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ABSTRACT Tuberculosis stands as one of humanity’s oldest afflictions, intrinsically intertwined with social disparities. This formidable disease spares no age group and remains the prevailing cause of infection-induced mortality worldwide, particularly in developing nations. We present a case of a 56-year-old woman with diabetes who was diagnosed with Pulmonary Tuberculosis. After receiving antituberculosis drugs as part of her treatment, she experienced a range of systemic manifestations and suffered from severe ulcerative esophagitis. This adverse reaction led to uncontrollable gastrointestinal intolerance, tragically resulting in her untimely demise. The incident underscores the potential seriousness of adverse reactions that can arise from tuberculosis treatment medications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202466002

COVID-19 Infection Changes the Functions and Morphology of Erythrocytes: A Multidisciplinary Study
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Sales, Marcos V. S.

; Tanabe, Eloiza L. L.

; Maciel, Thamilla M. S.

; Tavares, Maria C.

; Leal, Juliana G. C.

; Pinto, Larissa S.

; Pires, Keyla S. N.

; Coelho, Jorge A. P. M.

; Silva, Elaine C. O.

; Souza, Samuel T.

; Fonseca, Eduardo J. S.

; Fragoso, Thiago S.

; Aquino, Thiago M.

; Borbely, Alexandre U.

; Rocha, Ueslen

; Santos, Josué C. C.

; Leite, Ana Catarina R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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aug 2023, Volume 34 N. 8 Pages 1185 - 1196

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Hematological problems are associated with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Respiratory impairment is the higher point studied, although without experimental studies related to the oxygen transport performed by erythrocytes. Therefore, we decided to investigate if erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients have their functionality changed. The case-control study included hospitalized patients with a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result admitted to University Hospital. Volunteers (negative RT-PCR results) were recruited as a control group. Thus, we assessed different erythrocytes parameters, oxidative stress markers, and biophysical studies using whole blood and isolated hemoglobin. We found a decrease of 51% in oxygen uptake and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Raman spectrometry showed structural changes in the hemoglobin and lipids of the erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients; thus, these results were consolidated with an increase in Young’s modulus in erythrocytes followed by morphology changes. Besides, isolated hemoglobin from COVID-19 patients has a distinct interaction profile using a ligand model compared to the control. COVID-19 leads to structural, functional, and morphological damage to human erythrocytes. Our data showed structural and molecular changes and induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by COVID-19, a new perspective on the contribution of erythrocytes to a respiratory commitment in COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230031

Tendência temporal da prevalência e mortalidade infantil das anomalias congênitas no Brasil, de 2001 a 2018
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Fernandes, Qeren Hapuk R. Ferreira

; Paixão, Enny S.

; Costa, Maria da Conceição N.

; Teixeira, Maria Glória

; Rios, Juliana Darbra Cruz

; Santo, Keila da Silva Goes Di

; Barreto, Mauricio L.

; Acosta, Angelina Xavier

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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apr 2023, Volume 28 N. 4 Pages 969 - 979

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Congenital anomalies (CA) are a relevant problem for global public health, affecting about 3% to 6% of newborns worldwide. In Brazil, these are the second main cause of infant mortality. Thus, extensive studies are needed to demonstrate the impact of these anomalies on births and deaths. The present study describes the temporal trends of prevalence and infant mortality due to CA among live births in Brazil and regions, from 2001 to 2018, using the related data between the Live Birth Information System (SINASC, acronym in Portuguese) and the Mortality Information System (SIM, acronym in Portuguese). The prevalence and infant mortality due to CA has increased in Brazil and in most regions, especially in the Northeast and North. CAs in the musculoskeletal system were the most frequent at birth (29.8/10,000 live births), followed by those in the circulatory system (12.7/10,000 live births), which represented the primary cause of death in this group. The applied linkage technique made it possible to correct the national prevalence of CA by 17.9% during the analyzed period, after retrieving the anomalies reported in SIM, thereby proving to be a good tool to improve the quality of information on anomalies in Brazil.

