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ABSTRACT The collapse of the Fundão Dam in Mariana, MG, in 2015 introduced the challenge of using Technosol, a soil type formed by deposition of iron mining waste along the Doce River banks, for agricultural purposes. This study aimed to determine the optimal water depth for enhancing production of tropical forage, Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombasa, when grown on iron ore tailings. Additionally, it sought to establish a crop coefficient applicable to the edaphoclimatic conditions of Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The experiment was conducted throughout the summer, fall, and winter of 2022, employing 21 drainage lysimeters. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted, featuring six treatment groups (plants in Technosol receiving water depths ranging from 20 to 120% of the crop’s evapotranspiration, as derived from the control treatment), along with a control group (plants in Latosol with a depth of 100%), each with three repetitions. Our findings showed that irrigation must replace 40% of the crop evapotranspiration. Moreover, cultivating in Technosol resulted in a reduction of productive capacity by 37.39% during the summer/fall and fall seasons. For Mombasa grass grown in Oxisol, crop coefficients of 1.2 during the summer and 1.5 during the fall and winter are advised.

RESUMO O rompimento da Barragem do Fundão em Mariana, MG, ocorrida em 2015, trouxe o desafio de usar o Tecnossolo (tipo de solo) formado pela deposição do rejeito de mineração de ferro nas margens do Rio Doce para agricultura. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi obter a lâmina de água para otimizar a produção da forragem tropical Megathyrsus maximum cv. Mombaça, cultivada em rejeito de mineração de ferro e determinar seu coeficiente de cultura para as condições edafoclimáticas de Viçosa, MG. O experimento foi realizado durante as estações de verão, outono e inverno do ano de 2022, com a utilização de 21 lisímetros de drenagem. O experimento foi distribuído em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 6 tratamentos (plantas em Tecnossolo com lâminas variando de 20 a 120% da evapotranspiração da cultura, obtida do tratamento-testemunha) e adição de uma testemunha (plantas em Latossolo com lâmina de 100%) com três repetições. Recomenda-se irrigação com reposição de 40% da evapotranspiração da cultura. O cultivo em Tecnossolo diminuiu a capacidade produtiva em 37,39% nos ciclos das estações do verão/outono e outono. Recomenda-se os coeficientes de cultura de 1,2 no verão e 1,5 no outono e no inverno, para o capim-Mombaça cultivado em um Latossolo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n3e275196

Unraveling the Metabolomic Profile and Bioactivities of the Paratoid Gland Secretion from Rhinella granulosa
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Barros, Elcio Daniel S.

; Monção Filho, Evaldo S.

; Fonseca, Mariluce G.

; Alves, Patrícia S.

; Santos, Antônia Laíres S.

; Feitosa, Chistiane M.

; Silva, Dulce Helena S.

; Costa, Pedro Mikael S.

; Pessoa, Cláudia

; Campos, Carmem D. L.

; Monteiro, Cristina A.

; Chaves, Mariana Helena

; Vieira Júnior, Gerardo M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2023, Volume 34 N. 10 Pages 1398 - 1409

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Toads of the Rhinella genus have a pair of paratoid glands that store biological secretions of high toxicity and varied chemical composition, rich in biologically active compounds. The present work aimed to carry out the investigation of the metabolomic profile and evaluation of the biological potential of the secretion paratoid glands (PGS) from Rhinella granulosa. The paratoid secretion was collected in the Piauí state (Brazil), extracted with methanol and the extract was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fifty chemical constituents were identified. The extract showed cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines of the central nervous system (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 1.9 µg mL-1) and prostate (IC50 = 1.6 µg mL-1), unsatisfactory antimicrobial potential (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 312 µg mL-1) and inhibited the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 5.119 mg mL-1). The results presented relevant information about the PGS and contributed to the understanding of the metabolomic and biological potential of R. granulosa.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230052

Surf-zone fish assemblage structure and its diel variability in an ocean beach of Espírito Santo (Central Brazilian coast)
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Contente, Riguel Feltrin

; Marion, Camila

; Silva, João Victor

; Soeth, Marcelo

; Condini, Mario Vinicius Lopes

; Lopes Almeida, Lorena

; Spach, Henry Louis

; Hostim-Silva, Mauricio

Latin american journal of aquatic research

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mar 2023, Volume 51 N. 1 Pages 133 - 144

