Doses reduzidas de herbicidas de pós-emergência para controle de papua em soja

Fleck, Nilson G.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83581994000100004

Resumos

Em 1992/93 foram conduzidos dois experimentos a campo em Eldorado do Sul, RS, objetivando avaliar os herbicidas haloxyfop e sethoxydim no controle de papuã (Brachiaria plantaginea) em doses mais reduzidas que as usuais. Haloxyfop foi testado nas doses de 120, 90, 60, 30 e 30 + 30 g/ha. Sethoxydim foi avaliado nas doses de 184, 138, 92, 46 e 46 + 46 g/ha. Os herbicidas foram aspergidos 7 e 14 dias após semeadura da soja nos experimentos 1 e 2 quando as plantas de papuã encontravam-se com 1 a 2 folhas e com 3 a 4 folhas, respectivamente. As doses plenas foram aspergidas 2 semanas mais tarde que as doses reduzidas. Foi possível obter nível aceitável de controle de papuã em alguns tratamentos, em função do produto, da época e do método de aplicação. Aplicações seqüenciais de doses reduzidas de haloxyfop (30 + 30 g/ha) alcançaram controle de 72 e 95%, médias dos experimentos 1 e 2, respectivamente. No experimento 1, níveis de produtivídade de soja equivalentes ao do tratamento capinado só foram obtidos com doses plenas de haloxyfop e sethoxydim. No experimento 2, produtividades equivalentes à do capinado foram alcançadas nas doses plenas dos dois herbicidas e ainda com haloxyfop a 90 g/ha e a 30 + 30 g/ha. A pesquisa evidencia a necessidade do papuã ser totalmente eliminado para ser atingido rendimento máximo de soja.

Aplicações seqüênciais; doses fracionadas; haloxyfop; sethoxydim; interferência de papuã; Brachiaria plantaginea; Glycine max

Two trials were conducted under field conditions during the 1992/93 growing season in Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil, in order to evaluate haloxyfop and sethoxydim herbicides for Alexandergrass (Brachiaria plantaginea) control using rates lower than the usual. Haloxyfop rates tested were 120, 90, 60, 30, and 30 + 30 g/ha. Sethoxydim was evaluated under rates of 184, 138, 92, 46, and 46 + 46 g/ha. Herbicides were sprayed 7 and 14 days after soybean seeding date for experiments 1 and 2, when Alexandergrass plants presented 1 to 2 and 3 to 4 leaves, respectively. Herbicide full rates were applied 2 weeks after the reduced ones. It was possible to attain acceptable level of Alexandergrass control only with a few treatments, these being a function of the compound used, and also of time and method of application. Sequencial applications of reduced rates of haloxyfop (30 + 30 g/ha) achieved control levels of 72 and 95%, as averages for experiments 1 and 2, respectively. For experiment 1, soybean yield levels equivalent to hand hoeing were attained only by the full rates of haloxyfop and sethoxydim. In experiment 2, yields equivalent to the hoeing treatment were achíeved by full rates of both products and also by haloxyfop at 90 g/ha and sequencial applications of 30 + 30 g/ha. The research also attest the necessity of complete elimination of Alexandergrass infestation in order to get maximum soybean yield.

Sequencial applica tions; split rates; haloxyfop; sethoxydim; signalgrass interference; Brachiaria plantaginea; Glycine max

ARTIGO

Doses reduzidas de herbicidas de pós-emergência para controle de papua em soja ¹ 1 Trabalho financiado por CNPq, FAPERS e PROPESPlUFRS

Reduced rates of post-emergence herbicides for alexandergrass control in soybean

Nilson G. Fleck

Engº Agrº, PhD, Prof. Adjunto, Bolsista do CNPq, Dep. Plantas de Lavoura, Fac. de Agronomia, UFRS. Cx. Postal 776, CEP 90001-000, P. Alegre, RS

