Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Background: The evaluation of the integrity of a river involves the analysis of different aspects of its environment and the ecosystem itself. Goal. In the present study, the abiotic and biotic quality of the Cupatitzio river was characterized using multiple indicators. Methods: An analysis of the coverage of the different land uses in the basin was carried out, 16 physicochemical variables of the water were measured, and aquatic invertebrates were identified and quantified in 20 monitoring sites. Water quality index (NSF-WQI) and biological indices (Shannon-Wiener, Pielou, and Indicator Species Analysis) were calculated, and multivariate statistical methods were applied. Results: Most of the sites present an important coverage of human settlements and agriculture, and the lowest value for natural vegetation. Consequently, the beginning of the river presented a modification in its channel which reduced the value of biological indicators. Overall water quality is medium for the river, related to the presence of organic matter with high values of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (maximum 22.82 mg/L) and nutrients (maximum NO3 of 12.39 mg/L and NH4 of 7.31 mg/L). The dominant families were Chironomidae, Lumbriculidae, Gammaridae, and Baetidae. A significant spatial and temporal difference in family abundance was detected (A=0.061, P=0.0007, and A=0.247, P=0.000008, respectively). Six of the 77 families were identified as significant indicators. Conclusions: Only at dry season there was more concordance between environmental quality and aquatic organisms’ indicators. A protocol of the analyses is presented for implementation in other aquatic ecosystems and it is recommended the necessity to calibrate and validate biological indicator indices (e. g., BMWP) to improve interpretation.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: La evaluación de la integridad de un río involucra el análisis de diferentes aspectos de su entorno y del propio ecosistema. Objetivos: En el presente estudio se caracterizó la calidad abiótica y biótica del río Cupatitzio utilizando múltiples indicadores. Métodos: Se realizó un análisis de la cobertura de los diferentes usos del suelo en la cuenca, se registraron 16 variables fisicoquímicos del agua, se identificaron y cuantificaron los invertebrados acuáticos en 20 sitios. Se calcularon el índice de calidad del agua (NSF-WQI) y los índices biológicos (Shannon-Wiener, Pielou e Indicator Species Analysis) y se aplicaron métodos estadísticos multivariados. Resultados: La mayoría de los sitios presentan una importante cobertura de asentamientos humanos y agricultura con el menor valor para la vegetación natural. En consecuencia, el inicio del río presentó una modificación en su cauce lo que redujo el valor de los indicadores biológicos. La calidad del agua es mayormente media, relacionada a la presencia de materia orgánica con altos valores de Demanda Bioquímica de Oxígeno (máximo de 22.82 mg/L) y nutrientes (máximos de NO3 de 12.39 mg/L y NH4 de 7.31 mg/L). Las familias dominantes fueron Chironomidae, Lumbriculidae, Gammaridae y Baetidae. Se detectó una diferencia significativa tanto espacial como temporal en la abundancia de las familias (A=0.061, P=0.0007 y A=0.247, P=0.000008, respectivamente). Se identificaron 6 de las 77 familias como indicadores significativos. Conclusiones: Solo en estiaje se presentó más concordancia entre la calidad ambiental y los macroinvertebrados indicadores. Se presenta un protocolo de análisis para su implementación en otros ecosistemas acuáticos y se ve la necesidad de incorporar otros índices de indicadores biológicos (p. ej., BMWP) calibrados y validados para mejorar la interpretación.

https://doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbs/hidro/2022v32n1/gudino

Sample arrangements and spatial variability characterization of dendometrics parameters of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and physical soil attributes
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Lima, César Gustavo da Rocha

; Panosso, Alan Rodrigo

; Costa, Nídia Raquel

; Carvalho, Mariana Barbosa de

; Giovanini Júnior, Nelson

; Silva, Paulo Ricardo Teodoro da

Revista Ceres

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Dez 2021, Volume 68 Nº 6 Páginas 597 - 608

