Public opinion and foreign policy in João Goulart's Brazil (1961-1964): Coherence between national and foreign policy perceptions?

LOUREIRO, FELIPE PEREIRA; GUIMARÃES, FELICIANO DE SÁ; SCHOR, ADRIANA

doi:10.1590/0034-7329201500206

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Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional

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Artigos • Rev. bras. polít. int. 58 (2) • Jul-Dec 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7329201500206 copy

Public opinion and foreign policy in João Goulart's Brazil (1961-1964): Coherence between national and foreign policy perceptions?

Opinião pública e política externa no Brasil de João Goulart (1961-1964): coerência entre percepções de políticas nacional e internacional?

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This paper analyses public opinion during the João Goulart government in Brazil (1961-1964), focusing on public perceptions on domestic and foreign policies. We employ a recently declassified public opinion survey conducted on behalf of United States Information Agency (USIA) in urban areas. We found that the Brazilian public opinion was somewhat coherent, supporting redistributive reforms domestically and a neutralist approach in foreign affairs.

Keywords:
Brazilian Foreign Policy; João Goulart's administration; Public Opinion; Domestic issues in Brazil

Land Reform		Nationalization of Foreign-owned Companies		Tax Reform
General position	1961	1962	1961	1962	1962
Favor	61,0	68,0	16,0	36,0	56,0
Oppose	11,0	8,0	57,0	31,0	16,0
Don't care	-	8,0	-	-	12,0
No opinion	28,0	16,0	27,0	33,0	16,0
Total	100,0	100,0	100,0	100,0	100,0
Type of Compensation*	1961	1962	1961	1962	1962
Full worth	42,6	42,6	31,3	44,4	-
Part worth	34,4	33,8	37,5	36,1	-
Nothing at all	9,8	7,4	18,8	8,3	-
No opinion	13,1	16,2	12,5	11,1	-
Total	100,0	100,0	100,0	100,0	-
Number of interviewers	1.593	1.327	1.593	1.327	1.327

General position	1961	1962	1962	1961	1962
1. Very good opinion	2,0	1,0	2,0	10,0	14,0
2. Good opinion	10,0	7,0	10,0	32,0	36,0
3. Neither good nor bad	16,0	12,0	16,0	20,0	18,0
4. Bad opinion	9,0	25,0	23,0	1,0	3,0
5. Very bad opinion	19,0	20,0	12,0	3,0	1,0
No opinion	25,0	18,0	37,0	34,0	28,0
Not asked*	19,0	17,0	-	-	-
Total	100,0	100,0	100,0	100,0	100,0
Those with opinion**	1961	1962	1962	1961	1962
Good (1-2)	21,4	12,3	19,0	63,6	69,4
Neither good nor bad (3)	28,6	18,5	25,4	30,3	25,0
Bad (4-5)	50,0	69,2	55,6	6,1	5,6
Number of interviewers	1.593	1.327	1.327	1.593	1.327

Brazil should side with	1961	1962
United States	30,0	37,0
Russia	3,0	1,0
Neither	43,0	39,0
No opinion	24,0	23,0
Total	100,0	100,0
Those with opinion*	1961	1962
United States	39,5	48,1
Russia	3,9	1,3
Neither	56,6	50,6
Total	100,0	100,0
Number of interviewers	1.593	1.327

Worst case*		Best case**		1961
Land Reform and Autonomy	0,09	0,18	0,65	0,77
Tax Reform and Autonomy	-	0,00	-	0,46
Nationalization and Autonomy	0,00	0,00	0,00	0,00

Centro de Estudos Globais da Universidade de Brasília Centro de Estudos Globais, Instituto de Relações Internacionais, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília - DF - 70910-900 - Brazil, Tel.: + 55 61 31073651 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: rbpi@unb.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[TFN1] Source: Report, 'The Economic and Political Climate of Opinion', Box 216, NSF, JFKL.

[TFN2] Note: * Among those who favored land reform (61.0% and 68.0% of the total in 1961 and 1962, respectively) or nationalization of foreign-owned companies (16.0% and 36.0% of the total in 1961 and 1962, respectively).