Abstract Fluorspar (CaF2) is the most used flux in hot metal desulfurizing mixtures. However, its use can cause refractory wear and environmental contamination, prompting research efforts to develop alternative desulfurizing mixtures. This study aims to investigate the replacement desulfurizing mixtures containing fluorspar by other desulfurizing mixtures containing a new flux developed without fluorspar named MIX. The influence of varying the mass of these desulfurizing mixtures, temperature, and stirring of the system on the efficiency of hot metal desulfurization was also studied. The desulfurization experiments were carried out in an electric resistance furnace, at a temperature of 1370°C. Hot metal samples were taken to measure the change in sulfur content in the experiments. FactSage 8.0 software, was used to determine the phases present in the desulfurizing mixtures, and these phases were correlated with the hot metal desulfurization efficiency. The efficiency of the desulfurizing mixtures was also correlated with the Desulfurization Factor. The results showed that desulfurizing mixtures containing fiuorspar are the most efficient mixtures. However, fluorspar-free desulfurizing mixtures containing MIX can achieve similar efficiencies with increases in mass, temperature, and system stirring. The results also showed that the most efficient desulfurizing mixtures are those with higher percentages of solid CaO and lower percentages of the solid phases 3CaO.SiO2 and CaS and, consequently, a higher Desulfurization Factor.

Resumo A mobilização de reservas e a utilização de metabólitos foram caracterizadas durante a germinação da semente e o estabelecimento da plântula em Pityrocarpa moniliformis, uma leguminosa endospérmica da Caatinga. As sementes foram germinadas sob condições controladas por quatro dias e as plântulas foram transferidas para hidroponia e mantidas em casa de vegetação durante quatro dias. As coletas foram realizadas em estágios fisiológicos distintos e reservas, metabólitos e atividades enzimáticas foram determinadas nas diferentes partes da plântula. Galactomananas armazenadas no endosperma e açúcares não redutores acumulados nos cotilédones foram mobilizados da germinação da semente à emergência do hipocótilo. Durante estes processos, a acumulação de açúcares redutores no endosperma coincidiu com o aumento do conteúdo de amido nos cotilédones e no eixo da plântula, indicando que os açúcares liberados das galactomananas podem ter sido utilizados na biossíntese do amido. A mobilização do amido e das proteínas de reserva nos cotilédones ocorreu mais tarde, do alongamento do hipocótilo à expansão dos cotilédones. A degradação do amido possivelmente sustentou a acumulação de amido e açúcares solúveis na raiz, enquanto a hidrólise das proteínas de reserva foi associada à acumulação de clorofilas nos cotilédones e à emergência da primeira folha. Assim, a mobilização das reservas exibe um padrão bifásico, permitindo o rápido estabelecimento da plântula como uma estratégia fisiológica para garantir a colonização do ambiente. moniliformis Caatinga processos tarde raiz folha Assim bifásico ambiente

Abstract Reserve mobilisation and metabolite utilisation were characterised during seed germination and seedling establishment in Pityrocarpa moniliformis, an endospermic legume from Caatinga. Seeds were germinated under controlled conditions for four days and seedlings were transferred to hydroponics and maintained at a greenhouse during four days. Samples were collected at distinct physiological stages and reserves, metabolites, and enzymatic activities were determined in different seedling parts. Galactomannans stored in the endosperm and non-reducing sugars accumulated in the cotyledons were mobilised from seed germination to hypocotyl emergence. During these processes, the accumulation of reducing sugars in the endosperm coincided with an increase in the starch content in the cotyledons and seedling axis, indicating that sugars released from galactomannans may have been utilised in starch biosynthesis. Starch and storage protein mobilisation in the cotyledons occurred later, from hypocotyl elongation to cotyledon expansion. Starch degradation possibly supported the accumulation of starch and soluble sugars in the root, while storage protein hydrolysis was associated with cotyledon greening and first leaf emergence. Accordingly, reserve mobilisation exhibits a biphasic pattern, enabling fast seedling establishment as a physiological strategy to ensure environmental colonisation. moniliformis Caatinga reserves metabolites parts nonreducing non emergence processes axis biosynthesis later expansion root Accordingly pattern colonisation

