Weed interference in the initial growth of meristem-grown sugarcane plantlets

Paula, Ricardo J. de; Esposti, Clara D.; Toffoli, Carlos R. de; Ferreira, Phelippe S. H.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n9p634-639

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ARTICLE • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 22 (9) • Sept 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n9p634-639 copy

Weed interference in the initial growth of meristem-grown sugarcane plantlets

Interferência de plantas daninhas no crescimento inicial de mudas meristemáticas de cana-de-açúcar

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The use of new systems of sugarcane planting such as Plene^TM, Plene Evolve^TM, Plene PB^TM and AgMusa^TM requires specific studies on the initial interference of weed in the sugarcane crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate initial weed interference in meristem-grown sugarcane plantlets (Plene Evolve^TM). The weed species used were Brachiaria decumbens and Panicum maximum, at four different densities (1, 2, 3 and 4 weed plants pot^-1), plus a control treatment free from weed interference. The statistical design was completely randomized with four replicates per treatment, with an individual study for each weed species. The evaluations performed were: plant height at 45, 60 and 90 days after emergence (DAE), number of sugarcane tillers at 30, 60 and 90 DAE and dry matter of both sugarcane and weed plants at 90 DAE. B. decumbens and P. maximum caused reductions in the initial growth and development of sugarcane. P. maximum was more aggressive to meristem-grown sugarcane plants, during their early development, than B. decumbens.

Key words:
one-eye set; weed competition; weed interference; Brachiaria decumbens; Panicum maximum

Source of variation	Tillering		Height		Cane DM		Weed DM
	(90 DAE)
	MS	F	MS	F	MS	F	MS	F
Density (D)	38.78	8.62**	2.21	0.09^ns	1528.63	24.87**	430.44	13.18**
Weed species (W)	0.90	0.20^ns	0.99	0.33^ns	1.59	0.03^ns	867.23	26.56**
D*W	2.22	0.49^ns	0.49	0.74^ns	20.49	0.33^ns	85.43	2.61^ns

Treatments	Density¹ (plants m^-2)	Number of tillers
Treatments	Density¹ (plants m^-2)	30 DAE	60 DAE		90 DAE
1. One-eye set (OES)	-	9.3 a	14.0 a		12.8 a
2. OES + B. decumbens	1 (3.8)	6.3 a	7.8 b		8.3 ab
3. OES + B. decumbens	2 (7.7)	7.5 a	9.3 ab		8.0 ab
4. OES + B. decumbens	3 (11.5)	8.5 a	10.3 ab		8.8 ab
5. OES + B. decumbens	4 (15.4)	5.8 a	7.3 b		7.8 b
F Treatment		2.59 ^ns	5.20**		3.53*
CV (%)		24.6	24.3		24.2
LSD		4	5.14		4.82
		Stalk height (cm)
1. One-eye set (OES)	-	26.3 a	27.3 a		28.5 a
2. OES + B. decumbens	1 (3.8)	23.3 a	25.3 a		25.8 a
3. OES + B. decumbens	2 (7.7)	24.5 a	25.0 a		24.8 a
4. OES + B. decumbens	3 (11.5)	22.5 a	23.0 a		23.8 a
5. OES + B. decumbens	4 (15.4)	22.5 a	22.3 a		24.3 a
F Treatment		2.23 ^ns	2.35 ^ns		1.48 ^ns
CV (%)		9.0	10.5		12.2
LSD		4.67	5.65		6.76
		Sugarcane dry matter		Weed dry matter
		(g)
1. One-eye set (OES)	-	53.3 a		-
2. OES + B. decumbens	1 (3.8)	30.4 b		14.3 a
3. OES + B. decumbens	2 (7.7)	23.9 b		17.4 a
4. OES + B. decumbens	3 (11.5)	22.8 b		20.5 a
5. OES + B. decumbens	4 (15.4)	19.9 b		28.3 a
F Treatment		15.32**		2.07 ^ns
CV (%)		23.0		41.4
LSD		15.1		17.49

Treatments	Density¹ (plants m^-2)	Number of tillers
Treatments	Density¹ (plants m^-2)	30 DAE	60 DAE		90 DAE
1. One-eye set (OES)	-	9.3 a	14.0 a		12.8 a
2. OES + P. maximum	1 (3.8)	7.0 a	9.8 ab		9.3 ab
3. OES + P. maximum	2 (7.7)	7.5 a	9.5 ab		8.3 b
4. OES + P. maximum	3 (11.5)	4.8 a	7.5 ab		7.3 b
5. OES + P. maximum	4 (15.4)	5.5 a	6.8 b		6.5 b
F Treatment		2.59 ^ns	1.59 ^ns		3.53*
CV (%)		24.6	41.2		31.6
LSD		4	6.11		6.56
		Stalk height (cm)
1. One-eye set (OES)	-	26.3 a	27.3 a		28.5 a
2. OES + P. maximum	1 (3.8)	24.8 ab	26.0 a		27.3 a
3. OES + P. maximum	2 (7.7)	26.0 ab	27.5 a		28.8 a
4. OES + P. maximum	3 (11.5)	22.8 ab	24.0 a		24.8 a
5. OES + P. maximum	4 (15.4)	21.0 b	21.8 a		23.5 a
F Treatment		2.23 ^ns	3.19*		2.54 ^ns
CV (%)		9.0	10.38		12.01
LSD		4.67	5.15		6.64
		Sugarcane dry matter		Weed dry matter
		(g)
1. One-eye set (OES)	-	53.3 a		-
2. OES + P. maximum	1 (3.8)	32.9 b		4.5 a
3. OES + P. maximum	2 (7.7)	28.1 b		10.7 a
4. OES + P. maximum	3 (11.5)	22.3 b		8.0 a
5. OES + P. maximum	4 (15.4)	15.7 b		10.8 a
F Treatment		15.32**		18.87**
CV (%)		23.0		28.4
LSD		15.1		18.92

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[1] claradegli@hotmail.com (Corresponding author)