Original Article Evaluation of characteristics of periodontal probes Kovalik, Ana Cristina Girardi, Alessandra Carla Sousa Vendrami, Naiara Santos, Fábio André dos Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to evaluate the millimeter distances and active tip diameters of different periodontal probes. Methods Two types of periodontal probes were analyzed (North Carolina (15-UNC) and PCP-12). Two manufacturers were selected for each probe type. Digital images of the probes were obtained and the distances were measured using a software program. The diameter of the active tip was measured using a digital caliper. Both variables were measured by two trained and calibrated examiners. The data were analyzed using the Bland-Altman method and two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results A comparison of measurements between the 15-UNC and PCP-12 probes showed a significant difference in all millimeter markings. The 15-UNC probe showed differences between the 3 and 12 mm markings. The PCP-12 probe only showed differences between the marks at the 12 mm mark. The 15-UNC probe had a similar active tip diameter between the two manufacturers. The PCP-12 probe showed a significant difference between the two manufacturers. Both types of probes had similar active tip diameters when compared by the two manufacturers. Conclusion There was no standardization in relation to millimeter marks and tip diameters of the two types of periodontal probes produced by the two different manufacturers. The probe types exhibited little variability. |
Original Article Effect of clinical and laboratory techniques of cementation on the assessment of marginal and internal fit of prosthetic elements Pinto, Carolina Chaves Silva, Leonardo André Lins da Licurci, Cristiana Almeida de Assis Canabarro, Antonio Abstract in English: Aim The aim of this in vitro study was to compare machine and manual cementation of prosthetic elements by measuring internal and marginal fits. Methods Eighteen anatomic prefabricated abutments were used to manufacture zirconia copings in the Ceramill (n=9) and Lava systems (n=9). The copings were cemented with a fluid consistency addition silicone using a machine (n=18) and manually (n=18) according to the replica technique. They were then cut in the buccal-palatal and mesial-distal directions. The film thickness was photographed using an optical microscope and measured in the internal and marginal regions. The data collected were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test (∂=.05). The Bland-Altman test was performed to evaluate the agreement between the methods. Results In the evaluation of the internal and marginal misfits, the mean values observed for the cementation performed with the aid of a machine and manually, were as follows: angular regions, 76.7 µm and 76.2 µm; linear regions, 60.6 µm and 60.7 µm; incisal region, 144.8 µm and 145.2 µm; marginal region, 40.1 µm and 40.2 µm; and overall mean, 80.4 µm and 80.6 µm, respectively. No significant differences were found between the 2 methods, for any of regions and systems (P>.05). The Bland-Altman test showed agreement between the methods (P>.05) and that the limits of agreement found were clinically acceptable. Conclusions Within the limitations of this in vitro study, we can conclude that cementation using manual techniques or mechanical aid produces the same cement films. |
Original Article Color and surface roughness alterations of bulk-fill resin composites submitted to simulated toothbrushing with whitening dentifrices Charamba, Caroline de Farias Costa, Mariana Melani Alexandrino Lima, Renally Bezerra Wanderley e Duarte, Rosângela Marques Montes, Marcos Antonio Japiassú Rezende Batista, André Ulisses Dantas Andrade, Ana Karina Maciel Abstract in English: Aim To evaluate the surface roughness and color stability of bulk-fill resin composites after simulated toothbrushing with whitening dentifrices. The radioactive/relative dentin abrasion (RDA) and radioactive/relative enamel abrasion (REA) of dentifrices were also assessed. Methods Specimens (n=10) of Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill (TNCB), Filtek One Bulk Fill (FOB) resin composites, and Z100(Control) were prepared using a cylindrical Teflon matrix. Surface roughness (Ra, μm) was assessed by a roughness meter and the color evaluations (ΔEab, ΔE00, WID) were performed using a digital spectrophotometer based on the CIELAB system. Three measurements were performed per sample, before and after simulated toothbrushing with 3D Oral-B White Perfection (3DW) and Black is White (BW) dentifrices. The abrasivity (REA and RDA values) of the used dentifrices was also determined by the Hefferren abrasivity test. Results The Ra values increased significantly in all resin composites after 3DW and BW toothbrushing. The acceptable threshold color varied among resin composites, and TNCB and Z100 presented the highest ΔEab and ΔE00 for BW dentifrice. The 3DW dentifrice was significantly more abrasive than BW dentifrice on enamel and dentin. Conclusions simulated toothbrushing with tested whitening dentifrices increased the surface roughness at acceptable levels. The Tetric N Ceram Bulk-fill and Z100 composite showed the highest color alteration in BW. 3D White Perfection dentifrice was more abrasive on dentin and enamel than Black is White. |
Original Article Combination of phototherapy for treatment of labial necrotizing lesion: case report Domingues, Elaine Aparecida Rocha Silva, Lana Luiza da Cruz Dourado, Marcelly Silva Argôlo, Cintia Teles de Abstract in English: Lip necrotizing lesions are painful, complex to heal, and negatively impact the patient’s orofacial condition. The present study reports a clinical case of a necrotizing lesion on the lower lip in a 38-year-old male patient, previously healthy, five days after receiving the first dose of the SARS-COV-2 vaccine, with an initial diagnosis of labial herpes zoster, with secondary infection and unsatisfactory response to clinical treatment. After debridement of the necrotic tissue, followed by a combination of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and hydrofiber dressing with silver, the patient evolved with complete healing of the lip lesion and satisfactory restoration of orofacial functions after 7 days. According to the present case report, this combination of phototherapy modalities suggests to be a promising tool for the treatment of necrotizing labial lesions. |
Original Article The effect of aging on the accuracy of marginal adaptation and fracture resistance of CAD/CAM PEEK single crown restoration Almabadi, Afaf A. Abstract in English: Aim In recent years, great advances have been made in the use of CAD/CAM to prepare fixed restorations. The marginal and internal fit of these restorations is a principal determinant for their clinical success. In addition, the nature of the oral environment affects the mechanical properties of these restorations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of aging process under conditions that simulate the oral environment on the marginal adaptation, and, fracture resistance of crowns fabricated from polyether ether ketone (PEEK) using CAD/CAM methods. Methods Twenty identical crown restorations were fabricated by using CAD/CAM methods to mill polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material. These crowns were produced by using a software design of an epoxy resin replica of the prepared maxillary first premolar tooth. All PEEK crowns were cemented and randomly divided into two equal groups (A, B). Each group was divided into subgroups (A1, A2 and B1, B2). Group A1 and A2 were used to measure marginal adaptation and fracture resistance, respectively, before aging, while group (B1 and B2) were measured after aging. The cemented crowns were mounted in resin molds to facilitate the sectioning process. The measurements of the marginal gap were performed after sectioning at four points using a stereomicroscope. The fracture resistance of the crowns was investigated using a universal testing machine. A statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism® software version and unpaired Student’s t-test. Results The results revealed that aging affected the marginal gap, and the fracture resistance of the PEEK crowns. While aging, negatively affected the conditions under investigation, however the least significant difference of marginal gap was found in the margin region. Conclusions PEEK-CAD/CAM is considered as a good alternative prosthodontic material for fixed prostheses. The CAD/CAM technique used to make PEEK crown restorations in our study offers the advantages of high marginal accuracy and fracture resistance for long-term performance in the oral environment. |
Original Article 3D radiotherapy in the parotid gland and its dosimetric relationship with salivary flow and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer Aguiar, Ana Waleska Pessôa Barros de Lins, Luiz André Nadler Fonte, Ana Luíza Fassizoli da Albuquerque, Raylane Farias de Leão, Jair Carneiro Silva, Igor Henrique Morais Abstract in English: Aim Hyposalivation and dry mouth affect the quality of life in patients with Head and Neck Cancer, who did the treatment with radiotherapy. Thus this study has the objective to evaluate the dosimetric relationship between 3D radiotherapy and changes in salivary flow, xerostomia and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer according to the volume of the irradiated parotid gland. Methods 23 patients with cancer in the head and neck area and in need of 3D radiotherapy were followed up during radiotherapy treatment, and the parotid gland (PG) design was also performed in radiotherapy planning. Questionnaires were carried out to determine xerostomia and quality of life, while the salivary flow was determined through calculations regarding the collection and weighing of saliva. Such data were collected in three moments: before the beginning of the radiotherapy treatment (D0), in the middle of the treatment (D1) and at the end of it (D2). The numerical variables are represented by measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion. Results when associating the salivary flow, the xerostomia questionnaire and the OHIP-14, a statistically significant difference was found (p-value <0.001), as well as when comparing some volumes of irradiated PG with the OHIP-14. However, no relationship was found between dosimetric data, xerostomia and hyposalivation. Conclusion patients undergoing 3D radiotherapy for malignant neoplasms in the head and neck region had decreased salivary flow, increased complaints of dry mouth and decreased quality of life. However, it was not possible to establish a statistically significant correlation between these findings and the volumes of irradiated parotids. |
Original Article Can oral health have an impact on academic performance and school absenteeism? A systematic review and meta-analysis Karam, Sarah Arangurem Costa, Francine dos Santos Chisini, Luiz Alexandre Darley, Rodrigo Demarco, Flávio Fernando Correa, Marcos Britto Abstract in English: Aim The study aimed to evaluate the association between oral health and academic performance and/or school absenteeism. Methods Electronic searches were performed of the PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS and LILACS/BVS databases. We included observational studies that evaluated the association between dental caries, tooth loss, dental pain or oral health status with school absenteeism or academic performance. The studies had to contain a representative sample of the population: schoolchildren, children or adolescents. After the removal of duplicates, the electronic searches produced 3,789 articles. Of these, 25 studies were included in the systematic review and 13 in the meta-analysis. Results Considering all the studies evaluated in the meta-analysis, seven articles satisfied 100% of the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal checklist, and six contained between 90% and 75% positive answers. The pooled effects showed that the chances of school absenteeism were 31% higher in subjects with dental caries (OR 1.31; 95%CI 1.12-1.54). Students with fair/poor dental health had a 50% higher chance of suffering poor academic performance (OR 1.50; 95%CI 1.22-1.84) and 34% higher chance of having problems at school (OR 1.34; 95%CI 1.06-1.70). Students with a history of toothache had a 3.7 higher chance of being absent from school (OR 6.65; 95%CI 1.60-8.32) and 71% higher chance of missing class due to toothache (OR 1.71; 95%CI 1.15-2.56). Subjects with a history of toothache had a 2.5 times higher chance of suffering poor academic performance (OR 2.58; 95% CI 2.04-3.27). Conclusion Therefore, students with oral problems were more likely to take time off school and present inferior academic performance. |
Original Article Human venous blood derivatives as fetal bovine serum substitute for fibroblast culture cells in a fibrin construct Chisini, Luiz Alexandre Conde, Marcus Cristian Muniz Karam, Sarah Arangurem Carvalho, Rodrigo Varella de Tarquinio, Sandra Beatriz Chaves Demarco, Flávio Fernando Abstract in English: Aim Venous blood derivatives (VBDs) have been suggested as substitutes for Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) to improve the clinical transition of cell-based therapies. The literature is not clear about which is the best VBDs substitute. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of VBDs on cell viability and describe a new method to seed these cells in a 3D Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF). Methods Blood was processed to obtain Platelet-Poor Plasma from PRF (P-PRF), Human Serum (HS), Platelet-Poor Plasma from PRP (P-PRP), activated-PRP (a-PRP), and Platelet lysate (PL). Cells were supplemented with each VBD at 10% and FBS at 10% was the control. Cell viability (fibroblast 3T3/NIH) test was evaluated with MTT assay in two ways: i) cell-seeded and expanded with VBD; ii) cell-seed with FBS and expanded with VBD. To seed the Fibrin construct, cells were suspended in PBS and dropped into the blood sample before performing Choukroun’s protocol for PRF. Constructs were cultured for 7 days in VBD supplements and FBS. Histological and Immunohistochemical analysis with vimentin was performed. Cell viability was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Results VBD’s production time was very heterogeneous. Cells expanded in HS and a-PRP has grown faster. VBD-supplemented culture media provided cell culture highly sensible to trypsin/EDTA 0.25%. Cells seeded and expanded with VBD presented viability comparable to FBS in HS, a-PRP, and P-PRP (p>0.05) and lower in P-PRF and PL groups (p<0.05). The viability of cell seed with FBS and expanded with VBD was similar between P-PRF, a-PRP, PL, and FBS (p>0.05) and lower in HS and P-PRP (p<0.005). PRF-seeded cells showed a positive expression of vimentin and were able to maintain all cells supplemented with VBD. Conclusion VBD supplements were able to maintain fibroblast cells in 2D and 3D cultures. The new method of the fibrin-cell construct was efficient to insert the cells into the fibrin network. |