Resumo A análise numérica do comportamento de radiers estaqueados assentes em solo uniforme e de baixa capacidade de suporte tem se mostrado importante para subsidiar a concepção do projeto. A calibração do modelo numérico com uma prova de carga instrumentada permite que os resultados possam ser aplicados, dentro das condições estabelecidas, ao projeto de fundações para edificações de pequeno e médio porte assentes em solos com as mesmas propriedades mecânicas analisadas neste artigo. Nesse sentido, o artigo avalia modelos numéricos, que permitam estudar a influência de estaca curta executada por escavação acoplada ao radier. Os modelos também são avaliados a partir dos conceitos de radier estaqueado. A partir dos resultados obtidos, verifica-se que a carga suportada pela resistência lateral, significativa para o caso de estacas escavadas, é de 14% a 30% maior para radiers mais flexíveis ou com menores espessuras. A introdução de estacas nos radiers promove a redução de recalques e o aumento da rigidez do sistema, tendo seus efeitos ampliados para estacas com esbeltezes (L/d) mais elevadas.

Abstract Numerical analysis of the behavior of piled rafts seated on uniform soil with low bearing capacity has been important to support the project design. The calibration of the numerical model with instrumented load test allows usage of the results, in given conditions, in the foundation design of small and medium-sized buildings built on soils with the same mechanical properties analyzed in this paper. In this context, this paper evaluates numerical models, which allow to consider the influence of short bored piles connected to the raft. The models are also assessed using piled rafts concepts. From the results obtained, the load supported by the total shaft resistance is significant for the case of bored piles, and this load is from 14% to 30% higher in the case more flexible or thinner raft. Inserting piles in the rafts reduces settlement and increases overall stiffness. Such effects are amplified in piles with higher slenderness ratios (L/d).

Research in biosensing currently occupies an important role among biomolecular detection techniques, especially with respect to medical diagnoses. Is this sense, the development of biosensors based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (an optical transducer) or electrochemical transductions have been highlighted. However, optical and electrochemical detection working together enable more versatile detections in biosensing. Thus, we propose a dual sensor, which incorporates these two mechanisms on the same platform. The sensor shared the same transducer that was based on a glass-indium thin oxide (ITO) surface covered with gold nanoparticles. The transducer was prepared by the immobilization of gold nanoparticles on (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane-activated glass-ITO. The substrate ability to respond to physical surface variations was assessed. For this, measurements of the gold nanoparticles band redshift (plasmonic transduction) and charge transfer resistance from impedance spectra (electrochemical transduction) were performed. The platform was able to detect streptavidin immobilized on the surface by both mechanisms demonstrating its applicability as a device for biodetection in dual detection mode.

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is a collective oscillation of free electrons induced by the incident light in nanometric surfaces of conductive materials. Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have been studied for plasmonic devices due to their anisotropic properties. Herein, we report the construction of a specific biosensor using polyacrylamide (PAAm) as the gold nanorods support and test its efficiency with specific streptavidin interaction using biotinylated substrates. First, the hydrogels were synthesized by electropolymerization using cyclic voltammetry on ITO/glass substrates and swallowed with AuNRs. The AuNRs were characterized by visible absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The substrates were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and their plasmonic sensitivities were evaluated using sucrose solutions with different concentrations. The results showed a sensitivity of ca. 226.4 nm RIU-1 with linear correlation of 0.9974. Furthermore, this composite presented reliable detection of the streptavidin biomolecule in the gold surface with good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

