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1.
Antiulcer mechanisms of the hydroalcoholic extract from Aztec marigolds’ medicinal and edible flowers (Tagetes erecta L.)
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MEURER, MARIANE
; FELISBINO, FABIULA
; MÜLLER, FABIANA B.
; SOMENSI, LINCON B.
; CURY, BENHUR J.
; JERÔNIMO, DANIELE T.
; VENZON, LARISSA
; FRANÇA, TAUANI C.S.
; MARIOTT, MARIHÁ
; SANTOS, ANA C.
; NUNES, RUAN KAIO S.
; BOEING, THAISE
; BELLA-CRUZ, ALEXANDRE
; SOUZA, PRISCILA DE
; ROMAN-JUNIOR, WALTER A.
; ARUNACHALAM, KARUPPUSAMY
; OLIVEIRA, RUBERLEI G.
; SILVA, LUISA M.
.
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
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Abstract The antiulcer mechanisms of the dry extract of T. erecta flowers (DETe) were studied here. The acute ulcers induced by acidified ethanol or indomethacin were reproduced in mice pretreated with DETe (3 - 300 mg/kg). The antiulcer activity of DETe was also verified in mice pretreated with NEM, L-NAME, indomethacin, or yohimbine. The antisecretory effect of DETe was verified in rats, and its anti-Helicobacter pylori activity was determined in vitro. DETe (300 mg/kg, p.o) reduced the ethanol- or indomethacin-induced ulcer by 49 and 93%, respectively. The pre-treatment with L-NAME, NEM or yohimbine abolished the gastroprotective effect of DETe. However, DETe did not change the volume, acidity, or peptic activity in rats and did not affect H. pylori. This study expands knowledge about the antiulcerogenic potential of DETe, evidencing the role of nitric oxide, non-protein sulfhydryl groups, α2 adrenergic receptors, and prostaglandins, but not antisecretory or anti-H. pylori properties.
2.
Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Mediated Transformation of Crotalaria ochroleuca: Production of Flavonoids from Hairy Roots
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Blank, Daiane E.
; Demuner, Antonio J.
; Carvalho, Jilma L. B.
; Firmino, Maria J. M.
; Figueiredo, Tainá S.
; Souza, Gustavo S. F.
; Zocolo, Guilherme J.
; Guedes, Jhonyson A. C.
; Faria, Daniele V.
; Vieira, Lorena M.
; Soares, Jéssica R.
; Fortini, Evandro A.
; Santos, Marcia A. C.
; Otoni, Wagner C.
.
Crotalaria ochroleuca (Fabaceae) is rich in bioactive compounds used for nematode control. Transformed root culture allows the production of a large amount of hairy root biomass, conditioned by auxin biosynthesis-related genes integrated via the process of Agrobacterium rhizogenes infection, which is known to cause a hairy root phenotype. We transformed A. rhizogenes to increase the biomass of hairy roots and optimized the process of production of bioactive compounds. The transformed nature of hairy roots was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, which confers kanamycin resistance. The transformed roots were cultured in full-strength in liquid media to realize the growth of hairy roots and the production of bioactive compounds. The transformed roots were grown in a culture medium supplemented with elicitors to produce total phenols, and flavonoids. Chromatographic analysis of transformed roots revealed the presence of flavonoids apigenin-6,8-C-diglucoside and luteolin-6-C-glucoside. The results were obtained by conducting physiological and biochemical studies with the Flavonoids and studying the pathways that led to the production of large amounts of bioactive compounds from the hairy roots of C. ochroleuca. It was observed that the extraction of the compounds significantly affected nematodes and insect larvae, resulting in significantly high levels of economic damage to crops.
3.
TiO2 Nanocrystals and Annona crassiflora Polyphenols Used Alone or Mixed Impact Differently on Wound Repair
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MOURA, FRANCYELLE B.R. DE
; FERREIRA, BRUNO ANTONIO
; MUNIZ, ELUSCA HELENA
; SANTOS, RINARA A.
