Abstract This essay analyses the most significant findings of La dirigencia política argentina. De la organización nacional al Centenario, a recent book by Beatriz Bragoni, Eduardo Míguez y Gustavo Paz argentina Centenario Bragoni

Resumen Este ensayo analiza las contribuciones del libro La dirigencia política argentina. De la organización nacional al Centenario de Beatriz Bragoni, Eduardo Míguez y Gustavo Paz. argentina Bragoni Paz

Resumen La suplementación surge como una estrategia simple para mejorar la productividad animal en sistemas que adoptan praderas diferidas de pasto como dieta básica. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de los niveles de suplementación de harina de vaina de mezquite sobre la ingesta, la digestibilidad de los nutrientes y la ganancia de peso corporal (PC) de caprinos en pastoreo diferido. Treinta y cinco (35) caprinos machos (24.0 ± 2.9 kg PC) se distribuyeron en un diseño completamente al azar, con cinco tratamientos y siete repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistieron en un control de suplemento (0.05 % de PC de sal proteico-mineral) y niveles crecientes a 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 y 2.0 % de PC de suplementación con harina de vaina de mezquite. La ingesta de materia seca y nutrientes del forraje y la dieta total aumentaron linealmente (P<0.0001) en función de los niveles del suplemento. Se observó un efecto cuadrático (P<0.0001) para las variables de digestibilidad, excepto para el extracto etéreo y los carbohidratos no fibrosos, que presentaron un efecto lineal creciente (P<0.0001). Los niveles de suplementación aumentaron linealmente las variables de rendimiento (P<0.05). Se recomienda la suplementación del concentrado al 2.0 % de PC con harina de vaina de mezquite al 30 % en su composición para promover la reducción del ciclo productivo de los caprinos en praderas diferidas de pasto Urochloa.

Abstract Supplementation emerges as a simple strategy to improve animal productivity in systems that adopt deferred grass pasture as the basic diet. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of levels of supplementation of mesquite pod meal on intake, digestibility of nutrients, and body weight (BW) gain of goats in grazing deferred. Thirty-five (35) goat males (24.0 ± 2.9 kg BW) were distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and seven replications. Treatments constituted a supplement control (0.05% BW of protein-mineral salt) and increasing levels at 0.5; 1.0; 1.5, and 2.0% BW of supplementation with mesquite pod meal. Dry matter intake and nutrients of the forage and total diet increased linearly (P<0.0001) as a function of the levels of the supplement. A quadratic effect was observed (P<0.0001) for the digestibility variables, except for ethereal extract and non-fiber carbohydrates, which presented an increasing linear effect (P<0.0001). Supplementation levels increased linearly on the performance variables (P<0.05). It is recommended the concentrate supplementation at 2.0% BW with mesquite pod meal at 30 % in its composition for promoting the reduction of the productive cycle of goats in deferred Urochloa grass pastures.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the glucose metabolism of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in pretreatment and sustained viral response (SVR) periods. Materials and methods: This was an intervention pre-post study of 273 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated with DAAs from March 2018 to December 2019. Glycidic metabolism was evaluated through homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) – insulin resistance (IR) and HOMA-β indices and assessments of insulinemia and HbA1c levels. These parameters were analyzed with a T test by paired comparison of the means of the variables and Wilcoxon's test paired for the median; in the variables with an abnormal distribution, the Z score was generated for the mean in both the pretreatment and SVR periods. Statistical significance was considered at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Among 273 participants, 125 (45.8%) had prediabetes, and 50 (18.3%) had diabetes. In SVR, there was a significant increase in platelets, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and triglycerides and a significant decrease in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma GT and bilirubin. The HOMA-IR and HOMA-β indices increased in SVR from 1.95 to 2.29 (p = 0.087) and 71.20 to 82.60 (p = 0.001), respectively. Insulinemia increased from 7.60 μU/mL to 8.90 μU/mL (p = 0.011). HbA1c decreased from 5.6 to 5.4 (p < 0.001). Among patients with prediabetes and those with diabetes, the reduction in HbA1c values was significant (p = 0.006 and p = 0.026, respectively). Conclusion: SVR significantly impacts and leads to improvement in glucose metabolism in patients with chronic liver disease induced by hepatitis C virus.