Resumo As anomalias congênitas (AC) configuram um relevante problema para a saúde pública global, afetando em média de 3% a 6% dos recém-nascidos em todo o mundo. No Brasil, ocupam a segunda posição entre os principais grupos de causas de óbito infantil. Assim, estudos amplos são necessários para mostrar o impacto das AC na saúde infantil. O presente estudo descreve a tendência temporal da prevalência e da mortalidade infantil por AC entre nascidos vivos (NV) no Brasil e em suas cinco regiões de 2001 a 2018, utilizando dados vinculados entre as bases de dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) e do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). A prevalência e mortalidade infantil por AC mostrou-se crescente no Brasil na maioria das regiões, principalmente no Norte e no Nordeste. Aquelas do aparelho osteomuscular foram as mais prevalentes ao nascimento (29,8/10.000 NV); as do aparelho circulatório passaram para a segunda posição (12,7/10.000 NV) após a vinculação das bases e representam a primeira causa de morte desse grupo. A técnica de vinculação de dados aplicada corrigiu a prevalência nacional das AC em 17,9% no período analisado, após serem recuperadas as AC notificadas no SIM, mostrando ser uma boa ferramenta para melhorar a qualidade das informações das AC.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023284.13912022

Tendência temporal da prevalência e mortalidade infantil das anomalias congênitas no Brasil, de 2001 a 2018
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Fernandes, Qeren Hapuk R. Ferreira

; Paixão, Enny S.

; Costa, Maria da Conceição N.

; Teixeira, Maria Glória

; Rios, Juliana Darbra Cruz

; Santo, Keila da Silva Goes Di

; Barreto, Mauricio L.

; Acosta, Angelina Xavier

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2023, Volume 28 N. 4 Pages 969 - 979

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023284.13912022

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Phenotypic plasticity in Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. in different forest fragments in São Paulo state, Brazil
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SIQUEIRA, MARCOS VINICIUS B.M.

; SILVÉRIO, GIOVANA HENRIQUE

; CARLOS, JULIANA S.

; TOLEDO, JAYÇA A.M.

; SILVA, CLEBER JOSÉ DA

; PAULA-SOUZA, JULIANA DE

; GALASTRI, NATÁLIA A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 1 elocation e20210541

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Forest fragments are susceptible to environmental shifts and this demands high phenotypic plasticity of the species growing in these areas. In this context, the objective of the present work was to study the phenotypic plasticity of copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii Desf.) based on morphological and anatomical metrics of the leaflets of plants from six forest fragments. The leaflets of C. langsdorffii individuals of the different fragments did not show qualitative differences, nonetheless, they demonstrated quantitative plasticity. Stomatal density (p = 0.017), specific leaf area (p = 0.009), palisade parenchyma (p = 0.008) and relative water content (p = 0.002), indicated a high luminous, water and nutritional influence on the development of leaflets. Based on the dry mass of the leaflets and the thickness of the palisade parenchyma, the principal component analysis explained 57.43% of the differences found between the variables. The data presented here provides evidence of the phenotypic plasticity of C. langsdorffii which, although occurring in similar soils, showed significant quantitative differences in its morphoanatomical characters.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320210541

Genome of a husavirus from Southern Brazil
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Demoliner, Meriane

; Filippi, Micheli

; Gularte, Juliana Schons

; Silva, Mariana Soares da

; Almeida, Paula Rodrigues de

; Pereira, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Góes

; Heldt, Fágner Henrique

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e5

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT New viruses of the Picornavirales order have been discovered with the increase in the number of sequences obtained by high-throughput sequencing, as well as human stool-associated RNA virus (husavirus [HuV]), found in human stool samples. However, there is much to be clarified about HuV. Its cellular host, evolutionary history, and other biological characteristics are still unknown. Therefore, samples collected from human beings and environmental samples in a watershed in Southern Brazil were processed for the metagenomic library. Upon metagenomic analysis, we identified a HuV (husavirus LMM_67754 OP019707) genome with 8,846 bp, which was reported for the first time in Southern Brazil. The new genome presents only 37% of nucleotide identity with Brazilian strains and more than 90% with genomes from China, Vietnam, Venezuela, and the Netherlands. The HuV phylogeny presents significant differences among genomes, probably because multiple introductions of the virus may have occurred. Many questions still need to be answered about HuV. Therefore, more sequences and studies on this virus are necessary to improve the comprehension of the unknown origin of Picornavirales.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365005

