Growth and photosynthesis of young dwarf cashew plants grown under salt stress

Abstract

Objectifying to study the responses of young cashew plants to salt stress, grafted dwarf cashew plants were irrigated with saline solutions of different electrical conductivities (ECs) applied either into the root environment or directly on the plant leaves. The electrical conductivities of drained water (ECds) practically doubled in relation to ECs, independently of the way that water was applied. Leaf Na⁺ and Cl^- contents increased with increases of irrigation solutions, especially when applied on the leaves. When irrigation water was applied on the leaves, there were higher reductions in leaf area and leaf dry matter with salinity increase of the irrigation solution. Net photo synthesis was reduced linearly with the increase in salinity and this reduction appeared to be due mainly to stomatal limitations. The effects of salinity are more conspicuous when the irrigation solution was applied directly on the leaves, and the grafted plants appeared to acclimate better to salt stress if the saline solution was applied into the root environment.

Key words:
grafting; salinity; gas exchange