RESUMO

Em 1992/93 foram conduzidos dois experimentos a campo em Eldorado do Sul, RS, objetivando avaliar os herbicidas haloxyfop e sethoxydim no controle de papuã (Brachiaria plantaginea) em doses mais reduzidas que as usuais. Haloxyfop foi testado nas doses de 120, 90, 60, 30 e 30 + 30 g/ha. Sethoxydim foi avaliado nas doses de 184, 138, 92, 46 e 46 + 46 g/ha. Os herbicidas foram aspergidos 7 e 14 dias após semeadura da soja nos experimentos 1 e 2 quando as plantas de papuã encontravam-se com 1 a 2 folhas e com 3 a 4 folhas, respectivamente. As doses plenas foram aspergidas 2 semanas mais tarde que as doses reduzidas. Foi possível obter nível aceitável de controle de papuã em alguns tratamentos, em função do produto, da época e do método de aplicação. Aplicações seqüenciais de doses reduzidas de haloxyfop (30 + 30 g/ha) alcançaram controle de 72 e 95%, médias dos experimentos 1 e 2, respectivamente. No experimento 1, níveis de produtivídade de soja equivalentes ao do tratamento capinado só foram obtidos com doses plenas de haloxyfop e sethoxydim. No experimento 2, produtividades equivalentes à do capinado foram alcançadas nas doses plenas dos dois herbicidas e ainda com haloxyfop a 90 g/ha e a 30 + 30 g/ha. A pesquisa evidencia a necessidade do papuã ser totalmente eliminado para ser atingido rendimento máximo de soja.

Palavras-chave: Aplicações seqüênciais, doses fracionadas, haloxyfop, sethoxydim, interferência de papuã, Brachiaria plantaginea, Glycine max.

ABSTRACT

Two trials were conducted under field conditions during the 1992/93 growing season in Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil, in order to evaluate haloxyfop and sethoxydim herbicides for Alexandergrass (Brachiaria plantaginea) control using rates lower than the usual. Haloxyfop rates tested were 120, 90, 60, 30, and 30 + 30 g/ha. Sethoxydim was evaluated under rates of 184, 138, 92, 46, and 46 + 46 g/ha. Herbicides were sprayed 7 and 14 days after soybean seeding date for experiments 1 and 2, when Alexandergrass plants presented 1 to 2 and 3 to 4 leaves, respectively. Herbicide full rates were applied 2 weeks after the reduced ones. It was possible to attain acceptable level of Alexandergrass control only with a few treatments, these being a function of the compound used, and also of time and method of application. Sequencial applications of reduced rates of haloxyfop (30 + 30 g/ha) achieved control levels of 72 and 95%, as averages for experiments 1 and 2, respectively. For experiment 1, soybean yield levels equivalent to hand hoeing were attained only by the full rates of haloxyfop and sethoxydim. In experiment 2, yields equivalent to the hoeing treatment were achíeved by full rates of both products and also by haloxyfop at 90 g/ha and sequencial applications of 30 + 30 g/ha. The research also attest the necessity of complete elimination of Alexandergrass infestation in order to get maximum soybean yield.

Additional index words: Sequencial applica tions, split rates, haloxyfop, sethoxydim, signalgrass interference, Brachiaria plantaginea, Glycine max.

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LITERATURA CITADA

Recebido para publicação em 06/10/93 e na forma revisada em 21/12/93.