Abstract Background Computerized cognitive training programs may have benefited the self-assessment of memory, quality of life, and mood among older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Objective To determine the subjective impacts of computerized cognitive training on mood, frequency of forgetfulness, memory complaints, and quality of life in the elderly using an online platform. Methods In total, 66 elderly participants of USP 60 +, a program for the elderly offered by Universidade de São Paulo, who voluntarily enrolled in the study were selected and randomized with an allocation ratio of 1:1 into 2 groups: the training group (n = 33) and the control group (n = 33). After signing the free and informed consent form, they answered a protocol which included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Memory Complaints Questionnaire (MAC-Q), the McNair and Kahn’s Frequency of Forgetfulness Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI), and the Control, Autonomy, Self-Realization, and Pleasure (CASP-19) questionnaire. The training cognitive game platform aimed to stimulate various cognitive aspects, including memory, attention, language, executive functions (reasoning, logical thinking), and visual and spatial skills. Results The participants of the training group showed a reduction in the MAC-Q, MacNair and Kahn, and GAI scores in the pre- and posttest comparison. Significant differences were identified between the groups regarding the total scores of the MAC-Q in the post-test, which was also evidenced by the logistic regression. Conclusion Participation in a computerized cognitive intervention promoted reductions in memory complaints, frequency of forgetfulness, and anxiety symptoms, in addition to improving self-reported quality of life.

Resumo Antecedentes Programas informatizados de treinamento cognitivo podem ter beneficiado a autoavaliação da memória, a qualidade de vida e o humor entre os idosos durante a pandemia de doença do coronavírus 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, em inglês). Objetivo Determinar os impactos subjetivos do treinamento cognitivo computadorizado no humor, na frequência de esquecimento, nas queixas de memória, e na qualidade de vida em idosos utilizando uma plataforma online. Métodos Ao todo, 66 idosos participantes do programa USP 60 +, oferecido à terceira idade pela Universidade de São Paulo, e inscritos voluntariamente no estudo, foram selecionados e randomizados em uma razão de 1:1 em 2 grupos: grupo treinamento (n = 33) e grupo controle (n = 33). Após assinarem o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, os participantes responderam a um protocolo que incluía um questionário sociodemográfico, o Questionário de Queixas de Memória (Memory Complaints Questionnaire, MAC-Q), A Escala de Frequência de Esquecimento de McNair e Kahn, a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS-15), o Inventário de Ansiedade Geriátrica (Geriatric Anxiety Inventory, GAI), e –o questionário de Controle, Autonomia, Autorrealização e Prazer (Control, Autonomy, Self-Realization, and Pleasure, CASP-19). A plataforma de jogos cognitivos de treinamento visou estimular diversos aspectos cognitivos, incluindo memória, atenção, linguagem, funções executivas (raciocínio, raciocínio lógico) e habilidades visuais e espaciais. Resultados Na comparação pré e pós-teste, os participantes do grupo de treinamento apresentaram redução nas pontuações do MAC-Q, da escala McNair e Kahn e do GAI. Diferenças significativas entre os grupos quanto às pontuações totais da escala MAC-Q no pós-teste também foram evidenciadas pela regressão logística. Conclusão A participação em uma intervenção cognitiva computadorizada promoveu reduções nas queixas de memória, frequência de esquecimento e sintomas de ansiedade, além de melhorar a qualidade de vida autorrelatada.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Genome sequencing has been proved to be an excellent tool to monitor the molecular epidemiology of the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, i.e., coronavirus disease 2019. Some reports of infected, vaccinated individuals have aroused great interest because they are primarily being infected with circulating variants of concern. To investigate the cases of infected, vaccinated individuals in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, we performed genomic monitoring to estimate the magnitude of the different variants of concern in these cases. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs from infected (symptomatic and asymptomatic), vaccinated or unvaccinated individuals (n=29), and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction cycle threshold value (Ct values) of ≤30 were subjected to viral sequencing using nanopore technology. RESULTS: Our analysis revealed that the Omicron variant was found in 99% of cases and the Delta variant was found in only one case. Infected, fully vaccinated patients have a favorable clinical prognosis; however, within the community, they become viral carriers with the aggravating factor of viral dissemination of variants of concern not neutralized by the currently available vaccines. CONCLUSION: It is important to acknowledge the limitations of these vaccines and to develop new vaccines to emergent variants of concern, as is the case of influenza vaccine; going through new doses of the same coronavirus vaccines is “more of the same.”