; GOMIDE, JOSÉ AUGUSTO L.
; JUSTINO, ALLISSON B.
; SILVA, ANIELLE CHRISTINE A.
; DANTAS, NOELIO O.
; RIBEIRO, DANIELE L.
; ARAÚJO, FERNANDA A.
; ESPINDOLA, FOUED S.
; TOMIOSSO, TATIANA CARLA
.
Abstract Wounds treated with TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) show an improvement in healing time. However, little is known about the parameters that can contribute to this result. On the other hand, the treatment of wounds with polyphenols is widely known. These compounds are found in the peel of Annona crassiflora fruit and have antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the healing effect of TiO2 nanocrystals (TiO2-NCs), polyphenolic fractions obtained from ethanolic extract of A. crassiflora fruit peel (PFAC) and mix (PFAC + TiO2-NCs) on the parameters of wound closure, inflammation, collagen deposition, metalloproteinase activity (MMPs) and angiogenesis. TiO2-NCs and PFAC have activity for wound healing, showed anti-inflammatory action and a shorter wound closure time. These treatments also contributed to increased collagen deposition, while only treatment with TiO2-NCs increased MMP-2 activity, parameters essential for the migration of keratinocytes and for complete restoration of the injured tissue. The combination of PFAC + TiO2-NCs reduced the effectiveness of individual treatments by intensifying the inflammatory process, in addition to delaying wound closure. We conclude that the interaction between the hydroxyl groups of PFAC polyphenols with TiO2-NCs may have contributed to difference in the healing activity of skin wounds.
4.
Schools reopening and the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study from Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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POZZOBON, ALLAN P. B.
; PETRY, ANA C.
; ZILBERBERG, CARLA
; BARROS, CINTIA M. DE
; NEPOMUCENO-SILVA, JOSÉ L.
; FEITOSA, NATÁLIA M.
; GOMES NETO, LUPIS R.
; RODRIGUES, BRUNO C.
; BRINDEIRO, RODRIGO M.
; NOCCHI, KEITY JAQUELINE C.V.
; MURY, FLAVIA B.
; SOUZA-MENEZES, JACKSON DE
; SILVA, MANUELA L. DA
; MEDEIROS, MARCIO JOSÉ DE
; GESTINARI, RAQUEL S.
; ALVARENGA, ALESSANDRA S. DE
; SILVA, CARINA A.O.
; SANTOS, DANIELE G. DOS
; SILVESTRE, DIEGO HENRIQUE
; SOUSA, GRAZIELE F. DE
; ALMEIDA, JANIMAYRI F. DE
; SILVA, JHENIFER N. DA
; BRANDÃO, LAYZA M.
; DRUMMOND, LEANDRO O.
; CARPES, RAPHAEL M.
; SANTOS, RENATA C. DOS
; PORTAL, TAYNAN M.
; TANURI, AMILCAR
; NUNES-DA-FONSECA, RODRIGO
.
Abstract Since the first reported case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the public and private educational system started to close. Up to November 2020, scientific discussions about the return of schooling activities have been rarely performed by the national scientific community and police-makers. The great delay of school returning in Brazil contrasts with successful international strategies of school reopening worldwide and seems counterintuitive with the reopening of non-essential activities. Here, important issues to be considered before and during school reopening are reviewed and discussed. COVID-19 testing is essential to avoid disease spreading, but high cost of individual RT-qPCRs impairs an extensive testing strategy for school returning. To reduce costs and increase the speed of diagnosis, we tested the efficiency of a pooled-sample PCR strategy in a cohort of the educational staff in the city of Macaé/RJ, finding five asymptomatic individuals (0,66%) among the 754 people tested. Thus, a polled-sample PCR testing strategy of the educational staff might prevent infection spreading in schools at a reasonable cost. We discuss how our test strategy could be coupled with internationally recognized safety rules to allow for a safe school return and how countries from different world regions are dealing with educational activities during COVID-19 pandemic.
5.
