: A prostaglandina F2α (PGF) pode induzir a ovulação e melhorar tanto a concepção em vacas, como a produção de embriões em búfalas, mas o efeito em vacas superovuladas é desconhecido. Esse estudo teve como objetivo verificar se a administração de uma dose de PGF na inseminação artificial (IA) após a superovulação (SOV) melhora as taxas de fecundação e produção embrionária em vacas. Em cada replicação, vacas doadoras de embriões foram equilibradamente alocadas em dois grupos: controle, não tratado, ou PGF, que recebeu 482 µg de cloprostenol no momento da primeira IA. Cada doadora (n = 35) foi submetida a duas SOV em um delineamento crossover (total = 70 coletas de embriões). Nos grupos controle e PGF, respectivamente, foram observados [medianas (IC 95%)]: 12 (10-18) e 15 (12-18) estruturas totais; 9 (7-11) e 7 (6-10) embriões viáveis; 1 (0-1) e 1 (1-3) embriões degenerados; e 1 (0-3) e 2 (0-5) ovócitos (P > 0,05). Conclui-se que uma única administração de PGF no momento da primeira IA não afeta a produção embrionária de vacas superovuladas.

Abstract Hydrogels are used for wound treatment, as they may contain one or more active components and protect the wound bed. Papain is one of the active substances that have been used with this purpose, alongside urea. In this paper, carboxypolymethylene hydrogels containing papain (2% and 10% concentrations) and urea (5% concentration) were produced. Physical-chemical stability was performed at 0, 7, 15 and 30 days at 2-8ºC, 25ºC and 40ºC, as well as the rheological aspects and proteolytic activity of papain by gel electrophoresis. Clinical efficacy of the formulations in patients with lower limb ulcers was also evaluated in a prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind and comparative clinical trial. The results showed 7-day stability for the formulations under 25ºC, in addition to approximately 100% and 15% of protein activity for 10% and 2% papain hydrogel, respectively. The rheological profile was non-Newtonian for the 10% papain hydrogel tested. There were no significant differences regarding the mean time for healing of the lesions, although 10% papain presented a better approach to be used in all types of tissue present in the wound bed.

Abstract: This article examines communicative practices and modes of production in the creation process of the dance and performance group GRUA Gentlemen de Rua, in the period of the 2020 crisis, observing creative procedures that intersect with audiovisual media and the use of cyberspace, investigating whether these relationships are characterized as actions of resistance and reinvention. For this, we discuss documents generated by the Group, such as projects, notes, scripts, films, websites, etc. The theoretical foundation is structured from the critical theory of creation processes by Cecilia Almeida Salles and proposes dialogues with Edgar Morin, Pierre Musso, Zygmunt Bauman, Josette Féral and Vincent Colapietro, among others.

Résumé : Cet article examine les pratiques communicatives et les modes de production du processus de création du groupe de danse et de performance GRUA Gentlemen de Rua, dans la période de la crise de 2020, en observant les procédures créatives qui se croisent avec les moyens audiovisuels et l’utilisation du cyberespace, en cherchant si ces relations se caractérisent par des actions de résistance et de réinvention. Pour cela, des documents générés par le Groupe sont discutés, tels que des projets, des notes, des scénarios, des films, des sites Internet, etc. Le fondement théorique est structuré à partir de la théorie critique des processus créatifs de Cecilia Almeida Salles et propose des dialogues avec Edgar Morin, Pierre Musso, Zygmunt Bauman, Josette Féral et Vincent Colapietro, entre autres.

Resumo: Este artigo examina práticas comunicativas e modos de produção do processo de criação do grupo de dança e performance GRUA Gentlemen de Rua, no período da crise de 2020, observando procedimentos criativos que se cruzam com meios audiovisuais e com o uso do ciberespaço, investigando se essas relações se caracterizam como ações de resistência e reinvenção. Para isso, discutem-se documentos gerados pelo Grupo, como projetos, anotações, roteiros, filmes, sites etc. A fundamentação teórica estrutura-se a partir da teoria crítica dos processos de criação de Cecilia Almeida Salles e propõe diálogos com Edgar Morin, Pierre Musso, Zygmunt Bauman, Josette Féral e Vincent Colapietro, entre outros.