Original Article Demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft with/without i-Platelet-rich fibrin in 3 wall intrabony defects Mathew, Rinnu Bhatsange, Anuradha Abstract in English: Demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) contains bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), hence is osteoinductive. Autologous platelet concentrates exhibit a higher quantity of growth factors. Both these biomaterials aid in bone regeneration when placed in three-wall intrabony defects. However, their efficacy when used alone and in conjugation is not clear. Aim To assess clinical and radiographic efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) with microsurgical access flap in the treatment of three-wall intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients. Methods Thirty sites with three-wall intrabony defects were randomly assigned to control and test group by computer generated method. The test group obtained i-PRF mixed with DFDBA while the control group received only DFDBA. Clinical parameters such as site-specific Plaque index (PI), Radiographic intrabony defect depth (IBDD), modified-Sulcular bleeding index (mSBI), Clinical attachment level (CAL), and Probing pocket depth (PPD) were measured at baseline, three and six months. Results Intragroup comparison within the control group and test group exhibited statistically highly significant variation of mean PI, mSBI, PPD, CAL, and IBDD score from baseline to 3 months and from 3-6 months (p<0.001). However, intergroup comparison demonstrated no statistically significant variation of mean IBDD at all 3 intervals (p>0.05). Conclusion i-PRF combined with DFDBA enhanced the radiographic and clinical parameters as opposed to DFDBA alone. The role of i-PRF is promising in its capacity for easy obtainability and increased potential to aid in regeneration. |
Original Article Effect of various educational methods on increasing parents’ awareness of their children’s preventive orthodontic treatments Jahanbin, Amin Haghifar, Monireh Shahamfar, Mohamadreza Abstract in English: Aim Like other fields of health, the main focus in dentistry has shifted from treatment to prevention of diseases. Parents have a vital role in deciding about their children’s oral health issues. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of four educational methods (including printed pamphlets, digital pamphlets, face-to-face education, and educational films) in increasing the awareness of parents about preventive orthodontic treatments. Methods The study samples were selected from patients who were referred to the Pediatric Dentistry Department. 150 parents of children between 4-12 years old participated in the study. They filled out a questionnaire including demographic data and knowledge about orthodontic problems and their early treatments. Then they were divided into five groups (control, printed pamphlet, digital pamphlet, face-to-face, educational films) and after one month they repeated the test. Results A total of 102 fathers and 48 mothers were evaluated. There was no statistical difference between different ages, sex, or income in terms of their awareness, but the awareness score between educational groups was different. There has been observed a significant increase in the awareness level of all four groups (except the control group) (P < 0.05). The highest score was seen in the video group. The difference between printed pamphlets and digital pamphlets was not significant. Conclusions The results indicate that educational films are the most effective way of increasing awareness about preventive orthodontic treatments. |
Original Article Assessment of bulk-fill of resins microhardness longitudinal Araújo, Fernanda Santos Takeshita, Wilton Mitsunari Amaral, Regiane Cristina do Mendonça, Adriano Augusto Melo de Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to assess the polymerization effectiveness of bulk-fill composite resins in longitudinal microhardness. Methods Blocks of bulk-fill composite resin with thicknesses of 6 mm were analyzed with Vickers microhardness. The resin blocks were divided into two groups (n=6): resin AURA and OPUS. The microhardness test was performed before (base and top) and after (longitudinal microhardness) sectioning the blocks at distances of 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm from the top of the block. The mean microhardness values were tabulated and subjected to ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Results The OPUS bulk-fill resin samples presented microhardness means of 55.9 kgf/mm2, 53.7 kgf/mm2, and 49.3 kgf/mm2, the AURA bulk-fill resin samples presented microhardness means of 57,02 kgf/mm2, 55,86 kgf/mm2 e 51,77 kgf/mm2 for the distances of 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm, respectively. Tukey’s statistical test showed a significant difference in microhardness values at different distances of 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm (p<0.001) for each resin. Although there was a statistically significant difference within and between the groups assessed, all samples showed polymerization effectiveness when comparing the top and base of the block. Conclusion Polymerization was effective in different thicknesses (2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm) in both resins studied. The microhardness ratio was adequate when comparing the base and top. |
Original Article Impact of COVID-19 on theoretical knowledge and clinical practice in dentistry of Piracicaba Dental School students: a cross-sectional study Linarelli, Jéssica Cristine Anjos, Hemanuelly Albuquerque dos Lima, Débora Alves Nunes Leite Abstract in English: Aim To assess the opinion of the students on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on theoretical knowledge and clinical practice in dentistry at the Piracicaba Dental School – FOP/UNICAMP. Methods A questionnaire was applied using the Google Forms platform, containing 20 questions related to the impacts of the pandemic on knowledge, mental health, and clinical and laboratory practice of dentistry. The satisfaction of the students with teaching was also evaluated. A total of 120 questionnaires were analyzed using R software, through tables and graphs of absolute and relative frequencies distribution. Results COVID-19 affected the lives of 99% students who participated in the study. Due to distance learning resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, 50% of the students considered locking or dropping out of college. Operative dentistry was the curricular component most affected by distance and lack of clinical practice. Although most students agreed that the workload of practical disciplines was or would be replaced, 95% felt some kind of deficit in clinical and laboratory practice even with the replacement of the workload. In addition, 93.3% of the students were afraid of not becoming a qualified professional due to the deficiencies on theoretical knowledge and clinical practice caused by the pandemic. Conclusions Students showed dissatisfaction with the deficiency of clinical and laboratory practice resulting from the pandemic in operative dentistry curricular component. They reported fear and insecurity with their future professional lives. The indication of remote classes for dentistry should only be carried out in emergencies because this is an essentially practical course that suffers losses in learning. |
Original Article Color variation of composite resins in relation to the Vita Classical shade guide: colorimetric analysis Denadai, João Vitor Andrade Zimmer, Roberto Reston, Eduardo Galia Arossi, Guilherme Anziliero Abstract in English: Aim The aim of this study was to verify the color variation between different composite resins and the Vita Classical Shade Guide. Methods Two-millimeter thickness samples were made (n = 6) from eight commercial brands of composite resin (shade A2): Charisma (Kulzer), Forma (Ultradent), Harmonize (Kerr), Luna (SDI), Opallis (FGM), Oppus Bulk Fill (FGM), Vittra (FGM) and Filtek Z250 XT (3M ESPE). Specimens were stored in distilled water for 7 days and then polished. Color measurements of samples and A2 shade of the Vita Classical Shade Guide were performed using the Vita Easy Shade Advance 4.0 spectrophotometer on a black background. Color variations were calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula, considering values ≥0.81 being noticeable by the human eye and ≥1.77 being clinically unacceptable. Results were statistically analyzed with a 5% significance level. Results Color variation (ΔE) of composite (E1) compared to the Vita Classical Shade Guide (E0) was greater than clinically acceptable for all the materials evaluated in this study. Forma (ΔE=2.08 ± sd=0.47) and Filtek Z250 XT (2.50 ± 0.20) had the smallest amount of color variation values found in the results. Harmonize (3.32 ± 0.63) presented values similar to Filtek Z250 XT, but it was worse than Forma. Vittra (3.51 ± 0.28), Charisma (3.80 ± 0.20), Opallis (4.24 ± 0.30) and Luna (5.67 ± 0.20) did not differ among each other and presented higher color variation than Forma, Filtek Z350XT and Harmonize. Oppus Bulk Fill (13.94 ± 1.12) was the composite with the greatest color variation. Conclusions The findings in this study show that attention should be taken when using the Vita Color Shade Guide for composite shade selection. |
Original Article ENAM gene polymorphisms associated with dental anomalies in individuals with cleft lip and palate Oliveira, Fernanda Veronese de Santos, Carlos Ferreira dos Dionísio, Thiago José Neves, Lucimara Teixeira das Dalben, Gisele da Silva Ambrosio, Eloá Cristina Passucci Jorge, Paula Karine Machado, Maria Aparecida Andrade Moreira Oliveira, Thais Marchini Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of enamelin gene (ENAM) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and ENAM polymorphism association with dental anomalies (DA) in individuals with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP). Methods Saliva samples were collected from 147 individuals aged between 6 and 15 years-old, both genders, and divided into 4 groups: Group 1 (G1) - CLP and DA; Group 2 (G2) - CLP without DA; Group 3 (G3) - without CLP with DA; Group 4 (G4) - without CLP and DA. The genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples and the following ENAM SNPs markers were genotyped: rs3796703, rs3796704, rs3796705, rs7671281, rs2609428, and rs35951442. Fisher exact and Pearson’s Chi-square tests statistically analyzed the results (α=5%). Results Individuals without CLP with DA (Group 3 - 19.2%) showed statistically higher prevalence of SNP rs2609428 heterozygotes (p=0.006) than individuals with CLP and DA (Group 1 - 0%). Individuals without CLP (10%) exhibited statistically higher prevalence of mutated heterozygotes/homozygous (p=0.028) than in individuals with CLP (1.3%). Conclusion SNP rs2609428 marker of ENAM gene may be associated with dental anomalies in individuals without cleft lip and palate. |
Original Article Effect of sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite on the apical sealing ability of endodontic sealers Carlotto, Israel Bangel Brum, Natália Franco Pauletto, Guilherme Rosa, Lucas Saldanha da Bier, Carlos Alexandre Souza Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to compare the influence of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] on the apical sealing capacity of AH Plus (Dentsply Maillefer) and Bio-C Sealer (Angelus) endodontic sealers. Methods Sixty permanent human lower incisors were randomly allocated (http://www.randomized.org), according to the irrigant used, into three groups (n=20): 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl/Control); 2.5% NaOCl; and 2.5% Ca(OCl)2. The root canal was prepared with rotary files under 10 mL of the solution corresponding to the experimental group. Each group was subdivided into two (n=10) according to the sealer used for filling: AH Plus (Dentsply Maillefer) or Bio-C Sealer (Angelus). Then, all samples were immersed in black India ink for one week. After the storage period, the roots were then grooved longitudinally and split, and the ink penetration was measured from the apical part to the coronal part of the root canal into which the ink penetrated using a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests. Results There was no statistical difference in ink penetration between the different endodontic sealers tested for the same irrigating solution (p > 0.05). However, when the Bio-C Sealer (Angelus) was used, the group treated with 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 was associated with lower values of apical leakage, compared to 2.5% NaOCl (p < 0.05). For the AH Plus sealer (Dentsply Maillefer), there was no difference between the irrigants (p > 0.05). Conclusions Associating Ca(OCl)2 irrigant with Bio-C Sealer (Angelus) seems to be a good option to reduce apical leakage. |
Original Article Microbiological profile and antibiotic sensitivity of maxillofacial infections in an emergency hospital Paula, Laiz Moreira de Zancopé, Eduardo Abstract in English: Aim To investigate the bacteriological profile of oral and maxillofacial infections and the pattern of sensitivity to a specific group of antibiotics in a reference emergency hospital in Brazil. Methods This is a prospective cohort institutional study that studied patients affected by oral and/or maxillofacial infections in a Brazilian emergency hospital, over a 12-month period, of different etiologies, through data collection, culture and antibiogram tests, and monitoring of the process of resolution of the infectious condition. The variables were analyzed using the chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, using a significance level of 5%. Results The sample consisted of 61 patients, 62.3% male. The mean age of participants was 34.3 years. Odontogenic infection was the most frequent etiology and the submandibular space was the most affected. The bacterial species Streptococcus viridans was isolated in 21.6% of cases. Levofloxacin, vancomycin and penicillin were the antibiotics with the highest frequency of bacterial sensitivity, while clindamycin and erythromycin showed the highest percentages of resistance. Conclusions The results suggest that, among the most used antibiotics for the treatment of these infections, penicillin remains an excellent option of choice for empirical therapy. |
Original Article Influence of notebook computers screens and undergraduate level of dental students in the radiographic detection of carious lesions Fernandes, Rafaela Ramos Bonadiman, Eduarda Alberti Pereira, Teresa Cristina Rangel Daroz, Claudia Batitucci dos Santos de-Azevedo-Vaz, Sergio Lins Abstract in English: Aim To evaluate the influence of notebook computers screens and undergraduate level of dental students in the radiographic detection of carious lesions. Methods Bitewing digital radiographs were presented to 3rd and 5th year dental students in three different notebooks computers: Notebook 1 with anti-glare screen (1366×768 pixels), Notebook 2 without anti-glare screen (1366×768 pixels), and Notebook 3 with anti-glare screen (1920×1080 pixels). A reference standard based on a consensus analysis was set by three senior professors of Oral Radiology and Cariology. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were measured and submitted to two-way ANOVA at a significance level of 5%. Results Notebook 2 provided significantly lower sensitivity values (Mean 56.5% ± 2.94) than notebook 3 (71.1% ± 2.82) (p = 0.002). We found no statistically significant differences between the two undergraduate years (p > 0.05). Conclusion The anti-glare screen of notebook computers screens can influence the radiographic detection of carious lesions, but the undergraduate level of dental students does not influence this diagnostic task. |
Original Article Self-perception of need to replace dentures and oral health-related quality of life: cross-sectional study nested in a Cohort in Southern Brazil Serpa, Stéffani Karam, Sarah Arangurem Schuch, Helena Silveira Bielemann, Renata Teixeira Demarco, Flávio Fernando Cademartori, Mariana Gonzalez Abstract in English: Aim With the significant increase in life expectancy over the last decades, it is important to understand how oral health can impact the oral health-related quality of life of older adults. This study aimed to investigate the association between need to replace dentures and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults belonging to a Cohort in southern Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with data from the 2019 Pelotas Elderly Cohort. The OHRQoL was assessed using the GOHAI. Need to replace dentures was self-report using a question dichotomized into yes/no. In the statistical analysis, unadjusted and adjusted models estimate from linear regression models were calculated. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results A total of 493 older adults were included. On the GOHAI questionnaire, the mean score was 32.74 (SD±0.16). Individuals considering need of prosthesis replacement were 47.89%. Report of need to replace dentures was associated to lowest mean on the GOHAI score (β -1.14; 95%CI - 1.80; -0.478, and on the physical (β -0.56; 95%CI - 0.94 -0.17) and psychosocial (β -0.48; 95%CI - 0.74; -0.22) dimensions. Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of also considering subjective measures of oral health in the dental care of older adults, since reporting the need for denture replacement, regardless of the reason, was associated with a worse oral health-related quality of life, including physical and psychosocial aspects. |
