Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The gap acceptance study is an indispensable study in the determination of capacity and delay of the individual moment at uncontrolled intersection and critical gap is one of the chief parameter allied with this study. Most of the studies related to critical gap estimation have been carried out in developed countries where traffic is homogeneous and rules of priorities as well as lane disciplines are voluntarily followed. However, in India, priority rules are less honored which consequently create more clashes on intersections and modelling of such behavior becomes complex. Even though very limited studies have been reported in such case. This paper presents the study of gap acceptance behavior of drivers on an uncontrolled intersection. In order to examine the gap acceptance behavior of drivers, 4-legged uncontrolled intersection located in a semi-urban area of Ahmedabad in the state of Gujarat was selected. Video recording technique was adopted for collection and analysis of the data. Different existing methods are used to calculate the critical gap for through and right turning movements from the minor road. Gaps are analyzed for three different vehicle types. A comparison between different existing methods of critical gap determination is carried out and their critical analysis is presented. The result shows, except clearing behavior approach, all other methods are failing to represent the actual scenario of the critical gap under mixed traffic conditions as these all methods had been developed for homogeneous traffic conditions.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Poor service quality is one of the major causes for declining share of buses in urban India. Improvement of bus travel time by implementing bus priority measures at intersections is well regarded as an effective instrument to improve bus service by reducing the travel time. However, only a few research works have been reported in the literature on bus priority strategies in Developing countries such as India. This paper documents an experience of using micro-simulation software VISSIM© to evaluate the impact of providing Queue Jump Lane (QJL) as a bus priority strategy for three representative four-arm isolated signalized intersections in Kolkata, India. The study shows that QJL is expected to be beneficial even in a heterogeneous traffic environment that is prevalent in Indian scenario. The effectiveness of QJL is found to be influenced by various factors such as traffic volume, vehicle composition and road geometry. The study encourages further investigations in terms of validation of results based on field implementation of QJL and identification of the domain of applicability of QJL in signalized intersections of urban India.

Resumo em Português:

Resumo No Brasil existe a perspectiva de crescimento expressivo do volume de dados a ser processado pelas prestadoras de serviços de rastreamento de veículos em decorrência do aumento natural do uso de sistemas de rastreamento. Esse crescimento gera a necessidade da incorporação de ferramentas analíticas nos sistemas de gerenciamento do rastreamento e monitoramento de veículos e na gestão de risco, para aumentar a sua eficiência e atender ao crescimento do mercado. O presente estudo tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um modelo para identificação do Padrão de Comportamento Espacial de Veículos em Movimento – PCEVM, utilizando uma ferramenta de análise espacial para auxiliar o processo de tomada de decisão no monitoramento de veículos e na gestão do sistema de transporte urbano. Embora os resultados obtidos sejam válidos para a particular configuração apresentada neste artigo, a metodologia de análise proposta permite a caracterização de padrões espaciais de movimentação de veículos na área e no período considerados, o que é útil, por exemplo, para planejadores municipais, empresas de logística e empresas seguradoras. Conclui-se que o resultado da comparação entre o posicionamento coletado em tempo real com o modelo de distribuição espacial obtido na caracterização dos padrões de comportamento espaciais é capaz de detectar anormalidades do comportamento de movimentação do veículo e oferecer subsídios para a tomada de decisão em sistemas de monitoramento e gerenciamento de veículos, que visem à segurança patrimonial e pessoal, identificando comportamentos de movimentação não esperados ou de comportamentos de risco.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract In Brazil there is the perspective of significant growth in the volume of data being processed by vehicle tracking services companies as a result of natural increase in the use of tracking systems. This growth generates the need for the incorporation of analytical tools in the management of vehicle tracking systems and risk managing, in order to increase their efficiency and cater to the market growth. This paper aims to develop a model for identifying the Spatial Behavior Patterns of Monitoring Vehicles (SBPMV) using a spatial analysis tool to aid the process of decision making in vehicle monitoring and the urban transportation system management. Although the results obtained are valid for the particular configuration presented in this article, the proposed methodological analysis allows the characterization of spatial patterns of vehicle movements in the study area during the considered period, which is useful, for instance, for city planners, enterprise logistics and insurance companies. The conclusion is that the result of the comparison between the collected real-time positioning data with the spatial distribution model obtained through the characterization of the spatial behavior patterns is able to detect abnormalities in the vehicle movement behavior and provide subsidies to decision-making process for vehicle monitoring and management systems, which aim the patrimonial and personal safety, and the identification of unexpected movement or risky behaviors.