Abstract This article presents the results of a doctoral research that assessed how schools of excellence in the city of Rio de Janeiro manage school research and fight plagiarism. Three groups of actors from four schools were interviewed in a semi-structured way: teachers and specialized professionals who work in the 6th to 9th year of middle school and their students. Students declare that: (i) they plagiarize; (ii) do not present works drafted by them; (iii) they buy works from others; (iv) they make paraphrases without citing sources; (v) they make compendiums of quotations from unread works. Also, schools promote authorship construction and plagiarism is a major concern among all professionals. Thus, teachers should pay greater attention regarding an ethical-pedagogical approach when requesting and conducting school research. The work is based on a theoretical framework that values the dialogue between polyphonic voices in constructing authorship, and in fostering the construction of knowledge through school research.

Resumo Este artigo apresenta resultados da pesquisa de doutorado que aferiu como escolas de excelência da cidade do Rio de Janeiro gerenciam a pesquisa escolar e combatem o plágio. Foram entrevistados de modo semiestruturado três grupos de atores de quatro escolas: professores, profissionais especializados que atuam no 6º ao 9º ano do ensino fundamental II e seus respectivos alunos, com idades entre 11 e 15 anos. Estudantes declaram: (i) plagiar; (ii) não apresentar trabalhos por eles construídos; (iii) comprar trabalhos; (iv) parafrasear sem citar as fontes; e (v) realizar compêndios de citações de obras não lidas. Constatou-se que as escolas promovem a construção autoral e que o plágio é uma preocupação pungente entre todos os profissionais. Assim, aponta-se para a necessidade de uma maior atenção dos professores no que tange a um olhar ético-pedagógico ao solicitar e conduzir as pesquisas escolares. Inspirados por uma corrente de pensamento que sublinha o tratamento didático da questão da cópia (plágio), como fase anterior à punição (visão legalista), acredita-se no diálogo entre vozes polifônicas para construir autorias e fomentar a construção de conhecimentos por meio da pesquisa escolar.

Abstract The corn cropping system can influence the natural enemy identity and the number of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith, 1797 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) individuals infesting the cartridge, ear and stem of this plant. The objectives were to identify the S. frugiperda natural enemies and differences in the number of individuals infesting the cartridge, ear and stem of corn plants under conventional and organic cropping systems, in Brazil after an initial collection of adult males through semiochemical traps. We also evaluated key morphometrical parameters of the larva and factors contributing with the viability of S. frugiperda. A total of 16 and 136 adult males was trapped, and 1,124 and 1,112 larvae was recovered from conventional and organic systems with 4.7 and 6.7% of them parasitized by dipteran and hymenopteran, respectively. Most of the parasitoids recovered had occurrence in both cropping systems, except Cremastinae and Ophion flavidus Brullé, 1846 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), which were recorded only in organic and Campoletis sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) only in conventional corns. The number of parasitoids recovered was similar in corn plant samples between both cropping systems. A total of 152 and 31 larvae was recovered from corn ears under conventional and organic systems, respectively. Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) was recovered from all samples under conventional system. The larva length was overall similar between cropping systems. Parasitism by dipteran and hymenopteran, infection by microorganisms, larva mortality by undetermined causes, and differences in viability of S. frugiperda stages were factors contributing with the supression of this pest. The new associations and parasitoids reported represent possibilities of expanding the biological control strategies to manage S. frugiperda in corn crops.

■ ABSTRACT Traumatic amputations of the nasal tip are disfiguring injuries, which determine important social rejection, imposing additional suffering on the patient and those already caused by the wound and its functional limitations resulting from the trauma. Such defects represent a challenge for plastic surgeons, and several techniques can be adopted to treat this type of defect. This work shows three cases of traumatic amputation exclusively of the nasal tip with their respective treatments. They present a historical review and discussion of the different techniques used for nasal tip reconstruction, comparatively evaluating and emphasizing the technical evolution in plastic surgery armament.