Original Article Does the combination of whitening toothpaste and hydrogen peroxide bleaching increase the surface roughness and change the morphology of a nanofilled composite? Tenório, Cecília Pereira da Silva Braga Kury, Matheus Mota, Geyse Maria dos Santos Muniz Turssi, Cecília Pedroso Amaral, Flávia Lucisano Botelho do Cavalli, Vanessa Abstract in English: Aim To evaluate changes in the surface roughness and morphology of a nanofilled composite following toothbrushing with a whitening (WT) or regular toothpaste (RT), alone or combined with 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching (HP). Methods Seventy disc-shaped nanofilled composite (Filtek Z350XT) specimens were randomly divided into groups (n=10): WT, RT, TB (without toothpaste – control) or the combinations WT/HP, RT/HP, TB/HP and HP. All groups underwent toothbrushing simulation (60,000 cycles) and bleaching treatment (4 sessions). Mean surface roughness (Ra, μm) was measured before (T0) and after treatments (TB). Surface morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at TB. Mean Ra was analyzed using general mixed models and multiple comparisons by the Tukey-Kramer test (α=5%). Results HP caused no surface roughness changes on the nanofilled composite after treatment (p>0.05). RT toothbrushing, combined or not with HP, increased the surface roughness (p<0.05). WT and WT/HP protocols had no effect on the surface roughness of the composite (p>0.05). The nanofilled composite submitted to RT toothbrushing combined with HP (RT/HP) presented substantial surface alterations under SEM, showing deep depressions and round-shaped defects. Toothbrushing with RT combined with the bleaching agent increased exposure of the inorganic fillers. Conclusion WT toothbrushing, regardless of HP combination, or the single HP protocol had no effect on the surface roughness of the nanofilled composite. However, RT combined with HP negatively affected surface roughness and presented the most noticeable surface changes among groups. |
Original Article Comparison between the ion-specific electrode and SPADNS methods for analysis of fluoride concentration in the water supply Uchida, Tânia Harumi Cury, Jaime Aparecido Tabchoury, Cinthia Pereira Machado Lima, Cacilda Castelo Branco Fujimaki, Mitsue Abstract in English: The maintenance of adequate fluoride (F) concentration in the public water supply is fundamental for ensuring that the community use of F can reach the maximum benefit for caries control and minimum risk for dental fluorosis. Thus, surveillance systems must use accurate and valid analytical methods to determine F concentration and, according to the literature, give preference to the ion-specific electrode (F- ISE) analysis. Aim The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of the ISE and SPADNS methods in the determination of the F concentration in the same water sample. Methods Duplicate water samples were taken from 30 sampling sites in the municipality of Maringá, state of Paraná, monthly for 12 months, totaling 276 samples. An aliquot was analyzed by the FOP-UNICAMP Oral Biochemistry laboratory, using the F- ISE method, and the other one, by the SANEPAR laboratory in Maringá/PR, using the SPADNS method. Descriptive analysis and Pearson’s correlation test were applied, with a significant level of p<0.05. Results Results were expressed as ppm F (mg F/L), and a very strong positive correlation (r= 0.91; p<0.001) was detected between the two methods of analysis. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the determination of fluoride concentration in water can be made with accuracy by the SPADNS method, a standardized analysis protocol. |
Original Article Self-perceived oral health: a study with patients wearing removable dentures Corrêa, Solange Schroeder Martinello, Poliana Alexandra Carneiro, Dominique Ellen Sánchez-Ayala, Alfonso Campanha, Nara Hellen Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-perceived oral health and the prosthetic status of individuals who seek care in prosthodontics clinics. Methods Self-perceived oral health was analyzed through the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Abutment tooth mobility was assessed, and denture status was determined by clinical assessment of stability, retention, occlusal balance, vertical dimension, and integrity of dentures. The frequency of individuals in each variable was determined for the low and very low GOHAI conditions. Chi-square, Pearson, and stepwise logistic regression tests were used for the statistical analyses (α = 0.05). Results Ninety wearers of removable dentures with a mean age of 55.1±9.1 years were evaluated. None of the variables was related to GOHAI values (p > 0.05). The regression analysis showed that age predicts (p = 0.006) the variation of GOHAI conditions (OR = 0.924, CI = 0.873-0.978), showing only 7.6% protective effect against very low GOHAI. Unsatisfactory stability showed the opposite effect (p = 0.034) and the individuals with this characteristic are more likely (OR = 3.055) to have very low GOHAI scores (CI = 1.085-8.602). Conclusions The self-perceived oral health of wearers of removable dentures worsens with age and unsatisfactory stability of dentures. |
Original Article Relationship between permanent upper anterior teeth and anthropometric facial measures in different populations: a narrative review Longhi, Maria Tereza de Moraes Silva, Rafaella Ugrin de Oliveira Almeida, Sâmara Cafa Silva Esteves, Alessandra Rossi Júnior, Wagner Costa Figueiredo, Camila Helena Machado da Costa Andrade, Ana Luiza Dias Leite de Abstract in English: Aim The main purpose of this study was to conduct a narrative review investigating the possible relationship between permanent maxillary anterior teeth and anthropometric facial parameters in different populations. Methods Searches were performed in the PubMed, BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) and SciELO databases to identify relevant scientific articles using the following search terms: “maxillary anterior teeth”, “facial measurements” and “anthropometry”, in such a way that 218 publications were found. After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 publications remained for full-text reading. Results All studies involved male and female samples and it was notorious that male measurements were unanimously higher than those obtained in the opposite sex. The age of the analyzed participants ranged from 17 to 60 years; however, a mean age of 18 to 25 years was the most investigated in literature. In addition, facial measurements including the bizygomatic width, interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar width and intercommissural width have been proposed to help determine the correct size of anterior teeth. Conclusion It was concluded that despite the limited number of studies, some factors that influence dental and facial dimensions, such as sex and age, can be identified. However, there is no standardization of the facial or dental parameters used in the studies, a fact that makes it difficult to establish a universal ratio for clinical dental practice. |
Original Research Comparative in vitro analysis of the antifungal activity of different calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers Moreira, Luiz Felipe Nunes Peña-Bengoa, Fernando Niklander, Sven Eric Bueno, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Martin, Alexandre Sigrist de Rocha, Daniel Guimarães Pedro Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to perform an in vitro comparative analysis of the antifungal activity of different calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers against three fungal species. Methods The antifungal properties of three calcium silicate-based sealers were tested: Bio-C Sealer, Cambiar a Sealer Plus BC, and MTA-Fillapex. Two commonly used sealers were used as controls: AH Plus and Endomethasone. An agar diffusion test was performed to analyze the antifungal activity of the sealers against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, and a mixed microbial culture medium. The results were analyzed using ANOVA (p <0.05). Results Endomethasone exhibited the highest inhibition against all strains examined, maintaining a consistent level of inhibition throughout 7 days. MTA-Fillapex demonstrated the best performance among the calcium silicate-based sealers for the three fungal species (p < 0.05), maintaining stable values over the 7 days, surpassing that of Endomethasone. Nevertheless, MTA-Fillapex only exhibited antimicrobial effect against the mixed culture for the first 24 hours, and no antimicrobial activity was observed at 48 hours, being surpassed by all tested sealers (p < 0.05). Conclusion Of all silicate-based sealers tested, only MTA-Fillapex exhibited promising antifungal activity. Nevertheless, care must be taken when extrapolating these results, as MTA-Fillapex exhibited poor antimicrobial activity when tested in mixed microbial cultures. |
Original Article Clinical manifestations of I-131 induced salivary gland dysfunction in patients with thyroid carcinoma Makarenko, Viktoriia Pavlychuk, Tetiana Kopchak, Andrii Abstract in English: Aim To carry out a retrospective analysis of the frequency and severity of clinical signs of radioiodine (131I)-induced damage to the salivary glands in the early and long-term post-radiation periods, and identify risk factors for their occurrence in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Methods A total of 330 patients underwent thyroidectomy with dissection of lymphatic nodes. One month after surgery, all the patients received radioiodine therapy. The dose and number of courses varied depending on the stage and morphological type of the tumor. In the late post-radiation period, the patients were surveyed with the use of a standard questionnaire, which allowed retrospective assessment of the nature and severity of symptoms of radiation-induced damage, as well as the time of their onset/subsidence. Results Radiation-induced sialoadenitis of the salivary glands was observed in 51.2% of patients treated with 131I. The main symptoms included pain and discomfort in the salivary glands (51.2% of patients), swelling (48.8%), transient or permanent dry mouth (38%), and distortion of taste (38%). There were statistically significant correlations between the presence and severity of the main clinical symptoms of salivary gland irradiation. A significant relationship (r = 0.91, p < 0.001) was found between swelling of the salivary glands and the feeling of pain or discomfort, which was indicative of inflammation and retention of saliva. Conclusion The main factors influencing the formation of chronic radiation-induced sialoadenitis and the severity of the inflammatory process included the tumor stage, the total dose of radiopharmaceuticals, and the duration following radioiodine therapy. |
Original Article Risk factors associated with occlusal caries in first permanent molars in a school program: longitudinal study Guerra, Bianca Mattos dos Santos Reis, Patrícia Papoula Gorni dos Jorge, Roberta Costa Soviero, Vera Mendes Abstract in English: Aim Evaluate the longitudinal status of dental caries in the occlusal surface of first permanent molars (FPM) and to identify risk factors for the progression to cavitated caries lesions in a school oral health program. Methods Children who were enrolled in the program between September 2017 and October 2019, 5 to 10 years-old, presenting the four FPM were included. Four calibrated examiners assessed dental caries according to Nyvad criteria. Descriptive analysis included frequency, mean, and standard deviation calculations. Chi-square test was used in the bivariate analysis and, logistic regression adjusted for cluster effect was used to identify significant risk factors for cavity among the following independent variables: gender, age in the baseline, deft, upper/lower molar, initial caries score, Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH), fluorosis, occlusal sealing. Odds ratio (OR) and respective confidence intervals (CI) are presented. Results From 174 children enrolled in the program between 2017/2019, 120 were reevaluated in 2022. Eleven (2.6%) FPM in 11 children (9.2%) presented cavitated caries in the follow up examination. Significant risk factors for cavity were caries experience in the primary teeth (OR = 5.59; CI: 1.4 – 22.3) and the presence of MIH (OR = 5.33; CI: 1.6 – 18.1). Most of the active lesions in the follow up were considered active in the baseline examination. Conclusions The progression to cavity was relatively low, significantly influenced by past caries experience and MIH. |
Original Article Stability of dentin matrix treated with caffeic acid phenethyl ester at different concentrations Damázio, Aline Honorato Basting, Rosanna Tarkany Bridi, Enrico Coser França, Fabiana Mantovani Gomes Amaral, Flávia Lucisano Botelho do Turssi, Cecilia Pedroso Vieira Junior, Waldemir Francisco Basting, Roberta Tarkany Abstract in English: Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pre-treatment with ethanolic solutions of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) at varying concentrations on the dentin collagen matrix, specifically focusing on its biomodification potential. This was assessed through evaluations of the modulus of elasticity and changes in mass. Methods Seventy dentin collagen matrices (demineralized sticks) were prepared to receive treatments with ethanolic solutions of CAPE at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, or 2.5%, or with control treatment solutions (distilled water or ethanol) for one hour. The dentin matrices were evaluated for modulus of elasticity and mass before (baseline), immediately after treatment (immediately), and after storage in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for time intervals of 1 and 3 months. Results Generalized linear models for repeated measures over time indicated no significant differences between groups (p=0.7530) or between different time points (p=0.4780) in terms of the modulus of elasticity. Regarding mass variation, no differences were observed in the time interval between 1 month and the immediate time (p=0.0935). However, at the 3-month mark compared to the immediate time, the 0.1% CAPE group exhibited less mass loss compared to the water group (p=0.0134). Conclusion This study concludes that various concentrations of CAPE in an ethanolic solution did not affect the modulus of elasticity of dentin, suggesting that CAPE lacks biomodifying potential in this context. However, it was observed that 0.1% CAPE positively influenced the variation in mass over different evaluation time intervals. |