Resumo em Português:

Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma metodologia para seleção das diversas alternativas de transporte público, baseando-se na aplicação da lógica paconsistente em processos decisórios na área de planejamento de transportes. Utilizou-se o Método Paraconsistente de Decisão (MPD) como instrumento de apoio na seleção para o Eixo Sul do Distrito Federal (DF), no qual os especialistas da área de transportes avaliaram os critérios para cada modo, sendo a interpretação das avaliações realizadas na avaliação dos baricentros no quadrado unitário do plano cartesiano (QUPC). Com a aplicação do MPD na seleção de tecnologias de transporte verificou-se que todas as tecnologias de transporte pertencem a região de quase verdade tendendo ao paracompleto, tendo como análise não conclusiva. No entanto, na comparação das tecnologias, verifica-se a que possui maior grau de certeza é o Veículo Leve sobre Trilhos (VLT).

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract This paper aims to propose a methodology for selection of the various public transport alternatives, based on the application of paconsistente logic in decision-making processes in transport planning area. Was used the method of paraconsistent Decision (MPD) as a support tool in the selection for the South Axis of the Federal District (DF), in which experts from the transport area evaluated the criteria for each mode, and the interpretation of reviews at the evaluation of baricentres the Unit Square Cartesian Plane (QUPC). With the application of MPD in the selection of transport technologies it was found that all transmission technologies belong to region tending to paracompleto almost true, and as non-conclusive analysis. However, when comparing the technologies, there is the one with greater certainty is the Light Rail Transit (LRT).

Resumo em Português:

Resumo Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo de previsão do índice de condição dos pavimentos flexíveis para a malha rodoviária, em concreto asfáltico usinado a quente, do Estado da Bahia. Teve como ponto de partida um planejamento fatorial, elaborado com base em informações de um banco de dados de rodovias, fornecido pelo Departamento de Infraestrutura de Transportes da Bahia. Para a verificação da adequação do modelo utilizou-se a reta de ajuste dos dados, o coeficiente de correlação (r), a análise de resíduos e o gráfico de probabilidade normal dos resíduos. O modelo correlaciona o desempenho do índice de condição dos pavimentos flexíveis às variáveis idade, tráfego e pluviometria, fatores que tem influência no processo de deterioração dos pavimentos. O modelo desenvolvido apresentou ajuste aos dados observados e r = 0,64, mostrando indícios da validade da sua aplicação, para as características da malha rodoviária do Estado da Bahia. Não existem modelos de desempenho universais e modelos que foram desenvolvidos a partir de dados observados em estudos realizados em locais específicos não são necessariamente transferíveis, e possuem algumas limitações inerentes.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract This paper presents the development of a predicted performance model for a flexible pavement condition index for a network in hot asphalt concrete mix in the state of Bahia. Its starting point was a factorial design based on information from a database of highways, provided by the Department of Transport Infrastructure of Bahia. To verify the adequacy of the statistical model was used the straight fit to the observed data set, with determination of the correlation coefficient (r), residue analysis, and normal probability plot of the residuals. The model correlates the performance of a pavement condition index, used for pavement management, to pavement age, traffic and rainfall, factors considered having influence on the pavement deterioration process. The model developed has fit the observed data and showed r = 0.64, so that, there is evidence of the validity of its application for the road network of Bahia. There are no universal performance models and models that have been developed from data observed in studies in specific locations are not necessarily transferable, and have some inherent limitations.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Traditionally, the initial steps on airline planning – Schedule Generation and Fleet Assignment problems – are solved separately. This traditional approach usually leads to suboptimal solutions, since flight profitability – the decision criteria to schedule a flight – depends on what aircraft type will be used on that flight. On the other hand, the type of aircraft assigned to a flight will be different accordingly to the available scheduled flights. Because of this interdependence, airlines avoid complete redesign of their flight network, adopting a conservative approach and slightly improving existing suboptimal schedules over time. The integrated solution for both problems, albeit desirable, leads to large-scale models of the NP-Hard class. Some of the original linear constraints may become non-linear in the integrated problem, bringing further complexity to the solution process. This article presents a linear programming formulation of this integrated problem along with a heuristic approach, called MAGS, based on the ACO metaheuristic. Both the exact solution and the one provided by MAGS are obtained and compared for the case of a Brazilian airline. The results show the applicability of MAGS to real world cases, presenting solutions with objective function values distant no more than 6% of the optimum and much lower processing times than LP model on more complex configurations.