Association of additives in supplemented grazing cattle during the finishing phase at the rainy season
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Dallantonia, Erick Escobar

; Silva, Lorrayny Galoro da

; Granja-Salcedo, Yury Tatiana

; Messana, Juliana Duarte

; Brito, Liziane de Figueiredo

; Lima, Ana Rebeca Castro

; Vito, Elias San

; Castagnino, Pablo de Souza

; Silva Sobrinho, Américo Garcia da

; Reis, Ricardo Andrade

; Berchielli, Telma Teresinha

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2023, Volume 52 elocation e20210225

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objectives were to evaluate the effects of monensin and virginiamycin, alone or combined, on supplemented Nellore cattle grazing tropical grass during the rainy season. Two experiments were conducted simultaneously to evaluate intake, digestibility, CH4 emissions, blood parameters, performance, and carcass characteristics (Exp. 1), and ruminal fermentation and relative abundance of ruminal microorganisms (Exp. 2). Animals (n = 92 Exp. 1 and n = 12 Exp. 2) were distributed in a completely randomized design and allocated in twelve paddocks composed of Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf. cv. Xaraés. A protein-energetic supplementation of 3 g/kg of BW per day was provided to all animals. Supplements were: without additives (WA), monensin alone at 80 mg/kg of product (MN), virginiamycin alone at 150 mg/kg of product (VM), and monensin (80 mg/kg of product) combined with virginiamycin (150 mg/kg of product; MNVM). Treatments did not affect intakes of total dry matter (DM), supplement DM, and nutrients. However, the intakes of forage DM and crude protein decreased in cattle fed MNVM compared with animals fed WA, MN, and VM. Total volatile fatty acids increased in animals fed VM. Ruminal NH3-N decreased, and pH increased in animals fed MN, VM, and MNVM. Relative abundance of total F. succinogenes and S. ruminantium decreased and R. flavefaciens increased in animals fed MN and VM at d 118. Treatments had no effect on enteric CH4 emissions. The average daily gain (ADG) and total gain were greater in cattle fed MNVM than in cattle fed MN. Combination of monensin and virginiamycin altered the rumen microbial populations but did not decrease enteric CH4 emissions. However, it decreased forage dry matter intake without altering the ADG and total weight gain, leading to an increase in feed efficiency. Results from this study indicate an advantage in including feed additives combined in the diet of supplemented Nellore cattle grazing tropical grass during the rainy season.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5220210225

Expansion in the distribution of Blumenavia baturitensis Melanda, M.P. Martín & Baseia (Phallales) in Southeastern, Brazil
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Recla, Sâmela da Silva

; Silva, Juliana Paulo da

; Tonini, Lorena

; Cunha, Cristina Jaques da

; Pugnal, Francieli Loss

; Melanda, Gislaine C. S.

; Góis, Jefferson dos S.

; Freitas, Joelcio

Hoehnea

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2023, Volume 50 elocation e182023

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Blumenavia baturitensis recently described for the Ceará State, Northeast Brazil, is reported for the first time from Espírito Santo State, Southeastern, Brazil. We present a description, photographs of microscopical and macroscopic structures, phylogenetic analyses, and distribution map of this species. Its conservation status, according to the most recent IUCN categories and criteria, should be tentatively as “Endangered”.

RESUMO Blumenavia baturitensis recentemente descrita para o Estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil, é reportada pela primeira vez para o Estado do Espírito Santo, na região Sudeste. Nós apresentamos descrição, fotografias de estruturas microscópicas e macroscópicas, análises filogenéticas e mapa de distribuição da espécie. Seu estado de conservação, de acordo com as categorias e critérios mais recentes da IUCN, deve ser provisoriamente como “Em Perigo”.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906e182023

10.

