Craniocerebral trauma in motorcyclists: relation of
					helmet use and trauma severity

Dutra, Viviane da Cunha; Caregnato, Rita Catalina Aquino; Figueiredo, Maria Renita Burg; Schneider, Daniela da Silva

doi:10.1590/1982-0194201400079

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Original Articles • Acta Paul Enferm. 27 (5) • Sep-Oct 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201400079 copy

Craniocerebral trauma in motorcyclists: relation of helmet use and trauma severity

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective

Relating the helmet use with the severity of craniocerebral trauma in injured motorcyclists treated at a trauma hospital.

Methods

A cross-sectional, retrospective study. The study population consisted of 188 records of service to injured motorcyclists in a four-month period. The Glasgow Coma Scale was used to characterize the severity of trauma.

Results

The profile is 84.6% of males and 55.3% aged between 18 and 29 years. Regarding the use of helmet at the time of the accident, 51.6% used, 6.4% did not use, 17.6% used it inappropriately, and there were no records in 24.5%. Among the 51.6% of motorcyclists who used the protective gear, 86.6% had mild craniocerebral trauma, 12.4% had moderate, and 1% severe. The most serious injuries occurred in motorcyclists in which there were no records on helmet use.

Conclusion

The motorcyclists who used the helmet, had mild craniocerebral trauma in 44.7% of cases, moderate trauma in 6.4%, and severe trauma in 0.5%. Victims without records of the situation of helmet use had severe trauma (p≤0.000).

Accidents, traffic; Emergency medical services; Brain injuries; Motorcycle

Variables	Category	Helmet use		Helmet use		p-value
		Yes	No	Inappropriate	Not informed
		n(%)	n(%)	n(%)	n(%)
Age	7 – 17	9(4.8)	2(1.0)	1(0.5)	3(1.6)	0.332^NS
	18 – 28	50(26.6)	6(3.2)	22(11.7)	26(13.9)
	29 – 39	28(14.9)	3(1.6)	3(1.6)	9(4.8)
	40 – 50	7(3.7)	1(0.5)	6(3.2)	7(3.8)
	51 – 60	3(1.6)	--	1(0.5)	1(0.5)
Gender	Male	82(43.6)	9(4.8)	30(16.0)	38(20.2)	0.554^NS
	Female	15(8)	3(1.6)	3(1.6)	8(4.2)
Position	Driver	82(43.6)	11(5.9)	30(16)	33(17.5)	0.118^NS
	Backseat	15(8)	1(0.5)	3(1.6)	13(6.9)
Trauma	Skull	97(35.0)	12(4.3)	33(11.9)	46(16.6)	N/A
	Eye	3(1.1)	2(0.7)	2(0.7)	3(1.1)
	Nose	9(3.2)	1(0.4)	3(1.1)	3(1.1)
	Jaw	10(3.6)	3(1.1)	6(2.2)	4(1.4)
	Face	4(1.4)	2(0.7)	3(1.1)	8(2.8)
	Dental	3(1.1)	3(1.1)	1(0.4)	2(0.8)
	Neck	5(1.8)	--	3(1.1)	6(2.2)
GLASGOW	Mild	84(44.7)	6(3.3)	14(7.4)	37(19.7)	0.000*
	Moderate	12(6.4)	5(2.7)	18(9.5)	5(2.7)
	Severe	1(0.5)	1(0.5)	1(0.5)	4(2.1)

Variables	Category	Glasgow			p-value
		Mild	Moderate	Severe
		n(%)	n(%)	n(%)
Age	7 – 17	13(6.9)	2(1.1)	--	0,550^NS
	18 – 28	76(40.1)	23(12.2)	5(2.7)
	29 – 39	35(18.6)	7(3.7)	5(2.7)
	40 – 50	15(8.0)	5(2.7)	1(0.5)
	51 – 60	2(1.1)	3(1.6)	1(0.5)
Gender	Male	119(63.3)	33(17.5)	--	0,723^NS
	Female	22(11.7)	7(3.7)	7(3.7)
Position	Driver	114(60.6)	35(18.6)	--	0,399^NS
	Backseat	27(14.4)	5(2.7)
Trauma	Skull	141(50.9)	40(14.4)	7(2.5)	N/A
	Eye	7(2.5)	2(0.8)	1(0.4)
	Nose	15(5.4)	--	--
	Jaw	13(4.7)	9(3.2)	--
	Face	16(5.8)	1(0.4)	--
	Dental	3(1.1)	3(1.1)	--
	Neck	15(5.4)	2(0.8)	--

Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo R. Napoleão de Barros, 754, 04024-002 São Paulo - SP/Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 5576 4430 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: actapaulista@unifesp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Daniela da Silva Schneider. Farroupilha Avenue, 8001, Canoas, RS, Brazil. Zip Code: 92425-900. daniela@schneider.inf.br