Comunicação de más notícias em pediatria: revisão integrativa

as evidências dos 40 estudos foram organizadas de acordo com os elementos da comunicação: emissor (família e/ou profissional), receptor (família e/ou criança), mensagem (notícias ruins, más ou difíceis sobre diagnóstico/prognóstico; de modo empático, honesto, objetivo, esperançoso e disponível), canal (materiais, qualidade, quantidade e velocidade), contexto e efeitos (alterações sociais e emocionais), ruídos (sentimentos e linguagem) e falhas (silenciamento e informações enganosas).

Conclusões:

há necessidade de preparação da instituição e equipe, bem como da família e da criança, de modo a promover a corresponsabilização nesse processo, minimizar o sofrimento e os ruídos de comunicação e evitar as falhas, reconhecendo o direito da criança de saber de sua condição.

Descritores:
Revelação da Verdade; Comunicação em Saúde; Diagnóstico; Saúde da Criança; Pediatria

ID	Ano/País	Objetivo	Delineamento	NE
⁽ ¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ⁾	2017/ Brasil	Compreender o manejo das emoções envolvidas na relação entre médicos, mães, crianças na experiência de compartilhamento de notícias difíceis num serviço de oncologia pediátrica e hematológica.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 9 médicas e 5 mães.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ¹²12 Parsons SK, Saiki-Craighill S, Mayer DK, Sullivan AM, Jeruss S, Terrin N, et al. Telling children and adolescent about their cancer diagnosis: cross-cultural comparisons between pediatric oncologists in the US and Japan. Psycho-Oncol[Internet]. 2007 [cited 2018 Jan 10];16(1):60-8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16874746 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1687... ⁾	2007/ EUA e Japão	Descrever padrões de comunicação no diagnóstico entre oncologistas pediátricos e crianças com câncer e comparar diferenças culturais nessas práticas nos EUA e no Japão.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 350 oncopediatras americanos e 362 japoneses.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ¹³13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... ⁾	2010/ Israel	Avaliar as experiências dos pais em receber as más notícias da detecção da perda auditiva de seus filhos.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 14 famílias/pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ⁾	2003/ Austrália	Explorar a experiência dos pais de serem informados de que seu filho tinha uma condição, como uma displasia óssea, que resultaria em baixa estatura significativa.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 11 familiares.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ¹⁵15 Stenmarker M, Hallberg U, Palmérus K, Márky I. Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jun 18];55(3):478-84. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658619 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065... ⁾	2010/ Suécia	Descrever a principal preocupação dos médicos diante de distúrbios malignos, questões psicossociais e provocações existenciais; e as estratégias para lidar com esses desafios.	Qualitativo, Grounded Theory. P: 10 médicos.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ¹⁶16 Finan C, Nasr SZ, Rothwell E, Tarini BA. Primary care providers’experiences notifying parents of cystic fibrosis newborn screening results. Clin Pediatr (Phila) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 16];54(1):67-75. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104730 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510... ⁾	2014/ EUA	Examinar experiências do prestador de cuidados primários com a divulgação parental inicial de resultados de triagem neonatal da fibrose cística para identificar métodos para melhorar a comunicação entre pais e fornecedores durante o processo.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 10 cuidadores primários.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ¹⁷17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ⁾	2014/ Irã	Explorar as experiências das mães iranianas para receber más notícias sobre o câncer infantil e resumir as sugestões para melhorar o fornecimento de más notícias pelos profissionais de saúde.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 14 mães.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ¹⁸18 Hasnat MJ, Graves P. Disclosure of developmental disability: a study of parent satisfaction and the determinants of satisfaction. J Paediatr Child Health [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan16];36(1):32-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10723688 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1072... ⁾	2000/ Austrália	Investigar o nível de satisfação dos pais com a primeira comunicação de um diagnóstico de deficiência de desenvolvimento de seu filho e os determinantes dessa satisfação.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 23 pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ¹⁹19 Parker TM, Johnston DL. Parental perceptions of being told their child has cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 26];51(4):531-4. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18623217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1862... ⁾	2008/ Canadá	Avaliar como os pais se lembram de discutir o diagnóstico de câncer e resumir sugestões de melhoria.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 116 pais.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²⁰20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... ⁾	2010/ Uganda	Explorar os desafios de fornecer serviços de aconselhamento e testagem do HIV a crianças na Uganda.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 60 profissionais da saúde.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ⁾	1994/ Austrália	Avaliar a receptividade dos pais às informações sobre a doença que ameaça a vida de seu filho.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 25 pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ⁾	2000/ EUA	Relatar a resposta dos pais à divulgação e percepção de que seu filho tem neurofibromatose tipo 1.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 18 familiares.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ⁾	2015/ Malawi	Explorar as experiências de crianças (10-14 anos) que vivem com o HIV após a revelação do diagnóstico.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 10 crianças e 7 cuidadores.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²⁴24 Gomes GC, Xavier DM, Mota MS, Salvador MS, Silveira RS, Barlem ELD. Dando notícias difíceis à família da criança em situação grave ou em processo de terminalidade. Rev Enferm UERJ [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2017 Jun 26];22(3):347-52. Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/bde-27990 https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/reso... ⁾	2014/ Brasil	Conhecer as vivências dos profissionais de enfermagem ao darem notícias difíceis à família da criança hospitalizada em situação grave ou em processo terminal.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 9 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... ⁾	2015/ Tanzânia	Avaliar os determinantes do processo de revelação do diagnóstico de HIV para crianças com idades entre 4 e 17 anos, que recebem serviços de atenção ao HIV na Fundação Infantil da Baylor College of Medicine Tanzânia, Centro de Excelência em Mbeya.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 334 cuidadores.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²⁶26 Heeren GA, Jemmott JB 3rd, Sidloyi L, Ngwane Z. Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to HIV-infected children is South Africa: focus groups for intervention development. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Dec 12];7(1):47-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468145 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2246... ⁾	2012/ África do Sul	Compreender crenças sobre a divulgação do diagnóstico de HIV para crianças entre cuidadores, profissionais de saúde e crianças HIV positivas que conheciam seu diagnóstico.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 51 cuidadores, 24 cuidadores de saúde e 5 crianças.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²⁷27 Clarke SA, Davies H, Jenney M, Glaser A, Eiser C. Parental communication and children’s behaviour following diagnosis of childhood leukaemia. Psycho-Oncol [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2018 Jul 13]14(4):274-81. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15386768 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1538... ⁾	2005/ Reino Unido	Identificar as reações e o comportamento da criança após o diagnóstico, as visões dos pais sobre o que para contar à criança e fatores que influenciam a comunicação dos pais com a criança.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 55 pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²⁸28 Badarau DO, De Clercq E, Wangmo T, Dragomir M, Miron I, Kühne T, et al. Cancer care in Romania: challenges and pitfalls of children’s and a adolescent’s multifaceted involvement. J Med Ethics [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 13];42(12):757-61. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27697792 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2769... ⁾	2016/ Romênia	Explorar o envolvimento das crianças a partir das perspectivas dos pais e oncologistas.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 18 cuidadores e 10 médicos.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ²⁹29 Goodwin J, Schoch K, Shashi V, Hooper SR, Morad O, Zalevsky M, et al. A tale worth telling: the impacto f the diagnosis experience on disclosure of genetic disorders. J Intellect Disabil Res [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 18];59(5):474-86. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25059276 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2505... ⁾	2015/ Austrália e Israel	Examinar a relação entre a experiência de diagnóstico e a experiência de revelação para pais de crianças com transtornos do desenvolvimento de uma etiologia genética conhecida como síndrome de deleção 22q11.2.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 559 pais e cuidadores.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³⁰30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... ⁾	2011/ Jordânia	Examinar os relatos das mães sobre a comunicação sobre o diagnóstico de câncer para seus filhos, o quanto as crianças sabiam sobre suas doenças e como as mães estavam satisfeitas com o método usado na comunicação do diagnóstico.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 51 mães.