Original Research Effect of music therapy on pain and anxiety during third molar surgery Olaopa, Olusegun Israel Gbolahan, Olalere O. Olusanya, Adeola A. Fasola, Abiodun Olubayo Arotiba, Juwon Tunde Abstract in English: Music therapy has been used with promising results to reduce pain and anxiety in surgical specialties. It is suggested to reduce anxiety and pain perception during dental surgeries and thereby improving clinical outcomes. Aim The aim of this study is to determine whether listening to music during trans-alveolar mandibular third molar extraction reduces pain perception and anxiety. Methods One hundred and forty-six adult participants were randomized into music and non-music groups, with each group comprising seventy-three participants. Each participant had trans-alveolar third molar extraction with or without music intervention depending on the group randomly assigned. Pain scores of participants were measured at one minute after consent, during and after administration of local anaesthetic, during osteotomy, after tooth delivery, and one minute after flap closure. Postoperative pain scores were recorded at one-hour, 3-hour, 6-hour, 24-hour and 48-hour after the last stitch. Pre- and post-operative anxiety scores were also recorded. Descriptive statistics was used to describe sociodemographic data. Student t-test was used to compare the mean of quantitative variables between the groups while chi-square test was used to compare proportions and to investigate association between categorical variables. The statistical significance was defined at p<0.05. Results The study showed similar sociodemographic characteristics, baseline clinical features and duration of surgery between groups. Pain score peaked during local anaesthetic administration (p = 0.254) and at 3 hours after surgery (p = 0.170) but no statistically significant difference was observed in the mean pain score. The mean anxiety scores also revealed no statistically significant differences. Conclusion Music was found to add no significant anxiolytic and adjunctive analgesic benefit to participants who underwent third molar surgeries in this study. |
Original Research Histomorphometric comparison of two different preclinical models to evaluate the bone repair in grafted areas Lima, Julia Raulino Soares, Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Pereira, Lucas de Sousa Goulart Perdomo, Leidys Rodríguez Pigossi, Suzane Cristina Oliveira, Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de Abstract in English: Aim This study was performed to compare two different rat defect models (critical calvaria defects versus guided bone regeneration in the mandibular ramus) used to evaluate bone repair in grafted areas. Methods A total of 12 rats were allocated in two groups according the experimental model used to evaluate the bone repair in grafted areas: a critical sized-calvaria defect of 5 mm filled with bone graft (n=6) and a mandibular ramus filled with the bone graft associated with a Teflon dome-shaped membrane (n=6). Both groups were grafted with deproteinized bovine bone graft. After 60 days, the animals were euthanized and the samples obtained were submitted to histomorphometry analysis to evaluate the relative amount of bone, remaining bone substitute, and soft tissue within the grafted areas. Results No differences were observed between the preclinical models evaluated in relation to the amount of bone tissue formation (19.93 ± 4.55% in calvaria vs. 21.00 ± 8.20% in mandible). However, there was a smaller amount of soft tissue (43.20 ± 10.97% vs. 57.79 ± 7.61 %; p<0.01) and a greater amount of bone substitute remaining (35.80 ± 5.52% vs. 22.28 ± 4.36 %; p<0.05) in the grafted areas in the mandible compared to calvaria defect. Conclusion Preclinical models for the analysis of bone repair in grafted areas in the mandible and critical sized-calvaria defects showed different responses in relation to the amount of soft tissue and bone substitute remnants. |
Original Research ZrO2 and ZnO nanoparticles effect on setting time, microhardness, and compressive strength of calcium-enriched-mixture cement Razavi, Faezeh Sadat Afsah, Fatemeh Mahmoudi Baghban, Alireza Akbarzadeh Torabzadeh, Hasan Asgary, Saeed Abstract in English: Aim Calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement is an endodontic biomaterial; however, enhancing its physical/mechanical properties remains a challenge. This in vitro study investigates the influence of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on the setting time, microhardness, and compressive strength of CEM cement. Methods Four different groups of CEM cement were prepared: a control group without nanoparticles, two groups with ZrO2 or ZnO, and a group with a combination of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were added to the powder in predetermined concentrations. The setting time was evaluated using the Gilmore needle method, while microhardness and compressive strength were determined using Vickers hardness and a universal testing machine, respectively. Results The incorporation of ZnO slightly reduced the setting time, while the addition of ZrO2 significantly prolonged it compared to the control group. Interestingly, the combination of both nanoparticles exhibited a setting time comparable to that of the control group. Regarding the microhardness and compressive strength, both ZrO2 and ZnO significantly improved these properties compared to the control group. The combination of both nanoparticles showed the highest microhardness and compressive strength values among all groups. Conclusions The addition of nanoparticles to CEM cement effectively modifies its physical and mechanical properties. The optimal combination of these nanoparticles can potentially achieve an improved balance between setting time and enhanced mechanical performance. |
Original Article Maxillary cysts diagnosed at a Brazilian Reference Center for Oral Injuries: a retrospective study Farias, Jener Gonçalves de Melo, Daisy Silva de Falcão, Taiane de Santana Azevêdo Pires, Alessandra Laís Pinho Valente Abstract in English: Aim determine the prevalence of cysts associated with maxillary bones, analyzing variables related to their occurrence. Methods a cross-sectional study was carried out with secondary data from biopsy records and conclusive anatomopathological reports of cysts diagnosed at the Reference Center for Oral Lesions of the State University of Feira de Santana in the period 2006-2017. The information collected was analyzed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0; the chi-square statistical test was used, and the Likelihood-ratio test was applied, with a significance level of p≤ 0.05. Results Of the 290 records with a conclusive histopathological diagnosis for some intraosseous lesion, 138 (47,58%) were definitive for cysts. The radicular/residual cyst was the most frequent (47.8%) and most of the lesions were located in the posterior region of the mandible (39.9%). The age group’s statistical analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the different types of the cyst (p=0.000), however, when associating sex with histopathological diagnosis (p=0.222) and anatomical location with histopathological diagnosis (p=0.568), there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusions The radicular/residual cysts group had the highest frequency among all lesions. Cysts were more commonly diagnosed in women, in the fourth decade of life and the most prevalent anatomical site was the posterior region of the mandible. The analysis results suggest that the age group is a factor associated with the occurrence of cysts. |
Original Research Sociodemographics, oral health literacy, and caries experience related to daily performance among adolescents Rachmawati, Yuanita Lely Pratamawari, Dyah Nawang Palupi Balbeid, Merlya Sutanti, Viranda Abstract in English: Low health literacy in adolescents can negatively impact their health status and quality of life. Objective This study aims to verify the impact of sociodemographics, caries experience and oral health literacy (OHL) on the quality of life among adolescents aged 11–12. Methods A cross-sectional study with a cluster sampling design was conducted on public elementary schools in a district of Batu City in January 2020. Self-administered questionnaires regarding sociodemographics, OHL, and child-oral impact on daily performance (C-OIDP) were administered to respondents. Caries examinations were performed by three independent examiners using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMF-T) index after informed consent was received. The data was analyzed with a comparative test and logistic regression with a significance level of < 0.05. Results 346 students followed the study, with a response rate of 92.22%. The majority of parents were not college-educated. 71.1% of respondents were 12 years old, 85.3% had caries, and 55.3% had a high total OHL score. There was a significant difference between low- and high-quality daily performance in the OHL score and caries experience categories (p=0.006 and p=0.008, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that the fathers’ education, caries experience, and OHL were associated with the quality of daily performance. Conclusions Health literacy, caries experience, and parental education contribute to the quality of adolescents’ daily performance. Adolescents with few caries and high OHL have a better quality of daily performance. |
Original Article Evaluation of the maxillary and mandibular implant failure rate in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis Moravej, Asal Mousavi, Elnaz Azizi, Amir Amiri, Ali Sameie, Ayda Abstract in English: Aim The present study evaluated maxillary and mandibular implant failure rates in patients with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Methods All articles published in international databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, ISI Web of knowledge, and Embase between 2016 to July 2022 are included. 95% confidence interval on odds ratio and mean differences were done with a fixed effect model. Meta-analysis data collected from selected studies were performed using Stata/MP.V17 software. Results In the initial review, duplicate studies were eliminated, abstracts of 1311 studies were reviewed, two authors reviewed the full text of 243 studies, and finally, 37 studies were selected. The odds ratio of implant failure rate between diabetic and non-diabetic patients was 5.31 (OR, 95% CI 5.06, 5.56; p=00). The mean difference in marginal bone loss between diabetic and non-diabetic patients was 1.63 (MD, 95% CI 0.89, 2.37; p=0.00). Conclusion Based on the findings of the present study, the survival rate of implants in patients with diabetes was lower than in non-diabetic patients. Also, marginal bone loss was higher in patients with diabetes than in non-diabetic patients. |
Original Article Knowledge and conduct of dental students about mouthwash prior to dental procedures amid the COVID-19 pandemic Al-Mashhadane, Faehaa Azher Qibi, Leqaa H. Al-Taee, Faris Ghanim Ahmed Abstract in English: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) generated an unusual condition around the world, affecting the essentials of clinical practice in dentistry. Aim The purpose of this survey was to determine dental students’ conduct and knowledge regarding using pre-procedural mouthwashes. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken for 148 undergraduate dental students at the Dental College/University of Mosul using an online questionnaire. participated in this survey, where 36.5% were female and 63.5% were male, and The survey format had 12 questions delivered to participants, and the replies were statistically analyzed. The data were imported and analyzed using SPSS software (version 22). Results The current study found that 59.5% of participants thought pre-procedural mouthwash was helpful in preventing COVID-19 infections in dental settings, while 40.5% of participants believed that it is not, and for the most effective mouthrinse against COVID-19, 48.6% of participants said chlorhexidine for 30 seconds, while 51.4% said chlorhexidine for 60 seconds. Conclusions Dental students are conscious of the value of pre-procedural mouthwash but need more clarity on the correct concentration, amount, and duration. |
Original Article Evaluation of change in knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical students towards early childhood oral health following educational intervention: a cohort study Babu, KL Girish Jayalakshmi, C George, Rosamma Abstract in English: Medical health professionals have the opportunity to influence the oral health of children, as they are the first health professionals to come in contact with expectant mothers and parents of infants and toddlers. Aim To evaluate and compare undergraduate medical students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice about early childhood oral health care before and after educational intervention. Methods A cohort study was conducted among undergraduate medical students during their course. The baseline knowledge and attitude of 80 medical students were evaluated using a validated questionnaire (Phase I). Following, they completed 8 hours of educational intervention and their change in the knowledge and attitude was reassessed (Phase II). The intervention continued through web-based learning till they reached their residency. The students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice were again reassessed at the end of their residency (Phase III). Results Knowledge: There was a significant increase in the knowledge about the term gum pads, from 70% in Phase I to 90% in Phase III. Only 30% of medical students knew that the oral cavity of a newborn was devoid of microorganisms during Phase I, but this knowledge improved to 86% in Phase III. Almost 58 to 90% of the medical students had a basic knowledge of the influence of high caries on mothers, the importance and benefit of antenatal counselling, and the effect of poor maternal health. In Phase I, although 92% were aware of the multifactorial pattern of dental caries, only 42% and 53% knew the causative organism and transmissibility of it from mother to child, respectively. Around 77% and 62% agreed that antenatal counselling and counselling on feeding and weaning, respectively, will prevent ECC. Attitude The attitude towards treating primary teeth was less (66%) in Phase I, subsequently increasing to 100% at the end of Phase III. Practice Following Phase III, most of them (88%) examined the child’s oral cavity during routine medical checkups in the Knee-to-Knee position (93%) and counted the number of teeth present (91%), and they were able to identify the dental carious teeth (88%). Conclusion The medical curriculum should include a module on early childhood oral health. |
Original Article Maxillofacial infections of dental origin: risk factors for hospital admission Fornari, Vinicios Souza, Matheus Albino Dallepiane, Felipe Gomes Pasqualotti, Adriano Conto, Ferdinando De Abstract in English: Aim to evaluate the occurrence of maxillofacial infection cases, which were treated at local hospital, identifying the main risk factors that determine the need for hospitalization of patients and the factors associated with staying length. Methods A retrospective review of 191 records of patients with maxillofacial infection of odontogenic origin was performed, statistically evaluated by frequency and percentage of involvement, p values (based on the chi-square test) and odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Among all the 191 patients, 31 had some harmful habits, such as smokers (13%) and alcoholics (1%). In addition, 39 patients reported some general health problem, such as systemic arterial hypertension (8.3%), depression (6.8%), diabetes (3.6%) and some immunosuppression (1.57%). Involvement of infection in deep facial spaces was present, with 119 patients presenting a deeper infection (62.3%) and 72 patients a superficial infection (37.7%). The most prevalent clinical signs and symptoms in the initial evaluation were pain (91.1%) and edema (90.1%), followed by erythema/hyperemia (44.5%), trismus (37.7%), abscess (30.9%), cellulitis (27.7%), fistula (16.8%), fever (16.8%), dysphagia (11%), dehydration (9.9%), odynophagia (7.9% ) and dyspnea (3.7%). Pulp necrosis was considered a risk factor for treatment in a hospital environment (0.032) and root canal treatment decreases the risk of hospitalization (p=0.002). Considering the evaluated patients, 146 (76.4%) were admitted and 45 (37.7%) were not admitted for hospitalization after initial clinical evaluation. Conclusion there is a high occurrence of maxillofacial infection cases of dental origin, considering that involvement of infection in deeper facial spaces, as well as presence of pain, edema, erythema/hyperemia, trismus, abscess, cellulitis and pulp necrosis, represent the main risk factors for hospitalization and staying length. |