Analysis of the vaccination status of older adults
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Ferreira, Pollyana Cristina dos Santos
; Oliveira, Nayara Gomes Nunes
; Tavares, Darlene Mara dos Santos
; Machado, Daniele Cristina Marques
.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as caracteristicas sociodemograficas, a capacidade funcional e a situacao vacinal de idosos, e verificar os fatores associados a situacao vacinal incompleta e a ausencia do cartao de vacinas. Método: Estudo transversal e analitico conduzido com idosos residentes na zona urbana de Uberaba (MG). Procedeu-se as analises descritiva, bivariada e regressao logistica multinomial (p<0,05). Resultados: Participaram 576 idosos. Predominaram os idosos do sexo feminino, na faixa etaria de 70├80 anos, com companheiro, baixa escolaridade e renda, que moravam acompanhados, independentes nas atividades basicas da vida diaria e com dependencia parcial nas atividades instrumentais. O maior percentual foi para os idosos que possuiam situacao vacinal incompleta, sobretudo em relacao a ausencia da imunizacao para Hepatite B. Foram associados a situacao vacinal incompleta a renda individual mensal ≤ 1 salario minimo (p=0,002) e o arranjo de moradia unipessoal (p=0,010); e a ausencia do cartao de vacinas, a menor escolaridade (p=0,039). Conclusão: As baixas renda e escolaridade, bem como residir sozinho, sao fatores associados as situacoes vacinais inadequadas dos idosos da comunidade. Ressalta-se a necessidade de que o enfermeiro da atencao primaria desenvolva estrategias para aumentar a cobertura vacinal entre os idosos com essas caracteristicas.
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics, functional capacity and vaccination status of older adults, and to verify the factors associated with the incomplete vaccination status and the absence of the vaccination card. Method: Cross-sectional and analytical study conducted with older adults living in the city of Uberaba (MG). The following analyzes were carried out: descriptive, bivariate and multinomial logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: A total of 576 older adults participated. Most of them were women, in the 70-80 age group, with partner, low education and income, living with someone, independent in basic activities of daily living and with partial dependence on instrumental activities. The highest percentage was for older adults who had incomplete vaccination status, especially regarding the absence of immunization for Hepatitis B. Individual monthly income < 1 minimum wage (p=0.002) and single-person housing arrangement (p=0.010) were associated with the incomplete vaccination status, and the absence of the vaccination card, with the lowest level of education (p=0.039). Conclusion: Low income and education, as well as living alone, are factors associated with inadequate vaccination status among older adults in the community. The need for primary care nurses to develop strategies to increase vaccination coverage among older adults with these characteristics is emphasized.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir las caracteristicas sociodemograficas, la capacidad funcional y la situacion vacunal de los adultos mayores y comprobar los factores asociados con la situacion vacunal incompleta y la ausencia del carnet de vacunacion. Método: Se trata de un estudio transversal y analitico llevado a cabo con adultos mayores residentes en el area urbana de Uberaba, Minas Gerais, mediante un analisis descriptivo, bivariado y de regresion logistica multinomial (p<0,05). Resultados: Participaron 576 adultos mayores. Predominaban las mujeres de edad avanzada, 70├80 anos, con pareja, bajo nivel de escolaridad e ingresos, que vivian solas, independientes en las actividades basicas de la vida diaria y parcialmente dependientes de las actividades instrumentales. El porcentaje mas alto correspondia a los adultos mayores que tenian un estado de vacunacion incompleto, especialmente en lo que respecta a la ausencia de inmunizacion contra la hepatitis B. Los ingresos mensuales individuales ≤ 1 salario minimo (p=0,002) y la disposicion de una vivienda unifamiliar (p=0,010) estaban asociados con el estado de vacunacion incompleta, y la ausencia del carnet de vacunacion, con un nivel de escolaridad bajo (p=0,039). Conclusión: Los ingresos bajos y la educacion, asi como el hecho de vivir solo, son factores que estan asociados a un estado de vacunacion inadecuado en adultos mayores de la comunidad. Es importante que el enfermero de atencion primaria desarrolle estrategias para aumentar la cobertura de vacunacion entre los adultos mayores con dichas caracteristicas.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2020007403723
263 downloads
6.