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT We characterized the surf-zone fish assemblage structure of an ocean beach on the central coast of Brazil (Guriri Beach, Espírito Santo) and assessed its diel variability. Like the entire Espírito Santo coast, Guriri Beach was also affected by ore tailings from the Fundão dam, which collapsed on November 5, 2015. Monthly samplings were carried out before the dam collapse along a year cycle (May 2013-April 2014), during the day and night in the neap tide, using a beach seine. A total of 2217 specimens were caught (1017 during the day and 1200 at night), distributed in 36 fish species and 20 families. Juveniles of the kingcroaker Menticirrhus spp., great pompano Trachinotus goodei, Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus, littlescale threadfin Polydactylus oligodon, and Atlantic sabretooth anchovy Lycengraulis grossidens dominated the fish fauna, accounting for 84% of the total capture. The fish assemblage structure changed irregularly between day and night throughout the year. P. oligodon and Menticirrhus spp. were more abundant at night, whereas T. carolinus and L. grossidens were more abundant during the day. In most cases, no significant change was detected in fish abundance and richness between the day and night; when significant differences were detected, abundance and richness were higher at night. Our findings could support a monitoring program of the local surf-zone fish fauna and serve as before-impact data, allowing more accurate quantification of the ore tailings' impacts on the local fish biodiversity.

https://doi.org/10.3856/vol51-issue1-fulltext-2925

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor serum levels following ketamine and esketamine intervention for treatment-resistant depression: secondary analysis from a randomized trial
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Caliman-Fontes, Ana Teresa

; Leal, Gustavo C.

; Correia-Melo, Fernanda S.

; Paixao, Camilla S.

; Carvalho, Michelle S.

; Jesus-Nunes, Ana Paula

; Vieira, Flavia

; Magnavita, Guilherme

; Bandeira, Igor D.

; Mello, Rodrigo P.

; Beanes, Graziele

; Silva, Samantha S.

; Echegaray, Mariana

; Carvalho, Lucas P.

; Machado, Paulo

; Sampaio, Aline S.

; Cardoso, Taiane de A.

; Kapczinski, Flávio

; Lacerda, Acioly L. T.

; Quarantini, Lucas C.

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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2023, Volume 45 elocation e20210298

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives Evidence suggests that ketamine’s influence on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might be involved in its mechanism of rapid antidepressant action. We aimed to evaluate the differential impact of ketamine and esketamine on serum BDNF levels and its association with response patterns in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods Participants (n = 53) are from a randomized, double-blind clinical trial comparing the efficacy of single-dose ketamine (0.5mg/kg, n = 27) and esketamine (0.25mg/kg, n = 26) in TRD. Depression severity was assessed before and 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after the intervention, using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Blood samples were collected before infusion, 24 hours, and 7 days afterwards. Results There were no significant changes in BDNF levels at post-infusion evaluation points, and no difference in BDNF levels comparing ketamine and esketamine. Both drugs exhibited similar therapeutic effect. There was no association between BDNF levels and response to treatment or severity of depressive symptoms. Conclusion There was no significant treatment impact on BDNF serum levels – neither with ketamine nor esketamine – despite therapeutic response. These results suggest that ketamine or esketamine intervention for TRD has no impact on BDNF levels measured at 24 hours and 7 days after the infusion. This clinical trial is registered on the Japan Primary Registries Network: UMIN000032355.

https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0298

Effect of bioagents and cover crops on soil attributes and common bean plant development
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Frasca, Laylla Luanna de Mello

; Rezende, Cássia Cristina

; Silva, Mariana Aguiar

; Lanna, Anna Cristina

; Nascente, Adriano Stephan

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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2023, Volume 53 elocation e76044

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The search for cultivation techniques that provide productive, social and environmental benefits to the agroecosystem is of great seriousness for the sustainable intensification of agriculture. This study aimed to determine the effect of crop cover crops on the soil attributes and development of bean plants treated with the consortium of bioagents Serratia marcencens + Trichoderma koningiopsis grown in the winter. The experiments were conducted for three crop seasons, in a randomized blocks design arranged in a 2 × 8 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments consisted of the combination of eight cover crops with two microbial treatments. The bioagents and the mix of cover crops, especially the treatment 2 (corn) and the mixes 3 (millet, Crotalaria ochroleuca, black oat, white oat, buckwheat and coracana grass) and 5 (black oat, buckwheat, millet, Piatã grass and C. Ocholeuca), provided significant increases in the soil chemical and biological quality, with increases in the contents of Ca, Mg, K, H + Al and organic matter, as well as in the main soil pathogens that affect the bean crop, concerning fallow. In addition, there was an increase in the number of pods per plant and grains per pod. The use of these technologies provided savings, if compared to the use of chemical fertilization.

