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Rehabilitation of lexical and semantic communicative impairments: An overview of available approaches

Reabilitação de déficits comunicativos léxico-semânticos: um panorama das abordagens conduzidas

Abstracts

Lexical-semantic impairments are common consequences of acquired neurological damage. However, little is known about the benefits of existing treatment methods for this type of language impairment.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate current research into lexical-semantic interventions for adults with dementia, TBI or stroke.

METHODS:

The PubMed, PsycInfo and SCOPUS databases were searched for studies related to rehabilitation, neurological conditions, communicative and lexical-semantic skills published between 2004 and 2014.

RESULTS:

Twenty-eight of the 453 abstracts found were selected for the review based on the PRISMA method. Most of the studies described treatments for anomia. Semantic tasks were the most commonly used, followed by phonological and gestural strategies. Interventions were individual and involved formal tasks, although the number, frequency and duration of sessions varied between studies.

CONCLUSION:

Although lexical-semantic interventions lead to improvements in language abilities, they are still poorly described in the literature, and must be further investigated in terms of their efficacy, effectiveness and long-term effects.

rehabilitation of speech and language disorders; language therapy anomia; communication


Déficits em processamento comunicativo léxico-semântico podem acompanhar quadros neurológicos. Mas, pouco se sabe do efeito terapêutico de intervenções léxico-semânticas.

OBJETIVO:

Esta revisão sistemática caracterizou estudos com este tipo de intervenção, em pacientes adultos com demência, pós TCE e pós AVC.

MÉTODOS:

Analisaram-se estudos publicados entre 2004 e 2014 nas bases de dados PubMed, PsycInfo e SCOPUS, com descritores dos construtos reabilitação, quadro neurológico adquirido, comunicação e componente léxico-semântico.

RESULTADOS:

Dos 453 estudos encontrados, 28 foram selecionados, seguindo método prisma. Destes, a maioria apresentava terapia para anomia. As técnicas mais empregadas foram de processamento léxico-semântico, seguida pelo fonológico e gestual. Em sua maioria, a intervenção ocorreu na modalidade individual, com uso de tarefas formais, apesar da variabilidade do número, frequência e duração das sessões.

CONCLUSÃO:

Os tratamentos propiciaram melhora no desempenho na avaliação pós-intervenção. No entanto, há limitações da intervenção léxico-semântica, especialmente quanto à descrição teórica das técnicas e faltam estudos de eficácia, de efetividade, e de acompanhamento.

reabilitação dos transtornos da fala e da linguagem; terapia da linguagem; anomia; comunicação


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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    Sept 2014

History

  • Received
    02 June 2014
  • Accepted
    02 Aug 2014
Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, Departamento de Neurologia Cognitiva e Envelhecimento R. Vergueiro, 1353 sl.1404 - Ed. Top Towers Offices, Torre Norte, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, CEP 04101-000, Tel.: +55 11 5084-9463 | +55 11 5083-3876 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistadementia@abneuro.org.br | demneuropsy@uol.com.br