Abstract The purpose of this essay is to analyze legal proposals and public policies related to the entry and permanence of students with special educational needs in higher education, within a Latin American context that includes Mexico and Brazil. To conduct a comparative study, we use a historical-documentary methodology that examines educational legislation and its impact on public policies between 1996 and 2018. Our theoretical perspective is based on the concept of Civilizing Processes, as developed by Norbert Elias (1993; 1998; 2001; 2006; 2011). This perspective emphasizes how societies utilize social relations between different groups to form their constitution and interdependence processes, which in turn impact the actions of individuals as well as the state institutions that govern them. The data we present in this essay show that Mexico and Brazil have established legal frameworks that recognize the rights of students with special educational needs to access higher education. However, we also question the extent to which these legal documents are effectively implemented and how their failure to materialize can negatively impact our civilizing process, hindering progress towards a society that truly respects diversity and inclusivity.

Resumo O ensaio analisa legislações e políticas públicas para estudantes público-alvo da Educação Especial na Educação Superior, em contexto latino-americano entre México e Brasil. Para um estudo comparado, baseamo-nos na metodologia histórico-documental trabalhando legislações educacionais entre 1996 e 2018. A perspectiva teórica dos Processos Civilizadores, por Norbert Elias (1993; 1998; 2001; 2006; 2011), destacando um conjunto das relações entre indivíduos e grupos sociais para sua constituição, cujos processos de interdependência formam as figurações humanas e suas ações em paralelo aos Estados em que essas figurações compõem. Os dados demonstram que México e o Brasil contemplam legalmente o acesso de estudantes público-alvo da Educação Especial à Educação Superior. Questionamos sobre a aplicabilidade desses documentos e em que medida a não concretização impacta no Processo Civilizador e aprimoramento do respeito às diferenças.

Resumen El propósito de este ensayo es analizar las propuestas legales y sus políticas públicas para el ingreso y estadía de estudiantes con discapacidad en Educación Superior, en un contexto latinoamericano entre México y Brasil. Para un estudio comparativo nos basamos en la metodología histórico-documental sobre la legislación educativa que marcó las políticas públicas entre 1996 y 2018. La perspectiva teórica se basa en la idea de procesos civilizadores, desarrollada por Norbert Elias (1993; 1998; 2001; 2006; 2011), destacando que las sociedades utilizan para su constitución un conjunto de relaciones entre individuos y grupos sociales, cuyos procesos de interdependencia configuran las figuraciones humanas y sus acciones en paralelo a los Estados en los que estas figuras la componen. Los datos demuestran que México y Brasil están en condiciones de contemplar legalmente el acceso de las personas con discapacidad en la Educación Superior. Lo que hemos cuestionado es sobre la aplicabilidad de estos documentos legales y la medida en que su falta de materialización impacta nuestro proceso civilizador y la mejora de la condición humana que respeta las diferencias.