Índices de vegetação na diagnose nutricional de povoamentos híbridos de Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake
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Ramos, Juliana Carvalho Barbosa

; Leite, Elton da Silva

; Poelking, Everton Luís

; Freitas, Luis Carlos de

; Melo, Iago Nery

; Martins, Ricardo Previdente

; Costa, João Albany

Ciência Florestal

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2023, Volume 33 N. 2 elocation e65702

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Remote sensing through band ratio techniques for nutritional monitoring of clonal eucalyptus plantations is essential to guarantee health and productivity, reducing costs of forestry enterprises. The objective was to apply vegetation indices from high resolution satellite images in the nutritional diagnosis of macronutrients in plantations of clonal hybrids of Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake. The study was carried out in 62 areas of six municipalities in the state of Bahia under cultivation of homogeneous eucalyptus plantations, aged between 1.3 and 1.8 years. The design was completely randomized with six treatments constituted by the rainfall regime (1000 to 1300 mm year-1 and 1300 to 1600 mm year-1) and soil types (class and texture). The nutritional diagnosis of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) was performed from leaf analysis and determination of vegetation indices: normalized difference vegetation (NDVI), normalized difference water index (NDWI) and soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). The evaluated areas have high vigor (NDVI > 0.70) and the highest values were observed in the rainy regions (1300 to 1600 mm year-1) (mean of 0.78). The NDWI index presents the highest correlation for the average levels of Ca and Mg. The NDVI, NDWI and SAVI indexes present a strong correlation with each other (-0.97 to 1.00) and can help in mapping vigor and consequently in eucalyptus productivity.

RESUMO O sensoriamento remoto, por meio das técnicas de razão de bandas para o monitoramento nutricional de plantios clonais de eucalipto, é fundamental para garantir a sanidade, produtividade e reduzir custos de empreendimentos florestais. Objetivou-se aplicar índices de vegetação a partir de imagens de satélite de alta resolução na diagnose nutricional de macronutrientes em plantios de híbridos clonais de Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake. O estudo foi realizado em 62 áreas de seis municípios do estado da Bahia sob cultivo de plantios homogêneos de eucalipto, com idades entre 1,3 e 1,8 anos. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos constituídos pelo regime pluviométrico (1000 a 1300 mm ano-1 e 1300 a 1600 mm ano-1) e tipos de solo (classe e textura). A diagnose nutricional de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P), potássio (K), cálcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg) e enxofre (S) foi realizada a partir da análise foliar e da determinação dos índices de vegetação: índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada (NDVI), índice de diferença normalizada da água (NDWI) e índice de vegetação ajustado ao solo (SAVI). As áreas avaliadas possuem alto vigor (NDVI > 0,70) e os maiores valores foram observados nas regiões chuvosas (1300 a 1600 mm ano-1) (médio de 0,78). O índice NDWI apresenta maior correlação para os teores médios de Ca e Mg. Os índices NDVI, NDWI e SAVI apresentam forte correlação entre si (-0,97 a 1,00) e podem auxiliar no mapeamento do vigor e consequentemente na produtividade de eucalipto.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509865702

11.

Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antileishmanial Activity of Novel Eugenol Analogs Containing 1,2,3-Triazole Fragments against Intracellular Leishmania braziliensis
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Evangelista, Roberta S.

; Pereira, Larissa C.

; Souza, Luciana Â. de

; Costa, Adilson V.

; Silva, Danilo A. da

; Oliveira, Fabrício M. de

; Vaz, Boniek G.

; Bressan, Gustavo C.

; Fietto, Juliana L. R.

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 12 Pages 1810 - 1824

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This investigation describes the synthesis of eugenol analogs presenting 1,2,3-triazole fragments and evaluation of their antileishmanial activity. The alkylation of guaiacol (1) with allyl bromide afforded 1-(allyloxy)-2-methoxybenzene (2) (93% yield). The Claisen rearrangement conducted with 1 gave ortho eugenol (3) (82% yield). Alkylation procedures performed with 3 produced 1-allyl-3-methoxy-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzene (4) (73% yield) and 1-allyl-3-methoxy-2-(pent-4-yn-1-yloxy)benzene (6) (53% yield). The copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions involving alkynes 4 and 6 with different benzylic azides afforded twenty-two eugenol analogs with 1,2,3-triazole functionalities (48-93% yield). We screened the compounds at 10 μmol L 1 against Leishmania braziliensis intracellular amastigotes during macrophage infection. The action of these compounds was compared with the known leishmanicidal drug amphotericin B. None of the analogs were toxic to macrophages at 10 μmol L-1. The cytotoxic concentration at 50% (CC50), effective concentration at 50% (EC50), and selectivity index (SI) were determined to the best compounds 4-((2-allyl-6-methoxy)phenoxymethyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazole (8c) and 4-((2-allyl-6-methoxy)phenoxymethyl)-1-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazole (8h). They showed a significant leishmanicidal effect, with EC50 of 28.09 µmol L-1 (8c) and 52.03 µmol L-1 (8h). The SIs were 9.7 for 8c and > 5.7 for 8h. These compounds have the potential as new leishmanicidal agents against L. braziliensis and may represent a starting point for the development of alternative treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230073

12.

