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Blunt traumatic injuries of thoracic aorta and supra-aortic trunks - a narrative review
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Baldaia, Leonor

; Antunes, Luís F.

; Silva, Miguel

; Silva, Eduardo

; Nunes, Celso

; Oliveira, Vânia C.

; Silva, Joana

; Fonseca, Manuel

Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular

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jun 2023, Volume 19 N. 2 Pages 39 - 41

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: Blunt thoracic aortic injuries (BTAI) are defined as a tear in the thoracic aorta caused by a high energy blunt trauma. The most common reported mechanism of injury is motor vehicle accidents, and it can be potentially lethal. The Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) and the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) guidelines recommend thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) as the first line treatment for BTAI. Other controversies regarding BTAI management were reported in the literature, such as the best treatment for minimal aortic injuries with intimal tear, ideal stent graft oversizing, best timing for treatment and necessity to cover the left subclavian artery (LSA). The purpose of this review is to identify and analyze appropriate studies published so far about the management of BTAI. Methods: We performed a thorough electronic search of the literature using PubMed and Embase databases. We used the following combination of key words in our search strategy ((aortic injury) AND (blunt thoracic trauma)) AND (vascular surgery* OR treatment* OR TEVAR*). Articles not in English were excluded. The primary subject was results of endovascular treatment. Secondary subjects were indications and results of OSR, best timing for intervention, ideal graft oversizing, need for left subclavian artery (LSA) coverage, and management of BTAI grade I (intimal tear). Results: Data related to our primary and secondary subjects were extracted from the selected articles. TEVAR is considered the primary treatment for BTAI, if the patient has suitable anatomy, with good short and mid-term outcomes, with lower mortality and paraplegia rates at short and mid-term follow-up, compared to OSR. Despite good term results at short-term follow-up after TEVAR, long-term outcomes are still a concern. OSR is still a valid option in selected cases, and it should be considered for patients whose injury location is unsuitable for the endovascular approach. In most patients with BTAI, it is recommended around 10% of graft oversizing. However, a more aggressive approach with oversizing between 10-20% should be considered for patients with considerable hypotension and even >20% for patients presenting with severe hypotensive hemorrhagic shock. A necessity of LSA coverage has been reported in 30% of TEVAR for urgent treatment of BTAI, and it seems to be well tolerated. We should considered expectant approach with serial follow-up CT scans in patients with BTAI grade I injuries with asymptomatic intimal aortic tear. Conclusions: This literature review reports and synthetizes published data about the management strategies for BTAI. TEVAR seems to be effective in the treatment of BTAI, with few complications and good outcomes at short and mid-term follow-up, and it should be the first-line treatment for these patients. OSR should be an option when a patient’s injury is not suitable for endovascular approach.

https://doi.org/10.48750/acv479

Blunt traumatic injuries of thoracic aorta and supra-aortic trunks - a narrative review
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Baldaia, Leonor

; Antunes, Luís F.

; Silva, Miguel

; Silva, Eduardo

; Nunes, Celso

; Oliveira, Vânia C.

; Silva, Joana

; Fonseca, Manuel

Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular

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jun 2023, Volume 19 N. 2 Pages 91 - 93

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.48750/acv479

Effect of drying conditions on physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar brs-tumucumaque
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Assis, Miquéias de O.

; Araujo, Eduardo F.

; de Freitas, Francisco C. L.

; da Silva, Laercio J.

; Araujo, Roberto F.

Revista Caatinga

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jun 2023, Volume 36 N. 2 Pages 262 - 270

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Seed drying has many advantages, but it can cause irreversible damages, compromising the physiological quality of seeds, especially when they present high water contents. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of drying conditions (inside and outside the pod) on the physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque before and after storage. A completely randomized experimental design with four replications was used, in a split-plot arrangement. The plots consisted of combinations of harvest seasons (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) and artificial seed drying conditions (inside and outside the pod); and the subplots consisted of storage times (0 and 6 months). The seed water contents were determined and the seeds were evaluated for germination, first germination count, emergence, emergence index, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity. Higher physiological quality was found for dried seeds inside the pods, which was more evident in seasons 1 and 2, in both storage times. In the other seasons, the drying conditions had no effect on seed germination and vigor at the beginning of storage. The dried seeds inside the pods showed greater vigor after six months of storage. Drying seeds inside the pods favors the maintenance of physiological quality and allows artificial drying of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque with water content of 47%. Artificial drying of seeds with water contents higher than 32.5% is not recommended for the condition outside the pod. The seed physiological potential decreases after six months of storage, regardless of the drying condition.