Resumo em Português:

Resumo Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de metodologia para identificação de redes de rotas cicláveis onde as condições de circulação indesejáveis percebidas por usuários de bicicletas são minimizadas. Um modelo matemático baseado em um algoritmo de busca de caminhos é definido para encontrar rotas com melhor nível de serviço para bicicletas (NSB). O Método de Dixon (1996) foi definido para a avaliação do NSB, ao qual uma etapa de análise de declividade de vias foi incorporada através da comparação de cinco critérios (FHWA, 1979; AASHTO, 1999; Road Directorate, 2000; GEIPOT, 2001a; Austroads, 2011). Essa metodologia foi aplicada em Montes Claros, MG, para identificar uma rede cicloviária que interliga cinco pólos geradores de viagens. Neste estudo, as rotas cicláveis mais adequadas foram obtidas através do estudo da rede viária definida pelo critério de declividade de FHWA, embora uma pequena variação do NSB das rotas tenha sido observada quando avaliadas pelos critérios de FHWA, AASHTO e Austroads. Destaca-se que a etapa de avaliação comparativa entre critérios de declividades no modelo permitiu a identificação de rotas similares às utilizadas por usuários de bicicletas do município.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract This paper presents a proposed methodology for the identification of bicycle route networks in urban areas, in which undesirable traffic conditions perceived by bicyclists are minimized. A mathematic model based on a minimum-path search algorithm is proposed to identify routes with best bicycle level of service (BLOS). Dixon's (1996) Method is defined for BLOS evaluation, to which a gradient evaluation step was included through a comparative analysis of five bikeway gradient criteria (FHWA, 1979; AASHTO, 1999; Road Directorate, 2000; GEIPOT, 2001a; Austroads, 2011). The proposed model was applied in Montes Claros, MG, to identify a bicycle route network that connects five trip generation poles. In this study, the most suitable bicycle routes were obtained through the study of the urban road network defined by FHWA's gradient criteria, although a little variation on the perceived BLOS of the routes has been observed when evaluated by FHWA, AASHTO and Austroads' gradient criteria. It is also noticed that the model's gradient comparative evaluation step in the model allowed the identification of routes similar to the used ones by bicyclists in that municipality.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The public sector is responsible for the implementation of transport public policies that maximize the competitiveness of urban space and minimize the negative effects of its growth. For that, the proposal of actions must be guided by good performance indices. Taking the Competitiveness Indicators of Campinas (ICC) as a reference, this paper introduces three main contributions: improve the ICC public transport performance indicator; evaluate the performance of Brazilian municipalities over six years and analyses the efficiency vs. effectiveness strategy for each city. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) results show the conflict among different municipalities strategies, while Curitiba and Betim emphasize the effectiveness of the service delivered São Bernardo e Salvador strategy is centered on efficiency.