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Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

Type C botulism outbreak in free-ranging waterfowl in Goiás
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Martins, Andressa S.

; Silva, Tamires A.

; Rosa, Isabella C.C.R.

; Oliveira, Alexia G.F.

; Oliveira, Márcio P.

; Saraiva, Júlia R.

; Dutra, Iveraldo S.

; Borsanelli, Ana Carolina

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e07166

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O botulismo é uma doença geralmente fatal, causada pela ingestão de neurotoxinas produzidas pelo Clostridium botulinum. O presente estudo descreve os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e laboratoriais de um surto de botulismo tipo C em aves aquáticas de vida livre habitantes de parque urbano em Quirinópolis, Goiás. De uma população de cerca de 80 aves aquáticas, um total de 30 aves, entre patos (Cairina moschata), marrecos (Anas platyrhynchos) e gansos (Anser cygnoides), morreram no intervalo de 10 dias. Destes, seis aves apresentaram sinais de paralisia flácida de membros pélvicos, pálpebras, pescoço e asas. Para confirmar a suspeita de botulismo, foram analisadas quatro amostras da água do lago, duas amostras da ração consumida pelas aves e amostras de soro, conteúdo intestinal, conteúdo estomacal e fígado de dois marrecos que morreram após apresentarem os sinais clínicos. Pelo bioensaio e neutralização com antitoxina homóloga em camundongos foi possível detectar a presença de toxina botulínica tipo C em uma amostra de água e no conteúdo intestinal de um dos marrecos necropsiados. Adicionalmente, pela reação em cadeia da polimerase identificou-se a presença de C. botulinum tipo C na água do lago. Com base nos sinais clínicos e resultados laboratoriais estabeleceu-se o diagnóstico de botulismo causado pela toxina botulínica tipo C e veiculada provavelmente pela água do lago.

ABSTRACT: Botulism is generally a fatal disease caused by ingestion of neurotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum. The present study describes the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory aspects of a type C botulism outbreak in free-living aquatic birds residing in an urban park in Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil. Among a population of approximately 80 waterfowl, a total of 30 birds, including ducks (Cairina moschata), teals (Anas platyrhynchos), and geese (Anser cygnoides), died within 10 days. Of these, six birds showed signs of flaccid paralysis of the pelvic limbs, eyelids, neck, and wings. To confirm the suspicion of botulism, four lake water samples, two samples of the feed consumed by the birds, and samples of serum, intestinal content, stomach content, and liver tissue from two teals that died after presenting clinical signs were analyzed. Using bioassay and neutralization with homologous antitoxin in mice, it was possible to detect the presence of botulinum toxin type C in a water sample and in the intestinal content of one of the necropsied teals. Additionally, the presence of C. botulinum type C was identified in the lake water using polymerase chain reaction. Based on the clinical signs and laboratory results, a diagnosis of botulism caused by botulinum toxin type C was confirmed with probable transmission by lake water.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7166

Effects of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and gold nanoparticles treatment on peripheral tissues
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RODRIGUES, MATHEUS S.

; MARTINS, JULIA N.

; PAULA, GABRIELA C. DE

; VENTURINI, LIGIA M.

; SILVEIRA, GUSTAVO DE B.

; STRECK, EMÍLIO L.

; BUDNI, JOSIANI

; ÁVILA, RICARDO A. MACHADO DE

; BEM, ANDREZA F. DE

; SILVEIRA, PAULO C.L.

; OLIVEIRA, JADE DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Suppl. 4 elocation e20211081