Original Article The impact of synthetic bone grafting for tissue regeneration: an in vivo study Naser, Alyaa I. Hamed, Rayan S. Taqa, Ghada A. Abstract in English: Aims This study aimed to examine the biological response of synthetic nanocomposite material on canine mandibular bone. Methods Nine healthy adult male local breed dogs aged 12 to 18 months and weighing 10.2 to 15.2 kg were used in the study. Based on healing intervals of 1 and 2 months, the dogs were divided into 2 groups. Each group had 3 subgroups with 3 dogs each. The division was based on the grafting material used to fill the created defect: an empty defect (Control-ve), Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate, and nanocomposite (Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and nanosilver 1%) . Surgery started after the dogs were anaesthetized. The surgical procedure began with a 5 cm parallel incision along the mandible’s lower posterior border. After exposing the periosteum, a three 5mm-diameter, 5-mm-deep critical-size holes were made, 5mm between each one. Each group’s grafting material had independent 3 holes. The defects were covered with resorbable collagen membranes followed by suturing of the mucoperiosteal flap. Results Total densitometric analysis showed no significant differences between groups at 1-month intervals, with the nanocomposite group having a higher mean rank (165.66± 31.21) in comparison to other groups while at 2 months intervals that there was a highly significant difference between three groups as the P-value was (0.000) with the nanocomposite group having a higher mean rank (460.66± 26.40). Conclusions In the current study, the use of nanocomposites improved osteoconductivity by accelerating new bone formation. Moreover, the encorporation of nanosilver enhanced growth factor activity. These attributes make nanocomposites a promising material for enhancing the bone healing process. |
Original article Recommendations for post-rehabilitation care of maxillofacial prostheses Costa, Leiliane de Oliveira Soares, Sabrina Gomes Martins Barreto, Brenda Neves Almeida, Filipe Costa Dias, Alexa Magalhães Miranda, Jean Soares Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to review the scientific literature to describe the main care and hygiene protocols for different types of maxillofacial prostheses (MFP). Methods A bibliographic search on the PubMed / Medline database using the following keywords: [“maxillofacial prosthesis” OR “ocular prostheses” OR “palatal obturators”] AND [“Cleaning” OR “disinfection”] AND [“care”] AND [“color stability”] OR [“denture cleansers” OR “cleansing agents”]. Articles addressing materials, cleaning and disinfection protocols, and care related to MFP were included. The following exclusion criteria were applied: no adequate methodology, incompatibility with the area of interest, and unavailability for reading in full. Results The papers were grouped into the following topics: facial prostheses, ocular prostheses, maxillofacial intraoral prostheses, and retention systems. Conclusion Despite the MFP changes over time, its degradation decreases upon following the recommendations and post-adaptation care. The guidelines for cleaning and disinfection must be individualized to guarantee the longevity of the prosthesis and the patient health. |
Original Research Influence of the X-ray source and the digital image receptor on the expression of halo artefacts around dental implants Braga, Manuella Soussa Ramos, Ana Maria de Almeida Coelho-Silva, Fernanda Pereira, Teresa Cristina Rangel de-Azevedo-Vaz, Sergio Lins Abstract in English: Objectives To assess if different dental X-ray sources and receptors can improve the bone-to-implant interface image visualization by preventing halo artefact expression in terms of presence and magnitude. Methods 144 digital periapical radiographs of eight titanium implants installed in two human jaws were obtained using two devices (high- and low-frequency X-ray sources) and two radiographic receptors (complementary solid metal oxide semiconductor sensor, and phosphor storage plate). Two evaluators assessed the presence or absence of halo on the left, right and apical surfaces of the implants. In surfaces with halo, the area was segmented and quantified to measure the magnitude of artefact using the Trainable Weka Segmentation plugin of the ImageJ software. Statistics comprised Cochran’s Q, ANOVA, Kappa, and Intraclass Correlation tests (α = 5%). Results Intra-examiner reproducibility was substantial and excellent. No surface showed statistically significant differences between the paired groups considering halo presence. 85 radiographs had at least one surface with halo, but the magnitude of halo did not vary considering the X-ray sources and radiographic receptors studied. Conclusion Neither different X-ray sources nor radiographic receptor used in dentistry could improve the bone-to-implant interface image by preventing the presence or reducing the magnitude of halo artefacts. |
Original Research Dental care for children in a tertiary hospital Costa, Mariana Andrade Pieroni, Karina Alessandra Michelão Grecca Abstract in English: Aim To evaluate the profile of pediatric onco-hematological patients and the outpatient dental care provided to these individuals from January 2016 to December 2019 by the Pediatric Dentistry division of the Dentistry and Stomatology Service of a tertiary hospital. Methods Data were collected from the medical records of 179 pediatric patients undergoing treatment for onco-hematological diseases, aged between 0 and 19 years, regarding their profile and the outpatient dental care provided by the Pediatric Dentistry Service of the Dentistry and Stomatology Service of a tertiary hospital. Data were tabulated and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. Results The majority of the patients were male, with a mean age of 12. Anemia and leukemia were the most prevalent diseases in this study. During the evaluation period, 1548 dental appointments were performed, 696 of which were clinical evaluations. The remaining appointments involved various dental procedures. The most common procedures included the topical application of fluoride and dental prophylaxis, followed by extractions, laser therapy, tooth decay removal, and restorations/sealants. Conclusion Assessing patient profiles and the dental care provided are important tools for improving dental care protocols and enhancing the quality of life for pediatric onco-hematological patients. |
Original Research Search for urgent dental care during COVID-19 pandemic: report of a university dental care setting experience Zóffoli, Juliana de Oliveira Muniz, Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes Soviero, Vera Ligia Vieira Mendes Calcia, Thayanne Brasil Barbosa Abstract in English: Dental emergencies may represent a challenge to clinicians, that sometimes may even need to treat patients with COVID-19. Aim In this sense, we aim to report our experience in an urgent dental care setting during COVID-19 pandemic, providing a profile of patients and staff involved in attendance appointments. To address that, a retrospective analysis was conducted based on charts of the Urgent Dental Care Clinic. Data obtained from patients were extracted considering the period between July 2020 and December 2020. Final data were compiled, and continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Categorical variables were presented as n (%). Results A total of 92 patients (39 ±16.59 years) were attended with prevalence of female. Most patients (n = 83; 94.3%) answered that they did not have any symptoms since COVID-19 outbreak in March up to 21st day prior the appointment and searched for treatment with pain as the main complaint (n = 59; 64.1%). Drug prescriptions and advice were sufficient on several occasions (n = 19; 22.4%), eliminating the need for dental procedures. Recementation and temporary restorations were the most frequent clinical choice in this cohort (n = 19; 20.7). Regarding dental staff, COVID-19 symptoms after attendance were reported only seven times (3.4%) by 5 different persons. Conclusion All patients treated in the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic were asymptomatic and pain was their main complaint. Importantly, occupational transmission was not detected during the study period, which highlights effectiveness of our prevention strategies. |
Original Research Characterisation and properties of Nanohybrid Dental Composite (NhDC) reinforced with zirconia and alumina Nordin, Nurul Najwa Mohd Ismail, Noor Huda Mohamad, Dasmawati Yhaya, Mohd Firdaus Awang, Raja Azman Raja Abstract in English: A trial nanohybrid dental composite (NHDC) was developed using silica extracted from biowaste rice. Aim This study aims to test the effect of mixture of the silica and other filler which is zirconia and alumina, focusing on the characterization and their properties. Nano-silica obtained from rice husk was used as NHDC filler. Methods Nanosilica white powder, derived from rice husk, was used. There were three groups: Group I, Zr (2%) and Al (3%); group II, Zr (3%) and Al (2%); and group III, Zr (3%). The distribution of filler particles and the chemical structure of filler particles were determined by FESEM images and FTIR test. Then, testing on Vickers hardness (VHN) and fracture strength (FS) of the samples was performed. Results The distribution of filler particles showed a uniform distribution, and each peak element of the fillers was shown in the FTIR spectrum images. There was significantly increased on VHN and FS after addition of zirconia and alumina. Conclusion This study concluded that zirconia and alumina strengthen the NHDC properties with addition of zirconia and alumina filler. |
Original Research Enhancing dental practice: cutting-edge digital innovations Alqahtani, Sultan Awad Hasan Abstract in English: Digital technology offers many opportunities and challenges across various domains. Aim This comprehensive review explores the transformative impact of digitalization on dental practices, encompassing digital Imaging, 3D printing, intraoral scanners, teledentistry, Artificial Intelligence, CAD-CAM technology, and virtual reality. Methods A rigorous search was conducted across various electronic bases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The search employed keywords such as “Orthodontics,” “Dental Health,” “Dental Imaging,” “CAD-CAM,” “Digital Medicine,” “Teleconsultation,” “Intraoral Scanner,” “Artificial Intelligence (AI),” “Digital Health,” “Teledentistry,” and “3D Dentistry.” Papers published between 2017 and the present were considered, focusing on peer-reviewed journals and reviews providing comprehensive insights into digital dentistry. Results The review highlights the diverse facts of digitalization in dentistry, emphasizing its potential benefits for patient practitioners and the dental industry. Digital impressions, 3D printing, and CAD-CAM are streamlining restorative dentistry. In orthodontics, digital models enable precise simulations. Artificial Intelligence promises more efficient diagnostics and treatment planning. Conclusion Digital technology is poised to reshape dentistry, improving efficiency, patient outcomes, and practitioner experiences. However, challenges such as data security and ethical considerations must be addressed. The successful integration of digital dentistry into dental practice will require more research and innovation, even though this review offers a thorough overview of the field. |
Original Research Rationale for antimicrobial activity of phytocomplexes recommended for use in oncological pathology Varukha, Anna P. Podporin, Mikhail S. Em, Alexandra V. Kubanova, Albina B. Mustafaev, Magomet Sh. Abstract in English: The modulation of the composition of the oral microbiome in cancer patients is a significant approach to preventing and managing complications from chemotherapy and radiation. The use of mouthwashes is the first treatment option to rehabilitate these patients. Aim This study evaluated the characteristics of the impact of phytocomplexes on the dynamics of the formation of a mixed microbial consortium comprising potential agents of infectious complications of oncological processes. Methods The work carried out an experimental assessment of the antimicrobial properties of the phytocomplexes ‘Mukosept’ and ‘Aphrodite’, by analyzing their influence on the consortium microbial group S. sanguis and F. nucleatum, using the infrastructure of the unique scientific installation “Transgenebank”. Results Based on the results of the experiments, using the automatic programmable cultivation technique, differences in the development of the bacterial population were identified, considering the addition of the studied samples of phytocomplexes at different concentrations. It has been revealed that the phytocomplex ‘Mukosept’ exhibits a more evident antibacterial effect in comparison to the phytocomplex ‘Aphrodite’. Conclusion Thus, the influence of phytocomplexes on the dynamics of the development of a mixed microbial consortium of potential pathogens of infectious complications of oncological processes has been determined. |
Original Research Effect of lubricated polishing and repolishing on gloss, roughness and material loss of nanoparticle resin composite Faria, Vanessa de Silva Júnior, Jefferson Pires da Caneppele, Taciana Marco Ferraz Bresciani, Eduardo Abstract in English: Aim The study examined how different dry and lubricated polishing protocols impact the gloss, roughness, and material loss of nanoparticle resin composites, before and after simulated toothbrushing. Methods One hundred cylindrical resin composite specimens were prepared and divided into an unpolished group and three test groups: Dimanto (DIM), Sof-Lex Pop-On (SOF), and Astrobrush (ASTRO). These groups underwent polishing dry, with water, or with or petroleum jelly. Surface parameters including gloss (Novo-Curve – Rhopoint TM, England), roughness, and material loss (MaxSurf XT 20, MahrGoettingen, Germany) were evaluated at four stages: baseline, polishing, simulated toothbrushing, and repolishing. Data were submitted to repeated measures ANOVA (P<0.05). Results Lubrication did not affect the studied parameters after polishing with DIM. SOF showed improved performance without lubricants, whereas ASTRO achieved higher gloss and lower roughness when lubricated. In terms of surface material loss, DIM exhibited less material loss when used with petroleum jelly, SOF had reduced material loss when used with water, and ASTRO showed the most material loss when lubricated with petroleum jelly. Conclusion The gloss, roughness, and surface material loss of the nanoparticle resin composite are influenced by the type of polisher used and the choice of lubricant. However, none of the differences observed surpassed the established thresholds for roughness or gloss perception, suggesting that these protocols are potentially viable for clinical application. Despite detectable differences among the polishing systems and lubricant combinations, all tested options are clinically acceptable. None of them exceeded the thresholds for biofilm accumulation or perceptible differences in surface gloss. |