Resumo A participação social é um componente fundamental na promoção do saneamento rural. Entretanto, diferentes desafios conceituais e metodológicos sobre a utilização de metodologias participativas (MP) ainda despontam na literatura em relação a quem são os principais atores sociais envolvidos e como tais mecanismos de intervenção têm contribuído em ações de saneamento rural. Assim, esta pesquisa objetiva caracterizar a utilização das MP empregadas em soluções de saneamento rural por diferentes atores sociais, em nível estadual. Para tal, foram investigadas as experiências de saneamento rural no estado de Goiás realizadas com financiamento do poder público, entre 2007 e 2019, por intermédio de entrevista semiestruturada e aplicação de questionário a lideranças e/ou técnicos de entidades governamentais e da sociedade civil. Em síntese, as experiências investigadas apresentaram que ambas as categorias de atores sociais têm utilizado MP em suas abordagens, classificando-as por etapas e tipologias, em consonância com Geilfus. No estudo, concluiu-se que o emprego de MP contribuiu para o processo de sensibilização às questões socioambientais locais, bem como motivou uma reflexão crítica em relação à própria participação, estimulando, assim, maior intervenção e interação dos participantes com a agenda de discussão proposta.

Abstract Social participation is a fundamental component in the promotion of rural sanitation. However, different conceptual and methodological challenges on the use of Participatory Methodologies (PM) still emerge in the literature regarding who are the main social actors involved and how intervention mechanisms have contributed to rural sanitation actions. Thus, this research aims to characterize the use of PM employed in rural sanitation solutions by different social actors, at the state level. For this purpose, the experiences of rural sanitation in the state of Goiás carried ou with funding from the government, between 2007 and 2019, were investigated with semi-structured interviews and questionnaire application to leaders and/or technicians of government and civil society entities. In summary, the experiences investigated showed that both categories of social actors have used PM in their approaches, categorizing them by stages and typologies, in line with Geilfus. The study concluded that the use of PM contributed to the process of raising awareness about local socio-environmental issues and motivating a critical reflection regarding one’s own participation, thus stimulating greater intervention and interaction of participants with the proposed discussion agenda.

Abstract The Food Truck segment has become a food option with quality and reduced cost. The objective of the present work was to analyze the hygienic-sanitary quality of street foods sold in food trucks and to propose essential operational requirements for the control of hazards associated with this food sector. The cross-sectional descriptive study model was used with the application of a questionnaire to verify the hygienic-sanitary conditions of the food handlers of the trucks in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and a checklist to evaluate the structural conditions and compliance with the standards provided for in legislation. Among the handlers, 60% did not wash their hands properly, 62.9% did not have a training course and 18% of the trucks did not have a sink with potable water. Non-conformities were also observed at the points of sale, mainly due to the absence of an exhaust system and protection gutter for lamps. Thus, a proposal of essential operational requirements for food trucks was elaborated. There is a clear need to recognize this segment as an integral part of the commercialization of street food, proposing a specific control, increasing inspection, and use of a training program.

Abstract The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 causes a dreadful Coronavirus Disease namely COVID-19. Respiratory system is the primary target of the virus. It also impairs other major organs such as kidney, heart, liver, brain etc. Multiple novel variants of SARS-CoV-2 have appeared since the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic occurred which are linked to increased virulence, disease transmission and severity. The virus attacks the host signalling pathways to maintain a favourable environment for its spread. The present study focuses on the comprehensive analysis of major signaling pathways affected due to several variants of SARS-CoV-2 leading to abnormalities in cell growth and differentiation. The information was curated from the weblinks of several platforms like WHO, CDC, PANGO, Nextstrain clade and GISAID clade. The data on signaling pathways and comorbidities was generated by screening of different research and review articles. SARS-CoV-2 consolidates the cytoskeleton of the host for effective cell invasion and modulates the transcription processes to enable the translation of viral protein(s). These events lead to significant increase and prolonged hyper inflammation. Further, a decreased interferon (IFN) response along with increased interleukin production leading to cytokine storm is observed. Deregulation of interleukin pathways, TNF-α signalling through JAK/STAT-3 signalling, MAPK1, mTOR, PI3K are few other signalling pathways that are affected on SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review represents a comprehensive analysis of the vigorous life cycle of SARS CoV-2, its different variants affecting host signalling pathways which eventually cause dysfunctioning of several organs and development of comorbidities.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to select pear cultivars with production stability for the environmental conditions in the tropics. The design was in randomized blocks with 11 cultivars of pear, four replications and plots consisting of four plants. Between 2015 and 2019, the phenological were evaluated based on the beginning, full bloom, end and duration of flowering and harvest. The number and average fruit mass, yield per plant and estimated yield were also quantified. In the last year of evaluation, the quality of the fruits was quantified through the length and average diameter of the fruits, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids content and total soluble solids / total titratable acidity ratio. The data were submitted to the Scott–Knott grouping test and to quantify the divergence between cultivars was used the genetic distance. After detecting significant interaction between genotypes × environments, phenotypic stability of pear cultivars were analyzed by GGE Biplot methods for the estimated yield variable. The ‘Tenra’, ‘Triunfo’ and ‘Seleta’ cultivars are the most suitable for cultivation in regions with subtropical altitude climate. They are genetically similar, more adapted and stable, and have full or partial synchronized flowering for satisfactory productivity.