Antileishmanial effects of Crotalaria spectabilis Roth aqueous extracts on Leishmania amazonensis
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PACHECO, JULIANA S.

; TEIXEIRA, ÉRIKA MARIA G.F.

; PASCHOAL, RAMON G.

; TORRES-SANTOS, EDUARDO CAIO

; SIMONE, SALVATORE GIOVANNI DE

; SILVA-LÓPEZ, RAQUEL ELISA DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 1 elocation e20220613

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fifteen polar extracts from leaf, seed, pod, stem, flower and root of Crotalaria spectabilis were prepared using aqueous systems, based on the principles of green chemistry, and showed different protease inhibitor (PI) activities on trypsin, papain, pepsin and the extracellular L. amazonensis serine protease (LSPIII). The most pronounced inhibitory effect on LSPIII was observed in leaf (CS-P), root, stem, flower (CS-FPVPP) and pod (CS-VA) extracts. Crotalaria extracts exhibited low cytotoxicity on macrophages; however, they decreased the viability of L. amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes, as observed in leaf (CS-AE, CS-P, CS-T and CS-PVPP), seed (CS-ST), flower and root (CS-RA) extracts. CS-P was chosen to study PI and secondary metabolites and a 10-12 kDa protein, analyzed by mass spectrometry, was identified as a serine PI homologous with papaya latex serine PI. Glycosylated flavonoids, such as quercetins, vitexin and tricin were the major secondary metabolites of CS-P. The presence of PIs in C. spectabilis is a new finding, especially in other organs than seeds since PIs have been reported only in seed legumes. Besides, this is the first report of antileishmanial activity of C. spectabilis extracts and the identification of serine polypeptide PI and glycosylated flavonoids from leaf.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220613

13.

Periodontal diseases and tooth wear in sheep flocks in the State of Goiás, Brazil
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Martins, Andressa S.

; Silva, Tamires A.

; Athayde, Flávia R.F.

; Saraiva, Júlia R.

; Mendes, Juliana G.

; Cardoso, Maria Vitória S.

; Dutra, Iveraldo S.

; Borsanelli, Ana Carolina

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07367

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Dental and periodontal affections consist of health concerns of great importance in sheep flocks, as they affect the health and welfare of animals and represent one of the main causes of premature slaughter. Studies on the occurrence of these conditions in sheep are scarce in Brazil. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal diseases and tooth wear in sheep flocks in the State of Goiás. For this, a clinical oral examination was conducted on 325 sheep from seven farms in six municipalities of the State. Periodontal lesions, characterized by gingival recession in at least one incisor tooth, were observed in 48.3% (157/325) of the sheep, while in cheek teeth it occurred in 13.2% (43/325) of the evaluated sheep. Dental wear on cheek teeth was identified in 69.2% (255/325) of the sheep, and 10.7% (35/325) of the ovines showed dental wear on incisor teeth. Sheep older than 36 months had an increase in the frequency of tooth wear. A total of 171 (52.62%) out of the 325 examined sheep had signs of bleeding on probing, which is compatible with gingivitis, and 69 (40.36%) were older than 36 months. Thirty-eight (11.69%) out of the 325 evaluated ovines had gingivitis in all teeth, among which 21 (55.26%) were older than 36 months. Logistic regression analysis allowed the observation that age was associated with the occurrence of gingivitis. Less frequent changes such as periodontal pockets and loss of at least one tooth were also observed in 4.9% (16/325) and 17.8% (58/325) of the sheep, respectively. It indicates that the presence of periodontal diseases and tooth wear is a common occurrence in the evaluated flocks. Therefore, there is a need to include the oral health of sheep in the routine of the farm as an essential preventive measure to improve the quality of life, animal welfare, and zootechnical indices.

