Emergence and growth of maize submitted to inoculant doses associated with saline water irrigation

Oliveira, Hallyson; Nascimento, Ronaldo do; Nascimento, Elka Costa Santos; Lima, Robson Felipe de; Bezerra, Carlos Vailan de Castro

doi:10.1590/1983-40632020v5066102

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Research Article • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 50 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632020v5066102 copy

Emergence and growth of maize submitted to inoculant doses associated with saline water irrigation

Emergência e crescimento de milho submetido a doses de inoculante associadas a irrigação com água salina

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Salinity, in general, affects the plant growth and development, making it a limiting problem for the agricultural production. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculant doses of Azospirillum brasilense on the emergence and growth of maize submitted to salinity concentrations of the irrigation water. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with a randomized blocks design, in a 3 x 5 factorial [A. brasilense doses (0.0, 0.32 and 0.48 mL/100 seeds) and levels of electrical conductivity of the water (0.3, 0.6, 1.1, 1.7 and 2.3 dS m^-1)], in 4 blocks, totaling 60 experimental units. The emergence percentage, emergence speed index, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf dry mass, stem dry mass, tassel dry mass and root dry mass were evaluated. The treatments between salinity and inoculation had no effect on seedling emergence. The salinity significantly affected growth; however, the number of leaves increased in 12.8 % (V8) and 18.8 % (V10), when comparing the difference between the lowest and highest studied salinity. As for the plant height, there was an increase of 3.7 % up to the threshold salinity of the crop (1.1 dS m^-1). There was an increase in the root dry mass with the application of inoculant doses at each studied salt level.

KEYWORDS:
Zea mays L.; Azospirillum brasilense; water quality

Source of variation	DF	^{________________________________________________________________} Medium squares - Growth ^{________________________________________________________________}
		PH (V8)	PH (V10)	PH (Vt)	SD (V8)	SD (V10)	SD (Vt)	NL (V8)	NL (V10)	NL (Vt)	LA (V8)	LA (V10)	LA (Vt)
		^{________________} cm ^{________________}			^{_______________} mm ^{_______________}			NL (V8)	NL (V10)	NL (Vt)	^{__________________} cm² ^{__________________}
Salinity (S)	4	1.76^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	0.03^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	0.03^ns ns Not significant;	3.10^ns ns Not significant;	2.95^ns ns Not significant;	6.40^ns ns Not significant;	1.98^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	6.04^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	1.14^ns ns Not significant;	28,573.11^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	19,612.58^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	38,307.40^* * significant at 5 % of probability.
Azospirillum (A)	2	0.02^ns ns Not significant;	0.01^ns ns Not significant;	0.01^ns ns Not significant;	1.32^ns ns Not significant;	3.41^ns ns Not significant;	1.51^ns ns Not significant;	1.07^ns ns Not significant;	0.12^ns ns Not significant;	0.87^ns ns Not significant;	786.91^ns ns Not significant;	2,439.88^ns ns Not significant;	3,349.95^ns ns Not significant;
S x A	8	0.08^ns ns Not significant;	0.02^ns ns Not significant;	0.02^ns ns Not significant;	1.44^ns ns Not significant;	1.08^ns ns Not significant;	1.16^ns ns Not significant;	0.61^ns ns Not significant;	0.74^ns ns Not significant;	0.68^ns ns Not significant;	690.40^ns ns Not significant;	741.08^ns ns Not significant;	1,182.34^ns ns Not significant;
Blocks	3	0.41^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	0.11^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	0.09^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	4.95^ns ns Not significant;	1.42^ns ns Not significant;	2.81^ns ns Not significant;	2.60^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	1.64^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	5.88^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	22,078.70^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	1,398.16^ns ns Not significant;	15,046.64^* * significant at 5 % of probability.
CV (%)		25.48	5.50	5.60	6.95	6.87	5.96	8.57	6.21	14.39	5.90	5.95	9.43

Source of variation	DF	^{__________________________________________________} Medium square ^{__________________________________________________}
		LDM	SDM	TDM	RDM
		^{______________________________________________________________} g ^{______________________________________________________________}
Salinity (S)	4	333.32^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	3,469.47^* * significant at 5 % of probability.	0.83^ns ns Not significant;	28,686.15^* * significant at 5 % of probability.
Azospirillum (A)	2	51.77^ns ns Not significant;	1,802.78^ns ns Not significant;	0.10^ns ns Not significant;	3,768.21^* * significant at 5 % of probability.
S x A	8	38.02^ns ns Not significant;	590.07^ns ns Not significant;	0.58^ns ns Not significant;	947.07^* * significant at 5 % of probability.
Blocks	3	21.04^ns ns Not significant;	723.45^ns ns Not significant;	0.68^ns ns Not significant;	124.34^ns ns Not significant;
CV (%)		12.40	27.90	20.05	18.68

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[1] Email/ORCID: hallysonoliveira_@hotmail.com/0000-0001-5272-1254, ronaldon453@gmail.com/0000-0002-5086-8532, elka_costa@hotmail.com/0000-0001-7202-6216, robson_felipe88@hotmail.com/0000-0003-4975-6610, ccastroagro@gmail.com/0000-0003-4940-9213.