Proliferation of human periodontal ligament mesenchymal cells on polished and plasma nitriding titanium surfaces

Ribeiro, Rodrigo Alves; Vasconcelos, Rodrigo Gadelha; Ginani, Fernanda; Silva, José Sandro Pereira da; Alves-Júnior, Clodomiro; Barboza, Carlos Augusto Galvão

Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the proliferative capacity of mesenchymal cells derived from human periodontal ligament on polished and plasma-treated titanium surfaces. METHODS: Eighteen titanium disks were polished and half of them (n=9) were submitted to plasma nitriding using the cathodic cage technique. Mesenchymal cells were isolated from periodontal ligament of impacted third molars (n=2) and cultured on titanium disks (polished and nitrided) and on a plastic surface as a positive control of cell proliferation. Cell proliferation was analyzed and growth curves were constructed for the different groups by determining the number of cells adhered to the different surfaces at 24, 48 and 72 h after plating. RESULTS: Higher cell number was observed for the nitrided surface at 24 and 48 h. However, no statistically significant difference in cell proliferation was observed between the two different surface treatments (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that plasma nitriding produced surfaces that permitted the proliferation of human periodontal ligament mesenchymal cells. Associated to other physical and chemical properties, it is possible to assume the feasibility of plasma nitriding method and its positive effect on the early cellular events of osseointegration.

biocompatible materials; titanium; cell proliferation; periodontal ligament

¹
Cooper LF, Masuda T, Yliheikkilä PK, Felton DA. Generalizations regarding the process and phenomenon of osseointegration. Part II. In vitro studies. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1998; 13: 163-74.
²
Sinha RK, Morris F, Suken BS, Shah SA, Tuan RS. Surface composition of orthopedic implant metals regulates cell attachment, spreading, and cytoskeletal organization of primary human osteoblasts in vitro. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1994; 305: 258-72.
³
Silva MAM, Martinelli AE, Alves-Júnior C, Nascimento RM, Távora MP, Vilar CD. Surface modification of Ti implants by plasma oxidation in hollow cathode discharge. Surf Coat Technol. 2005; 200: 2612-26.
⁴
Sykaras N, Iacopino A, Marker VA, Triplett RG, Woody R. Implant materials, designs, and surface topographies: Their effect on osseointegration. A literature review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2000; 15: 675-90.
⁵
Rupp F, Scheideler L, Olshanska N, De Wild M, Wieland M, Geis-Gesttorfer J. Enhancing surface free energy and hydrophilicity through modification of microstructured titanium implant surface. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2006; 76: 323-34.
⁶
Alves-Júnior C, Guerra-Neto CLB, Morais GHS, da Silva CF, Hajek V. Nitriding of titanium disks and industrial dental implants using hollow cathode discharge. Surf Coat Technol. 2005; 194: 196-202.
⁷
Yilbas BS, Sahin AZ, Al-Garni AZ, Said SAM, Ahmed Z, Abdulaleem BJ, et al. Plasma nitriding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy to improve some tribological properties. Surf Coat Technol. 1996; 80: 287-92.
⁸
Alves-Júnior C, Araújo FO, Ribeiro KJB, Costa JAP, Sousa RRM, Sousa RS. Use of cathodic cage in plasma nitriding. Surf Coat Technol. 2006; 201: 2450-4.
⁹
Vasconcelos RG, Ribeiro RA, Vasconcelos MG, Lima KC, Barboza CA. In vitro comparative analysis of cryopreservation of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells derived from human periodontal ligament. Cell Tissue Bank. 2012; 13: 461-9.
¹⁰
Faghihi S, Azari F, Li H, Bateni MR, Szpunar A, Vali H, et al. The significance of crystallographic texture of titanium alloy substrates on pre-osteoblast responses. Biomaterials. 2006; 27: 3532-9.
¹¹
Seo BM, Miura M, Gronthos S, Bartold PM, Batouli S, Brahim J, et al. Investigation of multipotent stem cells from human periodontal ligament. Lancet. 2004; 364: 149-55.
¹²
Nagatomo K, Komaki M, Sekiya I, Sakaguchi Y, Noguchi K, Oda S, et al. Stem cell properties of human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res. 2006; 41: 303-10.
¹³
Huang HH, Ho CT, Le TH, Lee TL, Liao KK, Chen FL. Effect of surface roughness of ground titanium on initial cell adhesion. Biomol Eng. 2004; 21: 93-7.
¹⁴
Nebe B, Lüthen F, Lange R, Becker P, Beck P, Beck U, et al. Topography-induced alterations in adhesion structures affect mineralization in human osteoblasts on titanium. Mat Sci Eng C. 2004; 24: 619-24.
¹⁵
Rosa AL, Beloti MM. Rat bone marrow cell response to titanium and titanium alloy with different surface roughness. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003; 14: 43-8.
¹⁶
Anselme K, Bigerelle M. Statistical demonstration of the relative effect of surface chemistry and roughness on human osteoblast short-term adhesion. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2006; 17: 471-9.
¹⁷
Figueroa CA, Alvarez F. On the hydrogen etching mechanism in plasma nitriding of metals. App Surf Sci. 2006; 253: 1806-9.
¹⁸
Da Silva JS, Amico SC, Rodrigues AO, Barboza CA, Alves-Júnior C, Croci AT. Osteoblastlike cell adhesion on titanium surfaces modified by plasma nitriding. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2011; 26: 237-44.
¹⁹
Linez-Bataillon P, Monchau F, Bigerelle M, Hildebrand HF. In vitro MC3T3 osteoblast adhesion with respect to surface roughness of Ti6A14V substrates. Biomol Eng. 2002; 19: 133-41.
²⁰
Bächle M, Kohal RJ. A systematic review of the influence of different titanium surfaces on proliferation, differentiation and protein synthesis of osteoblast-like MG63 cells. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2004; 15: 683-92.
²¹
Kramer PR, Janikkeith A, Cai Z, Ma S, Watanabe I. Integrin mediated attachment of periodontal ligament to titanium surfaces. Dent Mater. 2009; 25: 877-83.
²²
Alves LB, Ginani F, Da Silva JSP, Alves-Júnior C, Barboza CAG. Bone marrow mesenchymal cell adhesion to polished and nitrided titanium surfaces. Braz J Oral Sci. 2011; 10: 258-61.
²³
Sá JC, Brito RA, De Moura CE, Silva NB, Alves MBM, Alves-Júnior C. Influence of argon-ion bombardment of titanium surfaces on the cell behavior. Surf Coat Technol. 2009; 203: 1765-70.
²⁴
Wirth C, Grosgogeat B, Lagneau C, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Ponsonnet L. Biomaterial surface properties modulate in vitro rat calvaria osteoblast response: Roughness and or chemistry? Mater Sci Eng C. 2008; 28: 990-1001.
²⁵
Guerra-Neto CLB, Silva MAM, Alves-Júnior C. Osseointegration evaluation of plasma nitrided titanium implants. Surf Eng. 2009; 25: 434-9.
²⁶
Bueno RBL, Adachi P, Castro-Raucci LMS, Rosa AL, Nanci A, Oliveira PT. Oxidative nanopatterning of titanium surfaces promotes production and extracellular accumulation of osteopontin. Braz Dent J. 2011; 22: 179-84.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
19 July 2013
Date of issue
June 2013