RESUMO: As afecções dentárias e periodontais constituem uma preocupação sanitária de grande importância em rebanhos ovinos, uma vez que afetam a saúde e o bem-estar dos animais, e representam uma das principais causas para o abate prematuro. No Brasil, estudos sobre a ocorrência dessas afecções em ovinos são escassos. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de doenças periodontais e desgaste dentário em rebanhos ovinos no estado de Goiás. Para isso, realizou-se o exame clínico bucal em 325 ovinos em sete propriedades rurais de seis municípios do estado. As lesões periodontais, caracterizadas por recessão gengival em, pelo menos, um dente incisivo, foram observadas em 48,3% (157/325) dos ovinos, enquanto nos mastigatórios ocorreu em 13,2% (43/325) dos ovinos avaliados. O desgaste dentário em dentes mastigatórios foi identificado em 69,2% (255/325) dos ovinos e 10,7% (35/325) dos ovinos apresentaram desgaste dentário em dentes incisivos. Ovinos com idade superior a 36 meses tiveram um aumento na frequência do desgaste dentário. Dos 325 ovinos examinados, 171 (52,62%) apresentaram sinais de sangramento à sondagem, compatíveis com o quadro de gengivite, sendo que 69 (40,36%) apresentaram idade superior a 36 meses. Dos 325 ovinos avaliados, 38 (11,69%) apresentaram gengivite em todos os dentes, dos quais 21 (55,26%) apresentaram idade superior a 36 meses. Pela análise de regressão logística, foi possível observar que a idade mostrou associação com a ocorrência de gengivite. Alterações menos frequentes como a bolsa periodontal e a perda de, pelo menos, um elemento dentário também foram observadas em 4,9% (16/325) e 17,8% (58/325) dos ovinos, respectivamente. Os resultados do presente estudo indicam que a presença doenças periodontais e desgaste dentário é uma ocorrência comum nos rebanhos avaliados. Portanto, enfatiza-se a necessidade de incluir a saúde bucal dos ovinos na rotina da propriedade como uma medida preventiva essencial para melhorar a qualidade de vida e o bem-estar dos animais, bem como os índices zootécnicos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7367

14.

Physiological aspects and production of coriander using nutrient solutions prepared in different brackish waters
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Navarro, Franz E. C.

; Santos Júnior, José A.

; Martins, Juliana B.

; Cruz, Ruana I. F.

; Silva, Manassés M. da

; Medeiros, Salomão de S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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nov 2022, Volume 26 N. 11 Pages 831 - 839

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A análise da fluorescência da clorofila é uma das muitas formas de quantificar o dano salino no desempenho fotossintético e na produção agrícola. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência fotoquímica e a produção do coentro, cultivar Verdão em função dos níveis de condutividades elétricas da solução nutritiva e da natureza catiônica. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 × 3, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram na exposição das plantas a quatro condutividades elétricas das soluções nutritivas (CEsn = 1,6; 3,2; 4,8 e 6,4 dS m-1) e três tipos de águas de diferentes naturezas catiônicas (Na+; Ca2+; Mg2+), preparadas com a solubilização de diferentes sais - NaCl, CaCl2.2H2O e MgCl2.6H2O em água de abastecimento da UFRPE (CEa = 0,12 dS m-1). O estudo foi realizado em casa de vegetação entre novembro e dezembro de 2019 no Laboratório de Fertirrigação e Salinidade do Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. O aumento da condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva afetou os centros de reação, a atividade fotoquímica, a eficiência da carboxilação e resultou na redução da condutância estomática, da taxa de assimilação de CO2 e, portanto, na produção de biomassa do coentro. Diferentes prevalências catiônicas na água proporcionam diferenças na intensidade do dano salino, sobretudo com o aumento da concentração.