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³¹31 Al-Abdi SY, Al-Ali EA, Daheer MH, Al-Saleh YM, Al-Qurashi KH, Al-Aamri MA. Saudi mothers’ preferences about breaking bad news concerning newborns: a structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Medical Ethics [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Dec 13];12:15. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21861876 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2186... ⁾	2011/ Arábia Saudita	Elucidar as preferências das mães sauditas sobre a comunicação de más noticias em relação aos recém-nascidos.	Ensaio clínico randomizado. P: 402 mães.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³²32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... ⁾	2013/ Brasil	Apreender sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística sobre as notícias difíceis transmitidas por profissionais da saúde.	Qualitativa descritivo. P: 10 familiares.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³³33 Boon-Yasidhi V, Kottapat U, Durier Y, Plipat N, Phongsamart W, Chokephaibulkit K, et al. Diagnosis disclosure in HIV-infected Thai children. J Med Assoc Thai [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2018 Jan 26];88(8):S100-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16858851 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1685... ⁾	2005 Tailândia	Avaliar o status de revelação diagnóstica de crianças tailandesas infectadas pelo HIV adquirido perinatalmente.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 96 cuidadores primários.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³⁴34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27272911 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727... ⁾	2016/ Suécia	Explorar como as crianças com câncer querem receber más notícias sobre sua doença, como quando não há mais opções de tratamento disponíveis.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 10 crianças.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³⁵35 Trejos AM, Reyes L, Bahamon MJ, Alarcón Y, Gaviria G. Effects in the adherence treatment and psychological adjustment after the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis with the "DIRE" clinical model in Colombian children under 17. Rev Child Infectol. 2015;32(4):408-15. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000500007 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-1018201500... ⁾	2015/ Colômbia	Avaliar os efeitos do modelo clínico "DIRE" de revelar o diagnóstico de HIV em crianças menores de 17 anos.	Estudo de validação. P: 41 profissionais da saúde, 31 cuidadores e 33 crianças.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³⁶36 Last BF, van Veldhuizen AMH. Information about diagnosis and prognosis related to anxiety and depression in children with cancer aged 8-16 years. EJC. 1996;32(2):290-4. Available from: doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)00576-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(95)005... ⁾	1996/ Holanda	Testar a hipótese de que ser informado abertamente sobre o diagnóstico e prognóstico beneficia o bem-estar emocional de crianças com câncer.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 56 crianças e seus pais.	6^† † questão de tratamento.
⁽ ³⁷37 Waxler JL, Cherniske EM, Dieter K, Herd P, Pober BR. Hearing from parents: the impacto f receiving the diagnosis of Williams syndrome in their child. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 19];161A(3):534-41. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2340... ⁾	2013/ EUA	Conhecer a experiência de receber um diagnóstico de pais de crianças com síndrome de Williams.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 600 famílias.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³⁸38 Thorne C, Newell ML, Peckham CS. Disclosure of diagnosis and planning for the future in HIV-affected families in Europe. Child Care Health Dev. 2000;26(1):29-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000.00128.x https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000... ⁾	2000/ Alemanha Itália, Países Baixos, Portugal, Espanha, Suíça, Reino Unido	Descrever como ocorre a revelação de infecção e planejamento para o futuro em famílias com crianças afetadas pelo HIV em sete países europeus.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 182 familiares.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ³⁹39 Muñoz Sastre MT, Sorum PC, Mullet E. Lay people’s and health professionals’views about breaking bad news to children. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 26];40(1):106-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22928950 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2292... ⁾	2014/ França	Explorar a visão de pessoas leigas e profissionais sobre comunicar más notícias a crianças.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 170 leigos, 33 enfermeiros e 6médicos .	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴⁰40 Vaz LM, Eng E, Maman S, Tshikandu T, Behets F. Telling children they have HIV: lessons learned from findings of a qualitative study in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS Patients Care STDS [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2018 Jun 12];24(4):247-56. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397899 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2039... ⁾	2010/ República Democrática do Congo	Explorar os eventos antes, durante e após a divulgação para gerar uma narrativa das experiências das crianças congolesas ao descobrirem sua condição de HIV.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 8 famílias (7 crianças e 9 cuidadores).	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴¹41 Orioles A, Miller VA, Kersun LS, Ingram M, Morrison WE. “To be a phenomenal doctor you have to be the whole package”: physicians’ interpersonal behaviors during difficult conversations in pediatrics. J Palliat Med [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jun 12];16(8):929-33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808643 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2380... ⁾	2013/ EUA	Avaliar as percepções dos pais sobre os comportamentos interpessoais dos médicos e seu papel na comunicação de más notícias.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 13 pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴²42 Abbott M, Bernard P, Forge J. Communicating a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder-a qualitative study of parents’ experiences. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatr [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 26];18(3):370-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904114 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2290... ⁾	2012/ Inglaterra	Explorar as experiências da "sessão de feedback" com nove grupos de pais em um Serviço Comunitário de Saúde Mental para Crianças e Adolescentes no Nordeste da Inglaterra.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 9 famílias.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴³43 Harnett A, Tierney E, Guerin S. Convention of hope-communicating positive, realistic messages to families at the time of a child’s diagnosis with disabilities. British J Learn Disabil. 2009;37:257-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009.00580.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009... ⁾	2009/ Irlanda	Descrever a maneira como os pais são informados de que seu filho tem deficiências.	Método misto. P: 1588 profissionais e 584 famílias.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴⁴44 Mack JW, Wolfe J, Grier HE, Cleary PD, Weeks JC. Communication about prognosis between parents and physicians of children with cancer: parents preferences and the impact of prognostic information. J Clin Oncol [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2017 Jun 26];24(33):5265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17114660 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1711... ⁾	2006/ EUA	Determinar preferências dos pais para informações prognósticas sobre seus filhos com câncer e os resultados de receber tais informações.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 194 pais.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴⁵45 Havermans T, Tack J, Vertommen A, Proesmans M, de Boeck K. Breaking bad news, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in childhood. J Cyst Fibros [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16];14(4):540-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556... ⁾	2015/ Bélgica	Explorar como os pais lembram as circunstâncias do diagnóstico de fibrose cística e as informações que receberam e investigar seus estilos atuais de enfrentamento.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 38 pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴⁶46 Abdelmoktader AM, Abd Elhamed KA. Egyptian mothers’ preferences regarding how physicians break bad news about their child’s disability: A structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Med Ethics [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 16];13:14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747832 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2274... ⁾	2012/ Egito	Identificar as preferências das mães egípcias em saber como receber as más notícias sobre a deficiência de seus filhos.	Quantitativo transversal. P: 100 mães.	4^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴⁷47 Young B, Ward J, Salmon P, Gravenhorst K, Hill J, Eden T. Parents’ experiences of their children’s presence in discussions with physicians about leukemia. Pediatr [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 25];127(5):1230-8. Available from: pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/5/e1230 pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/1... ⁾	2011/ Reino Unido	Examinar as opiniões dos pais sobre a presença do filho pré-adolescente durante as discussões sobre doenças graves.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 53 pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴⁸48 Meert KL, Eggly S, Pollack M, Anand KJS, Zimmerman J, Carcillo J, et al. Parents’s perspectives on physician-parent communication near the time of a child’s death in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 Jun 25];9(1):2-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477906 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847... ⁾	2008/ EUA	Descrever as percepções dos pais sobre as conversas com médicos sobre a doença terminal de seus filhos e morte na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 56 pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁴⁹49 Hsiao JL, Evan EE, Zeltzer LK. Parent and child perspectives on physician communication in pediatric palliative care. Palliat Support Care [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 13];5(4):355-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044413 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804... ⁾	2007/ EUA	Identificar os aspectos da comunicação do médico que crianças com doenças que limitam a vida e seus pais são consideradas facilitadoras ou obstrutivas em cuidados paliativos pediátricos.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 20 pais.	2^* * questão de significado;