RESUMO A secagem pode causar prejuízos à qualidade das sementes, principalmente quando apresentam teor de água elevado. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de condições de secagem na qualidade fisiológica inicial e após armazenamento de sementes de feijão-caupi, cv. BRS Tumucumaque. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas foram alocadas a combinações dos fatores época de colheita (1, 2, 3, 4 e 5) e condição de secagem artificial das sementes (dentro e fora da vagem); os tempos de armazenamento (0 e 6 meses) foram alocados na subparcela. Determinou-se o teor de água e as sementes foram avaliadas pelos testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, envelhecimento acelerado e condutividade elétrica. Resultados superiores de qualidade fisiológica foram verificados para as sementes secas dentro da vagem, fato mais evidente nas épocas 1 e 2, em ambos os tempos de armazenamento. Para as demais épocas, no início do armazenamento não houve efeito da condição de secagem na germinação e vigor. As sementes secas dentro da vagem apresentaram maior vigor após seis meses de armazenamento. A secagem dentro da vagem favorece a manutenção da qualidade fisiológica e permite a secagem artificial de sementes de feijão-caupi, cv. BRS Tumucumaque, com teor de água de 47%. Não se recomenda a secagem artificial de sementes com teor de água acima de 32,5% na condição fora da vagem. Após seis meses de armazenamento, independentemente da condição de secagem, há redução no potencial fisiológico das sementes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n203rc

Mathematical Mapping Study of Synthetic Antioxidants Behavior in Biodiesel: Application of the Self-Organized Feature Map (SOFM) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)
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Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Silva, Heloisa H. P.

; Campos, Julia W.

; Silva, Nathan F.

; Sousa, Eduardo G.

; Mantovani, Ana C. G.

; Angilelli, Karina B.

; Borsato, Dionisio

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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may 2023, Volume 34 N. 5 Pages 684 - 693

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The objective of the present work was to apply self-organizing feature maps (SOFM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) to evaluate the protective capacity of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), and butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) antioxidants against the biodiesel oxidation reaction. For this, the antioxidant concentration and the biodiesel compliance parameters were used as continuous input variables and the type of antioxidant as a categorical. The SOFM proved to be an adequate tool for the classification of biodiesel samples containing antioxidants. The performance of the 5 most active networks of the model ranged from 89 to 99% for training, testing, and validation with an error below 1.42 × 10-4. Statistical tests applied to validate the model showed no significant difference between predicted and experimental values. The global sensitivity analysis showed that the relative protection factor (RPF) contributed with 34.89%, the antioxidant with 31.49%, the induction period with 10.69%, the water content with 6.00%, and the others all together with 16.93% in the construction of the regression models by MLP.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220139

Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial and Leishmanicidal Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained from Aqueous Extract of Eucalyptus grandis
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Oliveira, Lucas M. F.

; Silva, Ueveton P. da

; Braga, João Pedro V.

; Teixeira, Álvaro V. N. C.

; Ribon, Andréa O. B.

; Varejão, Eduardo V. V.

; Coelho, Eduardo A. F.

; Freitas, Camila S. de

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

; Moreira, Renata P L.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 527 - 536

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work describes a green synthesis, the characterization, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs suspension was synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus grandis, which presented a characteristic band at 407 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The AgNPs presented a spherical shape and size of 9.7 ± 0.3 nm. The nanoparticles were stable over a month, indicating that E. grandis’ extract is suitable for their preparation and stabilization. The X-ray analysis showed that the crystallinity of AgNPs corresponded to the centered face phase of silver. The antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities of AgNPs were evaluated. The AgNPs presented antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli at 53.9 µg mL-1. The leishmanicidal activity evaluation against promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis showed that the biological response is dependent on the volume of AgNP suspension. It was demonstrated that L. infantum was more sensitive to the nanoparticle’s treatment than L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The treatment of L infantum promastigotes with 150 µL of AgNP suspension reduced parasite growth by 67.9%, a result which was similar to the treatment with 1 (66.7%) or 2 µL (70.6%) of amphotericin B used as a positive control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220126

Sex disparities in peripheral arterial occlusive disease
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Baldaia, Leonor

; Antunes, Luís F.