Abstract Background Physical activity is beneficial for maintaining health, quality of life, physical and psychological well-being. However, there are still few studies that have the practice of physical activity and vocal problems. Objective To identify the prevalence of vocal problems and their association with the level of physical activity in public elementary school teachers. Method A cross-sectional analytical study with a probabilistic sample of a single-stage conglomerate composed of 634 teachers was carried out. The dependent variable was the existence of vocal issues (four or more signs/symptoms). The independent variables were related to sociodemographic, occupational, and life and health aspects, and they were considered in the modeling as adjustment factors. The level of physical activity was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ (short version). Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple analyzes were performed (Poisson Regression). Results There was a high prevalence of vocal signs/symptoms (79.2%), as well as those with four or more signs/symptoms, called vocal problems (27.3%). In the adjusted final model, the prevalence of vocal problems was higher among female teachers (PR = 1.9), with a longer teaching period (PR = 1.3), with poor quality of life in the physical domain (PR = 1.9) and in the psychological domain (1.4), and among sedentary/insufficiently active teachers (PR = 1.3). Conclusion The practice of physical activity showed a relationship with vocal health even after controlling the other variables, which emphasizes the need for teacher awareness and encouragement regarding the practice of physical activity.

Resumo Introdução A atividade física é benéfica para a manutenção da saúde, qualidade de vida, bem-estar físico e psicológico. No entanto, ainda são poucos os estudos que abordam a prática de atividade física e os problemas vocais. Objetivo Verificar a prevalência de problemas vocais e sua associação com o nível de atividade física em professores de escolas públicas da educação básica. Método Estudo transversal analítico com amostra probabilística por conglomerado em estágio único composta de 634 professores. A variável dependente referiu-se à existência de problemas vocais (quatro ou mais sinais/sintomas). As variáveis independentes foram relacionadas aos aspectos sociodemográficos, ocupacionais, hábitos de vida e saúde, consideradas na modelagem como fatores de ajuste. O nível de atividade física foi mensurado pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ (versão curta). Procedeu-se à análise descritiva, bivariada e múltipla (Regressão de Poisson). Resultados Houve alta prevalência de sinais/sintomas vocais (79,2%), bem como daqueles com quatro ou mais sinais/sintomas, denominados de problemas vocais (27,3%). No modelo final ajustado, a prevalência de problemas vocais foi maior entre professores do sexo feminino (RP=1,9), com maior tempo de docência (RP=1,3), com qualidade de vida insatisfatória no domínio físico (RP=1,9) e no domínio psicológico (1,4) e entre os professores sedentários/insuficientemente ativos (RP=1,3). Conclusão A prática de atividade física mostrou relação com a saúde vocal mesmo após controle por outras variáveis, o que enfatiza a necessidade de conscientização e estímulo aos professores quanto à prática de atividade física.