RESUMO A busca por técnicas de cultivo que proporcionem benefícios produtivos, sociais e ambientais ao agroecossistema é de grande seriedade para a intensificação sustentável da agricultura. Objetivou-se determinar o efeito de coberturas vegetais nos atributos do solo e no desenvolvimento de feijoeiro tratado com o consórcio de bioagentes Serratia marcencens + Trichoderma koningiopsis, em cultivo de inverno. Os experimentos foram conduzidos por três safras agrícolas, com delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 8, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos pela combinação de oito coberturas vegetais e dois tratamentos microbianos. Os bioagentes e a mistura de plantas de cobertura, especialmente o tratamento 2 (milho) e as misturas 3 (milheto, Crotalaria ochroleuca, aveia preta, aveia branca, trigo mourisco e capim coracana) e 5 (aveia preta, trigo mourisco, milheto, capim Piatã e C. ochroleuca), proporcionaram aumentos significativos na qualidade química e biológica do solo, com aumento nos teores de Ca, Mg, K, H + Al e matéria orgânica, bem como dos principais patógenos do solo que afetam a cultura do feijoeiro, em relação ao pousio. Além disso, houve aumento no número de vagens por planta e de grãos por vagem. O uso dessas tecnologias proporcionou economia, em relação ao uso da adubação química.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5376044

Biomass, nutrient accumulation, and weed suppression by mix of cover crops
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Silva, Mariana A.

; Nascente, Adriano S.

; Frasca, Laylla L. de M.

; Lanna, Anna C.

; Lacerda, Mabio C.

; Silva, Cristiano B. da

Revista Caatinga

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2023, Volume 36 N. 4 Pages 757 - 764

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Cover crops, isolated or mixed, provide several benefits to agricultural systems, such as nutrient cycling and weed control. The present study aimed to determine the biomass production and nutrient accumulation of a cover crop mix and its effects on weed suppression (biomass production), in the off-season, in a no-tillage area in the Cerrado region. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with six treatments and eight replications. Treatments comprised five cover crop mixes plus the control treatment (fallow). Mixes of cover crops, cultivated between grain harvests in a no-tillage system in the Cerrado region, efficiently reduced weed shoot biomass in the three evaluation periods, 30, 70, and 210 days after sowing. Additionally, it is concluded that the mixes 5 (Black oats, Buckwheat, Millet, Piatã grass, and Crotalaria ochroleuca) and 4 (C. spectabilis, Buckwheat, Pearl millet, and Crotalaria breviflora) are the best among those evaluated for Cerrado conditions because they produce more biomass in the offseason, due to the greater availability of nutrients to the soil, in addition to providing less biomass of weeds compared to fallow.

RESUMO As plantas de cobertura, isoladas ou em mix, proporcionam diversos benefícios aos sistemas agrícolas, como ciclagem de nutrientes e controle de plantas daninhas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a produção de biomassa e o acúmulo de nutrientes de mixes de plantas de cobertura e seus efeitos na supressão de plantas daninhas (produção de biomassa), na entressafra, em uma área de plantio direto na região do Cerrado. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e oito repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em cinco mix de plantas de cobertura mais o tratamento controle (pousio). Os mixes de plantas de cobertura, cultivadas na entressafra de grãos em sistema plantio direto na região do Cerrado, reduziram eficientemente a biomassa da parte aérea das plantas daninhas nos três períodos de avaliação, 30, 70 e 210 dias após a semeadura. Adicionalmente, conclui-se que os mixes 5 (Aveia preta, Trigo mourisco, Milheto, Capim Piatã e Crotalaria ochroleuca) e 4 (C. spectabilis, Trigo mourisco, Milheto e Crotalaria breviflora) são os melhores dentre os avaliados para condições de Cerrado, pois produzem mais biomassa na entressafra, devido à maior disponibilidade de nutrientes ao solo, além de proporcionarem menor biomassa de plantas daninhas em comparação ao pousio.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n403rc