⁽ ⁵⁰50 Bartolo PA. Communicating a diagnosis of developmental disability to parents: multiprofessional negotiation frameworks. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2017 Jan 15];28(1):65-71. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11856189 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1185... ⁾	2002/ Reino Unido	Descrever como as descobertas sobre quatro crianças em idade pré-escolar, com dificuldades suspeitas de pertencerem ao espectro autista, foram comunicadas aos pais.	Qualitativo descritivo. P: 2 grupos multiprofissionais.	2^* * questão de significado;

Elementos		Profissionais	Família	Crianças
Contexto		cultura do trabalho⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^-¹²12 Parsons SK, Saiki-Craighill S, Mayer DK, Sullivan AM, Jeruss S, Terrin N, et al. Telling children and adolescent about their cancer diagnosis: cross-cultural comparisons between pediatric oncologists in the US and Japan. Psycho-Oncol[Internet]. 2007 [cited 2018 Jan 10];16(1):60-8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16874746 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1687... ⁾ privacidade⁽¹³13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... ^-¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ⁾ capacitação⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... 12 Parsons SK, Saiki-Craighill S, Mayer DK, Sullivan AM, Jeruss S, Terrin N, et al. Telling children and adolescent about their cancer diagnosis: cross-cultural comparisons between pediatric oncologists in the US and Japan. Psycho-Oncol[Internet]. 2007 [cited 2018 Jan 10];16(1):60-8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16874746 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1687... 13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... 14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... 15 Stenmarker M, Hallberg U, Palmérus K, Márky I. Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jun 18];55(3):478-84. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658619 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065... 16 Finan C, Nasr SZ, Rothwell E, Tarini BA. Primary care providers’experiences notifying parents of cystic fibrosis newborn screening results. Clin Pediatr (Phila) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 16];54(1):67-75. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104730 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510... 17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... 18 Hasnat MJ, Graves P. Disclosure of developmental disability: a study of parent satisfaction and the determinants of satisfaction. J Paediatr Child Health [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan16];36(1):32-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10723688 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1072... 19 Parker TM, Johnston DL. Parental perceptions of being told their child has cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 26];51(4):531-4. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18623217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1862... ^-²⁰20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... ⁾	nível educacional⁽¹⁶16 Finan C, Nasr SZ, Rothwell E, Tarini BA. Primary care providers’experiences notifying parents of cystic fibrosis newborn screening results. Clin Pediatr (Phila) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 16];54(1):67-75. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104730 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510... ^,²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... 22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... 23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... 24 Gomes GC, Xavier DM, Mota MS, Salvador MS, Silveira RS, Barlem ELD. Dando notícias difíceis à família da criança em situação grave ou em processo de terminalidade. Rev Enferm UERJ [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2017 Jun 26];22(3):347-52. Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/bde-27990 https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/reso... 25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... 26 Heeren GA, Jemmott JB 3rd, Sidloyi L, Ngwane Z. Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to HIV-infected children is South Africa: focus groups for intervention development. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Dec 12];7(1):47-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468145 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2246... 27 Clarke SA, Davies H, Jenney M, Glaser A, Eiser C. Parental communication and children’s behaviour following diagnosis of childhood leukaemia. Psycho-Oncol [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2018 Jul 13]14(4):274-81. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15386768 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1538... ^-²⁸28 Badarau DO, De Clercq E, Wangmo T, Dragomir M, Miron I, Kühne T, et al. Cancer care in Romania: challenges and pitfalls of children’s and a adolescent’s multifaceted involvement. J Med Ethics [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 13];42(12):757-61. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27697792 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2769... ⁾ preparo da família⁽¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ^,²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^-²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^,²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... ^-²⁶26 Heeren GA, Jemmott JB 3rd, Sidloyi L, Ngwane Z. Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to HIV-infected children is South Africa: focus groups for intervention development. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Dec 12];7(1):47-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468145 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2246... ^,²⁹29 Goodwin J, Schoch K, Shashi V, Hooper SR, Morad O, Zalevsky M, et al. A tale worth telling: the impacto f the diagnosis experience on disclosure of genetic disorders. J Intellect Disabil Res [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 18];59(5):474-86. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25059276 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2505... ^-³⁰30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... ⁾ com acompanhante⁽¹³13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... ^-¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ^,²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^-²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^,³¹31 Al-Abdi SY, Al-Ali EA, Daheer MH, Al-Saleh YM, Al-Qurashi KH, Al-Aamri MA. Saudi mothers’ preferences about breaking bad news concerning newborns: a structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Medical Ethics [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Dec 13];12:15. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21861876 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2186... ^-³²32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... ⁾	maturidade⁽²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^,²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^,²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... 26 Heeren GA, Jemmott JB 3rd, Sidloyi L, Ngwane Z. Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to HIV-infected children is South Africa: focus groups for intervention development. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Dec 12];7(1):47-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468145 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2246... ^-²⁷27 Clarke SA, Davies H, Jenney M, Glaser A, Eiser C. Parental communication and children’s behaviour following diagnosis of childhood leukaemia. Psycho-Oncol [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2018 Jul 13]14(4):274-81. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15386768 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1538... ^,²⁹29 Goodwin J, Schoch K, Shashi V, Hooper SR, Morad O, Zalevsky M, et al. A tale worth telling: the impacto f the diagnosis experience on disclosure of genetic disorders. J Intellect Disabil Res [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 18];59(5):474-86. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25059276 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2505... ^-³⁰30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... ^,³³33 Boon-Yasidhi V, Kottapat U, Durier Y, Plipat N, Phongsamart W, Chokephaibulkit K, et al. Diagnosis disclosure in HIV-infected Thai children. J Med Assoc Thai [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2018 Jan 26];88(8):S100-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16858851 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1685... 34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27272911 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727... 35 Trejos AM, Reyes L, Bahamon MJ, Alarcón Y, Gaviria G. Effects in the adherence treatment and psychological adjustment after the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis with the "DIRE" clinical model in Colombian children under 17. Rev Child Infectol. 2015;32(4):408-15. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000500007 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-1018201500... 36 Last BF, van Veldhuizen AMH. Information about diagnosis and prognosis related to anxiety and depression in children with cancer aged 8-16 years. EJC. 1996;32(2):290-4. Available from: doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)00576-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(95)005... 37 Waxler JL, Cherniske EM, Dieter K, Herd P, Pober BR. Hearing from parents: the impacto f receiving the diagnosis of Williams syndrome in their child. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 19];161A(3):534-41. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2340... 