ABSTRACT Microscopy and bacterial culture are the main tools in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Since the slow growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis impairs rapid diagnosis strategies, especially in countries where the latter are the only available resources, the ongoing development of new and inexpensive tools based on mycobacterial metabolism optimizing growth detection with preliminary identification is greatly welcome. When compared to the other species from the M. tuberculosis complex, M. tuberculosis is a strong nitrate reducer. Current assay compares the nitrate reductase activity of M. tuberculosis from pulmonary specimens cultivated in nitrate-supplemented media. Fifty-five sputum samples were decontaminated and inoculated in conventional (Middlebrook 7H9, Ogawa Kudoh-OK) and in nitrate-supplemented media (Middlebrook 7H9-N, Ogawa Kudoh-N). An aliquot from the media directly reacted with Griess reagent (7H9-N and OK-N) every five days, or transferred to a nitrate substrate solution (7H9, OK). Nitrate to nitrite reduction was considered positive, revealed by the pink color, indicating bacterial growth. As reference method, the Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) was used for sensitivity calculations and statistical analysis. 7H9-N and OK-N assays proved to perform better in detecting M. tuberculosis than conventional assays (7H9 and OK). Indeed, broth nitrate-supplemented medium (7H9-N) was comparable to MGIT to detect M. tuberculosis, except in growth detection time. Results show that 7H9-N may be used as an alternative tool particularly in low-income countries since it is a simple and cheap technique, and does not restrict diagnosis to single-source products.

Abstract In this study, an alternative method for recycling residues of labels and stickers (parings) containing biaxically oriented polypropylene (BOPP) and polyurethane-based glue was discussed. The recycling of this type of material is complicated, once the separation and the milling processes are difficult to be accomplished, due to the presence of a large amount of glue. In this study, sugarcane bagasse ash was used to enable the milling process of stickers residues. Composites were prepared with post-consumer polypropylene extrusion with different polypropylene/parings ash ratio. These materials were analyzed by tensile, three point flexural, hardness, density, water absorption, Izod impact tests, thermogravimetric analysis, environmental exposure and scanning electron microscopy. Addition of sticker residues/ash to the polypropylene matrix makes the material more rigid and does not affect significantly thermal and degradation properties. Thus, the recycling process proposed in this paper is environmentally and economically viable.

Resumo Atualmente existe preocupação em relação aos impactos ambientais provocados pela produção de resíduos sólidos, o que contribui para incrementar a mudança climática já presente. Ao serem dispostos em aterros sanitários, os resíduos sólidos geram biogás, produto da decomposição anaeróbia dos compostos orgânicos de origem animal ou vegetal. A presente nota de pesquisa faz uma estimação da quantidade de biogás e energia gerada da decomposição anaeróbia em um aterro sanitário na cidade de Três Corações, Minas Gerais. Para realizar a estimação dos parâmetros foram utilizados os modelos LandGEM (EPA) e Biogás (Cetesb), que mostraram resultados similares no momento de fazer a comparação, com uma variação de apenas 5% para ambos os modelos. Para o LandGEM, nos 20 anos de vida útil do aterro sanitário, existe uma produção de biogás acumulada de 26.075.960 m3, com uma energia acumulada de 128,68 GWh e potência média de geração de 242 kW. Para o modelo Biogás, a produção acumulada é de 27.476.360 m3, com uma energia acumulada de 141,31 GWh, para uma potência média de geração de 255 kW.

Abstract Currently there environmental concerns about environmental impacts generated by the production of solid waste, which helps to increase the existing climate change. The solids waste to be landfilled generate biogas product of anaerobic decomposition of organic compounds found within. This research note makes an estimate of the amount of biogas and energy generated of the anaerobic decomposition product in a landfill in the city of Três Corações, Minas Gerais. For estimating these parameters were used LandGEM (EPA) and BIOGAS (Cetesb) models. Both models showed similar results with a variation of 5%. LandGEM model has an accumulative biogas production of 26,075,960 m3, with an accumulated energy 128.68 GWh and media power generation of 242 kW. BIOGAS model has an accumulative biogas production of 27,476,360 m3 with an accumulated energy 141.31 GWh, for an average power generation of 255 kW.