■ RESUMO As amputações traumáticas da ponta nasal são lesões desfigurantes, que determinam importante rejeição social, impondo ao paciente um sofrimento adicional, além daqueles já causados pela ferida e suas limitações funcionais decorrentes do traumatismo. Tais defeitos representam um desafio para os cirurgiões plásticos, e existem diversas técnicas que poderão ser adotadas para tratar este mesmo tipo de defeito. Neste trabalho são mostrados inicialmente três casos de amputação traumática exclusivamente da ponta nasal com seus respectivos tratamentos, para em seguida apresentar uma revisão histórica e discussão das diversas técnicas utilizadas para reconstrução da ponta nasal, avaliando comparativamente e enfatizando a evolução técnica no armamentário da cirurgia plástica.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the economic feasibility of the chlorophyll meters SPAD-502 and ClorofiLOG CFL1030 for nitrogen fertilization management in corn using deterministic and probabilistic models for small farms. To do so, representative cash flows for corn production were analyzed using three variable rate fertilization systems based on different nitrogen sufficiency indices. Thus, for each system, eight scenarios of different-sized cultivation areas and two sampling methodologies of the chlorophyll meter index (CMI) were simulated as follows: scenarios 1, 2, 3 and 4 used the CMI average obtained from 30 individual samplings in 1, 3, 5 and 7 ha areas; scenarios 5, 6, 7 and 8 used the CMI average in zones (30 individual samplings per zone), with 3, 5, 7 and 9 zones in 1, 3, 5 and 7 ha areas, respectively. The economic feasibility of the sensors was determined using different economic indicators, such as the internal rate of return (IRR) and the net present value (NPV), considering a minimum rate of attractiveness (MRA) of 6% per year with an 8-year project horizon. The risk was assessed by the Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that regardless of the sampling approach, the SPAD-502 is economically feasible when acquired in Brazil or via importation through the USA in cultivation areas from 7 or 5 ha in size, respectively. Conversely, the ClorofiLOG CFL1030 could result in greater economic feasibility in areas from 3 ha.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue precisar la viabilidad económica de los medidores de clorofila SPAD-502 y ClorofiLOG CFL1030para la gestión de la fertilización nitrogenada en maíz, utilizando modelos deterministas y probabilísticos para pequeñas explotaciones. Con este fin, se analizaron flujos de caja representativos de la producción de maíz mediante tres sistemas de fertilización de tasa variable basados en diferentes índices de suficiencia de nitrógeno. Para cada sistema se simularon ocho escenarios de áreas de cultivo de distinto tamaño y dos metodologías de muestreo del índice clorofílico (CMI). En los escenarios 1, 2, 3 y 4 se utilizó la media del CMI obtenida de 30 muestreos individuales en áreas de 1, 3, 5 y 7 ha. En los escenarios 5, 6, 7 y 8 se usó la media del CMI por zonas (30 muestreos individuales por zona), con 3, 5, 7 y 9 zonas en áreas de 1, 3, 5 y 7 ha, respectivamente. La viabilidad económica de los sensores se determinó a través de diferentes indicadores económicos, como la tasa interna de rendimiento (TIR) y el valor actual neto (VAN), considerando una tasa mínima de atracción (TMA) del 6% anual con un horizonte de proyecto de 8 años. El riesgo se evaluó mediante la simulación de Montecarlo. Los resultados evidenciaron que, independientemente del enfoque de muestreo, el SPAD-502 es económicamente viable cuando se adquiere en Brasil o mediante la importación a través de EE UU en áreas de cultivo a partir de 7 o 5 ha, respectivamente. Por el contrario, el ClorofiLOG CFL1030 podría resultar más factible económicamente en áreas a partir de 3 ha.

Abstract In this theoretical essay, we assume ableism as a grammar that sustains several duplicities that hierarchize and discriminate reputed dissident corporalities. We maintain this argument based on the violation of rights to health and life of disabled people, travestis, trans and intersex people, and children and adolescents, in practices of surveillance and correction, which sustain health and education institutions, and Language as the central point of such enabling.

Resumo Nesse ensaio teórico assumimos o capacitismo como uma gramática que sustenta diversos duplos que hierarquizam e discriminam corporalidades reputadas dissidentes. Sustentamos esse argumento partindo da violação de direitos à saúde e à vida das pessoas com deficiência, pessoas travestis, transexuais e intersexos e das crianças e adolescentes em práticas de vigilância e correção, que sustentam as instituições de saúde e educação, e a Língua.