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT To evaluate the performance of different sampling arrangements, this work aimed to study, in a field of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, the variability and spatial dependence of some attributes of plant and soil (LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distrófico [Typic hapludox]). To collect the soil (water content [WC] and soil mechanical penetration resistance [PR]) and plant data (tree height [TH] and circumference at breast height [CBH]), a sampling arrangement containing 122 points was used in an area of 1.98 ha and three other arrangements, with 84, 48 and 42 points. Except for the CBH, the reduction of points did not expressively affect the parameters of the classical statistics of all other parameters evaluated. Spatially, for TH and WC, the reduction of collection points did not significantly affect the geostatistical parameters, allowing estimating mapping similar to the initial mapping with high correlation coefficients. The WC at 0.10-0.20 m layer could be estimated from 48 samples of the WC at 0-0.10 m layer and 48 samples in the layer of 0.10-0.20 m with a correlation coefficient (r) equal to 0.94 when compared to initial kriging from an arrangement with 122 sample points.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202168060012

Path analysis under multiple-trait BLUP: application in the study of interrelationships among traits related to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber length
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Silva Alves, Rodrigo

; do Amaral Santos de Carvalho Rocha, João

; Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro, Larissa

; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo

; de Carvalho, Luiz Paulo

; Correia Farias, Francisco José

; Vilela de Resende, Marcos Deon

; Lopes Bhering, Leonardo

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

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Jun 2021, Volume 53 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 10

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Multiple-trait best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) is generally the most appropriate method to predict genetic values because it considers the genetic and residual correlations among traits and leads to higher selective accuracy. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the interrelationships among traits related to cotton fiber length through path analysis under multiple-trait BLUP. To that end, 36 elite lines were evaluated in three envi ronments and phenotyped for fiber quality and agronomic traits. Variance components were estimated via residual maximum likelihood (REML). The genetic correlation coefficients among traits were obtained through the mixed model output, and a correlation network was constructed to graphically express these results. Subsequently, path analysis was performed considering fiber length as the main dependent variable. Genetic parameters indicate that the phenotypic variance for most traits is mainly composed of residual effects, which reinforces the need for more accurate statistical methods, such as multiple-trait BLUP. The results for genetic correlations and path analysis reveal the difficulty of selection based on important fiber quality traits, especially fiber length, since most traits show a low cause-and-effect relationship, while other important traits have an undesirable cause-and-effect relationship. Path analysis under multiple-trait BLUP proved to be suitable and useful for studying interrelationships among traits related to cotton fiber length.

Resumen La mejor predicción lineal insesgada de rasgos múltiples (BLUP) es, en general, el método más apropiado para predecir valores genéticos porque considera las correlaciones genéticas y residuales entre rasgos y conducta con mayor precisión selectiva. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo estudiar las interrelaciones entre los rasgos relacio nados con la longitud de la fibra de algodón a través del análisis de ruta en BLUP de rasgos múltiples. Con este fin, se evaluaron treinta y seis líneas élite en tres ambientes y se fenotipificaron para muchos rasgos relacionados con la calidad de la fibra y los rasgos agronómicos. Los componentes de la varianza se estimaron mediante la máxima verosimilitud residual (REML). Los coeficientes de correlación genética entre rasgos se obtuvieron a través de la salida del modelo mixto, y para expresar gráficamente estos resultados se construyó una red de correlación. Posteriormente, realizamos el análisis de ruta considerando la longitud de la fibra como variable dependiente principal. Los parámetros genéticos indican que la variación fenotípica para la mayoría de los rasgos se compone principalmente de efectos residuales, lo que refuerza la necesidad de utilizar métodos estadísticos más precisos, como BLUP de rasgos múltiples. Los resultados encontrados para las correlaciones genéticas y el análisis de ruta revelan la dificultad de la selección basada en rasgos importantes de la calidad de la fibra, especialmente la longitud de la fibra, ya que la mayoría de los rasgos muestran una relación de causa y efecto muy baja, y otros rasgos importantes presentan una relación de causa y efecto no deseada. El análisis de ruta en BLUP de rasgos múltiples resultó ser adecuado y útil para el estudio de las interrelaciones entre los rasgos relacio nados con la longitud de la fibra de algodón.