Abstract Eggs quickly lose their quality if they are not in adequate conditions during handling, and adequate control of the entire production chain is essential, considering that the introduction of contaminants can occur at any stage of production. The Self-Control Programs (PACs) aims to guarantee the hygienic-sanitary quality of products and the steps of the program include the description, implementation, monitoring, and verification, being considered fundamental in the quality management in companies that produce food of animal origin in Brazil. The checklist for maintenance of facilities and equipment proposed in this study was developed by a multidisciplinary team covering egg processing units with a production of up to 3,600 units/day. The design thinking methodology was used in this context to facilitate the search for better ideas through discussions that could develop creative thoughts in an empathic and user-centered way. The proposed list collaborated as a quality measurement instrument with simple language and applicable to the small producer. It reinforced the need to meet the prerequisites for the proper functioning of the PAC, serving as a stimulus for the search for knowledge of the quality culture, through the constant observation of the paradigm required by regulatory agencies.

Abstract Social participation is a fundamental component in the promotion of rural sanitation. However, different conceptual and methodological challenges on the use of Participatory Methodologies (PM) still emerge in the literature regarding who are the main social actors involved and how intervention mechanisms have contributed to rural sanitation actions. Thus, this research aims to characterize the use of PM employed in rural sanitation solutions by different social actors, at the state level. For this purpose, the experiences of rural sanitation in the state of Goiás carried ou with funding from the government, between 2007 and 2019, were investigated with semi-structured interviews and questionnaire application to leaders and/or technicians of government and civil society entities. In summary, the experiences investigated showed that both categories of social actors have used PM in their approaches, categorizing them by stages and typologies, in line with Geilfus. The study concluded that the use of PM contributed to the process of raising awareness about local socio-environmental issues and motivating a critical reflection regarding one’s own participation, thus stimulating greater intervention and interaction of participants with the proposed discussion agenda.

Resumo A participação social é um componente fundamental na promoção do saneamento rural. Entretanto, diferentes desafios conceituais e metodológicos sobre a utilização de metodologias participativas (MP) ainda despontam na literatura em relação a quem são os principais atores sociais envolvidos e como tais mecanismos de intervenção têm contribuído em ações de saneamento rural. Assim, esta pesquisa objetiva caracterizar a utilização das MP empregadas em soluções de saneamento rural por diferentes atores sociais, em nível estadual. Para tal, foram investigadas as experiências de saneamento rural no estado de Goiás realizadas com financiamento do poder público, entre 2007 e 2019, por intermédio de entrevista semiestruturada e aplicação de questionário a lideranças e/ou técnicos de entidades governamentais e da sociedade civil. Em síntese, as experiências investigadas apresentaram que ambas as categorias de atores sociais têm utilizado MP em suas abordagens, classificando-as por etapas e tipologias, em consonância com Geilfus. No estudo, concluiu-se que o emprego de MP contribuiu para o processo de sensibilização às questões socioambientais locais, bem como motivou uma reflexão crítica em relação à própria participação, estimulando, assim, maior intervenção e interação dos participantes com a agenda de discussão proposta.

Abstract Objective: to investigate the association between depressive symptoms and physical inactivity in technical-administrative workers from a public university in the Northeast of Brazil. Methods: cross-sectional study. We assessed depressive symptoms and physical activity using, respectively, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. We used Poisson regression analysis, and estimated the prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95%CI. Results: 301 workers participated, of which 71.1% were female. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was of 25.7%, and 52.0% of the workers declared being physically inactive. Depressive symptoms and physical inactivity were associated to the effect modifiers “time worked to the institution ≤ 15 years” (PR: 3.03; 95%CI: 1.05;9.16) e “work position at administrative sectors” (PR: 1.90; 95%CI: 1.14;3.18). Conclusion: the results evidence the association between depressive symptoms and physical inactivity in technical-administrative workers of a public university of the state of Bahia. The the main factor associated are time worked to the institution and work position at administrative sectors.

