Segregação dos resíduos sólidos na indústria processadora de pescado: uma ação sustentável

Silva, Yeda dos Santos; Naval, Liliana Pena

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Sumário

ARTICLES • Rev. Ambient. Água 13 (2) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2155 copiar

Segregação dos resíduos sólidos na indústria processadora de pescado: uma ação sustentável

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

A segregação é uma alternativa para redução do desperdício de matéria-prima durante o processamento do pescado, uma vez que removem das correntes de efluentes, os resíduos sólidos. Considerando-se a premissa, objetivou-se neste estudo, determinar a taxa de remoção teórica de compostos sólidos presentes em efluentes do processamento, empregando técnicas de segregação, como ação voltada para o desenvolvimento sustentável da indústria do pescado. Foram avaliadas taxas de remoção alcançadas, por diferentes tratamentos, para os parâmetros: sólidos totais, matéria orgânica e óleos e graxas, e verificada a eficiência da segregação das correntes de efluente, nas diferentes etapas do processamento do pescado, por meio de análise estatística descritiva. A segregação recuperou de 31% a 70% de sólidos totais; de 15% a 97,50% de matéria orgânica, e de 10% a 63% de óleos e graxas, que poderão ser empregados como matéria prima para novos produtos, permitindo minimizar a concentração do efluente final.

Palavras-chave:
correntes de efluente; indústria do pescado; processos de separação

Technician employed	Theoretical adopted	References
Total Solids (%)
Screen	31 - 60	Bezama et al. (2012)BEZAMA, A. et al. Evaluation of the environmental impacts of a Cleaner Production Agreement by frozen fish facilities in the Biobío Region, Chile. Journal of Cleaner Production,v. 26, p. 95-100, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.12.029 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.1... ; Almandoz et al. (2015)ALMANDOZ, M. C.; PAGLIERO, C. L.; OCHOA, N. A.; MARCHESE, J. Composite ceramic membranes from natural aluminosilicates for microfiltration applications. Ceramics International, v. 41, p. 5621-5633, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.12.144 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014....
Screen combined with filter and catch basin	40 - 70	FAO (2014)FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS - FAO. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture: opportunities and challenges. Rome, 2014. 223 p.
Screening combined with microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis	100	Gebreyohannes et al. (2016)GEBREYOHANNES, A. Y.; MAZZEI, R.; GIOR, L. Trends and current practices of olive mill wastewater treatment: application of integrated membrane process and its future perspective. Separation and Purification Technology, v. 162, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02...
Dissolved air flotation	80 - 90	Colic et al. (2007)COLIC, M. et al. Case study: fish processing plant wastewater treatment. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, v. 2007, n. 7, p. 1-27, 2007. https://doi.org/10.2175/193864707787781557 https://doi.org/10.2175/1938647077877815...
Organic matter (COD and BOD)
Screens	25 - 60	Mittal (2006)MITTAL, G. S. Treatment of waste water from abattoirs before land application- a review. Bioresource Technology, v. 97, n. 9, p. 1119-1135, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.11.021 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004....
Rotary filter	15	Cowi (2008)COWI CONSULTING ENGINEERS AND PLANNERS AS. Cleaner production assessment in meat processing. Paris: 2008.
Rotary Sieve	25	Cowi (2008)COWI CONSULTING ENGINEERS AND PLANNERS AS. Cleaner production assessment in meat processing. Paris: 2008.
Nanofiltration conjugated pre-filtration	56	Gebreyohannes et al. (2016)GEBREYOHANNES, A. Y.; MAZZEI, R.; GIOR, L. Trends and current practices of olive mill wastewater treatment: application of integrated membrane process and its future perspective. Separation and Purification Technology, v. 162, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02...
Ultrafiltration	36	Gebreyohannes et al. (2016)GEBREYOHANNES, A. Y.; MAZZEI, R.; GIOR, L. Trends and current practices of olive mill wastewater treatment: application of integrated membrane process and its future perspective. Separation and Purification Technology, v. 162, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02...
Nanofiltration	60 - 80	Gebreyohannes et al. (2016)GEBREYOHANNES, A. Y.; MAZZEI, R.; GIOR, L. Trends and current practices of olive mill wastewater treatment: application of integrated membrane process and its future perspective. Separation and Purification Technology, v. 162, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02...
Dissolved air flotation	30 - 90	Mittall, 2006MITTAL, G. S. Treatment of waste water from abattoirs before land application- a review. Bioresource Technology, v. 97, n. 9, p. 1119-1135, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.11.021 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.... ; Bustillo-Lecompte e Mehrvar (2015)BUSTILLO-LECOMPTE, C. F.; MEHRVAR, M. Slaughterhouse wastewater characteristics, treatment, and management in the meat processing industry: A review on trends and advances. Journal of Environmental Management, v. 161, n. 15, p. 287-302, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.07.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.0...
Coagulation-flotation	90	Lefebvre e Moletta (2006)LEFEBVRE, O.; MOLETTA, R. Treatment of organic pollution in industrial saline wastewater: a literature review. Water Research, v. 40, n. 20, p. 3671-3682, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2006.08.027 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2006.08...
Reverse osmosis	97.5	Gebreyohannes et al. (2016)GEBREYOHANNES, A. Y.; MAZZEI, R.; GIOR, L. Trends and current practices of olive mill wastewater treatment: application of integrated membrane process and its future perspective. Separation and Purification Technology, v. 162, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02...
Oils and greases
Membrane filtration associated with electrocoagulation	65	Yang et al. (2015)YANG, T. et al. Improving performance of dynamic membrane assisted by electrocoagulation for treatment of oily wastewater: Effect of electrolytic conditions. Desalination, v. 363, p. 134-143, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.01....
Ceramic membrane and electrocoagulation	50	Yang et al. (2015)YANG, T. et al. Improving performance of dynamic membrane assisted by electrocoagulation for treatment of oily wastewater: Effect of electrolytic conditions. Desalination, v. 363, p. 134-143, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.01....
Ceramic membrane	2	Yang et al. (2015)YANG, T. et al. Improving performance of dynamic membrane assisted by electrocoagulation for treatment of oily wastewater: Effect of electrolytic conditions. Desalination, v. 363, p. 134-143, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.01....
Dynamic membrane	10	Yang et al. (2015)YANG, T. et al. Improving performance of dynamic membrane assisted by electrocoagulation for treatment of oily wastewater: Effect of electrolytic conditions. Desalination, v. 363, p. 134-143, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.01....
Floating	37 - 63	Colic et al. (2007)COLIC, M. et al. Case study: fish processing plant wastewater treatment. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, v. 2007, n. 7, p. 1-27, 2007. https://doi.org/10.2175/193864707787781557 https://doi.org/10.2175/1938647077877815...
Screen	10 - 20	Colic et al. (2007)COLIC, M. et al. Case study: fish processing plant wastewater treatment. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, v. 2007, n. 7, p. 1-27, 2007. https://doi.org/10.2175/193864707787781557 https://doi.org/10.2175/1938647077877815...