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Soybean productivity, stability, and adaptability through mixed model methodology
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Evangelista, Jeniffer Santana Pinto Coelho

; Alves, Rodrigo Silva

; Peixoto, Marco Antônio

; Resende, Marcos Deon Vilela de

; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo

; Silva, Felipe Lopes da

; Bhering, Leonardo Lopes

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 Nº 2 elocation e20200406

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A interação genótipo × ambiente (G × E) desempenha um papel essencial na expressão fenotípica e pode provocar dificuldades na seleção genética. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo estimar parâmetros genéticos e comparar diferentes estratégias de seleção no contexto de modelos mistos para melhoramento da soja. Para isso, foram utilizados dados referentes à avaliação de 30 genótipos em dez ambientes, referentes à característica produtividade de grãos. Os componentes de variância foram estimados pela máxima verossimilhança restrita (REML) e os valores genotípicos foram preditos pela melhor previsão imparcial linear (BLUP). Efeitos significativos dos genótipos e interação G × E foram detectados pelo teste da razão de verossimilhança (LRT). Correlação genotípica baixa foi obtida entre os ambientes indicando interação G × E do tipo complexa. A acurácia seletiva foi muito alta, indicando alta confiabilidade. Os resultados mostraram que os genótipos de soja mais produtivos apresentam alta adaptabilidade e estabilidade.

ABSTRACT: The genotype × environment (G×E) interaction plays an essential role in phenotypic expression and can lead to difficulties in genetic selection. Thus, the present study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and to compare different selection strategies in the context of mixed models for soybean breeding. For this, data referring to the evaluation of 30 genotypes in 10 environments, regarding the grain yield trait, were used. The variance components were estimated through restricted maximum likelihood (REML) and genotypic values were predicted through best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). Significant effects of genotypes and G×E interaction were detected by the likelihood ratio test (LRT). Low genotypic correlation was obtained across environments, indicating complex G×E interaction. The selective accuracy was very high, indicating high reliability. Our results showed that the most productive soybean genotypes have high adaptability and stability.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200406 952 downloads

Models for optimizing selection based on adaptability and stability of cotton genotypes
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Peixoto, Marco Antônio

; Evangelista, Jeniffer Santana Pinto Coelho

; Alves, Rodrigo Silva

; Farias, Francisco José Correa

; Carvalho, Luiz Paulo

; Teodoro, Larissa Pereira Ribeiro

; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo

; Bhering, Leonardo Lopes

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 Nº 5 elocation e20200530

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Em ensaios multi-ambientes, grandes redes experimentais são utilizadas para a avaliação de genótipos, tentando contornar o efeito que a interação genótipo por ambiente desempenha na seleção genotípica. Neste estudo, objetivamos testar diferentes estruturas de variância residual e medir o ganho de seleção de genótipos de algodão, baseados em produtividade, adaptabilidade e estabilidade, simultaneamente. Doze genótipos de algodão foram plantados em 10 ambientes, sendo determinados o comprimento da fibra (CF), a resistência da fibra (RF), a micronaire (MIC) e produtividade de fibras (PF). A seleção do modelo para diferentes estruturas de variância residual (homogênea e heterogênea) foi testada usando o Critério de Informação de Akaike (AIC) e o Critério de Informação Bayesiano (BIC). Os componentes de variância foram estimados através de máxima verossimilhança restrita e os valores genotípicos foram preditos através da melhor predição linear não viesada. A média harmônica do desempenho relativo dos valores genéticos (HMRPGV) foram aplicadas para seleção simultânea para adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade. De acordo com o BIC, a estrutura residual heterogênea apresentou o melhor ajuste para a característica PF, enquanto a estrutura residual homogênea apresentou o melhor ajuste para as características CF, RF e MIC. A acurácia seletiva foi alta, indicando confiabilidade da predição. O método HMRPGV foi capaz de selecionar para estabilidade, adaptabilidade e produtividade, simultaneamente, com notável ganho de seleção para cada característica.

ABSTRACT: In multi-environment trials (MET), large networks are assessed for results improvement. However, genotype by environment interaction plays an important role in the selection of the most adaptable and stable genotypes in MET framework. In this study, we tested different residual variances and measure the selection gain of cotton genotypes accounting for adaptability and stability, simultaneously. Twelve genotypes of cotton were bred in 10 environments, and fiber length (FL), fiber strength (FS), micronaire (MIC), and fiber yield (FY) were determined. Model selection for different residual variance structures (homogeneous and heterogeneous) was tested using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The variance components were estimated through restricted maximum likelihood and genotypic values were predicted through best linear unbiased prediction. The harmonic mean of relative performance of genetic values (HMRPGV) were applied for simultaneous selection for adaptability, stability, and yield. According to BIC heterogeneous residual variance was the best model fit for FY, whereas homogeneous residual variance was the best model fit for FL, FS, and MIC traits. The selective accuracy was high, indicating reliability of the prediction. The HMRPGV was capable to select for stability, adaptability and yield simultaneously, with remarkable selection gain for each trait.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200530 369 downloads

