O Impacto dos Recursos do Desempenho Exportador de Empresas Pertencentes a Clusters: um estudo no setor vitivinícola francês

Zen, Aurora Carneiro; Fensterseifer, Jaime Evaldo; Prévot, Frédéric

doi:10.7819/rbgn.v16i52.1523

RESUMO

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o impacto dos recursos no desempenho exportador das empresas pertencentes a clusters. O argumento em que se baseia o presente trabalho é o de que a inserção em clusters possibilita o acesso a recursos que influenciam o processo de internacionalização das empresas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa no setor vitivinícola francês, que é o principal mercado consumidor em volume, sendo a França o segundo país em produção de vinhos no mundo. Outro dado da pesquisa é a população-alvo do estudo, que são empresas exportadoras do setor vitivinícola francês, localizadas em clusters, além da amostra composta por 130 vinícolas francesas exportadoras, localizadas em diferentes clusters vitivinícolas. Em suma, os resultados apontaram que o acesso aos recursos disponíveis no cluster impacta no processo de internacionalização das empresas pertencentes às aglomerações e no seu desempenho exportador. Uma implicação relevante da pesquisa para a internacionalização das empresas é a importância dos recursos singulares ligados ao fator comercial, uma vez identificado que as empresas com desempenho exportador superior são aquelas atribuem maior importância aos seus recursos comerciais. Novos estudos poderão mensurar a utilização dos recursos na estratégia de internacionalização, bem como comparar a importância e a utilização dos recursos de acordo com o nível de desempenho exportador das empresas.

Palavras-chave:
Internacionalização; Clusters; Recursos; Vinho

RESUMEN

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el impacto de los recursos en las exportaciones de las compañías pertenecientes a los clústeres. El argumento del presente documento es que la inserción en grupos proporciona acceso a los recursos que influyen en el proceso de internacionalización de las compañías. Se realizó una encuesta cuantitativa en la industria del vino francés, el principal mercado consumidor en volumen y el segundo mayor productor de vinos del mundo. La población objeto del estudio son los exportadores del sector vitivinícola francés, situada en clústeres. La muestra se compone de 130 exportadores de vino francés situados en diferentes clústeres. En resumen, los resultados indican que el acceso a los recursos disponibles en el clúster impacta en el proceso de internacionalización de las compañías pertenecientes a los clústeres y en los resultados de exportación de los mismos. Una de las implicaciones de la investigación relevante para la internacionalización de las compañías es la importancia de los recursos naturales relacionados con el factor comercial, ya que se encontró que las compañías con mayor rendimiento en las exportaciones son las que conceden mayor importancia a los recursos de su negocio. Estudios posteriores pueden medir la utilización de los recursos en la estrategia de internacionalización, así como comparar la importancia y el uso de los recursos de acuerdo con el nivel de rendimiento de las exportaciones de las empresas.

Palabras clave:
Internacionalización; Clúster; Recursos; Vino

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the impact of resources on export performance of clustered companies. We argue that the insertion in clusters provides access to resources that influence the internationalization process of firms. We conducted a survey in the French wine industry, the main consumer market in volume and second largest producer of wine in the world. The population of the study includes exporting French wineries, located in clusters. The sample consists of 130 French wine exporters, located in different wine clusters. In short, the results indicated that access to cluster’s resources has a positive impact on the process of internationalization and export performance of companies. One managerial implication of the research is the importance of commercial resources. The firms with higher export performance attributed greater importance to their commercial resources. Further studies may measure the utilization of resources in the internationalization strategy, and compare the importance and the use of resources in accordance with the level of export performance of companies.