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cholesterol is a lipid molecule of great biological importance to animal cells. Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism leads to raised blood total cholesterol levels, a clinical condition called hypercholesterolemia. Evidence has shown that hypercholesterolemia is associated with the development of liver and heart disease. One of the mechanisms underlying heart and liver alterations induced by hypercholesterolemia is oxidative stress. In this regard, in several experimental studies, gold nanoparticles (AuNP) displayed antioxidant properties. We hypothesized that hypercholesterolemia causes redox system imbalance in the liver and cardiac tissues, and AuNP treatment could ameliorate it. Young adult male Swiss mice fed a regular rodent diet or a high cholesterol diet for eight weeks and concomitantly treated with AuNP (2.5 μg/kg) or vehicle by oral gavage. Hypercholesterolemia increased the nitrite concentration and glutathione (GSH) levels and decreased the liver’s superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Also, hypercholesterolemia significantly enhanced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GSH levels in cardiac tissue. Notably, AuNP promoted the redox system homeostasis, increasing the SOD activity in hepatic tissue and reducing ROS levels in cardiac tissue. Overall, our data showed that hypercholesterolemia triggered oxidative stress in mice’s liver and heart, which was partially prevented by AuNP treatment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211081

Immunoreactivity of proteins within 30-40 kDa range during the acute and the recovery phases in rats experimentally infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis
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Fonseca, Priscilla Duarte Marques

; Corral, Marcelo Andreeta

; Meisel, Dirce Mary C. Lima

; Levi, Debora

; Nascimento, Rafael Correa

; Castro-Borges, William

; Gryschek, Ronaldo

; Costa-Cruz, Julia Maria

; Paula, Fabiana Martins de

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2020, Volume 62 elocation e23

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In experimental infection with Strongyloides venezuelensis, the acute and recovery phases can be distinguished, unlike human infections caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of anti-Strongyloides IgG antibodies and the recognition of immunogenic protein bands during the acute and the recovery phases in rats experimentally infected with S. venezuelensis. Rats were infected subcutaneously with 400 or 4,000 S. venezuelensis infective larvae. The acute phase was characterized by elimination of a large number of eggs in the faeces on days 6-14 post infection; the recovery phase was characterized by the resolution of the infection between days 30 and 35 post infection. Differences in IgG levels were observed in the acute and the recovery phases. Different antigenic fractions were recognized in both phases of infection. It is concluded that proteins within the 30-40 kDa range are immunoreactive markers for both the acute and the recovery phases in rats experimentally infected with S. venezuelensis, particularly using membrane antigen.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202062023 373 downloads

In vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of Carica papaya seed hexane extract against Strongyloides venezuelensis
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Cabral, Eduardo Ramos Martins

; Moraes, Dayane

; Levenhagen, Marcelo Arantes

; Matos, Ricardo Alexandre Figueiredo de

; Costa-Cruz, Julia Maria

; Rodrigues, Rosângela Maria

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2019, Volume 61 elocation e59

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Strongyloidiasis is a human parasitic disease caused by the helminth Strongyloides stercoralis whose treatment is particularly difficult in immunosuppressed patients due to their low responsiveness to conventional therapy. Carica papaya and its isolated compounds benzyl isothiocyanate, carpaine and carpasemine are promising compound for the treatment of Strongyloides infections due to their anthelmintic action. This study aims to examine the in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of C. papaya seed hexane extract against Strongyloides venezuelensis, using egg hatching tests and larval motility tests as efficiency markers. The crude extract at the concentrations of 566 – 0.0566 mg/mL or the control with albendazole (0.025 mg/mL) and negative controls (water and PBS) were incubated with an equal volume of egg suspension (± 50 specimens) followed by counting of the specimens after 48 h. The same extract and dilutions were added to L3 larvae suspensions (±50 specimens) followed by analysis of larvae viability after 24, 48, and 72 h. The extract inhibited egg hatching with high efficiency at concentrations of 56.6 mg/mL (95.74%) and 5.66 mg/mL (92.16%). At the concentrations of 566 mg/mL (100%) and 56.66 mg/mL (97.32%), the extract inhibited larval motility as effectively as ivermectin (0.316 mg/mL; 100%), and more effectively than the other dilutions and the negative controls. The larvicidal effect depended on the extract concentration, but not on the treatment period. Therefore, C. papaya seed hexane extract has anthelmintic potential against S. venezuelensis and is a promising compound for the development of phytotherapies to treat strongyloidiasis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961059 1180 downloads

Surgery is unlikely to be enough for a patient to stop smoking 24 h prior to hospital admission
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Marinho, Igor Maia

; Carmona, Maria José C.