Selective carious tissue removal and glass ionomer liner reduction of pulp stress in bulk fill resin composite restorations
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Rodrigues, Monise de Paula

; Cunha, Laryssa Silva da

; Vilela, Andomar Bruno Fernandes

; Schettini, Ana Cecília Teodoro

; Bragança, Gabriel Felipe de

; França, Rodrigo

; Soares, Carlos José

Brazilian Oral Research

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2021, Volume 35 elocation e119

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: To evaluate the effect of selective or nonselective carious tissue removal and the use of a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC) liner under bulk fill resin composite restoration on the stress at the pulp chamber, the elastic moduli of hard, firm, soft and intact dentin were calculated using nanoindentation. Post-gel shrinkage of the bulk fill resin composite and RMGIC were determined using the strain-gauge method. Six finite element models were created by using digital radiography with the combination of two study factors: a) carious tissue removal: selective removal or nonselective removal of carious tissue, and b) use of RMGIC liner: with or without 1.0 mm of RMGIC liner. The modified von Mises stresses (mvm) (MPa) were extracted on the nodes of the internal wall of the pulp ceiling chamber at 100 N occlusal loading. Data were analyzed descriptively and recorded quantitively. Both study factors influenced the stress distribution. The mvm stress during the restorative procedure was higher for nonselective carious tissue removal without RMGIC (25.9 MPa) and lower for selective carious tissue removal associated with RMGIC (13.5 MPa). The dentin elastic modulus increased from soft carious (3.6 ± 0.3 MPa) to firm carious (5.2 ± 1.0 MPa) to hard carious (10.9 ± 1.2 MPa) to intact dentin (22.7 ± 3.0 MPa). Molars with carious lesions showed high mvm stress at the pulp ceiling (89.6 MPa) and at fragilized coronal structure remaining. Selective carious tissue removal followed by restoration using a Vitrebond liner and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk fill reduced the stress at the pulp chamber ceiling.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0119 1 downloads

Quantifying individual variation in reaction norms using random regression models fitted through Legendre polynomials: application in eucalyptus breeding
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Alves, Rodrigo Silva

; Resende, Marcos Deon Vilela de

; Rocha, João Romero do Amaral Santos de Carvalho

; Peixoto, Marco Antônio

; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo

; Silva, Fabyano Fonseca e

; Bhering, Leonardo Lopes

; Santos, Gleison Augusto dos

Bragantia

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Dez 2020, Volume 79 Nº 4 Páginas 485 - 501

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT An accurate, efficient and informative statistical method for analyses of genotype × environment (G × E) interactions is a key requirement for progress in any breeding program. Thus, the objective of this study was to quantify individual variation in reaction norms using random regression models fitted through Legendre polynomials in eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) breeding. To this end, a data set with 215 eucalyptus clones of different species and hybrids evaluated in four environments for diameter at breast height (DBH) and Pilodyn penetration (PP) was used. Variance components were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood, and genetic values were predicted by best linear unbiased prediction. The best-fitted model for DBH and PP was indicated by the Akaike information criterion, and the significance of the genotype effects was tested using the likelihood ratio test. Genetic variability between eucalyptus clones and very high accuracies ( r g ^ g ≥ 0 . 90) were detected for both traits. Reaction norms and eigenfunctions generated genetic insights into G × E interactions. This is the first study that quantified individual variation in reaction norms using random regression models fitted through Legendre polynomials in eucalyptus breeding and demonstrated the great potential of this technique.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20200125 77 downloads

Selection of Jatropha genotypes for bioenergy purpose: an approach with multitrait, multiharvest and effective population size
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Rodrigues, Erina Vitório

; Rocha, João Romero do Amaral Santos de Carvalho

; Alves, Rodrigo Silva

; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo

; Laviola, Bruno Galvêas

; Resende, Marcos Deon Vilela de

; Carneiro, Pedro Crescêncio Souza

; Bhering, Leonardo Lopes

Bragantia

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Set 2020, Volume 79 Nº 3 Páginas 346 - 355