; Silva, Cândida G.

; Silva, Miguel

; Silva, Eduardo

; Nunes, Celso

; Constâncio, Vânia

; Fonseca, Manuel

Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular

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mar 2023, Volume 19 N. 1 Pages 27 - 32

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: Recently published studies on peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) have revealed marked sex disparities in patient selection and treatment outcomes. In a recent retrospective study with data from 11 different countries, Portugal was highlighted as one of the countries with greater sex discrepancies related to PAOD treatment. We aimed to analyze sex specific differences in the treatment of symptomatic PAOD, concerning different variables, in a single hospital center, in Portugal. Methods: Data on treatment of symptomatic PAOD patients from October 1st, 2020, to December 31st, 2021, were retrospectively collected from clinical registries from a single hospital center in Portugal. Different variables and post-operative outcomes were analyzed dichotomized by sex, with descriptive statistics. Statistical analyses were conducted using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software v28. Results: A total of 220 patients, 15,9% female and 84,1% male, were treated for PAOD, in the selected period, in a hospital center from Portugal. Female patients were older (mean age of 73.8 years versus 69.5 years in male); were less likely to be treated for intermittent claudication (3% versus 6% of men); more often treated at a more advanced stage of the disease with trophic lesions (91% versus 74% of men); more likely to be offered primary major amputation (14% versus 3% of male patients); less likely to be taking statins as part of PAOD medical management (65.7% versus 77.8% of male); and had a higher 90-day mortality rate (17.1% versus 6.5% in men). They were also more frequently treated with endovascular procedures (40%) than with OSR (26%). Conclusion: Remarkable sex discrepancies in the treatment of PAOD were found in our hospital center. This study brings awareness to the scientific medical community for sex disparities in the management of patients with PAOD.

https://doi.org/10.48750/acv.486

Characterization of nonpathological intrascleral cartilage in the domestic sheep (Ovis aries)
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Teodoro, Tamires G.W.

; Campos, Maria Eduarda S.T.

; Silva, Laice A.

; Watanabe, Tatiane T.N.

; Alves, Carlos Eduardo F.

; Laufer-Amorim, Renée

; Wouters, Flademir

; Wouters, Angelica T.B.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07142

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Birds, cartilaginous and teleost fish, reptiles, and some amphibians have intrascleral cartilage and/or bone; however, these are rarely reported in therian mammals. This study aimed to investigate and characterize a nonpathological formation of cartilage in the posterior sclera of sheep macroscopically, histologically, and by immunohistochemical exam (IHC). Ninety eyes from 45 domestic sheep were collected, underwent gross examination, fixed in formalin, and embedded in paraffin for the microscopical assessment. Sections with histological shreds of cartilage were selected to perform IHC to confirm the presence of cartilage. Intrascleral cartilage was detected in 60 eyeballs (66.66%) from 37 sheep (82.22%). A slight whitish thickening was grossly seen in the posterior sclera. The histologic exam revealed a few scattered, isolated chondrocytes to larger aggregates of cartilaginous islands in the posterior sclera. Eighteen (30%) of 60 eyeballs revealed marked anti-collagen type II immunolabeling. The development of cartilaginous structures in the eyes is considered rare in mammalian animals. The high occurrence of intrascleral cartilage in the examined sheep eyes suggests that this finding corresponds to an anatomical component of sheep sclera, despite the age, breed, or body condition.