Resumo Nesse ensaio teórico assumimos o capacitismo como uma gramática que sustenta diversos duplos que hierarquizam e discriminam corporalidades reputadas dissidentes. Sustentamos esse argumento partindo da violação de direitos à saúde e à vida das pessoas com deficiência, pessoas travestis, transexuais e intersexos e das crianças e adolescentes em práticas de vigilância e correção, que sustentam as instituições de saúde e educação, e a Língua.

Abstract In this theoretical essay, we assume ableism as a grammar that sustains several duplicities that hierarchize and discriminate reputed dissident corporalities. We maintain this argument based on the violation of rights to health and life of disabled people, travestis, trans and intersex people, and children and adolescents, in practices of surveillance and correction, which sustain health and education institutions, and Language as the central point of such enabling.

RESUMO As doenças priônicas são uma importante causa de demências rapidamente progressivas. Entre elas, a mais comum é a doença de Creutzfeldt-Jakob (DCJ) esporádica. É uma enfermidade rara e incurável, com rápida progressão para óbito. Objetivo: Descrever a abordagem diagnóstica de uma paciente com doença de Creutzfeldt-Jakob. Métodos: O diagnóstico é estabelecido pelo quadro clínico associado a alterações características na ressonância magnética cerebral, no eletroencefalograma e pela análise de alterações específicas no líquido cefalorraquidiano. Resultados: O presente relato descreve o caso de um paciente de 53 anos na cidade de Fortaleza (CE). O diagnóstico foi feito com base na condição clínica e por meio de testes diagnósticos, incluindo proteína 14-3-3 e análise Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT QUIC). O diagnóstico diferencial foi realizado com outras causas rapidamente progressivas, como doenças infecciosas e imunomediadas. Conclusões: Por fim, foi estabelecido o diagnóstico de provável DCJ esporádica.

ABSTRACT Prion diseases are an important cause of rapidly progressive dementias. Among them, the most common is sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). It is a rare and incurable disease, with rapid progression to death. Objective: To describe the diagnostic approach of a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Methods: The diagnosis is established through the clinical picture associated with characteristic changes in the brain magnetic resonance imaging, the electroencephalogram, and analysis of specific changes in the cerebrospinal fluid. Results: The present report describes the case of a 53-year-old patient in the city of Fortaleza-CE. The diagnosis was made based on the clinical condition and through diagnostic tests, including 14-3-3 protein and RT QUIC analysis. Differential diagnosis was performed with other rapidly progressive causes, such as infectious and immune-mediated diseases. Conclusions: The diagnosis of probable sporadic CJD was established.

Abstract Background This study aims to validate the single-platform method for enumeration of CD34+ cells, by comparing the performance of two different commercial kits, as well as to evaluate the efficiency of the AccuriTM C6 cytometer in providing direct counts of absolute cell numbers. Method We evaluated 20 samples from umbilical cord blood (UCB), comparing the two different methodologies for enumeration of CD34+ cells: single and dual-platform. For the assessment of the single-platform, Procount and SCE kits were used, both of which use fluorescent beads as a counting reference to obtain absolute CD34+ cells numbers. Moreover, after the acquisition of samples in flow cytometer AccuriTM C6, following the protocol established for each kit, the number of CD34+ cells was recalculated, considering the cell count provided by the AccuriTM C6. Main Results In our analysis, the results showed a strong correlation between the number of CD34+ cells/μL (r2 = 0.77) when comparing the SCE kit and the current dual-platform method. On the other hand, the comparison between Procount kit and dual-platform results showed a moderate correlation for the number of CD34+/μL cells (r2 = 0.64). Conclusion Our results showed that the AccuriTM C6 flow cytometer can be used safely, applying both the dual and single platform analysis strategy. Considering the ISHAGE protocol-based single-platform approach, as the most appropriate methodology for CD34+ cells enumeration, our results demonstrated that the SCE kit has great potential for national standardization of UCB samples analysis methodology.