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Esfingídeos (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) no Tabuleiro Paraibano, nordeste do Brasil: abundância, riqueza e relação com plantas esfingófilas

Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) in the Tabuleiro Paraibano, northeastern Brazil: abundance, richness and relations to sphingophilous plants

Resumo

Hawkmoths (Sphingidae) are among the major pollinators in tropical communities. Here the first survey of sphingids and related plants in Northeastern Brazil is presented. The sphingids were surveyed from March 1999 through April 2000 at the Reserva Biológica Guaribas, Mamanguape, Paraíba State. On black and mix light traps, 136 hawkmoths from 24 species were captured. Individuais of Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus, 1758), Isognathus menechus (Boisduval, 1875) and Xylophanes tersa (Linnaeus, 1771) represented 58% of the samples. One half of the recorded species show wide distribution in the Neotropics. Three species were registered for more than six months. Most of the species were found only in the dry or wet season. Pollen from 34 plant species were recorded by pollen analysis of sphingid mouth parts. Hancornia speciosa (Apocynaceae) and Guettarda platipoda (Rubiaceae) were the most important food plants. Both are characteristic elements of the Tabuleiro Nordestino and present typically sphingophilous flowers. More than one half of the sphingids presented pollen from only one or two species of plants. By transporting large quantities of pollen of a few species, hawkmoths seem to be the main pollinators of nocturnal flowers in the Tabuleiro Paraibano.

Sphingidae; Tabuleiro Nordestino; hawkmoths; biodiversity; sphingophilous plants; pollen analysis; Northeastern Brazil


Sphingidae; Tabuleiro Nordestino; hawkmoths; biodiversity; sphingophilous plants; pollen analysis; Northeastern Brazil

Esfingídeos (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) no Tabuleiro Paraibano, nordeste do Brasil: abundância, riqueza e relação com plantas esfingófilas

Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) in the Tabuleiro Paraibano, northeastern Brazil: abundance, richness and relations to sphingophilous plants

Reisla Oliveira Darrault; Clemens Schlindwein* * Correspondências: Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Avenida Prof. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil

Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Cidade Universitária, 58059-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil

ABSTRACT

Hawkmoths (Sphingidae) are among the major pollinators in tropical communities. Here the first survey of sphingids and related plants in Northeastern Brazil is presented. The sphingids were surveyed from March 1999 through April 2000 at the Reserva Biológica Guaribas, Mamanguape, Paraíba State. On black and mix light traps, 136 hawkmoths from 24 species were captured. Individuais of Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus, 1758), Isognathus menechus (Boisduval, 1875) and Xylophanes tersa (Linnaeus, 1771) represented 58% of the samples. One half of the recorded species show wide distribution in the Neotropics. Three species were registered for more than six months. Most of the species were found only in the dry or wet season. Pollen from 34 plant species were recorded by pollen analysis of sphingid mouth parts. Hancornia speciosa (Apocynaceae) and Guettarda platipoda (Rubiaceae) were the most important food plants. Both are characteristic elements of the Tabuleiro Nordestino and present typically sphingophilous flowers. More than one half of the sphingids presented pollen from only one or two species of plants. By transporting large quantities of pollen of a few species, hawkmoths seem to be the main pollinators of nocturnal flowers in the Tabuleiro Paraibano.

Key words: Sphingidae, Tabuleiro Nordestino, hawkmoths, biodiversity, sphingophilous plants, pollen analysis, Northeastern Brazil

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Somos gratos ao Marcelo Marcelino e toda equipe da Reserva Biológica Guaribas (IBAMA): Sr. Sadan, Sr. Manoel Pedro, Sr. Oscar, Sr. Luís e Sr. Tabosa, pelo apoio logístico. Ao Dr. Olaf Mielke (UFPR) pelo auxílio na identificação da maior parte dos esfingídeos coletados. Ao Dr. Hans-Peter Stika e à Dra. Anne Heller (Universidade de Stuttgart-Hohenheim) pela ajuda no uso do microscópio eletrônico. Ao Dr. Celso F. Martins (UFPB) e ao Sr. Jorge Kesselring pelo apoio. Ao Dr. Ricardo Rosa pela revisão do Abstract. À Cristiane F. Costa, Antônio J.C. Aguiar, Lemuel O. Leite e Neila Leite pela ajuda em campo. À CAPES, CNPq e Fundação A.F.W. Schimper pelo apoio financeiro.

Recebido em 08.VI.2001; aceito em 07.V.2002.

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  • *
    Correspondências: Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Avenida Prof. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil
  • Datas de Publicação

    • Publicação nesta coleção
      18 Maio 2009
    • Data do Fascículo
      Jun 2002

    Histórico

    • Aceito
      07 Maio 2002
    • Recebido
      08 Jun 2001
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