RESUMO: Aves, peixes cartilaginosos e teleósteos e répteis, bem como alguns anfíbios possuem cartilagem e/ou osso intraescleral, contudo, isso é raramente descrito em marsupiais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar e caracterizar a formação não patológica de cartilagem hialina na esclera posterior de ovinos, por exame macroscópico, histológico e imuno-histoquímico. Olhos de 45 ovinos foram coletados, submetidos a exame macroscópico, fixados em formalina a 10% tamponada e incluídos em parafina para o exame histológico. Amostras com evidência de formação cartilaginosa ao exame histológico foram selecionadas para a realização da técnica de imuno-histoquímica para confirmação. Cartilagem intraescleral foi detectada em 60 amostras oculares (66,66%) de 37 ovinos (82,22%), caracterizada na avaliação macroscópica como discretos espessamentos esbranquiçados na esclera posterior. O exame histológico revelou formações que variaram de condrócitos isolados e dispersos a grandes agregados, formando ilhas cartilaginosas na esclera. Dezoito (30%) de 60 bulbos oculares mostraram imunomarcação anti-colágeno tipo II. O desenvolvimento de estruturas cartilaginosas nos bulbos oculares é considerado raro em mamíferos. A identificação de cartilagem intraescleral em 66% dos olhos ovinos avaliados no estudo indica que a formação de cartilagem corresponde a um componente anatômico normal na esclera de ovinos, independente de idade, raça ou condição corporal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7142

Occurrence of clinical laminitis after adaptation to confinement: effects on morphology, density, and mineral composition of the hoof of Nellore cattle after finishing
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Freitas, Sabrina L.R.

; Queiroz, Paulo José B.

; Fernandes, Juliano José R.

; Nascente, Eduardo P.

; Santos, Adriana S.

; Nascimento, Kaique S.

; Silva, Luiz Antônio F.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07131

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Laminitis is a disease that affects the dermis and epidermis of the bovine hoof, generating changes in the hoof capsule. This study evaluated the effects of clinical laminitis diagnosed after the adaptation phase to confinement on the morphology, density, and mineral composition of the hoof of Nellore cattle after finishing. The animals were separated in the first weeks of confinement into a sick group (SG), with clinical laminitis, and a healthy group (HG). SG animals had higher heel length, dorsal wall length, toe height, and diagonal hoof length (p<0.05) than healthy animals. The dermal laminae had similar measurements for thickness, length, and spacing between them between SG and HG. Animals with laminitis showed congestion, hemorrhage, and basement membrane irregularities on histology. Computed microtomography (μCT) revealed that the hoof density of sick animals is lower than healthy ones. According to the mineral composition by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometry, the hooves of animals with laminitis (SG) and healthy ones (HG) were not biochemically different. Therefore, the occurrence of clinical laminitis in Nellore cattle in the first weeks of confinement causes an increase in the morphometric parameters of the hoof capsule and a reduction in the density of the abaxial hoof wall evaluated after the finishing period. This disease does not promote changes in the histomorphometric parameters of the dermal laminae and the percentage of minerals in the abaxial hoof wall.

RESUMO: A laminite é uma doença que afeta a derme e epiderme do casco de bovinos gerando alterações no estojo córneo. O estudo avaliou os efeitos da laminite clínica diagnosticada após a fase de adaptação ao confinamento na morfologia, densidade e composição mineral do casco de bovinos da raça Nelore após terminação. Nas primeiras semanas de confinamento, os animais foram separados em um grupo doente (GD) com laminite clínica e em um grupo saudável (GS). Os animais do GD apresentaram maior comprimento de talão, comprimento da parede dorsal, altura da pinça e comprimento diagonal do casco (p<0,05) do que os saudáveis. As lâminas dérmicas tiveram medidas semelhantes para espessura, comprimento e espaçamento entre elas entre GD e GS. Animais doentes apresentaram congestão, hemorragia e irregularidades da membrana basal na histologia. A microtomografia computadorizada (μCT) revelou que a densidade do casco de animais doentes é menor do que o saudável. Para a composição mineral por meio da espectrometria de fluorescência de raio-X por dispersão de energia (ED-XRF), o casco dos animais doentes (GD) e dos saudáveis (GS), não se mostraram diferentes bioquimicamente. Conclui-se que a ocorrência de laminite clínica em bovinos da raça Nelore nas primeiras semanas de confinamento ocasiona aumento de parâmetros morfométricos do estojo córneo e redução da densidade da parede abaxial do casco, avaliados após o período de terminação. Essa enfermidade não promove modificações nos parâmetros histomorfométricos das lâminas dérmicas e na porcentagem de minerais da parede abaxial do casco.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7131

Simulation of the diffusion process of NaCl and KCl in olive pulp using the finite element method
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Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Silva, Heloisa H. P.