Resumen Actualmente existe preocupación en relaçao aos impactos ambientales provocados por la producción de residuos sólidos, lo cual contribuye a incrementar el cambio climático ya existente. Al ser dispuestos en rellenos sanitarios, los residuos sólidos generan biogás producto de la descomposición anaerobia de los compuestos orgánicos de origen animal o vegetal.. La presente nota de investigación hace una estimación de la cantidad de biogás y energía generada de la descomposición anaerobia dentro de un relleno sanitario en la ciudad de Três Corações, Minas Gerais. Para realizar la estimación de estos parámetros fueron utilizados los modelos LandGEM (EPA) e BIOGÁS (Cetesb), que muestran resultados similiares al momento de hacer la comparación, con una variación de apenas 5% para ambos modelos. Para LandGEM en los 20 años de vida útil del relleno sanitario existe una producción de biogás acumulada de 26.075.960 m3, con una energía acumulada de 128,68 GWh y potencia media de generación de 242 kW. Para el modelo Biogás la producción acumulada de biogás es de 27.476.360 m3 con una energía acumulada de 141,31 GWh, para una potencia media de generación de 255 kW.

INTRODUÇÃO: A ruptura do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é frequente devido às atividades esportivas, e sua reconstrução tem sofrido constantes modificações com o aprimoramento das técnicas cirúrgicas.OBJETIVO: Avaliar radiologicamente o posicionamento dos túneis tibial e femoral com o uso da técnica transtibial auxiliada pela pré-perfuração femoral.MÉTODO: Análise radiológica (AP e perfil), na quarta semana de pós-operatório de 98 pacientes, totalizando 100 casos de reconstrução do LCA. Três examinadores avaliaram o posicionamento dos túneis tibial e femoral pelos seguintes métodos: Scanlan, Staubli e Rauschning e Bernard.RESULTADOS: O posicionamento do ângulo α (AP) foi de 64,13o(± 4,29o) e do ângulo β (perfil), de 57,28o (± 4,41o). A média de posicionamento tibial foi de 41,99% (± 5,14%). O enxerto do LCA foi inserido no côndilo lateral do fêmur e a média em porcentagem de posicionamento no quadrante verde foi de 62%, no quadrante amarelo, de 37% e de 1% no vermelho.CONCLUSÕES: A técnica transtibial de reconstrução do LCA auxiliada pela pré-perfuração femoral proporciona o posicionamento anatômico do enxerto na grande maioria dos casos, conforme comprovação radiológica.

INTRODUCTION: The rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is often due to sports activities and its reconstruction methods have undergone constant changes due to improvements in the surgical techniques.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the radiological placement of the tibial and femoral tunnels using the transtibial technique assisted by the femoral pre-drilling.METHOD: Radiological analysis (AP and lateral), at 4 weeks postoperatively in 98 patients, totaling 100 cases of ACL reconstruction. Three examiners evaluated the placement of the tibial and femoral tunnels. Methods for assessing the positioning of the tunnels were: Scanlan, Staubli and Rauschning and Bernard.RESULTS: The α angle (AP) was 64.13° (±4.29°) and the β angle (lateral) was 57.28° (±4.41°). The mean tibial positioning was 41.99% (±5.14%). The ACL graft was inserted into the lateral condyle of the femur and the average percentage of radiographic positioning in the green quadrant was 62%, the yellow quadrant, 37% and 1% in the red quadrant.CONCLUSIONS: The transtibial technique for ACL reconstruction, assisted by the femoral pre-drilling provides the anatomical position of the graft in the majority of the cases, as radiological evidence.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La ruptura del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) es frecuente debido a las actividades deportivas, y su reconstrucción ha sufrido constantes modificaciones con la mejora de las técnicas quirúrgicas.OBJETIVO: Evaluar radiográficamente el posicionamiento de los túneles tibial y femoral con el uso de la técnica transtibial auxiliada por la pre-perforación femoral.MÉTODO: Análisis radiográfico (AP y perfil), en la 4asemana de postoperatorio de 98 pacientes, totalizando 100 casos de reconstrucción del LCA. Tres examinadores evaluaron el posicionamiento de los túneles tibial y femoral por los siguientes métodos: Scanlan, Staubli y Rauschning y Bernard.RESULTADOS: El posicionamiento del ángulo α (AP) fue de 64,13o(± 4,29o) y del ángulo β (perfil), de 57,28o (± 4,41o). El promedio de posicionamiento tibial fue de 41,99% (± 5,14%). El injerto del LCA fue colocado en el cóndilo lateral del fémur y el promedio en porcentaje de posicionamiento en el cuadrante verde fue de 62%, en el cuadrante amarillo de 37% y de 1% en el rojo.CONCLUSIONES: La técnica transtibial de reconstrucción del LCA auxiliada por la pre-perforación femoral proporciona el posicionamiento anatómico del injerto en la gran mayoría de los casos, de acuerdo a la comprobación radiográfica.