ABSTRACT The analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence is one of many ways to quantify the salt damage to photosynthetic performance and crop production. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the photochemical efficiency and production of coriander, cultivar ‘Verdão’, as a function of the electrical conductivity levels of the nutrient solution and the cationic nature. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of four electrical conductivities of the nutrient solutions (ECns = 1.6, 3.2, 4.8, and 6.4 dS m-1) and three kinds of water of different cationic natures (Na+; Ca2+; Mg2+), which were prepared with the dissolution of different salts - NaCl, CaCl2.2H2O, and MgCl2.6H2O in supply water (ECw = 0.12 dS m-1), that is, three predominant cationic natures. The study was carried out in a greenhouse between November and December 2019 at the Fertigation and Salinity Laboratory of the Agricultural Engineering Department of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. It was found that the increase in the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution affected reaction centers, photochemical activity, and carboxylation efficiency and resulted in reductions in stomatal conductance, CO2 assimilation rate, and therefore, in the biomass production of coriander. Different cationic prevalence in water causes differences in the intensity of salt damage, especially with increasing concentration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n11p831-839

15.

Sanitary and physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with Eucalyptus spp. essential oils
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Oliveira, Augusto M.

; Santos, Alice M. G.

; Silva, Luciana B.

; Souza, João S. N.

; Silva, Helane F.

; Lima, Juliana J. P.

; Nunes, Túlio S.

; Leão, Katyuscya V.

; Machado, Luciana L.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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sep 2022, Volume 45 N. 3 Pages 41 - 50

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Soybean seeds are usually infested by fungi, and disinfestation has been carried out mainly with synthetic fungicides, however, alternative controls have been sought, including essential oils. Thus, the effect of essential oils extracted from the leaves of the hybrid Eucalyptus tereticornis x E. urophylla (HEtu) and E. grandis x E. urophylla (HEgu) in the sanitary and physiological quality of soybean seeds was evaluated. The sanity test was conducted out in completely randomizes design (CRD), factorial scheme 2x5 (two essential oils, in five concentrations: 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1), the seeds were placed in gerbox boxes in an incubator at 20 ºC for seven days, the fungi were identified according to their morphology. The physiological quality was evaluated in CRD, factorial scheme 2x4+1, being: two essential oils, in four concentrations (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1), plus an additional control treated with autoclaved distilled water, after eight days, the percentage of germination, percentage of abnormal seedlings and percentage of dead seeds were evaluated. The oils were efficient in controlling the Fusarium and Cladosporium genera, especially at concentrations of 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1. HEgu oil was more efficient in sanitary control, while HEtu oil was superior in all physiological variables. Despite the greater efficiency in sanitary control, HEgu oil negatively alters the physiological quality of the seeds, while HEtu oil at a concentration of 2.0 µL.mL-1, in addition to the efficiency in phytosanitary control, does not affect the physiological quality of the seeds.

Resumo As sementes de soja geralmente são infestadas por fungos, e a desinfestação tem sido realizada principalmente com fungicidas sintéticos, porém, tem-se buscado controles alternativos, entre eles, óleos essenciais. Assim, avaliou-se o efeito de óleos essenciais extraídos das folhas dos híbridos Eucalyptus tereticornis x Eucalyptus urophylla (HEtu) e Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla (HEgu) na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de soja. O teste de sanidade foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), esquema fatorial 2x5 (dois óleos essenciais, em cinco concentrações: 0; 0,5; 0,75; 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1), as sementes foram colocadas em caixas gerbox em incubadora a 20 ºC por sete dias, os fungos foram identificados de acordo com sua morfologia. A qualidade fisiológica foi avaliada em DIC, esquema fatorial 2x4+1, sendo: dois óleos essenciais, em quatro concentrações (0,5; 0,75; 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1), mais uma testemunha adicional tratada com água destilada autoclavada, após oito dias foram avaliadas a Percentual de germinação, Percentual de plântulas anormais e Percentual de sementes mortas. Os óleos mostram-se eficientes no controle dos gêneros Fusarium e Cladosporium, especialmente nas concentrações de 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1. O óleo do HEgu foi mais eficiente no controle sanitário, enquanto que o do HEtu foi superior para todas as variáveis fisiológicas. Apesar da maior eficiência no controle sanitário, o óleo do HEgu prejudica a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, enquanto que o do HEtu na concentração de 2,0 µL.mL-1 além da eficiente no controle fitossanitário não prejudica a qualidade fisiológica das sementes.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.26529

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