; Silva, Nathan F.

; Campos, Julia W.

; Sousa, Eduardo G. de

; Silva, Hágata C.

; Mantovani, Ana C. G.

; Angilelli, Karina B.

; Borsato, Dionisio

Química Nova

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2023, Volume 46 N. 3 Pages 229 - 235

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The simultaneous diffusion of inorganic components in the olive pulp in wet brine was modeled based on Fick’s generalized 2nd Law and simulated using the finite element method. The main and crossed diffusion coefficients, the film coefficient and the Biot number were determined, with the application of the simplex optimization method, through the minimization of the percentage errors. The errors between the simulated and experimental data were 5.35% for NaCl and 4.77% for KCl and the adjusted main diffusion coefficients were 0.4358 × 10-12 m2 s-1 for NaCl and 0.5408 × 10-12 m2 s-1 for KCl. The system developed to simulate diffusion allows the control and modulation of the salts content that diffuses through the olive pulp.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230005

10.

Air velocity spatial variability in open Compost-Bedded Pack Barn system with positive pressure ventilation
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OLIVEIRA, CARLOS EDUARDO A.

; TINÔCO, ILDA DE FÁTIMA F.

; DAMASCENO, FLÁVIO A.

; OLIVEIRA, VICTOR C. DE

; RODRIGUES, PEDRO HENRIQUE M.

; FERRAZ, GABRIEL A.S.

; SOUSA, FERNANDA C. DE

; ANDRADE, RAFAELLA R.

; NASCIMENTO, JOÃO ANTÔNIO C. DO

; SILVA, LEONARDO F. DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 1 elocation e20220415

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In Compost-Bedded Pack Barn (CBP) systems, air velocity is linked with the thermal comfort of housed dairy cattle and bedding quality and, therefore, assessing ventilation efficiency is essential. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize dependence and spatial distribution of air velocity at the 1.5 m height (vair,M) and at bedding level (vair,B) in an open CBP system with positive pressure ventilation. The study was conducted in 2021, in a facility located in the Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The facility area was divided into a mesh composed of 55 equidistant points, where vair,M and vair,B data were collected in the morning (09:00 a.m.) and afternoon (03:00 p.m.) periods, during three weeks in Brazilian winter. Geostatistics techniques were used to assess dependence and spatial distribution. In both periods evaluated, there were a strong occurrence of spatial dependence and non-uniform vair,M and vair,B distributions. The vair,M and vair,B values were lower than recommended (1.8 m∙s–1) in more than 65.0% of the area. Adequate ventilation levels were observed only in the first 20.0 m of the facility, from Southeast to Northwest, because of the fan lines present.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220415

11.

Pediatric incontinence questionnaire (PINQ): translation and transcultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese
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Pereira, Rita Pavione Rodrigues

; Leitão, Angélica Quintino

; Fotakos, Gabriella Silva

; Reis, Joceara Neves dos

; Rocha, Flávio Eduardo Trigo

; Machado, Marcos Giannetti

; Bower, Wendy F.

; Tanaka, Clarice

Jornal de Pediatria

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2023, Volume 99 N. 4 Pages 379 - 384

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) affect approximately 10% of children worldwide and are related to psychosocial manifestations and compromised quality of life, both for children and their families. The assessment of emotional conditions of LUTS in children is recommended by International Children's Continence Society; however, there is no specific instrument in the Brazilian Portuguese language. Therefore, the aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and assess the internal consistency of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Pediatric Incontinence Questionnaire (PINQ). Material and methods This cross-sectional study was performed at two referral centers for childhood voiding dysfunction. The 20-item PINQ was translated into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted according to Beaton, 2000. His-standard methodology consists of 6 phases: translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee, and pre-test. The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Results The PINQ-br version was developed, validated by a committee of experts, and pre-tested on 44 children diagnosed with lower urinary tract symptoms, 23 boys and 21 girls (mean age: 9.7 and 9.6 years old respectively), as well as on their parents. The internal consistency was considered satisfactory, reaching Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.74 when applied to children and 0.82 when applied to parents. Conclusions The PINQ was translated and culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese to assess the impact of LUTS on the health-related quality of life in Brazilian children and adolescents.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2023.01.002

12.

