Prospection of genetic resistance resources to root-knot nematodes in cucurbit genotypes

Pinheiro, Jadir B; Silva, Giovani Olegario da; Oliveira, Valter R; Amaro, Geovani Bernardo; Morais, Alexandre Augusto de

doi:10.1590/S0102-053620190314

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Scientific Communication • Hortic. Bras. 37 (3) • Jul-Sep 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620190314 copy

Prospection of genetic resistance resources to root-knot nematodes in cucurbit genotypes

Prospecção de fontes de resistência aos nematoides das galhas em genótipos de cucurbitáceas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research was to prospect genetic resistant sources to root-knot-nematode in Cucurbitaceae accessions. Two assays were conducted, the first to evaluate the resistance to root-knot nematode, M. incognita race 1 in accessions of Lagenaria vulgaris; Sicana odorifera; Cucurbita facifolia; Luffa sp.; Citrullus lanatus cv. Citroides; Lagenaria vulgaris; Cucurbita moschata; Cucurbita moschata x Cucurbita maxima; Cucumis melo and Cucumis metuliferus. The second to evaluate the reaction to nematode M. incognita race 1, M. javanica and M. enterolobii of the three accessions of Cucumis metuliferus (‘Kino’) considered resistant to M. incognita race 1 in the first experiment. The assays were carried out in a greenhouse at Embrapa Hortaliças in a completely randomized design with six replications. The seedlings in pots were inoculated with 5000 eggs and juveniles of 2^nd stage (J2) of each Meloidogyne species alone. Fifty-three and eighty-four days after inoculation, respectively in both experiments, the plants were evaluated for egg mass index (IMO), gall index (IG), number of eggs per gram of root (NEGR) and reproduction factor (RF). The melon Cucumis metuliferus known as ‘Kino’ was identified as genetic source of resistance to root-knot nematodes and can be explored in breeding program as resistant rootstock.

Keywords:
Cucurbitaceae; Meloidogyne incognita race 1; M. javanica; M. enterolobii

Genotypes	IMO¹	GI¹	NEGR²	RF³	Reaction⁴
Bottle Gourd	3.50 c	5.00 b	731.65 a	9.78 b	S
Sikana	4.00 d	5.00 b	1471.02 a	8.02 b	S
Malabar Gourd Gila	5.00 e	5.00 b	6553.25 b	25.37 d	S
Loofah variety Nova Ponte	4.83 e	5.00 b	3751.36 a	18.98 c	S
Pig Watermelon	2.66 b	5.00 b	164.61 a	2.45 a	S
CNPH-001-Phyt-90, Phy92-1	5.00 e	5.00 b	17747.70 b	36.82 e	S
CNPH-042-Phyt-90	4.83 e	5.00 b	13781.54 b	38.48 e	S
CNPH-043-Phyt-90	5.00 e	5.00 b	6994.19 b	17.43 c	S
Jabras	5.00 e	5.00 b	2506.24 a	24.10 c	S
CNPH 86-276	5.00 e	5.00 b	3884.2 a	26.07 d	S
CNPH 1962	4.33 d	5.00 b	8979.32 b	15.48 c	S
CNPH 86255	4.33 d	5.00 b	1975.45 a	19.33 c	S
CNPH 87308	4.83 e	5.00 b	1784.88 a	9.58 b	S
CNPH 88442	3.50 c	5.00 b	1140.68 a	6.33 b	S
CNPH 93696	4.16 d	5.00 b	3649.71 a	15.23 c	S
CNPH 93731	3.00 b	5.00 b	4130.42 a	9.62 b	S
CNPH 94253	4.66 e	5.00 b	2110.19 a	16.57 c	S
CNPH 94254	5.00 e	5.00 b	3145.40 a	21.12 c	S
CNPH 98071	5.00 e	5.00 b	6895.01 b	17.75 c	S
CNPH 98307	5.00 e	5.00 b	4583.54 a	21.25 c	S
CNPH 01-963	3.66 c	5.00 b	745.90 a	7.47 b	S
CNPH 11-1061	4.80 e	5.00 b	5746.49 b	27.98 d	S
CNPH 11-1075	4.66 e	5.00 b	3793.32 a	14.40 c	S
CNPH 11-1076	4.50 e	5.00 b	2995.79 a	17.08 c	S
Kino	1.00 a	1.83 a	196.98 a	0.57 a	R
Neve Melon	4.16 d	5.00 b	1764.02 a	5.77 b	S
CNPH 01-930	5.00 e	5.00 b	98938.87 c	34.52 e	S
BRS Araguaia	4.50 e	5.00 b	2779.94 a	18.92 c	S
Rutgers	5.00 e	5.00 b	2171.39 a	11.43 b	S
Mean	4.34	4.89	7417.69	17.17	-
CV (%)	4.64	1.00	60.37	4.04	-

Genotypes	¹ IMO	¹ IG	² NEGR	³ FR	⁴ Reaction
Genotypes	M. incognita race 1
Kino CPACT	5.00 b	2.17 a	142.79 a	0.08 a	R
Kino BAG	3.83 a	2.83 b	67.17 a	0.06 a	R
Kino Mendonça	4.00 a	2.67 b	60.41 a	0.03 a	R
BRS Araguaia	5.00 b	4.50 c	1452.26 b	1.83 b	S
Rutgers	5.00 b	5.00 c	1070.83 b	5.12 c	S
Mean	4.56	3.43	558.69	1.42	-
CV (%)	2.02	5.87	47.57	14.85	-
	M. javanica
Kino CPACT	1.67 a	1.00 a	48.41 a	0.02 a	-	R
Kino BAG	1.83 a	1.00 a	143.47 a	0.05 a	R
Kino Mendonça	1.83 a	1.33 a	36.57 a	0.07 a	R
BRS Araguaia	5.00 b	4.83 b	2142.89 b	4.25 b	S
Rutgers	5.00 b	5.00 b	1884.05 b	6.58 c	S
Mean	3.06	2.63	851.07	2.19	-
CV (%)	8.38	6.57	36.57	9.25	-
	M. enterolobii
Kino CPACT	2.83 a	2.17 b	38.69 a	0.04 a	-	R
Kino BAG	4.33 b	2.33 b	26.74 a	0.03 a	R
Kino Mendonça	2.33 a	1.67 a	11.76 a	0.02 a	R
BRS Araguaia	5.00 b	4.83 c	2857.89 c	1.28 b	S
Rutgers	5.00 b	4.33 c	554.24 b	1.87 c	S
Mean	3.90	3.06	697.86	0.64	-
CV (%)	7.70	7.38	90.76	13.37	-

Associação Brasileira de Horticultura Embrapa Hortaliças, C. Postal 218, 70275-970 Brasília-DF, Tel. (61) 3385 9099, Tel. (81) 3320 6064, www.abhorticultura.com.br - Vitoria da Conquista - BA - Brazil
E-mail: associacaohorticultura@gmail.com

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[TFN1] ¹Egg and gall mass index (IMO and IG, respectively), according to Taylor & Sasser (1978). 0= roots without egg mass and/or gall; 1= roots with 1-2 egg masses and/or galls; 2= roots with 3-10 egg masses and/or galls; 3= roots with 11-30 egg masses and/or galls; 4= roots with 31-100 egg masses and/or galls; and 5= roots with more than 100 egg masses and/or galls; ²NEGR= number of eggs per gram of roots; ³RF (reproduction factor)= final population/initial population; ⁴Resistance reactions according to Oostenbrink (1966). I= immune (RF= 0); R= resistant (RF<1) and S= susceptible (RF>1). Means followed by same letters in the column, do not differ from each other by Scott-Knott test (p<0.05).