Resúmenes
En la industria de transporte aéreo en Chile, existe hoy libre ingreso a los mercados, libertad de precios y una mínima intervención del estado. Sin embargo, la evolución de la industria ha generado discusión y preocupación pública en los últimos años respecto a qué tan competitivo es el mercado de transporte doméstico de pasajeros, especialmente en rutas donde opera sólo una aerolínea. Algunas de las preocupaciones y discusiones de política pública similares a las que existen hoy en Chile, han sido el foco de la literatura económica en el tema desde la regulación de los mercados aéreos a fines de los 70 y se han acentuado últimamente con las distintas fusiones y alianzas entre aerolíneas. El gran avance que ha habido, tanto teórico como empírico, ha permitido entender las características específicas de esta industria y los determinantes del grado de competencia en los mercados, por lo que una revisión de la literatura permite obtener lineamientos relevantes para Chile con el objeto de orientar el análisis y discusión de políticas públicas. El objetivo de este trabajo entonces, es hacer una revisión de la literatura económica que de luces respecto a los elementos críticos que uno debería considerar para evaluar el grado de competencia de la industria y los potenciales riesgos anticompetitivos existentes. Dichos elementos permiten orientar la investigación futura respecto a los efectos de la actual política aerocomercial chilena en el grado de competencia en el mercado doméstico y evaluar la implementación de políticas públicas que permitan hacer más competitivo el mercado.
transporte aéreo; Chile; políticas públicas
In the air transport industry in Chile there exists free entry, there is no fare regulation, and the role of government is defined as one of minimum intervention. However, the evolution of the industry over the last year has prompted public concern and debate about the degree of competition in the domestic passenger air transport markest, especially in routes where there is only one airline. Several of the current public policy concerns in Chile have been already the focus in the economic literature since the deregulation in the U.S. during the late 70s and the interest has increased lately as a result of many mergers and alliances among airlines. The theretical and empirical research has largely contributed to a better understanding of the specific characteristics of the air tranport industry and the main factors affecting competition in these markest. For this reason, a literature review can shed light on the relevant issues to be considered in the analysis and implementation of public policies in this industry. The main goal of this study is to review the economic literature on air transport and bring up the critical issues that should be considered in the analysis of anticompetitive risks and the degree of competition in this industry. An analysis of these critical issue would allow not only future research about the effects on competition of the current air transport policies but would also allow to evaluate the implementation of public policies to increase the degree of competition in the domestic markets.
air transport; Chile; public policy
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Fechas de Publicación
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Publicación en esta colección
03 Oct 2014 -
Fecha del número
Set 2012
Histórico
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Recibido
31 Ago 2011 -
Acepto
30 Ene 2012 -
Revisado
25 Nov 2011