Keywords:
Internationalization; Clusters; Resources; Wine

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

REFERÊNCIAS

BARNEY, J. B. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, Thousand Oaks, CA, v. 17, n. 1, p. 99-120, 1991.
BARNEY, J. B; ROSSI, S. P. S. The positive effect of industrial district on the export performance of Italian firms. Review of Industrial Organization, Boston, v. 16, n. 1, p. 53-68, Feb. 2000.
BARNEY, J. B. Strategic factor markets: expectations, luck and business strategy. Management Science, Linthicum, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1231-1241, Oct. 1986.
BECATTINI, G. Italian industrial district: problems and perspectives. International Studies of Management & Organization, White Plains, v. 21, n. 1, p. 83-90, Spring, 1991.
BECCHETTI, L.; PANIZZA, A.; OROPALLO, F. Role of industrial district externalities in export and value-added performance: evidence from the population of Italian firms. Regional Studies, Cambridge, v. 41, n. 5, p. 601-621, July 2007.
BELSO-MARTINEZ, J. A. Why are some spanish manufacturing firms internationalizing rapidly? The role of business and institutional international networks. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, London, v. 18, n. 3, 207-226, May, 2006.
BONACCORSI, A. On the relationship between firm size and export intensity. Journal of International Business Studies, Basingstoke, v. 23, n. 4, p. 605-635, 1992.
CHETTY, S. K.; WILSON, H. I. M. Collaborating with competitors to acquire resources. International Business Review, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 1, p. 61 - 81, Feb. 2003.
COMBS, J. G.; KETCHEN, D. J. Explaining interfirm cooperation and performance: toward a reconciliation of predictions from the resource-based view and organizational economics. Strategic Management Journal, Chicago, v. 20, n. 9, p. 867-888, Sept. 1999.
DE MARTINO, R.; REID, D. M.; ZYGLIODOPOULOS, S. C. Balancing localization and globalization: exploring the impact of firm internationalization on a regional cluster. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, London, v. 18, n. 1, p. 1-24, Jan. 2006.
DHANARAJ, C.; BEAMISH, P. W. A resource-based approach to the study of export performance. Journal of Small Business Management, Milwaukee, v. 41, n. 3, p. 242-261, July 2003.
DYER, J.H.; SINGH, H. The relational view: cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management Review, Briarcliff Manor v. 23, n. 4, p. 660-679, Oct. 1998.
EISENHARDT, K.M.; SCHOOCHOVEN, C.B. Resource-based view of strategic alliance formation: strategic and social effects on entrepreneurial firms. Organizational Science, Hanover, v. 7, n. 2, p. 136-150, Mar./Apr. 1996.
FAHY, J. A resource-based analysis of sustainable competitive advantage in a global environment. International Business Review, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. 57-78, Feb. 2002.
FENSTERSEIFER, J. E.; WILK, E.O. Visão da firma baseada em recursos, clusters e performance: um estudo no setor vitivinícola do RS. In: ENCONTRO NACIONAL DA ASSOCIOÇÃO NACIONAL DE PROGRAMAS DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO, 29., Brasília, 2005. Resumo dos trabalhos. Rio de Janeiro: ANPAD, 2005. CD-ROM.
FERNHABER, S. A.; GILBERT, B. A.; McDOUGALL, P. P. International entrepreneurship and geographic location: an empirical examination of new venture internationalization. Journal of International Business Studies, Basingstoke, v. 39, n. 2, p. 267-290, Mar. 2008.
FERREIRA, F. C. M.; GOLDSZMIDT, R. G. B.; CSILLAG, J. M. The regional concentration of industries and the performance of firms: a multilevel approach. Brazilian Administration Review, Rio de Janeiro, v. 7, n. 4, p. 345-361, Oct./Dec. 2010.
GELLYNCK, X.; VERMEIRE, B.; VIAENE, J. Innovation in food firms: contribution of regional networks within the international business context. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Abingdon, v. 19, n. 3, p. 209-226, May 2007.
GRANT, R.M. The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: implications for strategy formulation. California Management Review, Berkeley, v.33, n.3, p. 114-135, 1991.
HALL, C. M.; MITCHELL, R. Wine marketing: a practical guide. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2008.
HERVÁS-OLIVER, J. L.; ALBORS-GARRIGÓS, J. Do clusters capabilities matter? An empirical application of the resource-based view in clusters. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Abingdon v. 19, n. 2, p. 113-136, Mar. 2007
IBEH, K. I. N.; WHEELER, C. N. A resource-centred interpretation of export performance. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, New York v. 1,n. 4, p. 539-556, Dec. 2005.
JOHANSON, J.; VAHLNE, J. The internalization process of the firm: a model of knowledge development and increasing foreign market commitments. Journal of International Business Studies, Basingstoke, v. 8, n. 1, p. 23-32, 1977.