History

Received
28 Feb 2013
Accepted
25 June 2013

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ¹
Cooper LF, Masuda T, Yliheikkilä PK, Felton DA. Generalizations regarding the process and phenomenon of osseointegration. Part II. In vitro studies. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1998; 13: 163-74.

[2] ²
Sinha RK, Morris F, Suken BS, Shah SA, Tuan RS. Surface composition of orthopedic implant metals regulates cell attachment, spreading, and cytoskeletal organization of primary human osteoblasts in vitro. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1994; 305: 258-72.

[3] ³
Silva MAM, Martinelli AE, Alves-Júnior C, Nascimento RM, Távora MP, Vilar CD. Surface modification of Ti implants by plasma oxidation in hollow cathode discharge. Surf Coat Technol. 2005; 200: 2612-26.

[4] ⁴
Sykaras N, Iacopino A, Marker VA, Triplett RG, Woody R. Implant materials, designs, and surface topographies: Their effect on osseointegration. A literature review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2000; 15: 675-90.

[5] ⁵
Rupp F, Scheideler L, Olshanska N, De Wild M, Wieland M, Geis-Gesttorfer J. Enhancing surface free energy and hydrophilicity through modification of microstructured titanium implant surface. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2006; 76: 323-34.

[6] ⁶
Alves-Júnior C, Guerra-Neto CLB, Morais GHS, da Silva CF, Hajek V. Nitriding of titanium disks and industrial dental implants using hollow cathode discharge. Surf Coat Technol. 2005; 194: 196-202.

[7] ⁷
Yilbas BS, Sahin AZ, Al-Garni AZ, Said SAM, Ahmed Z, Abdulaleem BJ, et al. Plasma nitriding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy to improve some tribological properties. Surf Coat Technol. 1996; 80: 287-92.