Fast Verification of Buffalo’s Milk Authenticity by Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy, Analytical Measurements and Multivariate Calibration
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Gonçalves, Ben-Hur R. F.
; Silva, Grazielly J.
; Jesus, Josane C. de
; Conceição, Daniele G.
; Santos, Leandro S.
; Ferrão, Sibelli P. B.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
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Mid-infrared spectroscopy (MID), chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics associated with chemometrics were used to rapidly detect and quantify the amount of cow’s milk added in buffalo’s milk. A total of 165 samples, divided into buffalo’s milk, buffalo’s milk added with cow’s milk (10 to 90%) and cow’s milk were evaluated to obtain fat, protein, lactose, total and defatted solids, urea, pH, acidity, cryoscopic index and band absorbances in the spectra associated with principal component analysis (PCA), multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least squares regression (PLS). The treatments were separated into groups by PCA, allowing the classification of samples. MLR and PLS models were able to predict cow’s milk contents in buffalo’s milk. MID and results of the analytical measures studied when associated with chemometrics are efficient in the rapid quantitative detection of adulteration in buffalo’s milk.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200030
222 downloads
7.
Use of FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Analysis as a Screening Tool to Identify Adulterants in Raw Milk
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Conceição, Daniele G.
; Gonçalves, Ben-Hur R. F.
; Hora, Fernanda F. da
; Faleiro, Amanda S.
; Santos, Leandro S.
; Ferrão, Sibelli P. B.
.
The objective of this study was to use Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis to identify adulterations in raw milk and in samples from producers. Five levels of concentration of sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, starch, sucrose and urea were used. A total of 620 samples previously adulterated, frozen and lyophilized were analyzed in FTIR-attenuated total reflection (ATR) equipment and 15 peaks of the spectra were obtained. With the multiple linear regression method for samples adulterated with sodium bicarbonate, sucrose and urea, a coefficient greater than 75% was obtained, and with artificial neural networks all adulterated samples obtained a percentage of correctness greater than 76.6%, making it possible to identify adulterants from 0.1%. Of the 249 samples of producers analyzed, 2.4% were adulterated. With the use of FTIR allied to the multivariate analysis as a screening method, it was possible to obtain a satisfactory classification for the adulterated samples in this study.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180208
973 downloads
8.
Accidental poisoning by castor bean (Ricinus communis) cake in horses
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Montão, Daniele P.
; Araújo, Bruna T.S.
; Santos, Tiago F.S.
; Lima, Danielli B.
; Gonçalves, Fábio T.
; Duarte, Marcos D.
; Riet-Correa, Gabriela
; Bezerra Júnior, Pedro S.
.
RESUMO: Ricinus communis é um arbusto da família Euphorbiaceae conhecido popularmente como “mamona” ou “carrapateira”. A planta é considerada oleaginosa e suas sementes têm sido utilizadas, principalmente, na produção de biodiesel. A extração do óleo pode ser mecânica ou com solventes, gerando, como subprodutos, a torta de mamona e a farinha de mamona, respectivamente. A ingestão acidental desses subprodutos pode causar intoxicação em animais e humanos, caracterizada por sinais digestivos devido a toxalbumina ricina. A toxidez das sementes varia entre as espécies animais, em equinos a dose letal de sementes é de 0,1g/kg de peso vivo. Há vasta literatura sobre a intoxicação por R. communis em diferentes espécies animais e humanos. Em relação aos equinos os relatos são escassos e com poucas informações sobre os aspectos patológicos da intoxicação. Assim, os objetivos do presente estudo foram descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos observados em um surto de intoxicação acidental por torta de mamona em equinos. Os equinos eram suplementados com torta de dendê (Elaeis guianeesis), no