The fungus Colletotrichum acutatum was consistently isolated from infected pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) plants with anthracnose symptoms in Federal District, Brazil, in 2000. Pathogenicity tests under greenhouse conditions and subsequent reisolations of C. acutatum from artificially inoculated pequi seedlings confirmed the hypothesis that this fungus was the causal agent of the disease. Symptoms of anthracnose appeared four days after inoculation in 20 inoculated pequi plants. All 18 species of plants evaluated were susceptible to this fungus. Anthracnose of pequi caused by C. acutatum is reported for the first time in Brazil.