; Benseñor, Fábio Ely Martins

; Hertel, Julia Mintz

; Moraes, Marcos Fernando Breda de

; Santos, Paulo Caleb Junior Lima

; Vane, Matheus Fachini

; Issa, Jaqueline Scholz

Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia

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aug 2018, Volume 68 N. 4 Pages 344 - 350

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução A necessidade de cirurgia pode ser um fator decisivo para a cessação do tabagismo em longo prazo. Por outro lado, situações que precipitam o estresse podem precipitar a recaída do tabagismo. Decidimos avaliar o impacto de uma cirurgia no esforço do paciente para deixar de fumar durante pelo menos 24 horas antes da internação hospitalar e a possível recaída nas últimas 24 horas anteriores à internação em ex-fumantes. Métodos Fumantes, ex-fumantes e não fumantes adultos, quer de clínica pré-anestésica ou recentemente internados para cirurgias eletivas programadas que ficariam, no máximo, seis horas dentro das unidades hospitalares, foram incluídos no estudo. Os pacientes responderam um questionário na enfermaria ou na entrada da sala de operação (Grupo Internação) ou no início da primeira consulta pré-anestesia (Grupo Clínico) e fizeram mensurações dos níveis de CO. Resultados No total, 241 pacientes foram incluídos: 52 ex-fumantes, 109 que nunca fumaram e 80 não fumantes. Os fumantes apresentaram níveis mais elevados de monóxido de carbono expirado que os não fumantes e ex-fumantes (9,97 ± 6,50 vs. 2,26 ± 1,65 vs. 2,98 ± 2,69;p = 0,02). Entre os fumantes, o Grupo Clínico apresentou níveis de CO não estatisticamente diferentes daqueles do Grupo Internação (10,93 ± 7,5 vs. 8,65 ± 4,56; p = 0,21). Os ex-fumantes não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos Clínico e Internação para os níveis de monóxido de carbono (2,9 ± 2,3 vs. 2,82 ± 2,15; p = 0,45). Conclusão É improvável que uma condição médica, como uma cirurgia, sem assistência adequada seja suficiente para que um paciente pare de fumar, pelo menos, 24 horas antes da internação. A proximidade de uma cirurgia não foi associada à recaída do tabagismo nas 24 horas anteriores ao procedimento.

Abstract Introduction The need for surgery can be a decisive factor for long-term smoking cessation. On the other hand, situations that precipitate stress could precipitate smoking relapse. The authors decided to study the impact of a surgery on the patient's effort to cease smoking for, at least, 24 h before hospital admission and possible relapse on the last 24 h before hospital admission for ex-smokers. Methods Smoker, ex-smokers and non-smokers adults, either from pre-anesthetic clinic or recently hospital admitted for scheduled elective surgeries that were, at most, 6 h inside the hospital buildings were included in the study. The patients answered a questionnaire at the ward or at the entrance of the operating room (Admitted group) or at the beginning of the first pre-anesthetic consultation (Clinic group) and performed CO measurements. Results 241 patients were included, being 52 ex-smokers and 109 never smokers and 80 non-smokers. Smokers had higher levels of expired carbon monoxide than non-smokers and ex-smokers (9.97 ± 6.50 vs. 2.26 ± 1.65 vs. 2.98 ± 2.69; p = 0.02). Among the smokers, the Clinic group had CO levels not statistically different of those on the Admitted group (10.93 ± 7.5 vs. 8.65 ± 4.56; p = 0.21). The ex-smokers presented with no significant differences for the carbon monoxide levels between the Clinic and Admitted groups (2.9 ± 2.3 vs. 2.82 ± 2.15; p = 0.45). Conclusion A medical condition, such as a surgery, without proper assistance is unlikely to be enough for a patient to stop smoking for, at least, 24 h prior to admission. The proximity of a surgery was not associated with smoking relapse 24 h before the procedure.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2017.12.004 1511 downloads

Dynamometry for the measurement of grip, pinch, and trunk muscles strength in subjects with subacute stroke: reliability and different number of trials
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Aguiar, Larissa T.