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Jatropha curcas L. is a perennial plant with great potential for biodiesel production. Thus, the aim of this study was to select J. curcas genotypes for bioenergy purpose considering multitrait, multiharvest and effective population size. To this end, a data set with 70 J. curcas families, obtained through controlled crosses, evaluated in a randomized block design, with six replications, three plants per plot, spaced at 4 × 2 m was used. The following traits were evaluated: plant height in the 2014 and 2015 crop seasons; canopy projection in the row (2015 crop season); canopy projection between rows (2015 crop season); and grain yield (2015, 2016, and 2017 harvests). The mixed model methodology was used to estimate the variance components and to predict the genetic values. Superior genotypes were selected through Multitrait index based on factor analysis and genotype-ideotype distance (FAI-BLUP index), considering the effective population size. According to this index, 98% of all additive genetic variability were summarized in three factors. By adopting the selection intensity that allows maintaining the effective population size equal to 30 (i.e., selection of 214 individuals), the predicted gains were 15.56, 21.75, 4.16, and 5.37% for the traits grain yield in the 2015 and 2016 harvests, canopy projection in the row, and canopy projection between rows in the 2015 crop season, respectively. Thus, the results suggest that the FAI-BLUP index can be successfully used in J. curcas breeding.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20200046 507 downloads

10.

SIMULATING THE EFFECT OF PERMANENT PRESERVATION AREAS ON SOIL EROSION RATES
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Lense, Guilherme Henrique Expedito

; Moreira, Rodrigo Santos

; Parreiras, Taya Cristo

; Silva, Luis Felipe Pigatto Miranda

; Teodoro, Alexandre Elias de Miranda

; Mincato, Ronaldo Luiz

CERNE

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Jun 2020, Volume 26 Nº 2 Páginas 193 - 201

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Water erosion is one of the main problems faced by the Furnas Lake Surrounding Watershed, located in southeast Brazil. The erosive process is intensified by inadequate land occupation of the lake margins where should be riparian forests, or permanent preservation areas (APP), in order to protect water resources. In this context, our work aimed to estimate the soil losses of this watershed using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) in two different scenarios: I - considering the actual occupation of the area, and II - building an alternative scenario where permanent preservation areas were present. Therefore, we considered physical, edaphoclimatic, and land use and management factors. To simulate the presence of preservation areas, we based it on the Brazilian Forest Code (Bill no. 12.651/2012). In the real scenario (I), the total soil loss estimated was 31,580,907.47 Mg.year-1 (32% over the Soil Loss Tolerance) with an average loss of 19.00 Mg.ha-1.year-1, while in the conservationist scenario (II), there was 10% decrease, which means the mitigation of the erosion process as well as of the negative environmental impacts that can be generated by soil degradation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/01047760202026022692 432 downloads

11.

Resultados do tratamento das oclusões arteriais agudas de membros em hospital universitário – estudo retrospectivo
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Teodoro, Caroline

; Bertanha, Matheus

; Girard, Flavia Potsch Camara Mattos

; Sobreira, Marcone Lima

; Yoshida, Ricardo de Alvarenga

; Moura, Regina

; Jaldin, Rodrigo Gibin

; Yoshida, Winston Bonetti

Jornal Vascular Brasileiro

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2020, Volume 19 elocation e20200031