Original Research Practical application of teledentistry in orthodontic patients during the Covid-19 pandemic: a narrative review Mansjur, Karima Qurnia Ifada, Aafiah Nasir, Mansjur Erwansyah, Eka Pawinru, Ardiansyah S. Habar, Eddy Heriyanto Ranggang, Baharuddin M. Nahusona, Donald R. Hidayati, Nasyrah Paramma, Zilal Islamy Abstract in English: Aim Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 infection has been an unusual plummet in dentistry. Various measures were adopted to slow or halt the spread of COVID-19. Many countries suspended activities that are deemed “non-essential.” Several dental procedures fall into this category, and only emergencies that cannot be postponed are still allowed. Therefore, follow-up visits for active orthodontic treatment should be treated with special new standard precautions. This review aims to reduce orthodontic treatment appointments by providing an overview of the available methods and their purpose in patient monitoring, i.e., teleorthodontic. Methods A total of 5 articles demonstrating the practical application of teledentistry including teleorthodontic were included. Result Most emergencies can be handled via teleorthodontics, which can reassure and follow patients from afar. Teleorthodontics achieved its goal of reducing patient visits while keeping regular monitoring without sacrificing results. Conclusion Teleorthodontics can handle most emergencies assist and follow up patients remotely while at their homes. It can reduce the number of patient visits while maintaining regular monitoring without compromising the results of orthodontics treatment. These findings still need further development in efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and long-term outcomes, but we believe teleorthodontics plays an essential role during the COVID-19 outbreaks. |
Short communication Resumption of Brazilian oral medicine health care during the second period of the COVID-19 pandemic Marques, Nelson Pereira Silveira, Denise Maria Mendes Lúcio da Marques, Nádia Carolina Teixeira Lucena, Edson Hilan Gomes de Martelli, Daniella Reis Barbosa Perez, Danyel Elias da Cruz Martelli Júnior, Hercílio Abstract in English: Aim This present study aims to compare the data from the Brazilian Unified Health System on the number of clinical consultations of Oral Medicine from the first 6 months (March-August 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil with the last 6 months (September-February 2020/2021) to update the data, verify the measures’ effectiveness to return clinical activities in the following months. Methods perform a literature review of recent articles that report the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Oral Medicine. Results There was an increase in the number of Oral Medicine clinical consultations in the second half of the pandemic throughout Brazil (+64.2%), representing over 9,235 appointments in this period. Conclusion measures for the return of health assistance and the practice of Telemedicine proved to be effective after the second period of the pandemic. Even so, strengthening security measures against the coronavirus is essential to ward off a new wave since the Omicron variant emerged in the country and, consequently, possible new lockdowns that might affect healthcare in Brazil. |
Short Communication Forensic significance of dental cementum: pilot study on new micro-CT energy parameters for age estimation in human teeth Santos, Pedro Américo Felizardo dos Andrade, Vanessa Moreira Bastos, Luan Ferreira Silva, Luciana Pereira da Lopes, Ricardo Tadeu Neves, Aline de Almeida Souza, Andreia Cristina Breda de Visconti, Maria Augusta Abstract in English: Aim To determine new energy parameters in micro-CT to allow appropriate segmentation of dental cementum from the surrounding structures. Methods For this pilot study, 11 single-rooted premolar teeth of young subjects aged 12 to 21 were selected. The teeth were scanned using high-energy microtomography (SkyScan 1173, Bruker) with varying acquisition energies (60, 70, and 80 kV). Each tooth was scanned three times. The images were reconstructed and analyzed by calculating the volume (mm3) of dental cementum in the cervical, middle, and apical root thirds among the different scanned stacks. The mean cementum volume in the root thirds was obtained, and correlated with the patient’s age, using Pearson’s correlation. Results The mean age of the patients in the sample was 16,73 years. For the 60kV energy, the cementum volumes were 1.01 mm3, 1.00 mm3, and 0.58 mm3, for the cervical, middle, and apical thirds, respectively. For 70kV, it was 1.08 mm3, 1.20 mm3, and 0.71 mm3 for the respective thirds. And for 80kV,0.55 mm3, 0.91 mm3, and 0.67 mm3 for the respective thirds. Conclusion An acquisition energy of 70kV resulted in the best segmentation and reproducibility of the results. Micro-CT can be a useful tool to non-destructively evaluate the dental cementum. |
Case Reports Orthognathic surgery in a patient with von Willebrand disease: case report Barcellos, Bhárbara Marinho Moreira, Andressa Goicochea Silveira, Isabela Toledo Teixeira da Gomes, Eduardo de Freitas Xavier, Cristina Braga Chagas Júnior, Otacílio Luiz Abstract in English: Aim This study aims to report the perioperative management of a patient with von Willebrand disease (vWd) who underwent orthognathic surgery. The report follows the guidelines of the Case Report Guidelines (CARE) and focuses on the steps taken to prevent bleeding during the surgical procedure. Methods A 39-year-old female patient with skeletal Class III was treated with maxillary advancement and mandibular setback. Despite normal test results for ristocetin cofactor activity, measures were taken to prevent bleeding, including atraumatic surgical techniques, use of antifibrinolytic medication, induced hypotension during anesthesia, and preparation of blood products for transfusion during trans and postoperative periods if needed. In the end, these measures were not required. Results The patient did not experience any bleeding during the surgical procedure or postoperative period, demonstrating the effectiveness of the measures taken to manage their blood dyscrasia. Two years after the surgery, the patient had satisfactory aesthetic and functional results and no evidence of relapse. Conclusion Thus, this case report demonstrates that vWd does not prevent large-scale oral and maxillofacial surgeries such as orthognathic surgery as long as proper precautions are taken pre-, intra- and postoperatively. |
Case Reports Polypoid non-neural granular cell tumor of the oral cavity: case report and literature review Couto, Larissa Abbehusen Santana, Daiana Cristina Pereira Castro, Ianna Josefa Valeska de Aniz Azevedo, Roberto Almeida de Xavier, Flávia Caló de Aquino Santos, Jean Nunes dos Leitão, Águida Cristina Gomes Henriques Abstract in English: Aim To report a case of non-neural granular cell tumor (NN-GCT), an uncommon neoplasm, with only six studies worldwide describing cases involving the oral cavity. Methods A 26-year-old male patient with an erythematous, firm, polypoid nodule in the floor of the mouth that exhibited areas of ulceration and mild bleeding to the touch. A biopsy was performed to aid in the diagnosis. Results Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical results (vimentin +, CD68 +, S100 -), the diagnosis was compatible with S100-negative (primitive polypoid non-neural) granular cell tumor. No recurrence was observed over two years of follow-up. Conclusion The diagnosis of NN-GCT is extremely challenging because this tumor shares histological and immunophenotypic features with many benign and malignant tumors. Although oral NN-GCT may exhibit unusual and atypical histological features, it has an indolent behavior. Thus, until more cases of oral involvement are reported, complete resection and close follow-up are recommended. |
Case Report Post-surgical ciliated cyst: a case report in two brazilians patients and literature review Ferreira, Iara Vieira Coelho, Laís Heringer Mendes Verner, Francielle Silvestre Ortega, Rose Mara Póvoa, Larissa Stefhanne Damasceno de Amorim Rios, Celso Henrique Najar Aquino, Sibele Nascimento de Abstract in English: Aim The aim of this study is to report two cases of post-surgical ciliated cysts (PSCC) in patients from Brazil with a history of trauma in the maxillary zygomatic suture region and traumatic tooth extraction. Additionally, we conducted a literature review of PSCC. Methods We reported two clinical cases of edentulous patients diagnosed with PSCC, including information on patients medical and surgical history. Furthermore, we performed a literature review, identifying previous cases of PSCC and compiling relevant information. Results In Case 1, the patient, a 64-year-old female, was edentulous and asymptomatic. The approach involved obtaining a panoramic radiograph, performing an incisional biopsy, followed by enucleation and curettage of the lesion. The patient is currently under follow-up, with no evidence of recurrence. In Case 2, the patient, a 61-year-old male, was also edentulous and had no painful symptoms. Imaging tests were ordered, and he subsequently underwent an excisional biopsy. Unfortunately, the follow-up was lost. According to the literature review, patient ages ranged from 17 to 76 years, with males comprising 52% and females 48% of the cases. Pain, swelling, and tenderness are common symptoms in the affected area. Le Fort I osteotomy was frequently associated with PSCC cases. Enucleation or curettage emerged as the predominant treatment approach for PSCC, demonstrating favorable outcomes with rare recurrences. Conclusion Considering the diagnosis of PSCC is crucial in patients with a history of prior maxillary surgeries. Additionally, a comprehensive patient history is imperative for the assessment of maxillary cystic lesions. |
Original Research Burnout syndrome in peruvian dental students: a prevalence study Ramírez-López, Ana Elizabeth Asmat-Abanto, Angel Steven Abstract in English: Aim Burnout syndrome describes the state of long-term physical, emotional and mental exhaustion related to work. This syndrome can cause health problems related to stress, insomnia, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases, including an increase in alcohol consumption and drug use. It is important to recognize the presence of the initial signs of this syndrome, therefore this study aimed to determine the prevalence of the burnout syndrome in peruvian dental students. Methods The study was observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive. It was carried out from September to November 2018, and it included a total of 154 dental students of four universities of La Libertad region, surveyed by census method. Three were private universities and one was public. Burnout was evaluated through the Maslach Burnout Student Survey Questionnaire (MBI-SS). The results were presented in absolute and percentage frequencies, as well as confidence intervals, using double-entry tables. Results It was found that 24.68% of the students (24.71% in male students and 24.64% in female students) presented burnout syndrome. The public university of Trujillo presented the highest percentage of affected students (47.37%). A prevalence of 53,90% of emotional exhaustion was also found among the students under evaluation. Conclusions Almost a quarter of the students surveyed presented burnout. It was also observed that the public University of Trujillo had a higher percentage of burnout than the three private ones. The percentage of prevalence of the burnout syndrome according to sex was similar. However according to dimensions, emotional exhaustion presented the highest percentage. |
Original Research Accuracy of the integrated electronic apex locator in locating simulated perforation under various irrigating solutions in an in vitro study Joshi, Chintan Joshi, Surabhi Desai, Urooj Thumar, Sweety Patel, Aashray Khunt, Ankita Abstract in English: Aim This study’s objective was to assess the accuracy of the integrated apex locator in identifying artificial root canal perforations in the presence of saline, chlorhexidine, sodium hypochlorite, QMix, and MTAD. Methods The root canals of 60 single-rooted extracted human teeth were perforated artificially at a point 10 mm away from the root apex. After measuring the actual lengths up to the perforation point, the teeth were then put within an alginate mould for measurements using an integrated apex locator. Using a #20 K-file in the presence of NaCl, CHX, MTAD, NaOCl, and QMix, an electronic apex locator was used to measure the perforations electronically in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Between the measurements, each canal was dried with paper points after being irrigated with distilled water. The accuracy of all the readings was calculated at ± 0.5 mm. Statistical analyses were performed using the Z-test. Results In comparison to the MTAD, NaOCl, and Qmix, saline and chlorhexidine scored more readings in the ± 0.5 mm range of the perforation site, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The most precise electronic measurements of artificial perforation were obtained in the presence of chlorhexidine or saline. |
Original Research Assessment of studies on oral manifestations and COVID-19: a meta-research study Szymanski, Priscila Sarkis-Onofre, Rafael Agostini, Bernardo Antonio Ortiz, Fernanda Ruffo Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to evaluate how different study designs influences the presence and characteristics of diagnosis of oral manifestations in patients with COVID-19. Methods This study is a meta-search conducted with studies evaluating the relationship between patients with oral manifestations and COVID-19. A search was conducted in three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus), using terms specific to COVID-19 and oral lesions, including only primary studies. Study selection was undertaken by two reviewers independently. A descriptive analysis was performed. Results The results included 55 studies in the data synthesis analysis. Most of the studies were case reports and case series. Some of the studies did not relate a biological test to confirm COVID-19. The ulcer lesion and that clinical examination by specialists were the most reported lesion in case reports and case series studies, while taste alterations and patient self-report were more reported in observational studies. Conclusions This review concluded that the oral lesions in patients with COVID-19 differ according to the study design. The lack of high-quality scientific evidence in the dental literature on COVID-19 makes the findings inconsistent by the lack of sample selection criteria, diagnostic criteria and classification of oral lesions. |
Original Research Differences in dental care for pregnant women in the public sector after the creation of Previne Brasil Soares, Giovanna Mendonça Raso, Giovanna Freitas Santos, Isadora Custódio Moreira Martins, Heron Ataide Silveira, Ana Beatriz Vieira da Oliveira, Daniela Silva Barroso de Lima, Daniela Coêlho de Gomes, Heloisa de Sousa Abstract in English: Aim To compare performance differences among dental surgeons in the public sector of the state of Minas Gerais regarding prenatal dental care before and after the establishment of Previne Brasil. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, gathering data through a structured questionnaire. The sample consisted of dental surgeons working in the public sector of municipalities in MG and utilizing the snowball effect. Data analysis was performed using the IBM-SPSS® version 29.0, employing Pearson’s Chi-square statistical test (P<0.05). Results Out of the 28 State Health System (SRS) present in MG. A total of 1696 responses were collected, but after applying the exclusion criteria, 1001 responses remained, specifically related to dental surgeons working in MG public sector. 78.6% comprised professionals who graduated before 2019, while 20.1% graduated after that year. The morning and the second or other gestational trimesters were the most common periods considered optimal for caring for pregnant women. A significant portion of the professionals had not undergone any specific courses or training on this topic, reporting an average satisfaction level of 5.52 regarding the accessibility of information during their education aimed at this audience. Conclusion Variances were observed in the care provided to pregnant women by dental surgeons working in the public sector of Minas Gerais, distinguishing those trained before and after the implementation of Previne Brasil. The debunking of myths and taboos stands as crucial for enhancing the acceptance of prenatal dentistry. |