; Martins, Júlia C.

; Lara, Eliza M.

; Albuquerque, Julianna A.

; Teixeira-Salmela, Luci F.

; Faria, Christina D. C. M.

Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy

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oct 2016, Volume 20 N. 5 Pages 395 - 404

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background Muscle strength is usually measured in individuals with stroke with Portable dynamometers (gold standard). However, no studies have investigated the reliability, the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimal detectable difference (MDD95%) of the dynamometry for the measurement of hand grip, pinch grip and trunk strength in subjects with subacute stroke. Objective 1) To investigate the intra and inter-rater reliability, the SEM and the MDD95% of the portable dynamometers for the measurement of grip, pinch and trunk strength in subjects with subacute stroke, and 2) to verify whether the use of different number of trials (first trial and the average of the first two and three trials) affected the results. Method 32 subjects with subacute stroke (time since stroke onset: 3.6 months, SD=0.66 months) were evaluated. Hand grip, 3 pinch grips (i.e. pulp-to-pulp/palmar/lateral) and 4 trunk muscles (i.e. flexors, extensors, lateral flexors and rotators) strength were bilaterally assessed (except trunk flexors/extensors) with portable dynamometry by two independent examiners over two sessions (1-2 weeks apart). One-way ANOVAs and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,k) were used for analysis (α=0.05). SEM and MDD95% were also calculated. Results For all muscular groups and sources of outcome values, including one trial, after familiarization, similar results were found (0.01≤F≤0.08; 0.92≤p≤0.99) with significant and adequate values of intra-rater (0.64≤ICC≤0.99; 0.23≤95%CI≤0.99) and inter-rater (0.66≤ICC≤0.99; 0.25≤95%CI≤0.99) reliability. SEM and MDD95% were considered low (0.39≤EPM≤2.21 Kg; 0.96≤MMD95%≤6.12 Kg) for all outcome scores. Conclusion Only one trial, following familiarization, demonstrated adequate intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the portable dynamometers for the measurement of hand grip, pinch grip and trunk strength in subjects with subacute stroke.

https://doi.org/10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0173 1974 downloads

Assessment of grip strength with the modified sphygmomanometer test: association between upper limb global strength and motor function
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Martins, Júlia C.

; Aguiar, Larissa T.

; Lara, Eliza M.

; Teixeira-Salmela, Luci F.

; Faria, Christina D. C. M.

Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy

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dec 2015, Volume 19 N. 6 Pages 498 - 506

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Grip strength, commonly evaluated with the handgrip dynamometer, is a good indicator of upper limb (UL) function in stroke subjects and may reflect the global strength deficits of the whole paretic UL. The Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST) also provides objective and adequate measures at low-cost. Objective: To assess whether grip strength values obtained by using the MST and those obtained by using a handgrip dynamometer would present similar correlations with the global strength and motor function of the paretic UL in subjects with stroke, both in the subacute and chronic phases. Method: Measures of grip strength (MST and handgrip dynamometer), UL global strength (MST and hand-held dynamometer), and UL motor function (Fugl-Meyer motor assessment scale) were obtained with 33 subacute and 44 chronic stroke subjects. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated and Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to investigate predictor variables of grip strength (α=0.05). Results: Significant correlations of similar magnitude were found between measures of global strength of the paretic UL and grip strength assessed with both the MST (0.66≤r≤0.78) and handgrip dynamometer (0.66≤r≤0.78) and between UL motor function and grip strength assessed with both the MST (0.50≤rs≤0.51) and hand-held dynamometer (0.50≤rs≤0.63) in subacute and chronic stroke subjects. Only global strength remained as a significant predictor variable of grip strength for the MST (0.43≤R2≤0.61) and for the handgrip dynamometer (0.44≤R2≤0.61) for both stroke subgroups. Conclusion: Grip strength assessed with the MST could be used to report paretic UL global strength.

https://doi.org/10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0118 3649 downloads

Assessment of muscular strength with the modified sphygmomanometer test: what is the best method and source of outcome values?
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Souza, Lucas A. C.