entanto, na compra de uma nova partida, houve um erro no pedido sendo solicitada torta de mamona. Os quatro equinos que receberam a torta de mamona apresentaram sinais clínicos indicativos de cólica, que iniciaram cerca de 21 horas após administração. Três destes morreram, com evolução clínica 2 a 4,5 horas, o outro animal foi tratado com fluidoterapia intravenosa, antibioticoterapia e anti-inflamatório não esteroidal, recuperando-se em 5 dias. Na necropsia de dois destes equinos, as principais lesões foram encontradas no intestino delgado, sendo observadas mucosas com avermelhamento acentuado e recobertas por fina camada de material amarelado fibrinoso. No lúmen intestinal, havia grande quantidade de líquido sanguinolento. O estômago estava repleto de grumos escuros semelhantes às sementes trituradas da mamona em meio ao conteúdo. As adrenais de ambos equinos apresentavam congestão e hemorragias corticais. Na microscopia, a principal lesão foi uma enteropatia fibrino-necrótica, aguda, difusa e acentuada, afetando com maior intensidade o jejuno. O diagnóstico de intoxicação por torta de mamona foi baseado na evidência circunstancial de consumo do subproduto, sendo corroborado pelos aspectos clínicos e patológicos. Os resultados indicam que a torta de mamona vendida para fertilização do solo é extremamente tóxica quando ingerida, havendo a necessidade de detoxicação ou rotulagem adequada informando sobre a sua toxicidade.
Abstract: Ricinus communis is a shrub of the family Euphorbiaceae popularly known in Brazil as “mamona” or “carrapateira”. It is an oleaginous plant whose seeds have been used mainly in biodiesel production. Plant seed oil can be extracted mechanically or using solvents, generating castor bean cake and castor bean meal as by-products, respectively. Accidental ingestion of these by-products can cause poisoning in animals and humans, characterized by digestive signs resulting from the presence of a toxalbumin called ricin. Seed toxicity varies among animal species; in horses, the lethal dose of seeds is 0.1 g/kg of body weight. The literature presents plenty of studies addressing poisoning by R. communis in different animal species and in humans; however, reports are scarce and little information is available on the pathological aspects of poisoning regarding equines. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects observed in an outbreak of accidental poisoning with castor bean cake in horses. The equines were supplemented with palm kernel (Elaeis guianeesis) cake; however, in the purchase of a new batch, there was an error in the order, and castor bean cake was requested instead. Four horses that received castor bean cake presented clinical signs indicative of colic, which started about 21 hours after administration. Three of these horses died, with clinical evolution from 2 to 4.5 hours; the other animal was treated with intravenous fluid and antibiotic therapy and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and recovered after five days. In the necropsy of two of these horses, the main lesions were found in the small intestine, where mucosae with pronounced redness and covered with a thin layer of yellow fibrous material were observed. In the intestinal lumen, there was a large amount of bloody liquid. The stomach was full, and dark lumps similar to crushed castor bean seeds were observed in the contents. The adrenal glands of both horses presented congestion and hemorrhage in the cortex. In microscopy, the main lesion was an acute, diffuse and accentuated fibrin-necrotic enteropathy affecting the jejunum. The diagnosis of castor bean cake poisoning was based on the circumstantial evidence of by-product consumption supported by clinical and pathological aspects. The results indicate that castor bean cake commercially available as fertilizer is extremely toxic when ingested, and there is a need for appropriate detoxification or labeling informing of its toxicity.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5887
2999 downloads
9.
Toxic Elements and Microbiological Content of Food: Evidence from a Case Study in a Brazilian City Heavily Contaminated by Lead and Cadmium
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Macedo, Kelly M.
; Silva, Isabella M. M. da
; Oliveira, Fábio S. de
; Castro, Jacira T.