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Contexto As oclusões arteriais agudas (OAA) de membros vêm crescendo paralelemente com a longevidade da população. Objetivos O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar fatores de risco, salvamento de membros e sobrevida dos pacientes com OAA tratados em instituição universitária. Métodos Este é um estudo coorte retrospectivo de pacientes consecutivos. Os desfechos incluíram: sucesso técnico, sintomas, comorbidades, categoria Rutherford, artérias acometidas, complicações pós-operatórias, taxa de salvamento de membros em 30 dias e óbitos. Resultados Avaliou-se 105 prontuários, havendo predomínio do sexo masculino (65,7%) e idade entre 46 a 91 anos. As etiologias identificadas foram trombóticas (54,3%), embólicas (35,2%) e indefinidas (10,5%). Cerca de dois terços apresentavam-se nas Categorias II e III de Rutherford. Os sintomas associados encontrados foram dor (97,1%), esfriamento (89,5%), palidez (64,7%), parestesias (44,7%), paralisias (30,5%), anestesias (21,9%), edema (21,9%) e cianose (15,2%); e as comorbidades associadas observadas foram hipertensão (65,0%), tabagismo (59,0%), arritmias (26,6%), dislipidemias (24,0%) e diabetes (23,8%). O segmento femoral superficial-poplíteo-distal foi o mais acometido (80%). A tromboembolectomia com cateter Fogarty foi realizada em 73,3% dos casos (81,0% nas embolias, 71,9% nas tromboses e 54,5% nos indefinidos), sendo isoladamente em 41 pacientes (39,05%), nos quais ocorreram 11 reoclusões, 20 amputações e 14 óbitos. A reoclusão arterial foi mais frequente nas tromboses (12,9%; p = 0,054). Até 30 dias após tratamento, o óbito total foi de 14,6% e a amputação maior foi de 19,8%, sendo menos frequente na Classe I Rutherford (p = 0,0179). Conclusão O tratamento da OAA feito prioritariamente por meio de tromboembolectomia com cateter Fogarty, isolado e/ou associado, proporcionou taxas de amputação e complicações compatíveis com as apresentadas na literatura e progressivamente menores nas categorias Rutherford menos avançadas.

Abstract Background Acute arterial occlusions (AAO) in limbs have been increasing in parallel with population longevity. Objective To assess risk factors, limb salvage rates, and survival of patients with AAO treated at a University Hospital. Methods Retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients. Outcomes included: patency, symptoms, comorbidities, Rutherford category, arteries occluded, postoperative complications, and 30-day limb salvage and mortality rates. Results Medical records were evaluated from 105 patients, predominantly males (65.7%), with ages ranging from 46 to 91 years. Etiology: thrombotic (54.3%), embolic (35.2%), and undefined (10.5%). About 2/3 of the patients were assessed as Rutherford category II or III. Associated symptoms: pain (97.1%), coldness (89.5%), pallor (64.7%), sensory loss (44.7%), paralysis (30.5%), anesthesia (21.9%), edema (21.9%), and cyanosis (15.2%). Associated comorbidities: hypertension (65.0%), smoking (59.0%), arrhythmias (26.6%), dyslipidemia (24.0%), and diabetes (23.8%). The distal superficial femoral-popliteal segment was the most affected (80%). Thromboembolectomy with a Fogarty catheter was performed in 73.3% of cases (81.0% of embolic cases, 71.9% of thrombotic cases, and 54.5% of cases with undefined etiology) and was the only treatment used in 41 cases (39.05%), among which there were 11 reocclusion, 20 amputations, and 14 deaths. Arterial reocclusion was more frequent in thrombosis cases (12.9%, p = 0.054). Within 30 days of treatment, total mortality was 14.6%, and 19.8% of cases underwent major amputation, which was less frequent among Rutherford Class I patients (p = 0.0179). Conclusion Treatment of AAO was primarily performed by thromboembolectomy with a Fogarty catheter, either alone or in combination with other treatments, achieving amputation and complication rates compatible with the best results in the literature and were progressively lower in less advanced Rutherford categories.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.200031 760 downloads

12.

Estimation of sediments produced in a subbasin using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
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Lense, Guilherme Henrique Expedito

; Moreira, Rodrigo Santos

; Bócoli, Fernanda Almeida

; Avanzi, Junior Cesar

; Teodoro, Alexandre Elias de Miranda

; Mincato, Ronaldo Luiz

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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2020, Volume 44 elocation e031419

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Dentre os parâmetros considerados pela Equação Universal de Perda de Solo Revisada (RUSLE) a cobertura e manejo do solo (C) é o principal fator de influência humana na estimativa da erosão hídrica, e um dos mais sensíveis a variações espaço - temporais. Consequentemente, este estudo tem como objetivo comparar a eficiência das estimativas do fator C obtidas na literatura para cada classe de uso da terra (Clit) e por cálculo com base no Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (CNDVI). Testamos a hipótese de que as estimativas de perda de solo com base na abordagem CNDVI são mais precisas do que aquelas baseadas no Clit. A erosão hídrica foi estimada com base nas propriedades morfológicas, físicas e químicas do solo, além de clima, relevo, práticas de manejo e uso e cobertura da terra. As etapas da modelagem foram realizadas com a ajuda do Sistema de Informações Geográficas. Os resultados foram validados utilizando os dados do sedimento total transportado com descarga de água e escoamento diário. RUSLE subestimou as perdas do solo em 0,64 Mg ha-1 ano-1 usando Clit e 0,45 Mg ha-1 ano-1 com CNDVI, o que corresponde aos respectivos erros de 21,05% e 14,80%. Portanto, os resultados do fator CNDVI são mais precisos. Ambas as metodologias identificaram áreas com altas taxas de erosão, onde a adoção de medidas mitigadoras deve ser priorizada.