JOHANSON, J.; VAHLNE, J. The mechanism of internationalisation, International Marketing Review, London, v. 7, n. 4, p. 11-24, 1990.
KATSIKEAS, C. S.; LEONIDOU, L. C.; MORGAN, N. A. Firm-level export performance assessment: review, evaluation and development. Academy of Marketing Science Jorunal, New York, v. 28, n. 4, p. 493-511, Fall 2000.
LAVIE, D. The competitive advantage of interconnected firms: an extension of the resource-based view. Academy of Management. The Academy of Management Review, Briarcliff Manor , v. 31, n. 3, p. 638-658, July 2006.
MACCARINI, M. E.; SCABINI, P.; ZUCCHELLA, A. Internationalization strategies in Italian district-based firms: theoretical modeling and empirical evidence. In: Conference on Clusters, Industrial Districts and Firms: The Challenge of Globalization, 2003, Modena. Anais eletrônicos… Modena: Facoltà di Economia Marco Biagi, 2003. Disponível em: <Disponível em: http://eco.uninsubria.it/dipeco/Quaderni/files/QF2004_03.pdf >. Acesso em: 23 jun. 2008.
» http://eco.uninsubria.it/dipeco/Quaderni/files/QF2004_03.pdf
MARSHALL, A. Princípios de economia: tratado introdutório. São Paulo: Nova Cultural, 1983. 2v. (Os economistas).
MENDEZ, A.; MERCIER, D. Compétences-clés de territoires: Le role dês relations interorganisationnelles. Revue Française de Gestion, Paris, v. 32, n. 164, p. 253-275, 2006.
MEYER, K.; SKAK, A. Networks, serendipity and SME entry into Eastern Europe. European Management Journal, London, v. 20, n. 2, p. 179-188, Apr. 2002.
MEYER-STAMER, J. Estratégias de desenvolvimento local e regional: clusters, política de localização e competitividade sistêmica. Policy Paper, n. 28, set. 2001.
MITTELSTAEDT, J. D.; WARD, W. A.; NOWLIN, E. Location, industrial concentration and the propensity of small US firms to export: entrepreneurship in the international marketplace. International Marketing Review, London, v. 23, n. 5, p. 486-503, 2006.
MOLINA-MORALES, F. X. European industrial districts: Influence of geographic concentration on performance of the firm, Journal of International Management, [S. l.], v. 7, n. 4, p. 277-294, Winter 2001.
ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE LA VIGNE ET DU VIN (OIV). Note de conjoncture mondiale mars 2008. Disponível em: <Disponível em: http://www.oiv.int/oiv/info/frconjoncture >. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2009.
» http://www.oiv.int/oiv/info/frconjoncture
ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE LA VIGNE ET DU VIN (OIV). Note de conjoncture mondiale mars 2010. Disponível em: <Disponível em: http://www.oiv.int/oiv/info/frconjoncture >. Acesso em: 30 mar. 2011.
» http://www.oiv.int/oiv/info/frconjoncture
OFFICE NATIONAL INTERPROFESSIONNEL DES VINS (ONIVINS). Observatoire des explotaiton viticoles: résultats récolte 2008. 2010. Disponível em: <Disponível em: http://www.franceagrimer.fr/content/download/10237/67914/file/Obser_exploit_viti_resul_recol2008.pdf/ >. Acesso em: 10 out. 2010.
» http://www.franceagrimer.fr/content/download/10237/67914/file/Obser_exploit_viti_resul_recol2008.pdf/
PENG, M. W. The resource-based view and international business. Journal of Management, Thousand Oaks, v. 27, n. 6, p. 803-829, Dec. 2001.
PETERAF, M. A. The cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource based-view. Strategic Management Journal, Chichester, v. 14, n. 3, p. 179-191, Mar. 1993.
PORTER, M.E. Clusters and the new economics of competition. Harvard Business Review, Boston, v. 76, n. 6, p. 77-90, Nov./Dec. 1998.
ROCHA, A. M. C.; PEREIRA, B. K. C.; MONTEIRO, J. The Internationalization of Industrial Clusters: Cooperation and Competition. In: ENCONTRO DE ESTUDOS EM ESTRATÉGIA, 3., 2007, São Paulo. Resumo dos trabalhos. Rio de Janeiro: ANPAD , 2007. CD-ROM.
SEPPO, Marge. The role of business networks in the internationalization of Estonian chemical industry enterprises. 2007. University of Tartu - Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Working Paper Series with number 50.
WERNERFELT, B. A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, Chicago, v. 5, n. 2, p.171-180, Apr./June 1984.
WILK, E. A relação entre estratégia, recursos e performance: uma investigação em empresas de vinhos finos do cluster da serra gaúcha. 2006. 227 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronegócios) - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Agronegócios, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 2006.
WILK, E.; FENSTERSEIFER, J. E. Use the resourced-based view in industrial cluster strategic analysis. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Bradford, v. 23, n. 9, p. 995-1009, 2003.
ZHAO, H; ZOU, S. The impact of industry concentration and firm location on export propensity and intensity: a empirical analysis of Chinese manufacturing firms. Journal of International Marketing, Chicago, v. 10, n.1, p. 52-71, Mar. 2002.