; Santos, Daniele C. M. B. dos
; Freitas, Fernanda
; Jesus, Maykson C. de
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Journal Metrics
Food security has become a major concern of the world population and this is even more prominence in polluted areas. This study aimed to evaluate microbiological and toxic elements content of local food itens from Santo Amaro, Bahia. The determination of lead, cadmium, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and total coliform were carried out in coriander, cassava, okra, chicken muscle/liver, fish muscle and eggs. The population of total coliform and E. coli were estimated by the express count method using plates EC (AOAC 991.14) and accounting of colonies by colony counter. For toxic elements determination samples were digested using HNO3 and H2O2 following EPA 200.3 using a digester block with cold fingers. The determination of lead and cadmium was performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometery (ICP OES). The mean total coliform has ranged from < 1 to 4.5 log CFU g-1. Coriander presented higher mean total coliform (4.5 log CFU g-1) and E. coli was higher than recommended levels. The range of toxic elements revealed higher concentrations of lead in chicken muscle (1.25-11.58 mg kg-1) and cadmium in eggs (0.45-1.06 mg kg-1). Finally, the risk to the inhabitants of Santo Amaro was evident and reinforces the importance of effective actions of local authorities.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20160283
1987 downloads
10.
NANOCRISTAIS DE CELULOSE A PARTIR DE CELULOSE BACTERIANA
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Lima, Lais R.
; Santos, Daniele B.
; Santos, Molíria V.
; Barud, Hernane S.
; Henrique, Mariana A.
; Pasquini, Daniel
; Pecoraro, Edison
; Ribeiro, Sidney J. L.
.
Bacterial cellulose produced from Gluconacetobacter xilinus was used to produce cellulose nanocrystals by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Hydrolysis was performed with 64% sulfuric acid at 50 ºC with the hydrolysis time ranging between 5 and 90 min. The production of nanocrystals was observed to have size distributions that were dependent on hydrolysis times up to 10 min, after which time the suspensions showed distributions closer in size. Results from thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction showed that the amorphous cellulose was removed, leaving only the crystalline portion. Self-supported films were formed from the suspension of nanocrystals and had iridescence characteristics. The films were characterized by microscopy measures and specular reflectance.
https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-4042.20150131
3861 downloads
11.
Carcinofauna bêntica estuarina de dois manguezais da costa amazônica maranhense, Brasil
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Sousa, Daniele B. de
; Santos, Nayara B.
; Oliveira, Verônica M. de
; Carvalho-Neta, Raimunda N. F.
; Almeida, Zafira da S. de
.
RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar a diversidade carcinológica de dois manguezais (igarapés Buenos Aires e Tronco) da Baía de São Marcos, na costa amazônica maranhense, Brasil. Foram realizadas quatro coletas trimestrais entre setembro de 2011 a junho de 2012. Em cada coleta foram analisados três pontos por área (zona 1, zona 2 e zona 3), totalizando 24 amostras. O material biológico foi coletado por meio de arrastos com rede do tipo puçá, catação manual e técnica de braceamento. Paralelamente à coleta do material biológico, foram verificados a salinidade, temperatura e oxigênio dissolvido de cada área analisada. Para avaliar a similaridade de agrupamento entre as zonas dos manguezais foi aplicada a análise de cluster e consecutiva elaboração de dendrogramas. Foi coletado um total de 873 indivíduos, representando nove famílias e 21 espécies, das quais Ocypodidae e Penaeidae foram as mais abundantes. Em relação à distribuição espacial, percebe-se que Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802), Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850), Clibanarius foresti Holthuis, 1959 e Uca maracoani (Latreille, 1802) se restringiram à primeira zona dos dois manguezais, enquanto outras dez espécies foram observadas por todo o manguezal, o que pode estar intimamente relacionado ao seu hábito de vida. De um modo geral, o igarapé Buenos Aires apresentou maior número de espécies em relação ao igarapé Tronco, no entanto, existe grande similaridade faunística de crustáceos decápodes entre as duas áreas amostradas.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize the diversity of crustaceans in two mangroves (Buenos Aires and Tronco) in the Bay of São Marcos, Maranhão Amazon coast, Brazil. Four samples were taken quarterly between September 2011 to June 2012. In each survey, three regions were analyzed (zone 1, zone 2 and zone 3), yielding 24 samples. The biological material was collected manually. Environmental parameters such as salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen were collected in each sampling area. In order to evaluate the similarity between the mangrove zones, a cluster analysis and consecutive development of dendrograms were used. A total of 873 individuals were collected, representing nine families and 21 species, of which the Ocypodidae and Penaeidae had the largest number of individuals. It was observed that Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802), Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850), Clibanarius foresti Holthuis, 1959 and Uca maracoani (Latreille, 1802) were restricted to the first zone of the two mangroves, while other 10 species were observed throughout the mangroves, which may be closely related to their life habit. In general, the Buenos Aires stream recorded the greatest number of species in relation to the Tronco stream. However, a great similarity of the number of species and individuals of decapod crustaceans was found between the two sampled areas.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-476620151053339347
5166 downloads
12.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
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; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
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; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
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; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
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13.