ABSTRACT Among the parameters considered by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), the soil cover and management factor (C) is the main human influenced factor affecting the estimation of water erosion, and one of the most sensitive to spatiotemporal variations. Consequently, this study aims to compare the efficiency of C factor estimates obtained from the literature for each land-use class (Clit) and by calculation based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (CNDVI). We test the hypothesis that soil loss estimates based on CNDVI approach are more accurate than those based on Clit. Water erosion was estimated based on soil morphological, physical, and chemical properties in addition to climate, relief, management practices, and land use and cover. The modeling steps were realized with the help of the Geographic Information System. The results were validated using the data of total sediment transported with water discharge and daily runoff. RUSLE underestimated soil losses by 0.64 Mg ha-1 year-1 using Clit and 0.45 Mg ha-1 year-1 with CNDVI, which corresponds to errors of 21.05% and 14.80%, respectively. Therefore, the CNDVI factor results are more accurate. Both methodologies identified areas with high erosion rates where the adoption of mitigation measures should be prioritized.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202044031419 1082 downloads

13.

Single- and multiple-trait BLUP in genetic selection of parents and hybrids of grain sorghum
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Oliveira de Souza, Nadson

; Silva Alves, Rodrigo

; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo

; Aparecida Silva, Lidiane

; Dessaune Tardin, Flávio

; Baldoni Tardin, Aisy

; Vilela de Resende, Marcos Deon

; Lopes Bhering, Leonardo

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

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Dez 2019, Volume 51 Nº 2 Páginas 1 - 12

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

To increase yield, breeding programs must search for innovative and efficient methodologies for the development and selection of superior genotypes. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the single- and multiple-trait best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) in genetic selection of parents and hybrids of grain sorghum. For this, an experiment conducted in alpha-lattice design with two replications was used. Flowering time (FT), plant height (PH), and grain yield (GY) were evaluated in 502 grain sorghum hybrids obtained by the cross of ten restorer lines and 54 male-sterile lines. Variance components were estimated via restricted maximum likelihood (REML). Significant effects of restorer lines, of male-sterile lines, and of specific combining ability were detected by the likelihood ratio test (LRT). The estimates of variance components, genetic parameters, and correlations were similar when obtained via single- and multiple trait BLUP. Considering hybrids, the multiple-trait BLUP resulted in slightly higher predicted selection gain for the three evaluated traits and, therefore, can be efficiently applied in the genetic selection of grain sorghum.

Para incrementar el rendimiento, los programas de mejoramiento deben buscar metodologías innovadoras y eficientes para el desarrollo y la selección de genotipos superiores. De esta forma, este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la mejor predicción lineal no viciada (BLUP) mono y múltiple característica, en la selección genética de parentales e híbridos de sorgo granelero. Para esto, fue usado un experimento con diseño alfa latice con dos repeticiones. Se evaluó el tiempo de floración (FT), la altura de planta (AP) y el rendimiento de granos (GY) en 502 híbridos de sorgo, obtenidos por el cruzamiento entre diez líneas restauradoras y 54 líneas macho estériles. Los componentes de varianza se estimaron mediante el método de máxima verosimilitud restringida (REML). Observamos que varias veces el BLUP múltiple característica da como resultado estimaciones de correlación genética más precisas. En este trabajo, se encontraron mayores correlaciones entre FT y GY a través de BLUP múltiple característica. Estos resultados llevaron a mayores ganancias genéticas para la selección de híbridos en comparación con BLUP mono característica.

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14.