Antimicrobial activity of products based on potassium monopersulfate on bacteria associated with avian infections
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Moraes, Miguel Augusto

; Oliveira-Silva, Mariana

; Goulart, Rafael Silva

; Gabarra, Manoel Henrique Cintra

; Miranda, Carlos Eduardo Saraiva

; Almeida, Paulo Garcia de

; Pitondo-Silva, André

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 58 elocation e03127

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four new potassium monopersulfate-based products on bacterial biofilms associated with avian infections, in order to disinfect drinking fountains in poultry farms. Initially, tests were performed in planktonic bacterial cells, to verify the antimicrobial activity and the minimum inhibitory concentration of the products, named PA, PB, PC, and PD. These products were tested on mature biofilms of the avian pathogens Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes, grown on specimens preserved in acrylic blocks, by counting colony-forming units, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. All products were effective against the evaluated bacterial species. The PA and PB products inhibited the bacterial growth at ≤ 0.13% concentrations, and PC and PD showed the same effect at ≤ 0.25% concentrations. Furthermore, the PA product was able to eliminate mature biofilms of S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis and L. monocytogenes. The evaluated monopersulfate-based products, notably PA, are effective against bacterial biofilms associated with avian infections and show potential as sanitizers and disinfectants for drinking fountains in poultry farms.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana de quatro novos produtos à base de monopersulfato de potássio em biofilmes bacterianos associados a infecções aviárias, para a desinfecção de bebedouros em granjas avícolas. Inicialmente, realizaram-se testes em células bacterianas planctônicas, para verificar a atividade antimicrobiana e a concentração inibitória mínima dos produtos, denominados PA, PB, PC e PD. Esses produtos foram testados em biofilmes maduros dos patógenos aviários Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis e Listeria monocytogenes, cultivados em espécimes preservados em blocos de acrílico, por meio da contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias, por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e por microscopia de fluorescência confocal. Todos os produtos foram eficazes contra as espécies bacterianas avaliadas. Os produtos PA e PB inibiram o crescimento bacteriano em concentrações ≤ 0,13%, e PC e PD apresentaram o mesmo efeito em concentrações ≤ 0,25%. Além disso, o produto PA foi capaz de eliminar os biofilmes maduros de S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis e L. monocytogenes. Os produtos à base de monopersulfato de potássio avaliados, notadamente o PA, são eficazes contra biofilmes bacterianos associados a infecções aviárias e apresentam potencial como sanitizantes e desinfetantes em bebedouros de granjas avícolas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03127

Antibacterial Profile in vitro and in vivo of New 1,4-Naphthoquinones Tethered to 1,2,3-1H-Triazoles Against the Planktonic Growth of Streptococcus mutans
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Gomes, Mônica P.

; Correia, Eduardo M.

; Gomes, Max W. L.

; Santos, Claudio C. C. dos

; Barros, Caroline S.

; Abreu, Fernanda V. de

; Antunes, Leonardo S.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Gonçalves, Mariana C.

; Resende, Gabriel O. de

; Gonzaga, Daniel T. G.

; Pinto, Carla E. C.

; Paixão, Izabel C. N. P.

; Silva, Fernando C. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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sep 2022, Volume 33 N. 9 Pages 1028 - 1040

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The cariogenic processes are mainly caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and consist of the demineralization of the tooth that occurs when the acid production overcomes the natural repair or if a problem occurs in the last one. In this work, we performed the synthesis of twenty-one 1,4-naphthoquinones tethered to 1,2,3-1H-triazoles (8a-8k and 9a-9j), antibacterial evaluation against the S. mutans in vitro and the acute toxicity of the better ones in vivo. We observed strong inhibition results in the disc diffusion test ranging, the halos of inhibitions, from 18.66 (± 0.57) to 29 (± 2.64) mm, and good values in the minimum inhibitory concentration (5 to 50 μg), for the compounds 9e, 9h, 9i and 9j: Furthermore, they do not have a cytotoxic effect at the concentrations tested. Besides that, in the in vivo test, they show some slight alteration in the histopathological analyses and the biochemistry. Thus, we found four potential candidates to become instruments for the treatment of cavities.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220014

10.