Evaluation of digestion procedures for simultaneous determination of Ca, P, Mg, K and Na in biodiesel by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
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Korn, Maria Graças A.
; Santos, Daniele Cristina M. B.
; Guida, Mauro Agildo B.
; Barbosa, Isa S.
; Passos, Marieta L. C.
; Saraiva, Maria Lúcia M. F. S.
; Lima, José Luis F. C.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Journal Metrics
Neste trabalho foi avaliada a eficiência de dois procedimentos para digestão ácida de amostras de biodiesel visando à determinação de Ca, P, Mg, K e Na por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado indutivamente com configuração axial (ICP OES). Nas digestões em sistema aberto, foi utilizada a mistura contendo ácidos nítrico, sulfúrico e peróxido de hidrogênio e aquecimento condutivo; enquanto que no procedimento empregando forno de microondas com cavidade foi utilizada a mistura contendo ácido nítrico e peróxido de hidrogênio. Os procedimentos foram avaliados considerando-se limites de quantificação, precisão, acidez final dos digeridos e teor de carbono residual. Os teores de carbono residual nos digeridos foram 0,358 ± 0,012% para o sistema aberto com aquecimento convencional e 0,614 ± 0,023% para o sistema fechado com aquecimento assistido por radiação microondas, o que demonstra a alta eficiência dos procedimentos propostos. O sistema de digestão em forno de microondas com cavidade resultou em maior rapidez, segurança e resultados analíticos com percentuais de recuperação de 89,0-103,0% e desvios menores que 5%. Os limites de detecção obtidos, < 0.40 µg g-1, são adequados para a determinação dos analitos, conforme os limites estabelecidos na legislação brasileira. Três amostras de biodiesel produzidas de diferentes fontes foram analisadas. Em comparação com outros procedimentos propostos na literatura, o procedimento desenvolvido usando forno de microondas com cavidade apresenta vantagens, tais como não necessitar de soluções orgânicas para calibração e não usar solventes orgânicos tóxicos.
In the present work, the efficiency of two procedures for the digestion of biodiesel was investigated for the simultaneous determination of Ca, P, Mg, K and Na by axial view ICP OES. In the open system with conventional heating, concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids were added to the samples, and the addition of hydrogen peroxide completed the digestion. In the microwave-assisted closed system, complete digestion was performed using concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The analytical performances were evaluated through limits of quantification, precision of the overall procedures, final acidity of the digests, and residual carbon contents. The contents of residual carbon for the biodiesel samples digested were 0.358 ± 0.012% using the open system with conventional heating and 0.614 ± 0.023% using the microwave-assisted closed vessel system, demonstrating the high efficiency of both proposed procedures. The optimized microwave-assisted decomposition procedure produced the fastest, safest and most accurate analytical results with recoveries of 89.0-103.0% and deviations lower than 5% in most cases. Low limits of detection were obtained (< 0.40 µg g-1), adequate for the established limits set out in Brazilian legislation for these analytes. Three biodiesel samples produced from different oil sources were analyzed. In comparison with other procedures proposed in the literature, the developed procedure using the microwave-assisted closed system is advantageous because it neither require organic standard solutions for calibrations nor use toxic organic solvents.
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14.