The pork meat production industry is facing new challenges as a consequence of consumers' expectations regarding the quality and safety of food products. For the present study, experts and consumers in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil were interviewed to identify the attributes of pork loin that need to be improved. Consumers have particular concerns about the juiciness, fibrousness, and portion size of the meat, the diversity of cuts and safety and animal welfare. The supply chain was also analyzed in order to verify the procedural priorities that need to be improved in order to meet the demands of consumers. Experts were interviewed using the quality function deployment methodology. The findings of the study indicate that, improvements must be made in the production sector in terms of animal handling and transportation. In the processing sector, improvements are required regarding slaughter control of PSE and DFD, the development of new packaging, and product fractionation. The requirements in the distribution sector relate to information campaigns for consumers to diffuse the nutritional characteristics of pork loin and in the product safety through sanitary inspection.

Os objetivos do estudo foram: (a) investigar relações múltiplas entre variáveis sociodemográficas, psicossociais e de saúde sobre a qualidade de vida em idosos; e (b) investigar a validade do modelo pela correlação com sintomatologia depressiva. Participaram 339 idosos com idades entre 60 e 98 anos (M = 73,4; DP = 8,3), os quais responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, ao WHOQOL-100 e ao BDI. Pela análise de conglomerados os idosos foram distribuídos em dois grupos, conforme a percepção de qualidade de vida (melhor e pior) e, por meio de uma análise de regressão logística, verificou-se as variáveis que explicaram a melhor percepção de qualidade de vida. As variáveis classe social, percepção do estado de saúde, trabalho voluntário, uso de medicação e contexto de coleta se associaram à qualidade de vida (a capacidade preditiva de classificação correta foi de 72,3%, especificidade de 73,6% e sensibilidade de 71,1%). A correlação inversa das variáveis do modelo com os escores do BDI indicou evidências de validade do modelo. O modelo aqui encontrado pode fomentar políticas públicas que visem à promoção da qualidade de vida de idosos.

The objectives of this study were to investigate: (a) multiple relations between socio-demographic, psychosocial, and health variables and quality of life in the elderly and (b) the model's validity through correlation with depressive symptoms. The sample included 339 elderly individuals from 60 to 98 years of age (M = 73.4; SD = 8.3), who answered a socio-demographic questionnaire, WHOQOL-100, and BDI. Cluster analysis of the sample distributed the elders into two groups according to self-perceived quality of life (better versus worse), and logistic regression analysis identified variables that explained better quality of life. Social class, self-rated health status, volunteer work, use of medication, and data collection setting were associated with quality of life (predictive capacity for correct classification 72.3%, specificity 73.6%, and sensitivity 71.1%). The inverse correlation between the model's variables and BDI scores provided evidence of the model's validity. The model can help support public policies aimed at promoting quality of life in the elderly.