; Martins, Júlia C.

; Moura, Juliana B.

; Teixeira-Salmela, Luci F.

; Paula, Fátima V. R. De

; Faria, Christina D. C. M.

Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy

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apr 2014, Volume 18 N. 2 Pages 191 - 200

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO:Testes comumente utilizados para a avaliação clínica da força muscular apresentam importantes desvantagens. O Teste do Esfigmomanômetro Modificado (TEM) é promissor para esse fim, por ser barato e fornecer medidas objetivas.OBJETIVOS:Investigar o método e a forma de operacionalização mais adequados para avaliação da força muscular com o TEM.MÉTODO:Estudo metodológico, com 40 adultos saudáveis (22,98±2,26 anos), não praticantes de atividade física regular. A força dos músculos flexores/extensores de cotovelo e joelho e preensores palmares do lado dominante e flexores anteriores de tronco foi avaliada com os dinamômetros portáteis e diferentes métodos do TEM (adaptações da bolsa, da braçadeira e não adaptado) por um único examinador, em ordem aleatória, com leitura e registro dos valores por outro examinador. As operacionalizações investigadas foram: primeira repetição e médias de duas e três repetições. One-way ANOVA e Coeficientes de Correlação de Pearson foram utilizados para análises (α=0,05).RESULTADOS:Para todo os métodos do TEM, utilizados para avaliar os grupos musculares, foram encontrados valores similares para todas as formas de operacionalização(0,01<F<0,26;0,77<p<1,00) e correlações significativas e positivas com as medidas dos dinamômetros(0,51<r<0,94; p<0,003).CONCLUSÕES:Estatisticamente, os diferentes métodos do TEM se mostraram igualmente adequados para avaliação da força muscular de adultos saudáveis, e apenas uma repetição, após familiarização, foi suficiente para obtenção de resultados adequados. Nenhuma demanda de tempo para realizar a adaptação e a capacidade de mensuração de valores maiores de força muscular favorece o esfigmomanômetro não adaptado. Facilidade de treinamento para uso e estabilização favorecem o método da bolsa.

BACKGROUND: Tests that are usually employed for the clinical assessment of muscular strength have notable disadvantages. The Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST) is a promising method because it is low-cost and provides objective measures.OBJECTIVES: To investigate the most adequate method and sources of outcome values for the assessment of strength with the MST.METHOD: Methodological study with 40 healthy adults (22.98±2.26 years), who did not practice physical activity regularly. The strength of the flexors and extensors of the elbow and knee, the handgrip of the dominant side and anterior trunk flexors were randomly assessed with portable dynamometers and the MST (bag and cuff adaptations, and sphygmomanometer without adaptation) by a single examiner. An independent examiner read and recorded the values. The sources of the investigated outcome values were the first trial and the means of two and three trials. One-way ANOVAs and Pearson Correlation Coefficients were used for the analyses (α=0.05).RESULTS: For the MST methods applied to assess all muscular groups, similar values were found for all sources of outcome values (0.01<F<0.26; 0.77<p<1.00) with significant and positive correlations between the measures obtained with the dynamometers (0.51<r<0.94; p<0.003).CONCLUSIONS: All MST methods showed adequate results for the assessment of strength in healthy individuals, and after familiarization, only one trial was sufficient to provide reliable measures. The sphygmomanometer without adaptation is not time consuming, compared to the other adaptations, and showed the capability of measuring higher values of strength. The bag method was easily trained to be used and stabilized.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552012005000149 11519 downloads

10.

Atitudes dos enfermeiros face à família: validação da escala Families' Importance in Nursing Care - Nurses Attitudes
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Oliveira, Palmira da Conceição M.

; Fernandes, Henriqueta Ilda V.

; Vilar, Ana Isabel S. P.

; Figueiredo, Maria Henriqueta de J. S.

; Ferreira, Maria Margarida Silva R. S.

; Martinho, Maria Júlia C. M.

; Figueiredo, Maria do Céu A. B.

; Andrade, Luísa Maria da C.

; Carvalho, José Carlos M. de

; Martins, Maria Manuela Ferreira P. da S.