DIFFUSION STUDY OF NaCl AND KCl AT THE SOLUTION/OLIVE INTERFACE: MATHEMATICAL MODELING USING THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND SELF-ORGANIZING FEATURE MAP (SOFM)-TYPE NEURAL NETWORKS
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Borsato, Dionisio

; Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Silva, Heloisa H. P.

; Silva, Nathan F.

; Campos, Julia W.

; Sousa, Eduardo G. de

; Silva, Hágata C.

; Angilelli, Karina B.

; Mantovani, Ana C. G.

; Mantovani, Rafael G.

Química Nova

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2023, Volume 46 N. 8 Pages 785 - 790

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Olive samples were subjected to the salting process in brine containing 1196 mol m−3 of NaCl and 402 mol m−3 of KCl. Samples were collected during 60 h and salt concentration values were determined. With the finite element method (FEM) and the minimization of the errors percentage between the simulated and experimental values, the mass transfer coefficients in the film (hm) were obtained, being 1.0072 × 10−8 and 1.2499 × 10−8 for NaCl and KCl, respectively. The salts concentration at the olive/brine interface was simulated by FEM and analyzed via SOFM. A network with 4 × 4 topology and 10000 training epochs was used. It was observed that the influence of the stationary film formed on the surface of the olives during the salting process depends on the position, the salt involved in the diffusion and that the concentration of the salts, at each point, varies according to the immersion time.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230053

13.

Evaluation of the properties of natural rubber bio composite and guava residue (Psidium guajava L.) as sustainable application
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Hiranobe, Carlos T.

; Silva, Alex R. da

; Cruz, Marco A. G.

; Canhada, João C. S.

; Araújo, Samara S.

; Rocha, José A.

; Santos, Harison F. dos

; Ribeiro, Gabriel D.

; Tolosa, Gabrieli R.

; Santos, Gleyson T. A.

; Budemberg, Eduardo R.

; Azevedo, Cláudia G. de

; Santos, Renivaldo J. dos

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 Suppl. 1 elocation e20220515

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In juice and pulp extraction, about 10% of fruit waste is generated, which often ends up in landfills that can cause environmental damage, serve as food for insects and rodents, and cause health problems for humans. In this work, micronized guava waste was used as a filler in vulcanized compounds in natural rubber. Mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, tear resistance, and abrasion resistance were evaluated, as well as thermal properties such as thermogravimetric analysis, in addition to scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. According to the results of the mechanical properties tests, the addition of up to 20 phr of the filler tends to improve the tensile strength of the composites, resulting in an increase in the density of cross-links obtained through the Flory-Rehner method. The thermal behavior analyzed by TGA and FTIR spectra were not affected by the incorporation of fillers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0515

14.

Biological aspects and first record of Leucothyreus alvarengai Frey (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L) (Poaceae) fields of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil
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COUTINHO, GILMAR V.

; ÁVILA, CRÉBIO J.

; GOMES, ELIAS S.

; COSTA, EDUARDO N.

; RODRIGUES, SÉRGIO R.

; SILVA, IVANA F. DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 4 elocation e20191357

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Larvae of Leucothyreus spp. have been reported causing damage to several crops in Brazil. From May 2012 to April 2013, adults and immatures of Leucothyreus alvarengai Frey (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) samples were obtained from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) (Poaceae) fields in the municipalities of Naviraí and Nova Andradina, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Adults were collected with the aid of light traps, whereas immatures were sampled by opening two trench sizes (30 x 30 x 30 cm and 80 x 50 x 40 cm) in the soil, beside the plants. The collected larvae were reared in laboratory conditions, fed by sugarcane seedlings. The biological cycle of L. alvarengai was completed in 230 days, displaying three larval instars with mean size of the cephalic capsule of 1.68, 2.46, and 3.00 mm for the first, second, and third instar, respectively. Adults were collected in greater numbers in December 2012, and first-instar larvae were observed as of January 2013. Conversely, pupae were observed in the field from July 2012 to January 2013. This is the first record of larvae and adults of L. alvarengai in sugarcane fields in Mato Grosso do Sul state, contributing with the knowledge about its biology and temporal distribution in the field.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320191357

15.

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

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