Los objetivos del estudio fueron: (a) investigar relaciones múltiples entre variables sociodemográficas, psicosociales y de salud sobre la calidad de vida en ancianos; e (b) investigar la validez del modelo por la correlación con la sintomatología depresiva. Participaron 339 ancianos con edad entre 60 y 98 años (M = 73,4; DP = 8,3), quienes respondieron a un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el WHOQOL-100 y el BDI. Por el análisis de conglomerados los ancianos fueron distribuidos en dos grupos, conforme la percepción de calidad de vida (mejor y peor) y, por medio de un análisis de regresión logística, se verificaron las variables que explicaron la mejor percepción de calidad de vida. Las variables clase social, percepción del estado de salud, trabajo voluntario, uso de medicación y contexto de recogida se asociaron a la calidad de vida (la capacidad predictiva de clasificación correcta fue de un 72,3%, especificidad de un 73,6% y sensibilidad de un 71,1%). La correlación inversa de las variables del modelo con los marcadores del BDI indicó evidencias de validez del modelo. El modelo aquí encontrado puede fomentar políticas públicas que tengan por objetivo la promoción de la calidad de vida de los ancianos.

Os objetivos do estudo foram: (a) investigar relações múltiplas entre variáveis sociodemográficas, psicossociais e de saúde sobre a qualidade de vida em idosos; e (b) investigar a validade do modelo pela correlação com sintomatologia depressiva. Participaram 339 idosos com idades entre 60 e 98 anos (M = 73,4; DP = 8,3), os quais responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, ao WHOQOL-100 e ao BDI. Pela análise de conglomerados os idosos foram distribuídos em dois grupos, conforme a percepção de qualidade de vida (melhor e pior) e, por meio de uma análise de regressão logística, verificou-se as variáveis que explicaram a melhor percepção de qualidade de vida. As variáveis classe social, percepção do estado de saúde, trabalho voluntário, uso de medicação e contexto de coleta se associaram à qualidade de vida (a capacidade preditiva de classificação correta foi de 72,3%, especificidade de 73,6% e sensibilidade de 71,1%). A correlação inversa das variáveis do modelo com os escores do BDI indicou evidências de validade do modelo. O modelo aqui encontrado pode fomentar políticas públicas que visem à promoção da qualidade de vida de idosos.

The objectives of this study were to investigate: (a) multiple relations between socio-demographic, psychosocial, and health variables and quality of life in the elderly and (b) the model's validity through correlation with depressive symptoms. The sample included 339 elderly individuals from 60 to 98 years of age (M = 73.4; SD = 8.3), who answered a socio-demographic questionnaire, WHOQOL-100, and BDI. Cluster analysis of the sample distributed the elders into two groups according to self-perceived quality of life (better versus worse), and logistic regression analysis identified variables that explained better quality of life. Social class, self-rated health status, volunteer work, use of medication, and data collection setting were associated with quality of life (predictive capacity for correct classification 72.3%, specificity 73.6%, and sensitivity 71.1%). The inverse correlation between the model's variables and BDI scores provided evidence of the model's validity. The model can help support public policies aimed at promoting quality of life in the elderly.

Los objetivos del estudio fueron: (a) investigar relaciones múltiples entre variables sociodemográficas, psicosociales y de salud sobre la calidad de vida en ancianos; e (b) investigar la validez del modelo por la correlación con la sintomatología depresiva. Participaron 339 ancianos con edad entre 60 y 98 años (M = 73,4; DP = 8,3), quienes respondieron a un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el WHOQOL-100 y el BDI. Por el análisis de conglomerados los ancianos fueron distribuidos en dos grupos, conforme la percepción de calidad de vida (mejor y peor) y, por medio de un análisis de regresión logística, se verificaron las variables que explicaron la mejor percepción de calidad de vida. Las variables clase social, percepción del estado de salud, trabajo voluntario, uso de medicación y contexto de recogida se asociaron a la calidad de vida (la capacidad predictiva de clasificación correcta fue de un 72,3%, especificidad de un 73,6% y sensibilidad de un 71,1%). La correlación inversa de las variables del modelo con los marcadores del BDI indicó evidencias de validez del modelo. El modelo aquí encontrado puede fomentar políticas públicas que tengan por objetivo la promoción de la calidad de vida de los ancianos.