Synthesis and Anti-Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) Activity of Novel 1,4-Naphthoquinone Sulfonamide and Sulfonate Ester Derivatives
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Pacheco, Paulo A. F.

; Gonzaga, Daniel T.

; Cirne-Santos, Cláudio C.

; Barros, Caroline S.

; Gomes, Max W. L.

; Gomes, Rafaela S. P.

; Gonçalves, Mariana C.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Rabelo, Vitor W.

; Abreu, Paula A.

; Faria, Robson X.

; Resende, Gabriel O. de

; Rocha, David R. da

; Paixão, Izabel C. N. P.

; Silva, Fernando C. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jun 2022, Volume 33 N. 6 Pages 556 - 569

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging disease caused by an alphavirus of the Togaviridae family. Since its first description in 1952, the disease has spread worldwide, affecting populations in both tropical and temperate countries. To date, there is no licensed vaccine or specific pharmacological treatment. Therefore, there is an increasing urgency in developing new antiviral drugs capable of specifically inhibiting viral replication. In the present work, we report the synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of nineteen naphthoquinone derivatives, containing a sulfonamide or sulfonate group. Cell viability assays indicated a low toxic potential for all tested compounds and inhibitory assays against CHIKV identified five compounds with potent activity. The compounds were also evaluated for their virucidal potential, and the results demonstrated that compound 11a exhibited a virucidal effect higher than 70% in the treatment with 20 µM. Furthermore, in silico studies were performed to predict the antiviral drug targets.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220010

11.

CHARACTERIZATION OF GEOSPATIAL, MORPHOMETRIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMICS OF THE MARIANA MICROBASIN IN ALTA FLORESTA-MT, BRAZIL
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Silva, Marcus H. Martins e

; Silva, Fernando L.

Engenharia Agrícola

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feb 2022, Volume 42 N. 1 elocation e20200128

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT River basin environmental diagnosis and monitoring are fundamental for water resource use and conservation plans, as these systems integrate different landscape elements and may undergo impacts and changes of different levels and scales. In this context, this work aimed to characterize the geospatial, morphometric, and environmental dynamics in the Mariana microbasin, in the municipality of Alta Floresta, to provide technical-scientific subsidies for environmental management and planning at a local and regional level. The microbasin was analyzed for morphometric, topographic, and land-use and cover parameters using geospatial data processed in a geographic information system. The microbasin is classified as fourth-order, has a network of 72 channels, and its relief is mostly flat and smooth wavy. Moreover, the soil is predominantly covered by agricultural lands, encompassing 70% of the area. This feature brings the need to adopt conservation practices for soil management. This study showed the need for continuous environmental monitoring programs and expansion of conservation actions in the studied area.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v42n1e20200128/2022

12.

Ophthalmological manifestations of the Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome: a case report
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Silva, Mariana W. de Barros e

; Martins, Alline

; Medeiros, Analine L. de

; Vasconcelos, Adriano de

; Ventura, Camila V.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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feb 2022, Volume 85 N. 1 Pages 85 - 87

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Trata-se de um relato de caso de um paciente do sexo masculino de 2 anos de idade com atraso cognitivo, anormalidades faciais e microcórnea no olho direito encaminhado para investigação oftalmológica. O exame oftalmológico inicial evidenciou hipertelorismo, epicanto, nistagmo, esotropia e microcórnea no olho direito. O exame sob anestesia revelou microftalmia no olho direito e coloboma de íris, retina e nervo óptico em ambos os olhos. Foi realizado sequenciamento completo do exoma que mostrou uma variante patogênica heterozigótica no PACS1. A variante patogênica no PACS1 em associação com os achados clínicos apresentados confirmou o diagnóstico da síndrome de Schuurs-Hoeijmakers). Acredita-se este seja o estudo a descrever microcórnea e microftalmia como manifestações oculares adicionais da síndrome de Schuurs-Hoeijmakers.

ABSTRACT This is a case report of a 2-year-old male patient with cognitive delay, facial abnormalities, and microcornea in the right eye, who was referred for ophthalmological investigation. The initial ophthalmological examination revealed hypertelorism, epicanthus, nystagmus, esotropia, and microcornea in the right eye. The examination under anesthesia revealed microphthalmia in the right eye, and iris, retina, and optic nerve coloboma in both eyes. Whole exome sequencing revealed evidence of a heterozygotic pathogenic variant in PACS1. The PACS1 pathogenic variant in association with the clinical findings confirmed the diagnosis of Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe microcornea and microphthalmia as additional ocular manifestations of Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20220013 2 downloads

13.

