ABSTRACT Two studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of levels of soybean meal produced from damaged soybean grains replacing normal soybean meal on in vitro and in situ digestibility of ruminant diets as well as on intake, digestibility, and animal performance of growing/finishing lambs. In trial 1, we evaluated the in vitro digestibility of each soybean meals (normal and damaged), as well as diets containing levels of the damaged replacing the normal (0, 333, 667 and 1,000 g.kg−1) soybean meal on kinetic parameters of in vitro cumulative gas production, in vitro dry matter and crude protein digestibility, in situ rumen-degradable protein, rumen-undegradable protein, and in vitro intestinal digestibility of rumen-undegradable protein. In trial 2, we used 48 growing/finishing lambs to evaluate the effects of damaged soybean meal levels (0, 333, 667, and 1,000 g.kg−1) replacing normal soybean meal in feedlot diets (20:80 roughage:concentrate ratio) on intake and digestibility of nutrients and on animal performance. The damaged soybean meal presented lower values for total gas production and in vitro dry matter digestibility than normal soybean meal. Higher rumen-undegradable protein was estimated for damaged soybean meal than for the normal and consequently lower rumen-degradable protein for damaged compared to normal. Because of the lower rumen-degradable protein, damaged soybean meal promoted lower in vitro ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N) concentrations than the normal in feedlot diets. In the in vivo trial, there were no effects of damaged soybean meal levels in the diets on intake and digestibility of nutrients (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and fiber) as well as on total weight gain, average daily gain, carcass yield, or feeding efficiency. Thus, damaged soybean meal can fully replace the normal one in lamb feedlot diets (in up to of 1,000 g.kg−1 of the normal soybean meal) without causing adverse effects on intake and digestibility of nutrients and on animal performance.

Gafanhotos (Orthoptera, Acridoidea) em áreas de cerrados e lavouras na Chapada dos Parecis, Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Foi determinada a composição e abundância de espécies de gafanhotos usando amostragem com rede entomológica durante 3 anos de estudo na Chapada dos Parecis, estado de Mato Grosso. O levantamento foi feito em áreas de lavouras e com vegetação ainda nativa (cerrados) com, respectivamente, 56 e 59 locais inventariados em cada ambiente. Foram coletados 3.031 indivíduos de gafanhotos de 64 espécies distribuídas entre as famílias e subfamílias: Acrididae (49): Gomphocerinae (21), Ommatolampinae (10), Melanoplinae (6), Acridinae (4) Leptysminae (3), Copiocerinae (3), Proctolabinae (1) e Cyrtacanthacridinae (1); Romaleidae (1): Romaleinae (13) e Ommexechidae (1): Ommexechinae (2), além de 1550 ninfas. A diversidade de espécies foi maior no cerrado (61) do que nas lavouras (16), ocorrendo o inverso com relação à abundância onde as espécies Baeacris punctulatus (Thunberg, 1824) e Orphulella punctata (De Geer, 1773) predominaram representando 49,5% do total de indivíduos coletados em toda a Chapada dos Parecis e, juntas, somam 78,8% da abundância registrada nas áreas de lavouras e tem potencial de se tornarem pragas.

Grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Acridoidea) in native savanna and crop areas in Chapada dos Parecis, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. We determined the composition and abundance of grasshoppers using sweep net sampling during three years at the Parecis Plateau, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The survey was done in areas with crops and native vegetation (savanna) with, respectively, 56 and 59 sites available in each environment. 3.031 individuals of grasshoppers were collected from 64 species distributed among the following families and subfamilies: Acrididae (49): Gomphocerinae (21), Ommatolampinae (10), Melanoplinae (6), Acridinae (4) Leptysminae (3), Copiocerinae (3), Proctolabinae (1) and Cyrtacanthacridinae (1); Romaleidae (1): Romaleinae (13) and Ommexechidae (1): Ommexechinae (2) and 1550 nymphs. The differences were significant between the number of species found in the savannas (61) and in cultived areas (16). However, the abundance of Acridoidea was significantly higher in crops than in savannas areas which was influenced mainly by two Acrididae's species: Baeacris punctulatus (Thunberg, 1824) and Orphulella punctata (De Geer, 1773) which accounted for 49.5% of the total individuals collected across the Parecis Plateau and, together, they account for 78.8% of recorded abundance in the cultived areas, both species being potential pests.