Resumo Objetivo: investigar a associação entre sintomas depressivos e inatividade física em trabalhadores técnico-administrativos de uma universidade pública do Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado no estado da Bahia. Os sintomas depressivos foram avaliados pelo Patient Health Questionnaire-9 e o nível de atividade física pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Foi realizada análise de regressão de Poisson e estimadas as razões de prevalência (RP) e seus respectivos IC95%. Resultados: 301 servidores participaram do estudo, dos quais 71,1% do sexo feminino. A prevalência de sintomas depressivos foi de 25,7% e 52,0% dos servidores declararam ser fisicamente inativos. Sintomas depressivos e inatividade física se mostraram associados com os modificadores de efeito “tempo de trabalho na instituição ≤ 15 anos” (RP: 3,03; IC95%: 1,05;9,16) e “lotação em setores administrativos” (RP: 1,90; IC95%: 1,14;3,18). Conclusão: os resultados evidenciam a associação entre sintomas depressivos e inatividade física em trabalhadores técnico-administrativos de uma universidade pública do estado da Bahia, tendo como principais fatores associados o tempo de trabalho na instituição e a lotação do servidor.

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the genetic diversity, yield, and fruit quality of persimmon genotypes grown in the tropics, in order to select promising genetic materials. DNA extraction was performed on young leaves of 19 persimmon genotypes. For pomological characterization, 15 genotypes were selected. From each genotype, 50 fruit at the physiological maturity stage were harvested in the morning, in order to determine the following parameters: physicochemical characteristics; and the productive variables number of fruit per plant, average fruit fresh mass, average yield, and estimated average yield in two seasons. Twenty SSR markers were tested, out of which 12 were selected to evaluate genetic similarity, which allowed of the identification of distinct groups. The mean genetic diversity value found was 0.41, which is an indicative of low diversity among the analyzed persimmon genotypes. The 'Guiombo', 'Iapar 125', 'Kakimel', 'Mikado RJ', 'Rama Forte Tardio', and 'Taubaté' genotypes show a high yield. The genotypes classified as pollination-constant astringent ('Pomelo', 'Regina', 'Rubi', and 'Taubaté') and those classified as pollination-variant astringent ('Rama Forte', 'Guiombo', and 'Cereja') are potential materials for selection and genetic breeding programs due to their excellent fruit physicochemical characteristics. The investigation through molecular markers is an efficient approach to study the genetic diversity of persimmon genotypes grown in the tropics.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a diversidade genética, o rendimento e a qualidade de frutos de genótipos de caquizeiros cultivados nos trópicos, para selecionar materiais genéticos promissores. A extração de DNA foi realizada em folhas jovens de 19 genótipos de caqui. Para a caracterização pomológica, foram selecionados 15 genótipos. Para cada genótipo, 50 frutos foram colhidos pela manhã, no estágio de maturidade fisiológica, para determinar os seguintes parâmetros: características físico-químicas; e as variáveis produtivas número de frutos por planta, massa de matéria fresca média dos frutos, produtividade média e produtividade média estimada, em duas safras. Vinte marcadores SSR foram testados, dos quais 12 foram selecionados para avaliar a similaridade genética, o que permitiu a identificação de grupos distintos. O valor médio de diversidade genética encontrado foi 0,41, o que é indicativo de baixa diversidade entre os genótipos de caqui analisados. Os genótipos 'Guiombo', 'Iapar 125', 'Kakimel', 'Mikado RJ', 'Rama Forte Tardio' e 'Taubaté' apresentam alta produtividade. Os genótipos classificados como sendo de polinização constante adstringente ('Pomelo', 'Regina', 'Rubi' e 'Taubaté') e os classificados como sendo de polinização variante adstringente ('Rama Forte', 'Guiombo' e 'Cereja') são materiais com potencial para uso em programas de seleção e melhoramento genético, devido às suas excelentes características físico-químicas de fruta. A investigação por meio de marcadores moleculares é uma abordagem eficiente para estudar a diversidade genética de genótipos de caquizeiro cultivados nos trópicos.