[8] ⁸
Alves-Júnior C, Araújo FO, Ribeiro KJB, Costa JAP, Sousa RRM, Sousa RS. Use of cathodic cage in plasma nitriding. Surf Coat Technol. 2006; 201: 2450-4.

[9] ⁹
Vasconcelos RG, Ribeiro RA, Vasconcelos MG, Lima KC, Barboza CA. In vitro comparative analysis of cryopreservation of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells derived from human periodontal ligament. Cell Tissue Bank. 2012; 13: 461-9.

[10] ¹⁰
Faghihi S, Azari F, Li H, Bateni MR, Szpunar A, Vali H, et al. The significance of crystallographic texture of titanium alloy substrates on pre-osteoblast responses. Biomaterials. 2006; 27: 3532-9.

[11] ¹¹
Seo BM, Miura M, Gronthos S, Bartold PM, Batouli S, Brahim J, et al. Investigation of multipotent stem cells from human periodontal ligament. Lancet. 2004; 364: 149-55.

[12] ¹²
Nagatomo K, Komaki M, Sekiya I, Sakaguchi Y, Noguchi K, Oda S, et al. Stem cell properties of human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res. 2006; 41: 303-10.

[13] ¹³
Huang HH, Ho CT, Le TH, Lee TL, Liao KK, Chen FL. Effect of surface roughness of ground titanium on initial cell adhesion. Biomol Eng. 2004; 21: 93-7.

[14] ¹⁴
Nebe B, Lüthen F, Lange R, Becker P, Beck P, Beck U, et al. Topography-induced alterations in adhesion structures affect mineralization in human osteoblasts on titanium. Mat Sci Eng C. 2004; 24: 619-24.

[15] ¹⁵
Rosa AL, Beloti MM. Rat bone marrow cell response to titanium and titanium alloy with different surface roughness. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003; 14: 43-8.

[16] ¹⁶
Anselme K, Bigerelle M. Statistical demonstration of the relative effect of surface chemistry and roughness on human osteoblast short-term adhesion. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2006; 17: 471-9.

[17] ¹⁷
Figueroa CA, Alvarez F. On the hydrogen etching mechanism in plasma nitriding of metals. App Surf Sci. 2006; 253: 1806-9.

[18] ¹⁸
Da Silva JS, Amico SC, Rodrigues AO, Barboza CA, Alves-Júnior C, Croci AT. Osteoblastlike cell adhesion on titanium surfaces modified by plasma nitriding. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2011; 26: 237-44.

[19] ¹⁹
Linez-Bataillon P, Monchau F, Bigerelle M, Hildebrand HF. In vitro MC3T3 osteoblast adhesion with respect to surface roughness of Ti6A14V substrates. Biomol Eng. 2002; 19: 133-41.

[20] ²⁰
Bächle M, Kohal RJ. A systematic review of the influence of different titanium surfaces on proliferation, differentiation and protein synthesis of osteoblast-like MG63 cells. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2004; 15: 683-92.

[21] ²¹
Kramer PR, Janikkeith A, Cai Z, Ma S, Watanabe I. Integrin mediated attachment of periodontal ligament to titanium surfaces. Dent Mater. 2009; 25: 877-83.

[22] ²²
Alves LB, Ginani F, Da Silva JSP, Alves-Júnior C, Barboza CAG. Bone marrow mesenchymal cell adhesion to polished and nitrided titanium surfaces. Braz J Oral Sci. 2011; 10: 258-61.

[23] ²³
Sá JC, Brito RA, De Moura CE, Silva NB, Alves MBM, Alves-Júnior C. Influence of argon-ion bombardment of titanium surfaces on the cell behavior. Surf Coat Technol. 2009; 203: 1765-70.

[24] ²⁴
Wirth C, Grosgogeat B, Lagneau C, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Ponsonnet L. Biomaterial surface properties modulate in vitro rat calvaria osteoblast response: Roughness and or chemistry? Mater Sci Eng C. 2008; 28: 990-1001.

[25] ²⁵
Guerra-Neto CLB, Silva MAM, Alves-Júnior C. Osseointegration evaluation of plasma nitrided titanium implants. Surf Eng. 2009; 25: 434-9.

[26] ²⁶
Bueno RBL, Adachi P, Castro-Raucci LMS, Rosa AL, Nanci A, Oliveira PT. Oxidative nanopatterning of titanium surfaces promotes production and extracellular accumulation of osteopontin. Braz Dent J. 2011; 22: 179-84.

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Proliferation of human periodontal ligament mesenchymal cells on polished and plasma nitriding titanium surfaces

Abstract

Publication Dates

History