2
Processo de avaliação: Double Blind Review.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
Jul-Sep 2014

Histórico

Recebido
05 Jan 2014
Aceito
23 Out 2014

Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto sob uma licença Creative Commons

[1] BARNEY, J. B. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, Thousand Oaks, CA, v. 17, n. 1, p. 99-120, 1991.

[2] BARNEY, J. B; ROSSI, S. P. S. The positive effect of industrial district on the export performance of Italian firms. Review of Industrial Organization, Boston, v. 16, n. 1, p. 53-68, Feb. 2000.

[3] BARNEY, J. B. Strategic factor markets: expectations, luck and business strategy. Management Science, Linthicum, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1231-1241, Oct. 1986.

[4] BECATTINI, G. Italian industrial district: problems and perspectives. International Studies of Management & Organization, White Plains, v. 21, n. 1, p. 83-90, Spring, 1991.

[5] BECCHETTI, L.; PANIZZA, A.; OROPALLO, F. Role of industrial district externalities in export and value-added performance: evidence from the population of Italian firms. Regional Studies, Cambridge, v. 41, n. 5, p. 601-621, July 2007.

[6] BELSO-MARTINEZ, J. A. Why are some spanish manufacturing firms internationalizing rapidly? The role of business and institutional international networks. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, London, v. 18, n. 3, 207-226, May, 2006.

[7] BONACCORSI, A. On the relationship between firm size and export intensity. Journal of International Business Studies, Basingstoke, v. 23, n. 4, p. 605-635, 1992.

[8] CHETTY, S. K.; WILSON, H. I. M. Collaborating with competitors to acquire resources. International Business Review, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 1, p. 61 - 81, Feb. 2003.

[9] COMBS, J. G.; KETCHEN, D. J. Explaining interfirm cooperation and performance: toward a reconciliation of predictions from the resource-based view and organizational economics. Strategic Management Journal, Chicago, v. 20, n. 9, p. 867-888, Sept. 1999.

[10] DE MARTINO, R.; REID, D. M.; ZYGLIODOPOULOS, S. C. Balancing localization and globalization: exploring the impact of firm internationalization on a regional cluster. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, London, v. 18, n. 1, p. 1-24, Jan. 2006.

[11] DHANARAJ, C.; BEAMISH, P. W. A resource-based approach to the study of export performance. Journal of Small Business Management, Milwaukee, v. 41, n. 3, p. 242-261, July 2003.