Original Research Stress assessment awareness among practitioners during dental procedures: a cross-sectional study Varma, Smrithi Vishakha Varghese, Sheeja Narasimhan, Srinivasan Nair, Sajan Velayudhan Abstract in English: Aim Patient anxiety during dental procedures impacts oral health and well-being. Dental practitioners are vital in managing this stress. Our study aims to explore, analyze, and draw comparisons regarding the understanding and awareness levels of stress and anxiety assessment during routine dental procedures among general dental practitioners and specialists. Method A self-administered questionnaire was sent to 503 Indian dental practitioners, encompassing both general dentists and specialists. Comprising 13 sections, the questionnaire covered demographic information and delved into topics such as dental anxiety assessment tools, familiarity with stress-reducing techniques, and awareness of the impact of anxiety on treatment outcomes. Following this, data analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing a range of descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Chi-square test. Results Significant knowledge disparities were observed. While 78.3% of specialists assessed patient stress, only 75% of general dentists did, with no statistical difference (p=0.386). Both groups recognized the impact of gender dynamics and environmental factors on stress, but these findings lacked significant differences (p=0.314, p=0.40, p=0.86). However, specialists showed significantly more awareness of the link between stress and periodontal disease (p=0.043), genetics’ role in stress (p=0.008), and the implications of epigenetics for stress and oral health (p=0.000). Conclusion This study highlights a noticeable knowledge gap between general dentists and specialists in assessing patient stress during dental procedures. While both groups share similar views on gender dynamics and environmental factors, significant differences exist in their awareness of connections between stress, periodontal disease, genetics, and epigenetics. Targeted educational efforts are necessary to bridge this knowledge gap, improve patient care, and advance dental medicine. |
Original Research Cannabis use on gingival bleeding and caries experience among students Chisini, Luiz Alexandre Salvi, Luana Carla Mello, André Luiz Rodrigues Santos, Laylla Galdino dos Noronha, Luiza Gioda Oliveira, Kaila Andressa Dos Santos Dalmaso, João Luiz Costa, Francine Dos Santos Demarco, Flávio Fernando Abstract in English: Aim The present study aimed to investigate if cannabis use can be associated with gingival bleeding and caries experience among Brazilian students. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 2016 with first-semester university students in Pelotas. Data was collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Self-reported gingival bleeding and caries experienced were collected. Cannabis use was assessed using a modified version of the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). We define cannabis users as individuals who report using cannabis at least once a month. A Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 2,058 (64.5% of eligible students) students were assessed. The prevalence of caries experience was 68.2% and gingival bleeding was 50.8%. The prevalence of cannabis use was 11.7%. After controlling (sex, skin color, age, family income, depressive symptoms, oral health self-perception tobacco use), individuals who use cannabis present a prevalence of gingival bleeding 2.51 (CI95%[1.42–4;53]) higher than individuals who did not use cannabis. The association was maintained even when the individuals who used tobacco were excluded from the sample (PR=2.24, CI95%[1.16 – 4.31]). Cannabis use did not show an association with the experience of dental caries in both crude (PR 0.91 CI95%[0.82 – 1.01]) and adjusted models (PR 0.93 CI 95%[0.83 – 1.05]). Conclusion Cannabis use was associated with the presence of gingival bleeding among the students of a public university in the south of Brazil. However, the experience of dental caries did not present an association with cannabis use. |
Original Research Risk factors for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in menopausal women Serafim, Jocarla Campos Pitol, Gustavo Azevedo Coser, Ester Victorino Albergaria, Ben-Hur Kano, Stefania Carvalho Velloso, Tânia Regina Grão Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to identify risk factors for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) by carrying out clinical and radiographic evaluations of patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis using bisphosphonates (BFs). Methods After approval by the CCS/UFES Ethics Committee (registration number 2,738,749), consultations were undertaken, and data were collected from medical records in cooperation with sectors from UFES and the University hospital. A total of 50 patients, 29 with osteoporosis and 21 with osteopenia were selected. Patients underwent a clinical and a panoramic dental x-ray examination to assess risk factors associated with oral health and dental interventions. Results All patients had at least one local risk factor, the most frequent being tooth extraction (100%) and periodontal disease (50%) which, if associated with the use of BFs, could lead to MRONJ. Among the systemic risk factors, the most common were diabetes and corticosteroid therapy. The most used BF was alendronate, administered orally. Conclusion The dental surgeon should evaluate all patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis using BFs to determine whether there are other risks. Whether there may be other potential risks, acknowledging upon key risks factors surrounding MRONJ are critical for early diagnosis and successful dental treatment. |
Original Research Exclusive breastfeeding and its association with pre- and postnatal factors: a cohort prospective study Melo, Letícia Santos Alves de Silva, Lorena Fonseca Silva, Silvio Rocha Corrêa da Rosell, Fernanda Lopez Valsecki Júnior, Aylton Zuanon, Angela Cristina Cilense Tagliaferro, Elaine Pereira da Silva Abstract in English: Aim This cohort study aimed to investigate the exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) prevalence and its association with maternal EBF intention and other variables. Method Pregnant women (n=653) in the third trimester of pregnancy filled out a questionnaire on EBF intention using the Infant Feeding Intentions scale and other variables. After delivery, mothers were contacted by phone at the first (T1; n=467), third (T3; n=333), and sixth (T6; n=217) month of the baby’s life or until breastfeeding was terminated, to collect data on breastfeeding, delivery, the newborn, oral habits, and family variables. The associations between independent variables and the outcomes (EBF prevalence at T1, T3, and T6) were analyzed by simple and multiple logistic regression models (α =0.05). Results EBF prevalence was 81.2% at T1, 64.0% at T3, and 35.9% at T6. Nott use baby bottle (OR=612.59; OR=139.08; OR=15.05) and no pacifier use (OR=2.94; OR=2.78; OR=2.93) were associated with the outcome at T1, T3, and T6, respectively. Other associated variables were strong EBF intention (OR=1.71) at T1; higher birth weight (OR=1.62), childcare support (OR=2.59), maternal age (OR=0.54), being married or having a partner (OR=1.82) at T3; and not returning to work (OR=2.39) at T6. Conclusion The EBF prevalence was high at the first month of the baby’s life and decreased over six months. The EBF intention affected EBF initiation. Variables related to the mother´s demographic characteristics, the baby´s birth weight, the childcare support or the baby bottle/pacifier use were associated with EBF. |
Original Research Bleaching efficacy, decomposition rate and pH of experimental bleaching gels incorporating bioactive materials Coelho, Camila Siqueira Silva Rigo, Izabele Gemeli Dascanio, Rafael Souza, Marina Trevelin Zanotto, Edgar Dutra Tabchoury, Cinthia Pereira Machado Cavalli, Vanessa Abstract in English: Aim To evaluate the bleaching efficacy, decomposition rate, and pH of experimental gels containing 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and different concentrations of 45S5-bioglass (BG) or Biosilicate® (BS). Methods Bovine enamel/dentin blocks (n=10) were allocated into the groups HP_BG or HP_BS (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt%) and HP (35% HP – positive control). The blocks were submitted to three sessions of 40 min and 7-day intervals. During the interval, the blocks were kept in artificial saliva at 37ºC. Color change (ΔE00) and whiteness index change (ΔWID) were determined after staining with black tea (T1) and 24 h after the 3rd bleaching session (T2). HP decomposition rate (%) and pH were evaluated for 40 min. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey analyzed ΔE00 and ΔWID data, while the Kruskal-Wallis test determined the decomposition rate and pH of the gels. Results There were no differences in ΔE00 and ΔWID among the experimental bleaching gels containing BG or BS and 35% HP (p > 0.05), but BG and BS gels displayed lower HP concentration than 35% HP, regardless of the bioactive material concentration (p < 0.05). The experimental BG and BS gels exhibited alkaline pH (ranging from 9.28 to 9.82), which was higher than that of 35% HP (p < 0.05). But regardless of the gel, all kept the pH values stable for 40 min. Conclusion The experimental gels containing BG and BS did not hamper the 35% HP bleaching efficacy. Moreover, BG or BS gels decreased the hydrogen peroxide concentration and exhibited alkaline pH values. |
Original Research Antibacterial effect and smear layer removal ability of herbal intra-canal irrigants in primary teeth: an ex-vivo study Allam, Gehan G Badran, Amira Mansour, Reem Hady, Soha El Elghazawy, Reham Abstract in English: Natural irrigants, specifically when used with children are important as they have fewer adverse effects. Objectives To evaluate the antibacterial effect and smear layer removal ability of sage versus turmeric irrigants. Methods 60 roots of primary teeth were inoculated with E. faecalis and randomly allocated to the following subgroups (12 roots each): Subgroup (I): 0.2% sage solution, Subgroup (II): 12.5% turmeric solution, Subgroup (III): 2% chlorhexidine solution, Subgroup (IV): contaminated only, Subgroup (V): negative controls. Microbiological culturing was performed. Assessment of the smear layer removal ability, 40 roots (10 roots in each group) were randomly divided; Subgroup 1: 0.2% Sage solution. Subgroup 2: 12.5% turmeric solution. Subgroup 3: 2% chlorohexidine. Subgroup 4: saline. The evaluation of smear layer removal was performed by SEM. Results Chlorohexidine showed the highest percentage reduction in bacterial count followed by turmeric, then the sage group. A comparison of the smear layer removal, scores showed significant differences in the middle section of the different groups, with the turmeric group having a significantly higher median score than the sage group. Conclusion chlorohexidine showed the highest antibacterial properties and smear layer removal ability followed by turmeric then sage. |
Original Research Self-perceived oral health and happiness - a cross-sectional study in a cohort of university students Cademartori, Mariana Gonzalez Karam, Sarah Arangurem Chisini, Luiz Alexandre Collares, Kauê Farias Azevedo, Marina Sousa Demarco, Flávio Fernando Correa, Marcos Britto Abstract in English: In recent years, studies investigating psychological states such as happiness in individuals’ health have increased. Aim This study investigated a possible association between self-perceived oral health and happiness in university students. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed in a cohort of university students who entered in the 2016 academic year at the Federal University of Pelotas, located in southern Brazil. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, including demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, psychosocial traits, and oral health-related questions. Happiness was measured through a question accompanied by the Faces Scale of Andrews and Whitey. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to assess the association between the exposure variables (oral health measures) and the outcome (happiness). Results The prevalence of happiness was 48.6%. A significant association between happiness and oral health, including satisfaction with dental appearance (PR 1.86; 95% CI 1.73-2.01), oral health-related to quality of life (PR 1.19; 95% CI 1.09-1.31), and halitosis (PR 1.10; 95% CI 1.01-1.20), was found. Conclusion Individuals who reported dissatisfaction with dental appearance, an impact on oral health-related to quality of life, and halitosis perceived themselves as unhappy. |
Original Research Evaluation of the physicochemical properties of intracanal medications used in traumatized teeth Macedo, Patrícia Almeida da Silva de Vieira, Walbert de Andrade Gabriel, Paulo Henrique Vasconcelos, Karla de Faria Haiter Neto, Francisco Cerqueira Neto, Ana Carolina Correia Laurindo de Gomes, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Frozoni, Marcos Roberto dos Santos de-Jesus-Soares, Adriana Abstract in English: Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the solubility, flow and radiopacity of Calen (SS White Artigos Dentários Ltd, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), Calen with zinc oxide (Calen/ZnO), calcium hydroxide + zinc oxide + 2% chlorhexidine (CH/ZnO/CHX), Calplus and Ultracal XS. Methods 28 bovine incisor specimens were standardized, instrumented and filled with pastes with the aid of a centrix syringe. To assess solubility, the root canals of acrylic teeth (N = 10) were filled with the previously mentioned pastes and scanned by using micro–computed tomography before (initial) and after 7 days of immersion in ultrapure water. The solubility of each specimen was the difference between the initial and final volume. Flow properties were analysed according to the ISO 6876/2012 standard. Radiopacity was radiographically analysed by using Image J software. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (alpha 5%). Results CH/ZnO/CHX and Calplus presented similar values regarding radiopacity. The group composed of Calen paste showed higher flow values. As for solubility, CH/ZnO/CHX showed lower volume loss, but there was no statistical difference compared to other medications. Conclusion The medication composed of calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide and 2% chlorhexidine is a suitable alternative for use in traumatized teeth. |