O propósito desse estudo foi investigar os aspectos histopatológicos de cistos radiculares diagnosticados em uma população brasileira. Setenta e três casos de cistos radiculares entre 1480 biópsias diagnosticadas na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, entre 2001 e 2008, foram investigados, considerando os seus aspectos histopatológicos. Os resultados morfológicos mostraram que os achados mais comuns foram a exocitose (n=50), espongiose (n=40), acantose (n=28), epitélio atrófico (n=27) e células apoptóticas (n=21). Outros achados encontrados incluíram macrófagos espumosos (n=10), corpúsculos de Russell (n=7), imagens negativas de colesterol (n=7) e restos epiteliais odontogênicos semelhantes à tecido glandular (n=1). Material exógeno foi observado em 16 casos. Concluiu-se que os aspectos histopatológicos e clínicos observados foram comparáveis a outros descritos em outras populações.

The aim of this study was to investigate the histopathological features of radicular cysts (RCs) diagnosed in a Brazilian population. Seventy-three cases of RCs, from a total of 1480 biopsies diagnosed between 2001 and 2008 at the Laboratory of Oral Surgical Pathology of the Dental School of the Federal University of Bahia were investigated regarding their histopathological features. Morphological results showed that exocytosis (n=50), spongiosis (n=40), acanthosis (n=28), atrophic epithelium (n=27) and apoptotic bodies (n=21) were the most common findings. Other morphological findings included: foamy macrophages (n=10), Russell’s bodies (n=7), cholesterol crystals (n=7) and glandular-like odontogenic epithelial rests (n=1). Evidence of exogenous material was seen in 16 samples. It was concluded that the clinical and histopathological findings observed in Brazilian patients were comparable with those described for other populations.

Avaliou-se a percepção da qualidade intrínseca dos vinhos finos tintos elaborados no Rio Grande do Sul em comparação com seus principais concorrentes da Argentina e Chile. A análise sensorial foi realizada por 31 consumidores da classe de maior poder aquisitivo de Porto Alegre. O teste de aceitação propôs escalas hedônicas para avaliar os atributos sensoriais dos produtos. A análise estatística valeu-se de ANOVA e teste de Tukey. Os resultados demonstraram que a qualidade intrínseca dos vinhos brasileiros não representa um fator restritivo à competitividade do setor que pode ser alavancada com o desenvolvimento de estratégias de marketing consistentes.

This study evaluates the intrinsic quality of red wines from Rio Grande do Sul in comparison with their main competitors from Argentina and Chile. The organoleptic was evaluated by 31 consumers from Porto Alegre - representing the social segment with the upper purchasing power. The test proposed hedonic scales to evaluate the organoleptic attributes of the wines. The statistical analysis was based on the ANOVA and Tukey tests. The results demonstrated that the intrinsic quality perception of red wines produced in Rio Grande do Sul do not restrain the industry competitiveness which can be strengthened by consistent marketing strategies.

Apresentamos o tratado de direito natural Jean Burlamaqui, utilizado nos seminários e ensino de filosofia em Portugal, por volta de 1770. Nosso texto expõe as principais noções morais de sua teoria jusnaturalista, com objetivo de destacar como ela ajudou a configurar então os pressupostos para a reflexão política portuguesa.

This study focus on the work of Jean Burlamaqui, Principes du droit naturel, which has been used in the teaching of philosophy in Portugal, about 1770. The main moral notions of Burlamaqui's theory of natural law are exposed in this work with the purpose of emphasize its rule to constitute the preconceptions for a Portuguese political reflection.