Antimicrobial activity of Byrsonima species (Malpighiaceae)
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Michelin, Daniele C.
; Sannomiya, Miriam
; Figueiredo, Maria E.
; Rinaldo, Daniel
; Santos, Lourdes C. dos
; Souza-Brito, Alba R. M.
; Vilegas, Wagner
; Salgado, Hérida R. N.
.
Espécies de Byrsonima, família Malpighiaceae, são popularmente conhecidas como "murici". Existem várias propriedades atribuídas às folhas de espécies de Byrsonima incluindo febrífuga, no tratamento de disfunções gastrintestinais e doenças de pele. Neste trabalho avaliamos a atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos das folhas de Byrsonima fagifolia, B. basiloba e B. intermedia usando o método de difusão em disco. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os extratos metanólicos das folhas apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana contra todos os microrganismos testados.
Byrsonima species, family Malpighiaceae, is popularly known as "murici". There are several properties attributed to the leaves of Byrsonima species including febrifuge, to treat gastrointestinal dysfunctions and skin diseases. In this work, the antimicrobial activity of Byrsonima fagifolia, B. basiloba and B. intermedia extracts obtained from the leaves were evaluated by using the disc-diffusion method. The results obtained showed that the methanol extracts of leaves had presented antimicrobial activity against all the microorganisms tested.
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15.
Avaliação da anemia em crianças da cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil
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Pinheiro, Fabíola G. M. B.
; Santos, Silene L. D. X.
; Cagliari, Mayara P. P.
; Paiva, Adriana A.
; Queiroz, Maria do Socorro R.
; Cunha, Maria Auxiliadora L.
; Janebro, Daniele I.
.
Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia
- Journal Metrics
A anemia é uma condição definida como a redução da concentração de hemoglobina circulante a um valor inferior ao considerado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde em13 g/dl, 12 g/dl e 11 g/dl para homens, mulheres e crianças, respectivamente. É considerada a principal consequência da deficiência de ferro - um nutriente que atua principalmente na síntese das células vermelhas do sangue e no transporte de oxigênio para as demais células do corpo. Este trabalho, realizado nos meses de março e abril de 2007, teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações hematológicas e os níveis de ferro sérico em crianças de 6 a 59 meses de idade na cidade de Campina Grande-PB. A prevalência de anemia observada foi de 31,73%, e, dentre as crianças anêmicas, 91% apresentaram quadro de anemia leve (Hb < 11,0 e > 9,0 g/dl). A faixa etária predominante em que se observou a menor concentração de hemoglobina foi de 6 a 12 meses (10,26 ± 1,27 g/dl). Considerando-se os vários parâmetros do hemograma para avaliar a etiologia ferropriva entre os anêmicos, o RDW (amplitude de distribuição dos eritrócitos) foi o que mais apresentou especificidade no diagnóstico laboratorial da anemia por deficiência de ferro. Dessa forma, a investigação laboratorial é essencial para o diagnóstico precoce e para o acompanhamento terapêutico eficiente da anemia ferropriva em crianças.
Anemia is a condition that is defined as a concentration of circulating hemoglobin at a level lower than that considered adequate by the World Health Organization (13 g/dL, 12 g/dL and 11 g/dL for men, women and children, respectively). It is considered the main consequence of iron deficiency - a nutrient that mainly acts in the synthesis of red blood cells and in the transportation of oxygen to other cells of the body. This study, which was performed in March and April 2007, aimed at evaluating hematologic alterations and serum iron levels in 6 to 59-month-old children in the city of Campina Grande. The prevalence of anemia was 31.73% and among the anemic patients, 91% had mild anemia (Hb < 11.0 and > 9.0 g/dL). The lowest concentration of hemoglobin was predominantly observed in the 6 to 12-month age group. Considering different parameters of the hemogram in order to evaluate the etiology of iron deficiency among anemic patients, the RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) showed the greatest sensitivity in laboratory diagnoses of iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, laboratory investigation is essential for early diagnosis and efficient therapy of iron deficiency anemia in children.
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