Original Research Association between sleep quality and polymorphisms of the genes COMT, HTR2A and FKBP5 in individuals with and without dentofacial deformity Flores, Elvira Katherine Barriga Fanderuff, Marina Santos, Katheleen Miranda dos Meger, Michelle Nascimento Costa, Delson João da Storrer, Carmen Lucia Mueler Scariot, Rafaela Abstract in English: Sleep is a fundamental biological function, and any disturbances can lead to alterations in an individual’s physical, occupational, cognitive, and social functioning. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the quality of sleep and its association with factors such as age, sex, facial profile, and genetic polymorphisms in individuals who underwent dental treatment. Methods The study comprised a total of 227 individuals. The “Sleep Assessment Questionnaire” was utilized to evaluate sleep quality. For the genetic assessment, oral mucosa cells were collected and markers from the COMT (rs174675, rs165656), HTR2A (rs4941573, rs6313), and FKBP5 (rs1360780, rs3800373) genes were selected for real-time PCR analysis. The data were subjected to statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. Results The results showed that women had a poorer perception of sleep quality (p<0.05). There was a significant association between sleep quality and facial profile (p<0.05). Individuals with facial profiles I and II had a poorer perception of sleep quality in general and in the domains of non-restorative sleep, sleep time disturbance, and restlessness. Individuals with facial profile II had a poorer perception of sleep apnea than those with profile III (p=0.034). There was a significant association between the COMT rs174675 polymorphism and restlessness (p=0.035). Conclusion The poorest perception of sleep quality was associated with women and individuals with facial profiles I and II. The poorest perception of restlessness was associated with COMT rs174675 polymorphism. |
Original Research Assessment the bioactivity of zinc oxid eugenol sealer after the addition of different concentrations of nano hydroxyapatite-tyrosine amino acid - an in vitro study Al-Shamaa, Rasha M. Al-Askary, Raghad A. Abstract in English: Aim Zinc oxide eugenol sealer has been used till now in endodontic obturation. However, despite many improvements in its formula, it still does not have, the essential root canal sealer’s properties which is the apatite forming ability. The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of the incorporation of nano Hydroxyapatite- tyrosine amino acid at different concentrations in the zinc oxide eugenol sealer formula in terms of bioactivity analysis. Methods The nano hydroxy apatite-tyrosine amino acid was incorporated into the original zinc oxide eugenol (endosell) at different concentrations starting from (10 – 20)%. The chemical changes in zinc oxide eugenol before and after addition were characterized using FTIR and XRD. The setting time test was done according to ADA specification no. 57. The bioactivity analysis for the zinc oxide eugenol before and after the addition was evaluated according to ISO/FDIS 23317:2007(E) by using 28 days of storage in phosphate buffer saline, and then the hydroxyapatite precipitation and Ca/P ratio was evaluated using FESEM/EDX. Results The FTIR and XRD confirmed the setting reaction occurrence among the (original ZOE, nHAP, and Tyr). The XRD and FESEM/EDX analyses confirmed the HAP precipitation on the ZOE sample surfaces after the addition of (nHAP-Tyr a.a) and this precipitation was increased with increased concentrations of additions. Conclusion Incorporated (20) % of equal amounts of “nHA-Tyr a.a” can convert the ZOE to bioactive sealer as confirmed by XRD and FESEM/EDX. However, other characteristic analyses like Nuclear magnetic resonance, atomic force microscopy, and in vivo animal study were needed to further confirm the results. |
Original Research Impact of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans on epithelial repair: in vitro study in wound model Mendes, Bianca Carvalho Stolf, Camila Schmidt Paz, Hélvis Enri de Sousa Arroteia, Letícia Sandoli Ramos, Lucas de Paula Santamaria, Mauro Pedrine Ruiz, Karina Gonzales Silvério Monteiro, Mabelle de Freitas Casarin, Renato Corrêa Viana Abstract in English: Normal wound healing occurs in four overlapping stages - hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. In the oral cavity, these processes occur in an infectious environment. Among the pathogens found in the oral community, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) constitutes a well-recognized periodontal pathogen responsible for expressing several virulence factors, which activate a host response. Aim This study investigated whether Aa’s presence can interfere with oral keratinocyte tissue healing in an in vitro wound healing model. Methods Two groups were defined: Group KO (n=5) and Group KO+Aa (n=5). The Aa (JP2 strains) were cultivated in anaerobiosis, and the total protein extract was obtained. The keratinocytes were cultivated with the medium of standard culture until their confluence. After confluence, plates were allocated to each group. With the pipette’s tip, a “scratch” was made in the middle of each well of the plate, and the cells were cultured at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2. The cells received the stimulus according to groups, and, at times 0, 5, 10, 24, and 48 hours, the wound areas were visualized and standardly recorded using an inverted microscope. Results When analyzing the timeframe, differences in wound measurements indicate a faster closure in the control group compared to the KO+Aa group, although not statistically significant. However, upon examining the wound closure measures, it was observed that the Aa protein extract significantly reduced wound closure at 10 and 48 hours (p<0.05), negatively impacting the keratinocyte’s behavior. Conclusion In summary, it was demonstrated that the pathogen Aa can interfere with the re-epithelization in vitro. |
Original Research Self-perceived oral health, toothbrushing frequency and quality of life of patients undergoing cancer treatment: a cross-sectional study Parreiras, Sheila Souza Barbosa, Mariane Carolina Faria Machado, Bárbara Maria de Souza Moreira Fernandes, Leandro Araújo Oliveira, Eduardo José Pereira Lima, Daniela Coêlho de Abstract in English: Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of both exposures self-perceived oral health and daily brushing frequency and the outcome quality of life of cancer patients. Methods This is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, carried out with 399 cancer patients treated by an institution in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Tooth brushing frequency and self-perceived oral health were obtained through interviews and quality of life through the EORTC QLQ-C30 instrument. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive and bivariate analyses followed by the use of multiple linear generalized models. Results Most participants reported self-perception of good oral health (89.2%), being that 55.6% brush their teeth three or more times daily. Better quality of life was observed in the social capacity and diarrhea subscales, whereas worse quality of life was recorded in the insomnia and emotional capacity subscales. Self-perceived poor oral health was associated with worse quality of life scores in two symptoms [fatigue (p = 0.007) and pain (p = 0.024)] and the following subscales: functional capacity (p = 0.006), emotional capacity (p = 0.013), cognitive capacity (p = 0.008), and social capacity (p = 0.022), independently of socioeconomic and health conditions. Tooth brushing frequency was not associated with any subscale. Conclusion Self-perception of poor oral health was associated with a worse quality of life, however, the frequency of toothbrushing did not affect the quality of life of cancer patients. |
Original Research Absence of inhibitory effects of two new glucanases on streptococcus mutans growth Xavier-Queiroz, Mateus Hamann, Pedro Ricardo Vieira Åmdal, Heidi Aarø Polikarpov, Igor Petersen, Fernanda Cristina Ricomini-Filho, Antônio Pedro Abstract in English: Glucanohydrolases have shown promise in degrading exopolysaccharides in cariogenic biofilms, making them a potential strategy for biofilm control without disrupting the oral microbiota. However, their direct antimicrobial effects remain unclear. Aim To determine the antimicrobial activity on S. mutans of two newly discovered glucanases characterized by our group, PmGH87 (mutanase) from Prevotella melaninogenica and CoGH66 (dextranase) from Capnocytophaga ochracea, using a commercial dextranase from Penicillum sp. as a control. Methods Their effects on growth were assessed using a luciferase reporter system coupled with the promoter of the ldh gene in Streptococcus mutans. Results Quantification of optical density and luminescence over a 10-hour growth period revealed that the commercial dextranase exhibited inhibitory effects on S. mutans growth. However, these effects were neutralized by heat treatment, suggesting the presence of a heat-sensitive contaminant or an additional antimicrobial property associated with the commercial dextranase from Penicillum sp. On the other hand, the purified mutanase and dextranase enzymes had no inhibitory effect on S. mutans growth. Conclusion In conclusion, the absence of inhibitory effects on S. mutans growth by the newly discovered enzymes emphasizes their potential for biofilm control while preserving the delicate balance of the oral microbiota and preventing the emergence of resistance. |
Original Research Effects of precuring heating modalities on the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index of orthodontic adhesive Al-Qassar, Sarmad Sobhi Salih Ahmed, Mahmood Kh Alsaleem, Niam Riyadh Abstract in English: Aim This study aimed to investigate precuring adhesive and bracket heating\cooling protocol on shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI). Methods 70 newly extracted lower premolars categorized randomly into 7 groups (n = 10 (ten teeth each)) according to adhesive and/or brackets temperatures. Pre-curing, the 3M Transbond PlusTM XT adhesive temperature was adjusted to 5, 22, 40, 70°C, while the brackets were stored at 5, 55°C before bonding. Also, adhesive and brackets were heated by tooth dryer before curing representing the seventh group. The samples were stored in deionized water for 24h at 37°C in dark incubator before debonding by universal testing machine. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post Hoc Tukey statistical tests were performed for SBS analysis, while Kruskal Wallis test analyzed ARI data (α=0.05). Results Significant differences were found among the groups regarding SBS and ARI where p = 0.00, 0.024 respectively. SBS significantly increased when the adhesive temperature modified to 5°C and 70°C and brackets temperature adjusted to 5°C and 55°C. Also, heating the adhesive and brackets by tooth dryer generated peak SBS. While, heating the adhesive to 40°C declined SBS significantly. Conclusions Lowering the temperature of the adhesive and/or brackets to 5°C and elevation their temperature above 55°C pre-curing has favorable effects on SBS. Storing the adhesive at 40°C before bonding showed reductions in SBS. Also, heating both the adhesive and brackets pre-curing formed all-out SBS with reduced ARI. |
Critical Review The importance of cyclooxigenase in dentistry: a narrative review Barrera, Sara Delgadillo Cepeda, Lilia Jadith Bernal Parra, Jaime Eduardo Castellanos Abstract in English: Aim Cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX) catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and thromboxanes during pain and inflammation conditions. These enzymes have also been linked to several other conditions and diseases, and hence, in dentistry, it is crucial to identify the processes that increase the levels of these mediators. This paper aims to describe the significance of COX in dental practice through a narrative review. Methods Articles relating to COX upregulation published in English and Spanish over the last 51 years in databases such as EBSCO, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, and Web of Science; were analyzed. Results A total of 115 articles demonstrating the relationship between COX upregulation and multiple conditions and diseases of importance in prosthodontics, periodontics, oral pathology, orthodontics, and endodontics were included. Conclusions COX upregulation is related to inflammatory and malignant diseases in oral tissues, such as periodontitis, pulpitis, and oral cancer, nevertheless, its expression is advantageous in other fields of study such as orthodontics. Additionally, is well documented that dental materials provoke an undesired increase in COX expression, which could be a significant factor that directly affects pulpal health. |
Critical Review A bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most-cited articles concerning the use of propolis in dentistry Tavares, Johnny Alexandre Oliveira Rocha, Aurélio de Oliveira Anjos, Lucas Menezes dos Cardoso, Mariane Silva, Francilene Amaral da Abstract in English: Aim The objective of this bibliometric analysis was to identify and analyze the key characteristics of the 100 most-cited articles related to the use of propolis in dentistry. Methods The search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection, and two independent reviewers selected the articles, excluding meeting articles. The number of citations for each article was compared across the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The extracted data included the number and density of citations, year of publication, journal and impact factor, study design and theme, country and continent, institution, keywords, and authors. VOSviewer software was employed to generate collaborative network maps. Spearman correlation and Poisson regression analyses were performed on the data. Results The number of citations ranged from 26 to 247, with a citation density varying between 1.08 and 20.00. Articles were published between 1991 and 2021, with laboratory studies (70%) and antimicrobial activity (39%) being the most prevalent study design and theme, respectively. The most discussed dental specialty was microbiology (49%). Rosalen PL (27%) emerged as the author with the highest number of articles, and the University of Campinas (Brazil) was the most prolific institution. Poisson regression indicated a declining trend in citations over the years, though literature reviews exhibited higher citation performance. Brazil contributed the highest percentage of articles (41%). Conclusion In conclusion, the 100 most-cited articles predominantly comprised laboratory studies investigating the antimicrobial activity of propolis, primarily originating from Brazil, with notable emphasis on the University of Campinas. |
Critical Review Orna face analysis: development of a clinical tool for facial aesthetic evaluation Lopes, Amanda Germani, Marcelo Granjeiro, José Mauro Abstract in English: Aim Facial aesthetics is a dynamic field requiring precise professional assessment, considering beauty concepts, variability in cultural and ethnic facial features, and patient perception. This study aimed to develop the Orna Face Analysis (OFA), an integrated tool for detailed facial evaluation to improve the planning of aesthetic treatments. Methods The OFA integrates multiple analysis methods, considering key aspects such as youthfulness, average appearance, symmetry, and dimorphic features to create a comprehensive evaluation protocol based on a critical review of the scientific literature searched through PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases without language or time restrictions. Results The OFA was designed as an electronic form that can generate a printed file, allowing for a deep understanding of patients’ faces by highlighting these essential aspects. This approach enables detailed and personalized diagnostics essential for effectively planning facial aesthetic treatments and meeting patient expectations. The OFA emerges as a complementary and integrative tool in facial aesthetics, promoting a personalized and evidence-based approach to facial harmonization. After constructing the OFA prototype in electronic and printed formats, the tool was tested in a clinical setting (TRL 6 – technology readiness level) to assess its objectivity, clarity, coherence, precision, and usability. TRL 6 indicates that the system has been demonstrated in a relevant environment but requires further testing for full validation. Conclusion A preliminary evaluation by a facial harmonization specialist confirmed that the OFA enables the creation of highly personalized treatment plans, accurately reflecting a range of aesthetic outcomes. Further validation will solidify its applicability across diverse patient populations and settings. |