[12] DYER, J.H.; SINGH, H. The relational view: cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management Review, Briarcliff Manor v. 23, n. 4, p. 660-679, Oct. 1998.

[13] EISENHARDT, K.M.; SCHOOCHOVEN, C.B. Resource-based view of strategic alliance formation: strategic and social effects on entrepreneurial firms. Organizational Science, Hanover, v. 7, n. 2, p. 136-150, Mar./Apr. 1996.

[14] FAHY, J. A resource-based analysis of sustainable competitive advantage in a global environment. International Business Review, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. 57-78, Feb. 2002.

[15] FENSTERSEIFER, J. E.; WILK, E.O. Visão da firma baseada em recursos, clusters e performance: um estudo no setor vitivinícola do RS. In: ENCONTRO NACIONAL DA ASSOCIOÇÃO NACIONAL DE PROGRAMAS DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO, 29., Brasília, 2005. Resumo dos trabalhos. Rio de Janeiro: ANPAD, 2005. CD-ROM.

[16] FERNHABER, S. A.; GILBERT, B. A.; McDOUGALL, P. P. International entrepreneurship and geographic location: an empirical examination of new venture internationalization. Journal of International Business Studies, Basingstoke, v. 39, n. 2, p. 267-290, Mar. 2008.

[17] FERREIRA, F. C. M.; GOLDSZMIDT, R. G. B.; CSILLAG, J. M. The regional concentration of industries and the performance of firms: a multilevel approach. Brazilian Administration Review, Rio de Janeiro, v. 7, n. 4, p. 345-361, Oct./Dec. 2010.

[18] GELLYNCK, X.; VERMEIRE, B.; VIAENE, J. Innovation in food firms: contribution of regional networks within the international business context. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Abingdon, v. 19, n. 3, p. 209-226, May 2007.

[19] GRANT, R.M. The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: implications for strategy formulation. California Management Review, Berkeley, v.33, n.3, p. 114-135, 1991.

[20] HALL, C. M.; MITCHELL, R. Wine marketing: a practical guide. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2008.

[21] HERVÁS-OLIVER, J. L.; ALBORS-GARRIGÓS, J. Do clusters capabilities matter? An empirical application of the resource-based view in clusters. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Abingdon v. 19, n. 2, p. 113-136, Mar. 2007

[22] IBEH, K. I. N.; WHEELER, C. N. A resource-centred interpretation of export performance. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, New York v. 1,n. 4, p. 539-556, Dec. 2005.

[23] JOHANSON, J.; VAHLNE, J. The internalization process of the firm: a model of knowledge development and increasing foreign market commitments. Journal of International Business Studies, Basingstoke, v. 8, n. 1, p. 23-32, 1977.

[24] JOHANSON, J.; VAHLNE, J. The mechanism of internationalisation, International Marketing Review, London, v. 7, n. 4, p. 11-24, 1990.

[25] KATSIKEAS, C. S.; LEONIDOU, L. C.; MORGAN, N. A. Firm-level export performance assessment: review, evaluation and development. Academy of Marketing Science Jorunal, New York, v. 28, n. 4, p. 493-511, Fall 2000.

[26] LAVIE, D. The competitive advantage of interconnected firms: an extension of the resource-based view. Academy of Management. The Academy of Management Review, Briarcliff Manor , v. 31, n. 3, p. 638-658, July 2006.

[27] MACCARINI, M. E.; SCABINI, P.; ZUCCHELLA, A. Internationalization strategies in Italian district-based firms: theoretical modeling and empirical evidence. In: Conference on Clusters, Industrial Districts and Firms: The Challenge of Globalization, 2003, Modena. Anais eletrônicos… Modena: Facoltà di Economia Marco Biagi, 2003. Disponível em: <Disponível em: http://eco.uninsubria.it/dipeco/Quaderni/files/QF2004_03.pdf >. Acesso em: 23 jun. 2008.
» http://eco.uninsubria.it/dipeco/Quaderni/files/QF2004_03.pdf

[28] MARSHALL, A. Princípios de economia: tratado introdutório. São Paulo: Nova Cultural, 1983. 2v. (Os economistas).