Total Solids
Techniques	Theoretical removal	[C]inicial (mg/L)		I (mg/L)	II (mg/L)	III (mg/L)	IV (mg/L)
Screening	31%	1740		1201	1873	306	1445
Screen	40% a 60%	1740		870	1357	222	1047
Screen combined with filter and catch basin	40% a 70%	1740		783	1221	200	942
Dissolved air flotation (FAD)	80% a 90%	1740		348	407	67	314
Organic matter
Techniques	Theoretical removal	[C]inicial		I (mg/L)	II (mg/L)	III (mg/L)	IV (mg/L)
		DQO (mg/L)	DBO (mg/L)
Screens	25% a 60%		699	8314	1041,3	96,37	915,4
Rotary filter	15%		699.1	594.2	771.8	68.2	820..6
Rotary Sieve	25%		699.1	524.3	681	60.22	594
Nanofiltration conjugated prefiltration	56%	1446		636.2	796.8	73.74	628.7
Ultrafiltration	30% a 36%	1446		925.44	1159	107.2	859.7
Nanofiltration	60%a 80%	1446		433.8	543.3	50.3	658.0
Dissolved air flotation	30% a 90%		699.1	279.6	363.2	32.12	387.3
Coagulation-flotation	90%		699.1	69.9	90.8	8.03	222.7
Osmose Reversa	97,50%	1446		36	35	4	40
Oils and greases
Techniques	Theoretical removal	[C]inicial		I (mg/L)	II (mg/L)	III (mg/L)	IV (mg/L)
Membrane filtration associated with electrocoagulation	65%	0.17		0.06	0.29	0.001	0.25
Ceramic membrane and electrocoagulation	50%	0.17		0.09	0.42	0.02	0.35
Ceramic membrane	2%	0.17		0.17	0.82	0.03	0.69
Dynamic membrane	10%	0.17		0.15	0.75	0.03	0.63
Floating	37% e 63%	0.17		0.09	0.42	0.02	0.35
Screen	10% a 20%	0.17		0.15	0.71	0.03	0.60

Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas (IPABHi), Estrada Mun. Dr. José Luis Cembranelli, 5000, Taubaté, SP, Brasil, CEP 12081-010 - Taubaté - SP - Brazil
E-mail: ambi.agua@gmail.com

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[1] ^* Corresponding author: Liliana Pena Naval, e-mail: liliana@uft.edu.br