USE OF VIRGINIAMYCIN AND SALINOMYCIN IN THE DIET OF BEEF CATTLE REARED UNDER GRAZING DURING THE RAINY SEASON: PERFORMANCE AND RUMINAL METABOLISM
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Ferreira, Sérgio Fernandes

; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende

; Padua, João Teodoro

; Bilego, Ubirajara Oliveira

; Freitas Neto, Marcondes Dias de

; Furtado, Rodrigo Gomes

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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2019, Volume 20 elocation e-26867

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O rúmen é o órgão mais estudado no que se refere à interação simbiótica entre hospedeiro e a microbiota do trato digestivo dos ruminantes. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de virginiamicina e de salinomicina ao suplemento para bovinos de corte com dieta de gramínea tropical no período das águas. Foram constituídos três tratamentos: controle - suplemento mineral COMIGO - Cria 61 - F2 (SM); virginiamicina - SM + virginiamicina (Phigrow(r)) 100 mg/animal/dia; salinomicina - SM + salinomicina (Posistac(r)) 108 mg/animal/dia, para o experimento 1 (desempenho) e experimento 2 (metabolismo ruminal). O controle apresentou maior CSM (P<0,05), o virginiamicina maior GMD (P>0,05) e melhor eficiência financeira. As medidas biométricas não apresentaram diferenças (P>0,05), sugerindo que haja uma mudança na composição do GMD. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) para DISMS, DISFDA, pH ruminal e N- amoniacal. A virginiamicina apresentou as maiores degradabilidade efetiva da FDN (P>0,05) nas taxas de passagem de 2 e 5%, e semelhante ao controle e maior que salinomicina na taxa de 8%/hora. A virginiamicina ou a salinomicina, podem ser veiculados ao SM, contudo não promovem efeitos significativos no pH ruminal, no N-amoniacal, na DISMS e da DISFDA, mas a virginiamicina promoveu maior degradabilidade efetiva da FDN.

Abstract The rumen is the most studied organ with regard to the symbiotic interaction between host and microbiota in the digestive tract of ruminants. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the effects of including virginiamycin and salinomycin to the supplement for cattle fed tropical grass diet during the rainy season. Three treatments were set: control - mineral supplement COMIGO - Cria 61-F2 (MS); virginiamycin - MS + virginiamycin (Phigrow (r)) 100 mg/animal/day; salinomycin - MS + salinomycin (Posistac(r)) 108 mg/animal/day for the experiment 1 (performance) and experiment 2 (ruminal metabolism). The control showed higher Mineral supplement intake (MSI) (P <0.05), the virginiamycin had higher average daily gain (ADG) (P> 0.05) and better financial efficiency. Biometric measurements showed no differences (P> 0.05), suggesting a change in the ADG composition. There was no difference (P> 0.05) for dry matter digestibility (DMDIS), acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFDIS), ruminal pH and ammoniacal-N. The virginiamycin had the highest effective neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradability (P> 0.05) in the passage rates of 2 and 5%; the degradability rates were similar to control treatement and higher than that of salinomycin at the rate of 8%/hour. The virginiamycin or salinomycin can be conveyed to the MS, but do not promote significant effects on ruminal pH, ammoniacal-N, DMDIS and ADFDIS; but virginiamycin promoted greater effective degradability of NDF.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v20e-26867 1203 downloads

15.

Parents choice and genetic divergence between cambuci fruit tree accessions
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Bianchi, Flávio Gabriel

; Balbi, Rodrigo Vieira

; Pio, Rafael

; Bruzi, Adriano Teodoro

; Silva, Daniel Fernandes da

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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Set 2017, Volume 17 Nº 3 Páginas 214 - 220

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fifty-eight cambuci fruit accessions were collected and propagated by seeds. Forty fruits of each accession were collected and evaluated for longitudinal and transverse diameter, fruit weight, number of seeds, seeds weight, total soluble solids, % citric acid, ratio, pH, firmness, vitamin C, and color. The phenotypic correlation between the characters and the relative contribution of the characters for the divergence among accessions were estimated and quantified by the Euclidean genetic distance, and cluster analysis was carried out according to the Neighbour Joining Tree. The significant correlations between the variables allowed the use of indirect selection as an auxiliary tool in the process of domestication and breeding of this species. Weight of 1000 seeds presented the greatest variation and contributed the most with genetic diversity. The expansion of the variability and the association of characters of interest can be promoted by the hybridization of the most divergent accessions, 14 and 43.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332017v17n3a33 669 downloads

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