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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dec 2011, Volume 45 N. 6 Pages 1331 - 1337

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

The attitudes of nurses towards families determine the care process. With this study, we aimed to obtain an instrument that would allow us to learn about this variable. Hence, our purpose was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation and evaluate the psychometric features of the Portuguese version of the instrument Families' Importance in Nursing Care - Nurses Attitudes (FINC-NA), which aims to evaluate the attitudes of nurses towards the importance of involving the patient's family in the nursing care. The method recommended by the literature was followed. The sample consisted of 136 nurses working in primary health care. The results obtained in the reliability tests showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha=0.87). The psychometric study permits us to state that the Portuguese version of the FINC-NA, which in Portuguese is referred to as A importância das famílias nos cuidados de enfermagem - atitudes dos enfermeiros (IFCE-AE), is a reliable and valid tool.

Las actitudes adoptadas por enfermeros en relación a la familia condicionan el proceso de cuidar. En tal sentido, nos propusimos con este estudio, disponer de un instrumento que nos permita conocer esta variable. Así, nos propusimos efectuar la adaptación transcultural y evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión portuguesa del instrumento Families Importance in Nursing Care - Nurses Attitudes (FINC-NA), que apunta a evaluar actitudes de enfermeros acerca de involucrar a la familia en los cuidados de enfermería. Se siguió el método sugerido por la literatura. Muestra constituida por 136 Enfermeros de Atención Primaria de Salud. Los resultados obtenidos en pruebas de fiabilidad revelan buena consistencia interna para el total de ítems (Alpha de Cronbach=0,87). El estudio psicométrico nos permite afirmar que la versión en Portugués del FINC-NA, que denominamos La importancia de las familias en el cuidado de enfermería - actitudes de los enfermeros (IFCE-AE) es un instrumento fidedigno y válido.

As atitudes que os enfermeiros adotam em relação à família condicionam o processo de cuidar. Nosso propósito com este estudo foi nesse sentido: dispor de um instrumento que nos permitisse conhecer esta variável. Assim, nossa proposta foi efetuar a adaptação transcultural e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa do instrumento Families' Importance in Nursing Care - Nurses Attitudes (FINC-NA), que visa avaliar as atitudes dos enfermeiros acerca da importância de envolver a família nos cuidados de enfermagem. Foi seguido o método preconizado pela literatura. A amostra foi constituída por 136 enfermeiros dos Cuidados de Saúde Primários. Os resultados obtidos nos testes de confiabilidade revelam uma boa consistência interna para o total dos itens (Alpha de Cronbach = 0,87). O estudo psicométrico permite-nos afirmar que a versão em português da FINC-NA, que denominamos A importância das famílias nos cuidados de enfermagem - atitudes dos enfermeiros (IFCE-AE), é um instrumento fidedigno e válido.

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11.

Atitudes dos enfermeiros face à família: validação da escala Families' Importance in Nursing Care - Nurses Attitudes
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Oliveira, Palmira da Conceição M.

; Fernandes, Henriqueta Ilda V.

; Vilar, Ana Isabel S. P.

; Figueiredo, Maria Henriqueta de J. S.

; Ferreira, Maria Margarida Silva R. S.

; Martinho, Maria Júlia C. M.

; Figueiredo, Maria do Céu A. B.

; Andrade, Luísa Maria da C.

; Carvalho, José Carlos M. de

; Martins, Maria Manuela Ferreira P. da S.

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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dec 2011, Volume 45 N. 6 Pages 1331 - 1337

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

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12.

Implementação de um currículo com mudança radical: sentimentos de prazer e sofrimento
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Martins, Júlia Trevisan

; Robazzi, Maria Lúcia do Carmo C.

