Equine infectious anemia affects the athletic performance of equines from the Brazilian Pantanal region

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of equine infectious anemia (EIA) on the physical performance of equines from the Brazilian Pantanal region. A total of 16 males were evaluated, divided into two groups: 8 seronegative (G1) and 8 seropositive (G2) for EIA. Two graded exercise tests were carried out before (T1) and after (T2) 42 days of training. Heart rate, lactate concentration, distance covered, and hematocrit level were recorded. In both tests, G1 covered a greater distance. In T2, G2 had lower hematocrit levels and lower speeds reached at different lactate concentrations and heart rates. The athletic performance of the evaluated equines is affected by equine infectious anemia.

Index terms:
Brazilian breed; endemic areas; equideoculture; equine infectious anemia; physiology of equine exercise

Authorship

Débora Roque de Freitas Andrade

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos, no 6.627, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. E-mail: droque@live.com, adalgizavetufmg@gmail.com, jessicalage@gmail.com, mariliamartinsmelovet@hotmail.com, jenner@ufmg.brUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos, no 6.627, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. E-mail: droque@live.com, adalgizavetufmg@gmail.com, jessicalage@gmail.com, mariliamartinsmelovet@hotmail.com, jenner@ufmg.br

Adalgiza Souza Carneiro Rezende

Sandra Aparecida Santos

Embrapa Pantanal, Rua 21 de Setembro, no 1.880, Nossa Senhora de Fátima, CEP 79320-900 Corumbá, MS, Brazil. E-mail: sandra.santos@embrapa.br, marcia.furlan@embrapa.brEmbrapa PantanalBrazilCorumbá, MS, BrazilEmbrapa Pantanal, Rua 21 de Setembro, no 1.880, Nossa Senhora de Fátima, CEP 79320-900 Corumbá, MS, Brazil. E-mail: sandra.santos@embrapa.br, marcia.furlan@embrapa.br

Márcia Furlan Nogueira

Juliano Martins Santiago

Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Avenida Gregório Ferraz Nogueira, s/no, José Tomé de Souza Ramos, CEP 56909-535 Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil. E-mail: jmartinssantiago@yahoo.com.brUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoBrazilSerra Talhada, PE, BrazilUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Avenida Gregório Ferraz Nogueira, s/no, José Tomé de Souza Ramos, CEP 56909-535 Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil. E-mail: jmartinssantiago@yahoo.com.br

Jéssica Lage

Marília Martins Melo

Jenner Karlisson Pimenta Reis

Pablo Trigo

Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 118, s/no (1900), Casilla de Correo 296, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. E-mail: ptrigo@fcv.unlp.edu.arUniversidad Nacional de La PlataArgentinaLa Plata, ArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 118, s/no (1900), Casilla de Correo 296, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. E-mail: ptrigo@fcv.unlp.edu.ar

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Tables

Tables (2)

Thumbnail

Table 1.
Values and standard deviations for speed (m s^-1) reached at different blood lactate concentrations and heart rates, as well as distance covered (km), by seronegative (G1) and seropositive (G2) horses for equine infectious anemia during the graded exercise tests before (test 1) and after (test 2) training⁽¹⁾.

Thumbnail

Table 2.
Values and standard deviations for hematocrit (%) in seronegative (G1) and seropositive (G2) horses for equine infectious anemia at 0, 10, 30, and 60 min after tests performed before (T1) and after (T2) training, as well as during resting time⁽¹⁾.

Table 1. Values and standard deviations for speed (m s^-1) reached at different blood lactate concentrations and heart rates, as well as distance covered (km), by seronegative (G1) and seropositive (G2) horses for equine infectious anemia during the graded exercise tests before (test 1) and after (test 2) training⁽¹⁾.

Variable⁽²⁾	Test 1		Test 2
Variable⁽²⁾	G1	G2	G1	G2
	Blood lactate
V2	3.64±0.93a	2.77±1.55a	4.30±0.92a	2.78±0.70b
V3	4.58±0.94a	3.70±1.30a	5.04±0.77a	3.78±0.61b
V4	5.51±1.26a	4.65±1.14a	5.77±0.91a	4.78±0.70b
	Heart rate
V160	5.71±0.73a*	5.40±1.57a	10.30±3.42a*	5.77±1.71b
V180	6.96±0.88a*	6.35±1.92a	12.98±4.58a*	7.05±2.34b
V200	8.20±1.05a*	7.30±2.28a	15.62±5.79a*	8.34±2.98b
Distance covered
Distance covered	6.10±0.70a	4.66±1.72b	6.56±0.72a	4.69±0.85b

⁽¹⁾
Means followed by equal letters, in the same line, do not differ significantly by Fisher’s test for blood lactate concentration and by Tukey’s test for heart rate and distance covered, at 5% probability. ⁽²⁾Blood lactate concentrations: V2, V3, and V4, 2, 3, and 4 mmol L^-1, respectively; and heart rates: V160, V180, and V200, 160, 180, and 200 bpm, respectively. *Significant between test 1 and test 2 by Tukey’s test, at 5% probability.

Table 2. Values and standard deviations for hematocrit (%) in seronegative (G1) and seropositive (G2) horses for equine infectious anemia at 0, 10, 30, and 60 min after tests performed before (T1) and after (T2) training, as well as during resting time⁽¹⁾.

Serology	Hematocrit (%)
Serology	Resting time	0 min	10 min	30 min	60 min
	Test performed before training (T1)
Seronegative (G1)	30.00±3.33Ab	39.12±4.81Aa	33.75±2.48Aab	29.25±3.05Bb	29.12±2.96Ab
Seropositive (G2)	31.00±2.58Ab	38.88±6.76Aa*	35.87±3.35Aab*	32.62±2.40Aab*	30.37±4.28Ab*
	Test performed after training (T2)
Seronegative (G1)	27.38±2.87Ac	42.12±2.53Aa	34.87±3.44Aab	31.00±2.56Abc	30.50±5.92Abc
Seropositive (G2)	30.00±4.34Aab	35.88±4.99Ba*	30.75±2.91Bab*	27.12±3.39Bb*	26.25±2.31Bb*

⁽¹⁾
Means followed by different letters, lowercase in the lines and uppercase in the columns, indicate significant differences between evaluation times and between experimental groups in each physical test, respectively, by Tukey’s test, at 5% probability. *Significant between test 1 and test 2 by Tukey’s test, at 5% probability.

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Equine infectious anemia affects the athletic performance of equines from the Brazilian Pantanal region

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[TFN1] ⁽¹⁾
Means followed by equal letters, in the same line, do not differ significantly by Fisher’s test for blood lactate concentration and by Tukey’s test for heart rate and distance covered, at 5% probability. ⁽²⁾Blood lactate concentrations: V2, V3, and V4, 2, 3, and 4 mmol L^-1, respectively; and heart rates: V160, V180, and V200, 160, 180, and 200 bpm, respectively. *Significant between test 1 and test 2 by Tukey’s test, at 5% probability.