Dietary practices in relation to the Dietary guidelines for the brazilian population: associated factors among Brazilian adults, 2018

Gabe, Kamila Tiemann; Jaime, Patricia Constante

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Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 29 (1) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742020000100019 copy

Dietary practices in relation to the Dietary guidelines for the brazilian population: associated factors among Brazilian adults, 2018^* * Article derived from the Master’s thesis entitled ‘Development and validation of a self-administered dietary assessment scale in relation to the recommendations of the Dietary guidelines for the brazilian population’, defended by Kamila Tiemann Gabe in 2018 at the University of São Paulo Faculty of Public Health Postgraduate Program on Nutrition in Public Health. This study received funding via the Ministry of Health (Contract No. 825680/2015) as well as support from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes)/Ministry of Education - Funding Code 001.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

to describe the adequacy of dietary practices in relation to the Dietary guidelines for the brazilian population, and to analyze associated factors among Brazilian adults.

Methods:

this was a cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of 900 adults (18-60 years old) resident in Brazil; a dietary practices scale (24 items; score 0-72) based on the Guideline recommendations was administered using an online panel; multiple linear regression analysis was used.

Results:

participants’ mean age was 33.5 years and 52.0% of them were women; the mean score on the scale was 36.4 points (SD=8.5); scores were directly associated with age (linear trend p<0.001), and were higher among people from the North-Northeast regions (37.8), compared to those from the Midwest-Southern regions (35.8) (T-test p=0.001).

Conclusion:

the adequacy of dietary practices in keeping with Guideline recommendations was associated with age and region of residence.

Keywords:
Food Guide; Nutrition Policy; Nutrition Surveys; Cross-Sectional Studies

Variables	Sample distribution		Adequacy of dietary practices in relation to the Dietary guidelines for the brazilian population
	Sample distribution		Score			>P25		P25 - P75		>P75
	n	%	Mean	SD	P Value^a	N	%	n	%	N	%	P Value^b
Total	900	100.00	36.41	8.53		239	26.56	449	49.89	212	23.56
Sex					0.958^c							0.870
Female	470	52.22	36.43	9.10		123	26.17	233	49.57	114	24.26
Male	430	47.78	36.40	7.86		116	26.98	216	50.23	98	22.79
Age range (in years)					<0.001^d							<0.001
18-29	400	44.44	34.75	8.16		133	33.25	195	48.75	72	18.00
30-39	260	28.89	36.10	8.69		66	25.38	127	48.85	67	25.77
40 and over	240	26.67	38.56	8.42		40	16.67	127	52.92	73	30.42
Economic class					<0.050^d							<0.050
A	88	9.78	37.56	8.74		22	25.00	37	42.05	29	32.95
B1	107	11.89	38.12	9.43		21	19.63	52	48.60	34	31.78
B2	239	26.56	36.92	8.59		57	23.85	121	50.63	61	25.52
C1	216	24.00	35.83	8.50		58	26.85	118	54.63	40	18.52
C2	131	14.56	35.46	8.04		42	32.06	63	48.09	26	19.85
DE	119	13.22	35.13	7.66		39	32.77	58	48.74	22	18.49
Region of origin^e					0.001^c							0.005
Midwest-South	618	68.66	35.80	8.45		184	29.77	295	47.73	139	22.49
North-Northeast	282	31.33	37.80	8.53		55	19.50	154	54.61	73	25.89

Variables	Dietary practices adequacy score in relation to the Dietary guidelines for the brazilian population
	Bivariate analysis^a		Multiple analysis^b		Multiple analysis^c
	β	95%CI^d	β	95%CI^d	β	95%CI^d
Age (in years)
18-29	Ref		ref		Ref
30-39	2.40	0.93;3.55	2.35	1.04;3.63	2.00	0.65;3.36
40 and over	3.81	2.46;5.14	3.93	2.60;5.26	3.54	2.14;4.93
Region of residence^e
Midwest-South	Ref				Ref
North-Northeast	2.02	0.83;3.22	2.21	1.04;3.40	2.41	0.62;2.41
Economic classification
A	Ref				Ref
B1	0.56	-1.83;2.96			0.02	-2.34;2.38
B2	-0.64	-2.72;1.44			-0.89	-2.93;1.15
C1	-1.72	-3.83;0.38			-1.65	-3.72;0.41
C2	-2.10	-4.39;0.20			-2.05	-4.31;0.21
DE	-2.43	-4.78;-0.09			-2.10	-4.48;0.30

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 61 3315-3464, Fax: +55 61 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
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[1] Correspondence: Kamila Tiemann Gabe - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Departamento de Nutrição, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, No. 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postcode: 01246-904. E-mail: ktgabe@usp.br