COMPUTER VISION FOR MORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF BROILER CHICKEN BONES
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Castro Júnior, Sérgio L. de

; Silva, Iran J. O. da

; Nazareno, Aérica C.

; Mota, Mariana de O.

Engenharia Agrícola

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2022, Volume 42 N. spe elocation e20210150

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Locomotor problems are a challenge for commercial poultry, but current methods used to assess the bone structure of chickens are few and laborious. The objective of this study is to present software for the automatic extraction of morphometric characteristics of broiler chicken’s locomotor bones throughout the life cycle, by applying computer vision techniques. 112 samples from the tibia and 112 from the femur of commercial chickens were used, subdivided by age (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days). The images were digitally processed to extract bone morphometric properties (area, length, and perimeter). New software was created, including the proposed processing and algorithms for obtaining the morphometric characteristics. Classification models (artificial neural networks, ANN, and k-nearest neighbors’ algorithm, KNN) were developed to classify bones according to age and type. The results of the software were satisfactory, the sample bank could be handled correctly, a high applicability to test images from other sources was determined. For the classification of bones, the ANN method was more accurate than KNN. The information obtained in this study opens new possibilities for evaluative studies of broiler locomotive systems.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v42nepe20210150/2022

14.

Mitochondrial dysfunction on Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis induced by ketoconazole: insights into drug mode of action
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Nunes, Débora Cristina de Oliveira Silva

; Costa, Mônica Soares

; Bispo-da-Silva, Luiz Borges

; Ferro, Eloísa Amália Vieira

; Zóia, Mariana Alves Pereira

; Goulart, Luiz Ricardo

; Rodrigues, Renata Santos

; Rodrigues, Veridiana de Melo

; Yoneyama, Kelly Aparecida Geraldo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2022, Volume 117 elocation e210157

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Leishmania parasites cause leishmaniasis that range from self-limiting cutaneous lesions to more serious forms of the disease. The search for potential drug targets focusing on biochemical and metabolic pathways revealed the sterol biosynthesis inhibitors (SBIs) as a promising approach. In this class of inhibitors is found ketoconazole, a classical inhibitor of 14α-methysterol 14-demethylase. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to better understand the biological response of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis promastigotes at the cellular level after ketoconazole treatment. METHODS Herein, techniques, such as fluorimetry, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, electron and scanning microscopy were used to investigate the cellular structures and to identify organelles affected by ketoconazole treatment. FINDINGS The study demonstrated, for the first time, the effect of ketoconazole on mitochondrion functioning and its probable relationship to cell cycle and death on L. (L.) amazonensis promastigotes (IFLA/BR/67/PH8 strain). MAIN CONCLUSIONS Ketoconazole-induced mitochondrial damages led to hyperpolarisation of this single organelle and autophagic vacuoles formation, as a parasite survival strategy. These damages did not reflect directly on the parasite cell cycle, but drove the parasites to death, making them susceptible to ketoconazole treatment in in vitro models.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760210157

15.

The transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality of Guarujá, on the Coast of São Paulo state, Brazil
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Casanova, Claudio

; Motoie, Gabriela

; Domingos, Maria de Fátima

; Silva, Vanessa Gusmon da

; Silva, Mariana Dantas da

; Galati, Eunice Aparecida Bianchi

; Galvis-Ovallos, Fredy

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 56 elocation 1

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To perform an entomological survey, evaluating the circulation of Leishmania spp. in sand flies captured from the new foci of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the coastal region of São Paulo state. METHODS Sand flies were captured from November 2016 to September 2018 using light traps of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), in the neighborhood where VL cases were reported. Leishmania spp. circulation was evaluated by gut dissection and molecular analysis of the females captured. RESULTS Nyssomyia intermedia was the more frequent species (90,7%) within the 1,203 sand flies captured. We found no flagellates in dissected females, but two pools containing females of Ny. intermedia presented DNA of L. infantum. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Ny. intermedia might be involved in the establishment of this new VL focus in Sao Paulo. However, before incriminating this species as a L. infantum vector, further studies should investigate other vectorial capacity parameters, including competence, survival, and feeding habits.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056003680

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