38 Thorne C, Newell ML, Peckham CS. Disclosure of diagnosis and planning for the future in HIV-affected families in Europe. Child Care Health Dev. 2000;26(1):29-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000.00128.x https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000... 39 Muñoz Sastre MT, Sorum PC, Mullet E. Lay people’s and health professionals’views about breaking bad news to children. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 26];40(1):106-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22928950 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2292... ^-⁴⁰40 Vaz LM, Eng E, Maman S, Tshikandu T, Behets F. Telling children they have HIV: lessons learned from findings of a qualitative study in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS Patients Care STDS [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2018 Jun 12];24(4):247-56. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397899 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2039... ⁾ direito de saber⁽²⁶26 Heeren GA, Jemmott JB 3rd, Sidloyi L, Ngwane Z. Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to HIV-infected children is South Africa: focus groups for intervention development. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Dec 12];7(1):47-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468145 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2246... ^,³⁴34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27272911 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727... ^,³⁶36 Last BF, van Veldhuizen AMH. Information about diagnosis and prognosis related to anxiety and depression in children with cancer aged 8-16 years. EJC. 1996;32(2):290-4. Available from: doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)00576-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(95)005... ⁾
Emissor			médico⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... 12 Parsons SK, Saiki-Craighill S, Mayer DK, Sullivan AM, Jeruss S, Terrin N, et al. Telling children and adolescent about their cancer diagnosis: cross-cultural comparisons between pediatric oncologists in the US and Japan. Psycho-Oncol[Internet]. 2007 [cited 2018 Jan 10];16(1):60-8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16874746 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1687... 13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... 14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... 15 Stenmarker M, Hallberg U, Palmérus K, Márky I. Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jun 18];55(3):478-84. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658619 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065... ^-¹⁶16 Finan C, Nasr SZ, Rothwell E, Tarini BA. Primary care providers’experiences notifying parents of cystic fibrosis newborn screening results. Clin Pediatr (Phila) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 16];54(1):67-75. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104730 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510... ^,¹⁸18 Hasnat MJ, Graves P. Disclosure of developmental disability: a study of parent satisfaction and the determinants of satisfaction. J Paediatr Child Health [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan16];36(1):32-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10723688 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1072... 19 Parker TM, Johnston DL. Parental perceptions of being told their child has cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 26];51(4):531-4. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18623217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1862... 20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... ^-²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^,²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^-²⁴24 Gomes GC, Xavier DM, Mota MS, Salvador MS, Silveira RS, Barlem ELD. Dando notícias difíceis à família da criança em situação grave ou em processo de terminalidade. Rev Enferm UERJ [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2017 Jun 26];22(3):347-52. Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/bde-27990 https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/reso... ^,³⁰30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... 31 Al-Abdi SY, Al-Ali EA, Daheer MH, Al-Saleh YM, Al-Qurashi KH, Al-Aamri MA. Saudi mothers’ preferences about breaking bad news concerning newborns: a structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Medical Ethics [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Dec 13];12:15. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21861876 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2186... ^-³²32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... ^,³⁴34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27272911 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727... ^-³⁵35 Trejos AM, Reyes L, Bahamon MJ, Alarcón Y, Gaviria G. Effects in the adherence treatment and psychological adjustment after the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis with the "DIRE" clinical model in Colombian children under 17. Rev Child Infectol. 2015;32(4):408-15. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000500007 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-1018201500... ^,³⁷37 Waxler JL, Cherniske EM, Dieter K, Herd P, Pober BR. Hearing from parents: the impacto f receiving the diagnosis of Williams syndrome in their child. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 19];161A(3):534-41. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2340... ^-³⁸38 Thorne C, Newell ML, Peckham CS. Disclosure of diagnosis and planning for the future in HIV-affected families in Europe. Child Care Health Dev. 2000;26(1):29-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000.00128.x https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000... ^,⁴¹41 Orioles A, Miller VA, Kersun LS, Ingram M, Morrison WE. “To be a phenomenal doctor you have to be the whole package”: physicians’ interpersonal behaviors during difficult conversations in pediatrics. J Palliat Med [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jun 12];16(8):929-33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808643 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2380... 42 Abbott M, Bernard P, Forge J. Communicating a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder-a qualitative study of parents’ experiences. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatr [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 26];18(3):370-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904114 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2290... 43 Harnett A, Tierney E, Guerin S. Convention of hope-communicating positive, realistic messages to families at the time of a child’s diagnosis with disabilities. British J Learn Disabil. 2009;37:257-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009.00580.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009... 44 Mack JW, Wolfe J, Grier HE, Cleary PD, Weeks JC. Communication about prognosis between parents and physicians of children with cancer: parents preferences and the impact of prognostic information. J Clin Oncol [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2017 Jun 26];24(33):5265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17114660 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1711... 45 Havermans T, Tack J, Vertommen A, Proesmans M, de Boeck K. Breaking bad news, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in childhood. J Cyst Fibros [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16];14(4):540-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556... 46 Abdelmoktader AM, Abd Elhamed KA. Egyptian mothers’ preferences regarding how physicians break bad news about their child’s disability: A structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Med Ethics [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 16];13:14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747832 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2274... 47 Young B, Ward J, Salmon P, Gravenhorst K, Hill J, Eden T. Parents’ experiences of their children’s presence in discussions with physicians about leukemia. Pediatr [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 25];127(5):1230-8. Available from: pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/5/e1230 pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/1... 48 Meert KL, Eggly S, Pollack M, Anand KJS, Zimmerman J, Carcillo J, et al. Parents’s perspectives on physician-parent communication near the time of a child’s death in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 Jun 25];9(1):2-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477906 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847... ^-⁴⁹49 Hsiao JL, Evan EE, Zeltzer LK. Parent and child perspectives on physician communication in pediatric palliative care. Palliat Support Care [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 13];5(4):355-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044413 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804... ⁾ enfermeiro⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... 12 Parsons SK, Saiki-Craighill S, Mayer DK, Sullivan AM, Jeruss S, Terrin N, et al. Telling children and adolescent about their cancer diagnosis: cross-cultural comparisons between pediatric oncologists in the US and Japan. Psycho-Oncol[Internet]. 2007 [cited 2018 Jan 10];16(1):60-8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16874746 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1687... 13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... 14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. 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Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^,²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^-²⁴24 Gomes GC, Xavier DM, Mota MS, Salvador MS, Silveira RS, Barlem ELD. Dando notícias difíceis à família da criança em situação grave ou em processo de terminalidade. Rev Enferm UERJ [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2017 Jun 26];22(3):347-52. Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/bde-27990 https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/reso... ^,³⁰30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... 31 Al-Abdi SY, Al-Ali EA, Daheer MH, Al-Saleh YM, Al-Qurashi KH, Al-Aamri MA. Saudi mothers’ preferences about breaking bad news concerning newborns: a structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Medical Ethics [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Dec 13];12:15. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21861876 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2186... ^-³²32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... ^,³⁴34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27272911 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727... ^-³⁵35 Trejos AM, Reyes L, Bahamon MJ, Alarcón Y, Gaviria G. Effects in the adherence treatment and psychological adjustment after the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis with the "DIRE" clinical model in Colombian children under 17. Rev Child Infectol. 2015;32(4):408-15. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000500007 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-1018201500... ^,³⁷37 Waxler JL, Cherniske EM, Dieter K, Herd P, Pober BR. Hearing from parents: the impacto f receiving the diagnosis of Williams syndrome in their child. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 19];161A(3):534-41. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2340... ^-³⁸38 Thorne C, Newell ML, Peckham CS. Disclosure of diagnosis and planning for the future in HIV-affected families in Europe. Child Care Health Dev. 2000;26(1):29-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000.00128.x https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000... ^,⁴¹41 Orioles A, Miller VA, Kersun LS, Ingram M, Morrison WE. “To be a phenomenal doctor you have to be the whole package”: physicians’ interpersonal behaviors during difficult conversations in pediatrics. J Palliat Med [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jun 12];16(8):929-33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808643 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2380... 42 Abbott M, Bernard P, Forge J. Communicating a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder-a qualitative study of parents’ experiences. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatr [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 26];18(3):370-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904114 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2290... 43 Harnett A, Tierney E, Guerin S. Convention of hope-communicating positive, realistic messages to families at the time of a child’s diagnosis with disabilities. British J Learn Disabil. 2009;37:257-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009.00580.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009... 44 Mack JW, Wolfe J, Grier HE, Cleary PD, Weeks JC. Communication about prognosis between parents and physicians of children with cancer: parents preferences and the impact of prognostic information. J Clin Oncol [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2017 Jun 26];24(33):5265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17114660 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1711... 45 Havermans T, Tack J, Vertommen A, Proesmans M, de Boeck K. Breaking bad news, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in childhood. J Cyst Fibros [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16];14(4):540-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556... 46 Abdelmoktader AM, Abd Elhamed KA. Egyptian mothers’ preferences regarding how physicians break bad news about their child’s disability: A structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Med Ethics [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 16];13:14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747832 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2274... 47 Young B, Ward J, Salmon P, Gravenhorst K, Hill J, Eden T. Parents’ experiences of their children’s presence in discussions with physicians about leukemia. Pediatr [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 25];127(5):1230-8. Available from: pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/5/e1230 pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/1... 48 Meert KL, Eggly S, Pollack M, Anand KJS, Zimmerman J, Carcillo J, et al. Parents’s perspectives on physician-parent communication near the time of a child’s death in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 Jun 25];9(1):2-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477906 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847... ^-⁴⁹49 Hsiao JL, Evan EE, Zeltzer LK. Parent and child perspectives on physician communication in pediatric palliative care. Palliat Support Care [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 13];5(4):355-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044413 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804... ⁾ outros profissionais⁽¹⁵15 Stenmarker M, Hallberg U, Palmérus K, Márky I. Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jun 18];55(3):478-84. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658619 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065... ^,²⁰20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... ^,³⁵35 Trejos AM, Reyes L, Bahamon MJ, Alarcón Y, Gaviria G. Effects in the adherence treatment and psychological adjustment after the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis with the "DIRE" clinical model in Colombian children under 17. Rev Child Infectol. 2015;32(4):408-15. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000500007 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-1018201500... ^,⁵⁰50 Bartolo PA. Communicating a diagnosis of developmental disability to parents: multiprofessional negotiation frameworks. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2017 Jan 15];28(1):65-71. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11856189 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1185... ⁾	familiar com apoio do profissional⁽¹⁵15 Stenmarker M, Hallberg U, Palmérus K, Márky I. Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jun 18];55(3):478-84. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658619 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065... ^,¹⁷17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ^,²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^,²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. 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Cancer care in Romania: challenges and pitfalls of children’s and a adolescent’s multifaceted involvement. J Med Ethics [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 13];42(12):757-61. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27697792 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2769... ^-²⁹29 Goodwin J, Schoch K, Shashi V, Hooper SR, Morad O, Zalevsky M, et al. A tale worth telling: the impacto f the diagnosis experience on disclosure of genetic disorders. J Intellect Disabil Res [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 18];59(5):474-86. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25059276 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2505... ^,³⁰30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... ^,³³33 Boon-Yasidhi V, Kottapat U, Durier Y, Plipat N, Phongsamart W, Chokephaibulkit K, et al. Diagnosis disclosure in HIV-infected Thai children. J Med Assoc Thai [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2018 Jan 26];88(8):S100-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16858851 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1685... ^,³⁵35 Trejos AM, Reyes L, Bahamon MJ, Alarcón Y, Gaviria G. Effects in the adherence treatment and psychological adjustment after the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis with the "DIRE" clinical model in Colombian children under 17. Rev Child Infectol. 2015;32(4):408-15. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000500007 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-1018201500... 36 Last BF, van Veldhuizen AMH. Information about diagnosis and prognosis related to anxiety and depression in children with cancer aged 8-16 years. EJC. 1996;32(2):290-4. 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Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,²⁰20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... ^,²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^,²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... ^-²⁶26 Heeren GA, Jemmott JB 3rd, Sidloyi L, Ngwane Z. Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to HIV-infected children is South Africa: focus groups for intervention development. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Dec 12];7(1):47-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468145 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2246... ^,³⁰30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... ^,³⁹39 Muñoz Sastre MT, Sorum PC, Mullet E. Lay people’s and health professionals’views about breaking bad news to children. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 26];40(1):106-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22928950 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2292... ⁾
Mensagem	conteúdo	diagnósticos⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... 12 Parsons SK, Saiki-Craighill S, Mayer DK, Sullivan AM, Jeruss S, Terrin N, et al. Telling children and adolescent about their cancer diagnosis: cross-cultural comparisons between pediatric oncologists in the US and Japan. Psycho-Oncol[Internet]. 2007 [cited 2018 Jan 10];16(1):60-8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16874746 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1687... 13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... 14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... 15 Stenmarker M, Hallberg U, Palmérus K, Márky I. Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jun 18];55(3):478-84. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658619 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065... 16 Finan C, Nasr SZ, Rothwell E, Tarini BA. Primary care providers’experiences notifying parents of cystic fibrosis newborn screening results. Clin Pediatr (Phila) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 16];54(1):67-75. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104730 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510... 17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... 18 Hasnat MJ, Graves P. Disclosure of developmental disability: a study of parent satisfaction and the determinants of satisfaction. J Paediatr Child Health [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan16];36(1):32-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10723688 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1072... 19 Parker TM, Johnston DL. Parental perceptions of being told their child has cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 26];51(4):531-4. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18623217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1862... 20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... 21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... 22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^-²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^,²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... 26 Heeren GA, Jemmott JB 3rd, Sidloyi L, Ngwane Z. Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to HIV-infected children is South Africa: focus groups for intervention development. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Dec 12];7(1):47-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468145 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2246... 27 Clarke SA, Davies H, Jenney M, Glaser A, Eiser C. Parental communication and children’s behaviour following diagnosis of childhood leukaemia. Psycho-Oncol [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2018 Jul 13]14(4):274-81. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15386768 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1538... 28 Badarau DO, De Clercq E, Wangmo T, Dragomir M, Miron I, Kühne T, et al. Cancer care in Romania: challenges and pitfalls of children’s and a adolescent’s multifaceted involvement. J Med Ethics [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 13];42(12):757-61. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27697792 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2769... 29 Goodwin J, Schoch K, Shashi V, Hooper SR, Morad O, Zalevsky M, et al. A tale worth telling: the impacto f the diagnosis experience on disclosure of genetic disorders. J Intellect Disabil Res [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 18];59(5):474-86. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25059276 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2505... 30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... 31 Al-Abdi SY, Al-Ali EA, Daheer MH, Al-Saleh YM, Al-Qurashi KH, Al-Aamri MA. Saudi mothers’ preferences about breaking bad news concerning newborns: a structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Medical Ethics [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Dec 13];12:15. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21861876 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2186... 32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... 33 Boon-Yasidhi V, Kottapat U, Durier Y, Plipat N, Phongsamart W, Chokephaibulkit K, et al. Diagnosis disclosure in HIV-infected Thai children. J Med Assoc Thai [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2018 Jan 26];88(8):S100-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16858851 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1685... 34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27272911 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727... 35 Trejos AM, Reyes L, Bahamon MJ, Alarcón Y, Gaviria G. Effects in the adherence treatment and psychological adjustment after the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis with the "DIRE" clinical model in Colombian children under 17. Rev Child Infectol. 2015;32(4):408-15. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000500007 https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-1018201500... 36 Last BF, van Veldhuizen AMH. Information about diagnosis and prognosis related to anxiety and depression in children with cancer aged 8-16 years. EJC. 1996;32(2):290-4. Available from: doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)00576-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(95)005... 37 Waxler JL, Cherniske EM, Dieter K, Herd P, Pober BR. Hearing from parents: the impacto f receiving the diagnosis of Williams syndrome in their child. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 19];161A(3):534-41. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2340... ^-³⁸38 Thorne C, Newell ML, Peckham CS. Disclosure of diagnosis and planning for the future in HIV-affected families in Europe. Child Care Health Dev. 2000;26(1):29-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000.00128.x https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000... ^,⁴⁰40 Vaz LM, Eng E, Maman S, Tshikandu T, Behets F. Telling children they have HIV: lessons learned from findings of a qualitative study in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS Patients Care STDS [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2018 Jun 12];24(4):247-56. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397899 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2039... 41 Orioles A, Miller VA, Kersun LS, Ingram M, Morrison WE. “To be a phenomenal doctor you have to be the whole package”: physicians’ interpersonal behaviors during difficult conversations in pediatrics. J Palliat Med [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jun 12];16(8):929-33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808643 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2380... 42 Abbott M, Bernard P, Forge J. Communicating a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder-a qualitative study of parents’ experiences. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatr [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 26];18(3):370-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904114 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2290... 43 Harnett A, Tierney E, Guerin S. Convention of hope-communicating positive, realistic messages to families at the time of a child’s diagnosis with disabilities. British J Learn Disabil. 2009;37:257-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009.00580.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009... 44 Mack JW, Wolfe J, Grier HE, Cleary PD, Weeks JC. Communication about prognosis between parents and physicians of children with cancer: parents preferences and the impact of prognostic information. J Clin Oncol [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2017 Jun 26];24(33):5265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17114660 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1711... 45 Havermans T, Tack J, Vertommen A, Proesmans M, de Boeck K. Breaking bad news, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in childhood. J Cyst Fibros [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16];14(4):540-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556... 46 Abdelmoktader AM, Abd Elhamed KA. Egyptian mothers’ preferences regarding how physicians break bad news about their child’s disability: A structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Med Ethics [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 16];13:14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747832 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2274... ^-⁴⁷47 Young B, Ward J, Salmon P, Gravenhorst K, Hill J, Eden T. Parents’ experiences of their children’s presence in discussions with physicians about leukemia. Pediatr [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 25];127(5):1230-8. Available from: pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/5/e1230 pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/1... ^,⁴⁹49 Hsiao JL, Evan EE, Zeltzer LK. Parent and child perspectives on physician communication in pediatric palliative care. Palliat Support Care [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 13];5(4):355-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044413 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804... ^-⁵⁰50 Bartolo PA. Communicating a diagnosis of developmental disability to parents: multiprofessional negotiation frameworks. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2017 Jan 15];28(1):65-71. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11856189 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1185... ⁾ prognósticos⁽²⁴24 Gomes GC, Xavier DM, Mota MS, Salvador MS, Silveira RS, Barlem ELD. Dando notícias difíceis à família da criança em situação grave ou em processo de terminalidade. Rev Enferm UERJ [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2017 Jun 26];22(3):347-52. Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/bde-27990 https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/reso... ^-²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... ^,³⁹39 Muñoz Sastre MT, Sorum PC, Mullet E. Lay people’s and health professionals’views about breaking bad news to children. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 26];40(1):106-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22928950 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2292... ^,⁴⁸48 Meert KL, Eggly S, Pollack M, Anand KJS, Zimmerman J, Carcillo J, et al. Parents’s perspectives on physician-parent communication near the time of a child’s death in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 Jun 25];9(1):2-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477906 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847... ⁾
Mensagem	forma	honesta⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,¹⁷17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ^,³⁴34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27272911 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727... ^,⁴³43 Harnett A, Tierney E, Guerin S. Convention of hope-communicating positive, realistic messages to families at the time of a child’s diagnosis with disabilities. British J Learn Disabil. 2009;37:257-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009.00580.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009... ^,⁴⁷47 Young B, Ward J, Salmon P, Gravenhorst K, Hill J, Eden T. Parents’ experiences of their children’s presence in discussions with physicians about leukemia. Pediatr [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 25];127(5):1230-8. Available from: pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/5/e1230 pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/1... ^-⁴⁸48 Meert KL, Eggly S, Pollack M, Anand KJS, Zimmerman J, Carcillo J, et al. Parents’s perspectives on physician-parent communication near the time of a child’s death in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 Jun 25];9(1):2-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477906 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847... ^,⁵⁰50 Bartolo PA. Communicating a diagnosis of developmental disability to parents: multiprofessional negotiation frameworks. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2017 Jan 15];28(1):65-71. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11856189 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1185... ⁾ empática⁽¹³13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... ^,¹⁵15 Stenmarker M, Hallberg U, Palmérus K, Márky I. Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jun 18];55(3):478-84. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658619 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065... ^,¹⁷17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ^,²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^,³²32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... ^,⁴¹41 Orioles A, Miller VA, Kersun LS, Ingram M, Morrison WE. “To be a phenomenal doctor you have to be the whole package”: physicians’ interpersonal behaviors during difficult conversations in pediatrics. J Palliat Med [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jun 12];16(8):929-33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808643 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2380... ^,⁴⁴44 Mack JW, Wolfe J, Grier HE, Cleary PD, Weeks JC. Communication about prognosis between parents and physicians of children with cancer: parents preferences and the impact of prognostic information. J Clin Oncol [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2017 Jun 26];24(33):5265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17114660 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1711... 45 Havermans T, Tack J, Vertommen A, Proesmans M, de Boeck K. Breaking bad news, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in childhood. J Cyst Fibros [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16];14(4):540-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556... ^-⁴⁶46 Abdelmoktader AM, Abd Elhamed KA. Egyptian mothers’ preferences regarding how physicians break bad news about their child’s disability: A structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Med Ethics [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 16];13:14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747832 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2274... ^,⁴⁸48 Meert KL, Eggly S, Pollack M, Anand KJS, Zimmerman J, Carcillo J, et al. Parents’s perspectives on physician-parent communication near the time of a child’s death in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 Jun 25];9(1):2-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477906 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847... 49 Hsiao JL, Evan EE, Zeltzer LK. Parent and child perspectives on physician communication in pediatric palliative care. Palliat Support Care [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 13];5(4):355-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044413 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804... ^-⁵⁰50 Bartolo PA. Communicating a diagnosis of developmental disability to parents: multiprofessional negotiation frameworks. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2017 Jan 15];28(1):65-71. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11856189 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1185... ⁾ objetiva⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... ^,³²32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... ^,⁴²42 Abbott M, Bernard P, Forge J. Communicating a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder-a qualitative study of parents’ experiences. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatr [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 26];18(3):370-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904114 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2290... ^,⁴⁶46 Abdelmoktader AM, Abd Elhamed KA. Egyptian mothers’ preferences regarding how physicians break bad news about their child’s disability: A structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Med Ethics [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 16];13:14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747832 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2274... ^,⁴⁹49 Hsiao JL, Evan EE, Zeltzer LK. Parent and child perspectives on physician communication in pediatric palliative care. Palliat Support Care [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 13];5(4):355-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044413 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804... ⁾ esperançosa⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^,³⁴34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27272911 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727... ^,⁴³43 Harnett A, Tierney E, Guerin S. Convention of hope-communicating positive, realistic messages to families at the time of a child’s diagnosis with disabilities. British J Learn Disabil. 2009;37:257-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009.00580.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009... ^-⁴⁴44 Mack JW, Wolfe J, Grier HE, Cleary PD, Weeks JC. Communication about prognosis between parents and physicians of children with cancer: parents preferences and the impact of prognostic information. J Clin Oncol [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2017 Jun 26];24(33):5265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17114660 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1711... ^,⁵⁰50 Bartolo PA. Communicating a diagnosis of developmental disability to parents: multiprofessional negotiation frameworks. Child Care Health Dev [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2017 Jan 15];28(1):65-71. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11856189 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1185... ⁾ disponível para continuidade⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ^,¹⁷17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ^,²⁰20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... ^-²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^,⁴¹41 Orioles A, Miller VA, Kersun LS, Ingram M, Morrison WE. “To be a phenomenal doctor you have to be the whole package”: physicians’ interpersonal behaviors during difficult conversations in pediatrics. J Palliat Med [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jun 12];16(8):929-33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808643 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2380... ^,⁴⁸48 Meert KL, Eggly S, Pollack M, Anand KJS, Zimmerman J, Carcillo J, et al. Parents’s perspectives on physician-parent communication near the time of a child’s death in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 Jun 25];9(1):2-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477906 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847... ^-⁴⁹49 Hsiao JL, Evan EE, Zeltzer LK. Parent and child perspectives on physician communication in pediatric palliative care. Palliat Support Care [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 13];5(4):355-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044413 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804... ⁾
Canal		material informativo⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ^,¹⁶16 Finan C, Nasr SZ, Rothwell E, Tarini BA. Primary care providers’experiences notifying parents of cystic fibrosis newborn screening results. Clin Pediatr (Phila) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 16];54(1):67-75. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104730 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510... ^,²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^-²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^,²⁵25 Nzota MS, Matovu JKB, Draper HR, Kisa R, Kiwanuka SN. Determinats and processo f HIV status disclosure to HIV-infected children aged 4 to 17 years receiving HIV care services at Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Centre of Excellence (COE) in Mbeya: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 13];15:81. Available from: https://www.springermedizin.de/determinants-and-processes-of-hiv-status-disclosure-to-hiv-infec/9746990 https://www.springermedizin.de/determina... ^-²⁶26 Heeren GA, Jemmott JB 3rd, Sidloyi L, Ngwane Z. Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to HIV-infected children is South Africa: focus groups for intervention development. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Dec 12];7(1):47-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468145 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2246... ^,³⁰30 Arabiat DH, Alqaissi NM, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Children’s knowledge of cancer diagnosis and treatment: jordanian mothers’ perceptions and satisfaction with the process. Int Nurs Rev [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 13];58(4):443-9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22092322 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209... ^,³⁷37 Waxler JL, Cherniske EM, Dieter K, Herd P, Pober BR. Hearing from parents: the impacto f receiving the diagnosis of Williams syndrome in their child. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 19];161A(3):534-41. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2340... ^,⁴⁵45 Havermans T, Tack J, Vertommen A, Proesmans M, de Boeck K. Breaking bad news, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in childhood. J Cyst Fibros [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16];14(4):540-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556... ⁾ avaliação da quantidade e qualidade do conteúdo e velocidade das informações⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ^,¹⁶16 Finan C, Nasr SZ, Rothwell E, Tarini BA. Primary care providers’experiences notifying parents of cystic fibrosis newborn screening results. Clin Pediatr (Phila) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 16];54(1):67-75. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104730 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510... ^,¹⁸18 Hasnat MJ, Graves P. Disclosure of developmental disability: a study of parent satisfaction and the determinants of satisfaction. J Paediatr Child Health [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan16];36(1):32-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10723688 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1072... 19 Parker TM, Johnston DL. Parental perceptions of being told their child has cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 26];51(4):531-4. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18623217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1862... 20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... ^-²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^,²⁸28 Badarau DO, De Clercq E, Wangmo T, Dragomir M, Miron I, Kühne T, et al. Cancer care in Romania: challenges and pitfalls of children’s and a adolescent’s multifaceted involvement. J Med Ethics [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 13];42(12):757-61. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27697792 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2769... ^,³¹31 Al-Abdi SY, Al-Ali EA, Daheer MH, Al-Saleh YM, Al-Qurashi KH, Al-Aamri MA. Saudi mothers’ preferences about breaking bad news concerning newborns: a structured verbal questionnaire. BMC Medical Ethics [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Dec 13];12:15. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21861876 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2186... ^,³⁶36 Last BF, van Veldhuizen AMH. Information about diagnosis and prognosis related to anxiety and depression in children with cancer aged 8-16 years. EJC. 1996;32(2):290-4. Available from: doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)00576-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(95)005... ^-³⁷37 Waxler JL, Cherniske EM, Dieter K, Herd P, Pober BR. Hearing from parents: the impacto f receiving the diagnosis of Williams syndrome in their child. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 19];161A(3):534-41. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2340... ^,⁴⁰40 Vaz LM, Eng E, Maman S, Tshikandu T, Behets F. Telling children they have HIV: lessons learned from findings of a qualitative study in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS Patients Care STDS [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2018 Jun 12];24(4):247-56. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397899 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2039... 41 Orioles A, Miller VA, Kersun LS, Ingram M, Morrison WE. “To be a phenomenal doctor you have to be the whole package”: physicians’ interpersonal behaviors during difficult conversations in pediatrics. J Palliat Med [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jun 12];16(8):929-33. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808643 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2380... ^-⁴²42 Abbott M, Bernard P, Forge J. Communicating a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder-a qualitative study of parents’ experiences. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatr [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 26];18(3):370-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904114 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2290... ^,⁴⁵45 Havermans T, Tack J, Vertommen A, Proesmans M, de Boeck K. Breaking bad news, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in childhood. J Cyst Fibros [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16];14(4):540-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556... ^,⁴⁸48 Meert KL, Eggly S, Pollack M, Anand KJS, Zimmerman J, Carcillo J, et al. Parents’s perspectives on physician-parent communication near the time of a child’s death in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 Jun 25];9(1):2-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477906 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1847... ⁾
Respostas		sobrecarga de emoções⁽¹⁵15 Stenmarker M, Hallberg U, Palmérus K, Márky I. Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jun 18];55(3):478-84. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658619 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065... ^,²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^,³²32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... ⁾ necessidade de encaminhar os familiares das crianças para outros serviços⁽¹³13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... ^,²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^,⁴⁰40 Vaz LM, Eng E, Maman S, Tshikandu T, Behets F. Telling children they have HIV: lessons learned from findings of a qualitative study in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS Patients Care STDS [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2018 Jun 12];24(4):247-56. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397899 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2039... ⁾	sentimentos negativos⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ^,¹⁸18 Hasnat MJ, Graves P. Disclosure of developmental disability: a study of parent satisfaction and the determinants of satisfaction. J Paediatr Child Health [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan16];36(1):32-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10723688 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1072... ^,²⁰20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... 21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^-²²22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^,³⁷37 Waxler JL, Cherniske EM, Dieter K, Herd P, Pober BR. Hearing from parents: the impacto f receiving the diagnosis of Williams syndrome in their child. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 19];161A(3):534-41. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401422 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2340... ^,⁴²42 Abbott M, Bernard P, Forge J. Communicating a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder-a qualitative study of parents’ experiences. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatr [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 26];18(3):370-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904114 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2290... ^,⁴⁹49 Hsiao JL, Evan EE, Zeltzer LK. Parent and child perspectives on physician communication in pediatric palliative care. Palliat Support Care [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 13];5(4):355-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044413 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804... ⁾ necessidade de privacidade⁽¹⁷17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ⁾ necessidade de apoio⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,¹³13 Gilbey P. Qualitative analysis of parents’ experience with receiving the news of the detection of their child’s hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jul 16];74(3):265-70. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2004... ^-¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ^,¹⁷17 Aein F, Delaram M. Giving bad news: a qualitative research exploration. Iran Red Crescent Med J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jun 16];16(6):e8197. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ^,²¹21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... ^,²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^,³²32 Afonso SBC, Mitre RMA. Noticias difíceis: sentidos atribuídos por familiares de crianças com fibrose cística. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 13];18(9):2605-13. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v18n9/v18n9a15.pdf... ^,⁴²42 Abbott M, Bernard P, Forge J. Communicating a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder-a qualitative study of parents’ experiences. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatr [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 Jan 26];18(3):370-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904114 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2290... ^,⁴⁵45 Havermans T, Tack J, Vertommen A, Proesmans M, de Boeck K. Breaking bad news, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in childhood. J Cyst Fibros [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16];14(4):540-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556... ⁾ buscar outras fontes de informação⁽¹¹11 Afonso SBC, Minayo MCS. Relações entre oncohematopediatras, mães e crianças na comunicação de notícias difíceis. Ciên Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 28];22(1):53-62. Available from: www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-csc-22-01-0053.pdf www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v22n1/1413-8123-cs... ^,¹⁴14 Hill V, Sahhar M, Aitken M, Savarirayan R, Metcalfe S. Experiences at the time of diagnosis of parents who have a child with a bone dysplasia resulting in short stature. Am J Med Genet A [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2018 Jun 15];122A(2):100-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12955760 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295... ^,¹⁶16 Finan C, Nasr SZ, Rothwell E, Tarini BA. Primary care providers’experiences notifying parents of cystic fibrosis newborn screening results. Clin Pediatr (Phila) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 16];54(1):67-75. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104730 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510... ^,²⁰20 Rujumba J1, Mbasaalaki-Mwaka CL, Ndeezi G. Challenges faced by health workers in providing counselling services to HIV-positive children in Uganda: a descriptive study. J Int AIDS Soc [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 22];13:9. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020... 21 Eden OB, Black I, MacKinlay GA, Emery AE. Communication with parents of children with cancer. Palliat Med [Internet]. 1994 [cited 2018 Jul 22];8(2):105-14. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081551 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8081... 22 Ablon J. Parents’ responses to their child’s diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1. Am J Med Genet [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2018 Jan 23];93(2):136-42. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086... ^-²³23 Phuma-Ngaiyaye EE, Dartey AF. Experiences of children living with HIV and AIDS following their diagnosis disclosure in Mzuzu, Malawi. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2015;10(4):357-65. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2015.1083639 https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.10... ^,²⁸28 Badarau DO, De Clercq E, Wangmo T, Dragomir M, Miron I, Kühne T, et al. Cancer care in Romania: challenges and pitfalls of children’s and a adolescent’s multifaceted involvement. J Med Ethics [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 13];42(12):757-61. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27697792 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2769... ^,³⁴34 Jalmsell L, Lövgren M, Kreicbergs U, Henter JI, Frost BM. Children with cancer share their views: tell the truth but leave room for hope. Acta Paediatr [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 16];105(9):1094-9. 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[1] Autor Correspondente: Cristiane Cardoso de Paula E-mail: cristiane.paula@ufsm.br