Cogitare Enfermagem

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aug 2005, Volume 10 N. 2 Pages 29 - 35

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

The present research aimed to verify if nursing teachers experience feelings of pleasure and suffering in their work due to the implementation of a radical curricular change. It focuses on the understanding of nurses' conception about their teaching role in their daily professional practice. It's a quantitative study, using the exploratory descriptive method, and a "Likert" type scale entailing (39) questions distributed in three factors: valueing, stress and recognition, indicators of pleasure and suffering, as the instrument. Thirty (30) nursing teachers of the Nursing graduation course of The State University of Londrina participated in this research. The results demonstrated that most nursing teachers feel more pleasure than suffering, because, they are often valued, sometimes, they are recognized and sometimes, they do not get stressed by their activities in the implementation of a radical curricular change. Those data reveal how important the relationships of the educational nurses with theirs tasks and colleagues are, once it is in this setting that the factors that directly interact in the feelings of pleasure and suffering are brought on.

Esta investigación ha tenido como objetivo verificar si las enfermeras docentes viven sentimientos de placer y sufrimiento generados en el trabajo a la implementación de cambio curricular radical. Es focalizada la comprensión acerca de la concepción que la enfermera tiene del ejercicio de su función como docente en el cotidiano de su práctica profesional. Este es un estudio cuantitativo que utiliza como método la descripción exploratoria, siendo usado como instrumento para recoger los datos una escala del tipo Likert, compuesta de cuestiones distribuidas en tres factores: valoración, desgaste y reconocimiento, los cuales son indicadores de placer y sufrimiento. Hicieron parte de esta investigación enfermeras docentes del curso de graduación en Enfermería de la Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Los resultados demostraron que la mayoría de las enfermeras docentes tiene más placer que sufrimiento, pues, frecuentemente, se sienten desgastadas en sus actividades en la implementación del cambio curricular radical. Los datos revelan cómo son importantes las relaciones de los docentes con sus tareas y sus colegas, pues en ese espacio se establecen los factores que interaccionan directamente en los sentimientos de placer y sufrimiento.

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar se as enfermeiras docentes vivenciam sentimentos de prazer e de sofrimento gerados no trabalho, frente à implementação de uma mudança curricular radical. Focaliza a compreensão a respeito da concepção que a enfermeira tem do exercício de sua função como docente no cotidiano de sua prática profissional. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, usando como método descrição exploratória, sendo que o instrumento utilizado para a coleta de dados foi uma escala tipo Likert composta de 39 questões distribuídas em três fatores: valorização, desgaste e reconhecimento que são indicadores de prazer e sofrimento. Fizeram parte desta pesquisa 30 enfermeiras docentes do curso de graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Os resultados demonstraram que a maioria das enfermeiras docentes tem mais prazer do que sofrimento, pois, freqüentemente, sentem-se valorizadas, às vezes, sentem-se reconhecidas e, às vezes, não se sentem desgastadas em suas atividades na implementação da mudança curricular radical. Esses dados nos revelam o quanto é importante as relações dos docentes com suas tarefas e com suas colegas, por ser neste espaço que se estabelecem os fatores que interagem diretamente nos sentimentos de prazer e sofrimento.

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13.

Estudo cinético da cristalização dinâmica de um poliéster líquido-cristalino termotrópico com espaçadores flexíveis na cadeia principal
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Martins, Júlia C. A.

; Novack, Kátia M.

; Gomes, Ailton S.

Polímeros

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jun 1998, Volume 8 N. 2 Pages 76 - 80

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foi realizado o estudo cinético da cristalização dinâmica de um poliéster líquido-cristalino termotrópico com espaçadores flexíveis na cadeia principal. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o mecanismo da cinética de cristalização do poliéster termotrópico semi-flexível através de um método não-isotérmico. O método empregado (método de Ozawa) permitiu descrever a cinética de cristalização dinâmica do poliéster e os valores de n (expoente de Avrami) encontrados correspondem a um crescimento de cristais em forma de feixe sem crescimento esferulítico posterior.

The study of dynamic crystallization kinetics of a thermotropic polyester with flexible spacers in the main chain was done. The aim of this study was to verify the crystallization kinetics mechanism of a thermotropic semi-flexible polyester by a dynamic method. The selected method (Ozawa method) has allowed to describe the crystallization kinetics and the values of n (Avrami exponent) correspond to sheaf-like aggregation without further growing into spherulites.

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