[29] MENDEZ, A.; MERCIER, D. Compétences-clés de territoires: Le role dês relations interorganisationnelles. Revue Française de Gestion, Paris, v. 32, n. 164, p. 253-275, 2006.

[30] MEYER, K.; SKAK, A. Networks, serendipity and SME entry into Eastern Europe. European Management Journal, London, v. 20, n. 2, p. 179-188, Apr. 2002.

[31] MEYER-STAMER, J. Estratégias de desenvolvimento local e regional: clusters, política de localização e competitividade sistêmica. Policy Paper, n. 28, set. 2001.

[32] MITTELSTAEDT, J. D.; WARD, W. A.; NOWLIN, E. Location, industrial concentration and the propensity of small US firms to export: entrepreneurship in the international marketplace. International Marketing Review, London, v. 23, n. 5, p. 486-503, 2006.

[33] MOLINA-MORALES, F. X. European industrial districts: Influence of geographic concentration on performance of the firm, Journal of International Management, [S. l.], v. 7, n. 4, p. 277-294, Winter 2001.

[34] ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE LA VIGNE ET DU VIN (OIV). Note de conjoncture mondiale mars 2008. Disponível em: <Disponível em: http://www.oiv.int/oiv/info/frconjoncture >. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2009.
» http://www.oiv.int/oiv/info/frconjoncture

[35] ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE LA VIGNE ET DU VIN (OIV). Note de conjoncture mondiale mars 2010. Disponível em: <Disponível em: http://www.oiv.int/oiv/info/frconjoncture >. Acesso em: 30 mar. 2011.
» http://www.oiv.int/oiv/info/frconjoncture

[36] OFFICE NATIONAL INTERPROFESSIONNEL DES VINS (ONIVINS). Observatoire des explotaiton viticoles: résultats récolte 2008. 2010. Disponível em: <Disponível em: http://www.franceagrimer.fr/content/download/10237/67914/file/Obser_exploit_viti_resul_recol2008.pdf/ >. Acesso em: 10 out. 2010.
» http://www.franceagrimer.fr/content/download/10237/67914/file/Obser_exploit_viti_resul_recol2008.pdf/

[37] PENG, M. W. The resource-based view and international business. Journal of Management, Thousand Oaks, v. 27, n. 6, p. 803-829, Dec. 2001.

[38] PETERAF, M. A. The cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource based-view. Strategic Management Journal, Chichester, v. 14, n. 3, p. 179-191, Mar. 1993.

[39] PORTER, M.E. Clusters and the new economics of competition. Harvard Business Review, Boston, v. 76, n. 6, p. 77-90, Nov./Dec. 1998.

[40] ROCHA, A. M. C.; PEREIRA, B. K. C.; MONTEIRO, J. The Internationalization of Industrial Clusters: Cooperation and Competition. In: ENCONTRO DE ESTUDOS EM ESTRATÉGIA, 3., 2007, São Paulo. Resumo dos trabalhos. Rio de Janeiro: ANPAD , 2007. CD-ROM.

[41] SEPPO, Marge. The role of business networks in the internationalization of Estonian chemical industry enterprises. 2007. University of Tartu - Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Working Paper Series with number 50.

[42] WERNERFELT, B. A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, Chicago, v. 5, n. 2, p.171-180, Apr./June 1984.

[43] WILK, E. A relação entre estratégia, recursos e performance: uma investigação em empresas de vinhos finos do cluster da serra gaúcha. 2006. 227 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronegócios) - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Agronegócios, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 2006.

[44] WILK, E.; FENSTERSEIFER, J. E. Use the resourced-based view in industrial cluster strategic analysis. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Bradford, v. 23, n. 9, p. 995-1009, 2003.

[45] ZHAO, H; ZOU, S. The impact of industry concentration and firm location on export propensity and intensity: a empirical analysis of Chinese manufacturing firms. Journal of International Marketing, Chicago, v. 10, n.1, p. 52-71, Mar. 2002.

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