ALMEIDA, F. S. A alelopatia e as plantas Londrina: IAPAR, 1988.60 p.
ASHTON, F.M.; CRAFTS, A.S. Absorption and translocation of herbicides. In: Mode of action of herbicides 2.ed., New York: John Wiley, 1981. p. 20-39.
BALDWIN, F.L.; BOYD, J.W.; GUY, C.B. Recommended chemicals for weed and brush control Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, 1991. 118 p.(University of Arkansas, Bulletin MP- 44).
BALDWIN, F.L.; OLIVER, L.R. A reduced rate intensive management soybean weed control program. In: SOUTHERN WEED SCIENCE SOCIETY, 38., 1985, Proceedings p.487.
BARRENTINE, W.L. Common cocklebur competition in soybeans. Weed Science, v.22, p.600-602, 1974.
BARRENTINE, W.L. Minimum effective rate of chlorimuron and imazaquin applied to common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium). Weed Technology, v.3, p.126-130, 1989.
CAREY, V.F.; SMITH JR., R.J.; TALBERT, R.E. Reduced and standard herbicide rates for grass control in rice (Oryza saliva). Weed Technology, v.6, p.409-414, 1992.
CHERNICKY, J.P. ; GOSSETT, B.J .; MURPHY, T.R. Factors influencing control of annual grasses with sethoxydim or RO13-8895. Weed Science, v.32, p.174-177, 1984.
DEER, J.F.; MONACO, T.J.; SHEETS, T.J. Response of three annual grasses to fluazifop. Weed Science, v33, p.693-697, 1985.
DEFELICE, M.S.; BROWN, W.B.; ALDRICH, R.J.; SIMS, B.D.; JUDY, D.T.; GUETHLE, D.R. Weed control in soybeans (Glycine max) with reduced rates of postemergence herbicides. Weed Science, v.37, p.365-374, 1989.
DEVLIN, D.L.; LONG, J.H.; MADDUX, L.D. Using reduced rates of postemergence herbicides in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technology, v.5, p.834-840, 1991.
EATON, B.J.; RUSS, O.G.; FELTNER, K.C. Competition of velvetleaf, prickly sida, and venice mallow in soybeans. Weed Science, v.24, p.224-228, 1976.
GARCIA TORRES, L.; FERNANDEZ-QUINTANILLA, C. Comportamiento de los herbicidas en la planta. In: Fundamentos sobre malas hierbas y herbicidas Madrid: Mundi-Prensa, 1991. p.129-157.
GRIFFIN, J.L.; REYNOLDS, D.B.; VIDRINE, P.R.; SAXTON, A.M. Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) control with reduced rates of soil and foliarapplied imazaquin. Weed Technology, v.6, p.847-851, 1992.
HAGOOD JR., E.S. ; BAUMAN, T.T.; WILLIAMS JR., J.L.; SCHREIBER, M.M. Growth ana lys is of soybeans (Glycine max) in competition with velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science, v.28, p.729-734, 1980.
HESS, F.D. Herbicide absorption and translocation and their relationship to plant tolerances and susceptibility. In: DUKE, S.O., ed., Weed physiology Boca Raton: CRC, 1985. v.2, p.191-214.
KING, C.A.; OLIVER, L.R. Application rate and timing of acifluorfen, bentazon, chlorimuron, and imazaquin. Weed Technology, v.6, p.526-534, 1992.
KLINGMAN, T.E.; KING, C.A.; OLIVER, L.R. Effect of applic ation rat e, weed specie s, and weed sta ge of growth on imazethapyr activity. Weed Science, v.40, p.227-232, 1992.
KUDSK, P. Split decisions help weed control in peas. Shell Agriculture, 13: 29-30, 1992.
McWHORTER, C.G.; ANDERSON, J.M. Bentazon applied postemergence for economical control of common cockleb ur in soyb eans. Weed Science, v.24 , p.391- 396, 1976.
MENGARDA, I.P.; FLECK, N.G. Atividade herbicida de compostos difeniléteres aplicados em pós-emergência à cultura da soja. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v.24, p.531-541, 1989.
PEIERS, E.J.; GEBHARDT, M.R.; STRITZKE, J.F. Interrelations of row spacings, cultivations, and herbicides for weed control in soybeans. Weeds, v.13, p.285-289, 1965.
PINTO, J.J.O.; FLECK, N.G. Comportamento de herbicidas utilizados em pós-emergência no controle de plantas daninhas gramíneas em soja. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v.25, p.815-831, 1990.
PROSTKO, E.P.; MEADE, J.A. Reduced rates of postemergence herbicides in conventional soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technology, v.7, p.365-369, 1993.
STECKEL, L.E.; DEFELICE, M.S.; SIMS, B.D. Integrating reduced rates of postemergence herbicides and cultivatíon for broadleaf weed control in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science, v.38, p.541-545, 1990.
WALLACE, R.W.; BELLINDER, R.R. Low-rate applications of herbicides in conventional and reduced tillage potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). Weed Technology, v.4, p.509-513, 1990.
WAX, L.M.; PENDLETON, J.W. Effect of row spacing on weed contro l in soybeans. Weed Science, v.16, p.462-465, 1968.

1

Trabalho financiado por CNPq, FAPERS e PROPESPlUFRS

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
22 Maio 2012
Data do Fascículo
1994

Histórico

Aceito
21 Dez 1993
Recebido
06 Out 1993

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ALMEIDA, F. S. A alelopatia e as plantas Londrina: IAPAR, 1988.60 p.

[2] ASHTON, F.M.; CRAFTS, A.S. Absorption and translocation of herbicides. In: Mode of action of herbicides 2.ed., New York: John Wiley, 1981. p. 20-39.

[3] BALDWIN, F.L.; BOYD, J.W.; GUY, C.B. Recommended chemicals for weed and brush control Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, 1991. 118 p.(University of Arkansas, Bulletin MP- 44).

[4] BALDWIN, F.L.; OLIVER, L.R. A reduced rate intensive management soybean weed control program. In: SOUTHERN WEED SCIENCE SOCIETY, 38., 1985, Proceedings p.487.

[5] BARRENTINE, W.L. Common cocklebur competition in soybeans. Weed Science, v.22, p.600-602, 1974.

[6] BARRENTINE, W.L. Minimum effective rate of chlorimuron and imazaquin applied to common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium). Weed Technology, v.3, p.126-130, 1989.

[7] CAREY, V.F.; SMITH JR., R.J.; TALBERT, R.E. Reduced and standard herbicide rates for grass control in rice (Oryza saliva). Weed Technology, v.6, p.409-414, 1992.

[8] CHERNICKY, J.P. ; GOSSETT, B.J .; MURPHY, T.R. Factors influencing control of annual grasses with sethoxydim or RO13-8895. Weed Science, v.32, p.174-177, 1984.

[9] DEER, J.F.; MONACO, T.J.; SHEETS, T.J. Response of three annual grasses to fluazifop. Weed Science, v33, p.693-697, 1985.

[10] DEFELICE, M.S.; BROWN, W.B.; ALDRICH, R.J.; SIMS, B.D.; JUDY, D.T.; GUETHLE, D.R. Weed control in soybeans (Glycine max) with reduced rates of postemergence herbicides. Weed Science, v.37, p.365-374, 1989.

[11] DEVLIN, D.L.; LONG, J.H.; MADDUX, L.D. Using reduced rates of postemergence herbicides in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technology, v.5, p.834-840, 1991.

[12] EATON, B.J.; RUSS, O.G.; FELTNER, K.C. Competition of velvetleaf, prickly sida, and venice mallow in soybeans. Weed Science, v.24, p.224-228, 1976.

[13] GARCIA TORRES, L.; FERNANDEZ-QUINTANILLA, C. Comportamiento de los herbicidas en la planta. In: Fundamentos sobre malas hierbas y herbicidas Madrid: Mundi-Prensa, 1991. p.129-157.

[14] GRIFFIN, J.L.; REYNOLDS, D.B.; VIDRINE, P.R.; SAXTON, A.M. Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) control with reduced rates of soil and foliarapplied imazaquin. Weed Technology, v.6, p.847-851, 1992.

[15] HAGOOD JR., E.S. ; BAUMAN, T.T.; WILLIAMS JR., J.L.; SCHREIBER, M.M. Growth ana lys is of soybeans (Glycine max) in competition with velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science, v.28, p.729-734, 1980.

[16] HESS, F.D. Herbicide absorption and translocation and their relationship to plant tolerances and susceptibility. In: DUKE, S.O., ed., Weed physiology Boca Raton: CRC, 1985. v.2, p.191-214.

[17] KING, C.A.; OLIVER, L.R. Application rate and timing of acifluorfen, bentazon, chlorimuron, and imazaquin. Weed Technology, v.6, p.526-534, 1992.

[18] KLINGMAN, T.E.; KING, C.A.; OLIVER, L.R. Effect of applic ation rat e, weed specie s, and weed sta ge of growth on imazethapyr activity. Weed Science, v.40, p.227-232, 1992.

[19] KUDSK, P. Split decisions help weed control in peas. Shell Agriculture, 13: 29-30, 1992.

[20] McWHORTER, C.G.; ANDERSON, J.M. Bentazon applied postemergence for economical control of common cockleb ur in soyb eans. Weed Science, v.24 , p.391- 396, 1976.

[21] MENGARDA, I.P.; FLECK, N.G. Atividade herbicida de compostos difeniléteres aplicados em pós-emergência à cultura da soja. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v.24, p.531-541, 1989.

[22] PEIERS, E.J.; GEBHARDT, M.R.; STRITZKE, J.F. Interrelations of row spacings, cultivations, and herbicides for weed control in soybeans. Weeds, v.13, p.285-289, 1965.

[23] PINTO, J.J.O.; FLECK, N.G. Comportamento de herbicidas utilizados em pós-emergência no controle de plantas daninhas gramíneas em soja. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v.25, p.815-831, 1990.

[24] PROSTKO, E.P.; MEADE, J.A. Reduced rates of postemergence herbicides in conventional soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technology, v.7, p.365-369, 1993.

[25] STECKEL, L.E.; DEFELICE, M.S.; SIMS, B.D. Integrating reduced rates of postemergence herbicides and cultivatíon for broadleaf weed control in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science, v.38, p.541-545, 1990.

[26] WALLACE, R.W.; BELLINDER, R.R. Low-rate applications of herbicides in conventional and reduced tillage potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). Weed Technology, v.4, p.509-513, 1990.

[27] WAX, L.M.; PENDLETON, J.W. Effect of row spacing on weed contro l in soybeans. Weed Science, v.16, p.462-465, 1968.

Brasil

Brasil

Doses reduzidas de herbicidas de pós-emergência para controle de papua em soja

Reduced rates of post-emergence herbicides for alexandergrass control in soybean

Resumos

Datas de Publicação

Histórico