CLINICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL, AND SEMINAL ALTERATIONS AND PARASITEMIA OF MALE GOATS EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>

Santana, Luís Fernando; Gaspar, Roberta Cordeiro; Rossi, Gabriel Augusto Marques; Nascentes, Gabriel Antônio Nogueira; Rodrigues, Eliana Aparecida; Oliveira, Gilson Pereira de; Costa, Alvimar José da

doi:10.1590/1089-6891v16i326476

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MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA • Ciênc. anim. bras. 16 (3) • Jul-Sep 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1089-6891v16i326476 copy

CLINICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL, AND SEMINAL ALTERATIONS AND PARASITEMIA OF MALE GOATS EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH Toxoplasma gondii

ALTERAÇÕES CLÍNICAS, HEMATOLÓGICAS, SEMINAIS E PARASITEMIA DE CAPRINOS MACHOS EXPERIMENTALMENTE INFECTADOS COM Toxoplasma gondii

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract:

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease that affects reproductive performance in small ruminants. Although the Toxoplasma gondii life cycle is well understood since 1960s, several aspects related to its infection remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the effects of T. gondiiexperimental infection, and the influence on clinical, hematological, parasitemia and seminal parameters in male goats. Nine animals were selected and distributed in three groups: GI (n=3) – control group (placebo) orally inoculated with saline solution; GII (n=3) – subcutaneously inoculated with 1 x 106 tachyzoites of T. gondii; and GIII (n=3) – orally inoculated with 2 x 10⁵ oocysts of T. gondii. After that, clinical exams, serological tests, hemograms, parasitemia determination and semen evaluation were performed. Reciprocal serological titers had highest values of 4096 in both groups of goats infected with T. gondii,confirming the experimental infections. However, we could not observe clinical changes (except for mild hyperthermia on the 5^th DAI in one of the animals - GIII) or in hematimetric parameters. Although there were some statistically significant changes (P <0.05) on the percentages of pathology and sperm concentrations in some of the dates between the infected and control animals, these changes were not associated with toxoplasmic infection. Infection was associated with animal handling methods and environmental factors.

Keywords
experimental infection; IFI; reproductive diseases; small ruminant; toxoplasmosis

Days after infectiou (DAI)	Reciprocal titeis
	Inoculated with 1 x 10⁶ tachyzoites (GII)			Inoculated with 2 x 10⁵ oocysts (GIII)
	D	E	F	G	H	I
11	256	-	1024	-	-	256
14	4096	1024	256	-	256	256
21	4096	4096	4096	-	4096	4096
28	4096	4096	4096	2048	4096	4096
35	1024	4096	1024	4096	1024	1024
42	1024	4096	1024	2048	1024	1024
49	1024	2048	1024	2048	1024	1024
56	1024	2048	1024	1024	1024	1024
63	1024	2048	1024	1024	1024	1024
70	1024	2048	1024	1024	1024	1024

Days after Infection (DAI)	Spermatic concentration (sperm/ mL) per group			Value-p² 2 The p-value refers to the result of the ANOVA test for independent samples. Days when the ANOVA test showed a significant result (p <0.05) are marked in bold, different letters indicate significant differences between groups observed after Bonferroni's test for multiple comparisons.
Days after Infection (DAI)	Inoculated with saline solution (GI - Control)	Inoculated with 1 x 10^d tachyzoites (GII)	Inoculated with 2 x 10⁵ oocysts (GIII)
Day -2	30,7 ± 12,5	57,3 ± 16,2	40,0 ± 4,5	0,088
Day 3	36,3 ± 4,2	50,0 ± 14,5	39,7 ± 5,7	0,251
Day 5	37,0 ± 14,2	49,7 ± 4,6	32,3 ± 9,6	0,181
Day 7	31,3 ± 9,3 b	50,7 ± 5,5 a	44,7 ± 3,8 ab	0,029
Day 11	31,3 ± 4,5	50,3 ± 15,7	50,7 ± 2,5	0,077
Day 14	44,7 ± 13,7	56,3 ± 11,5	43,0 ± 9,8	0,380
Day 21	40,3 ±10,1	53,3 ± 12,2	38,7 ± 11,7	0,297
Day 28	35,0 ± 13,7	47,7 ± 13,0	42,0 ± 10,5	0,503
Day 35	39,3 ± 11,0	47,3 ± 9,2	42,3 ± 9,5	0,(532
Day 42	32,0 ± 12,0	53,0 ± 14,7	42,7 ± 4,7	0,155
Day 49	37,7 ± 0,6 b	51,3 ± 4,0 a	40,0 ± 2,6 b	0,002
Day 56	29.3 ± 11,5 b	53,0 ± 8,5 a	30,7 ± 8,1 b	0,039
Day 63	36,0 ± 19,2	47,7 ± 10,4	40,0 ± 1,7	0,550
Day 70	28,3 ± 3,1 b	46,7 ± 5,9 a	41,3 ± 5,7 a	0,011

Days after Infection (DAI)	Spermatic pathologies (%) per group			Value-p² 2 The p-value refers to the result of the Kruskal-Wallis test for independent samples.Days when the Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant result (p <0,05) are maked in bold,different letters indicate significant differences between groups observed after Dunn's test for multiple comparisons.
Days after Infection (DAI)	Inoculated with saline solutino (GI -Control)	Inoculated with 1 x 10⁶ tachyzoites (GE)	Inoculated with 2 x 10⁵ oocysts (GIH)
Day -2	1,3 ± 0,6	4,7 ± 1,2	5,3 ± 1,5	0,054
Day 3	1,0 ± 0,0	2,0 ± 1,0	1,0 ± 1,0	0,294
Day 5	4,7 ±1,2	4,3 ± 0,6	2,7 ± 1,2	0,136
Day 7	3,0 ± 1,0	6,0 ± 1,0	3,3 ± 0,6	0,057
Day 11	3,7 ± 0,6	2,0 ± 1,0	2,0 ± 1,0	0,104
Day 14	1,7 ± 0,6	1,3 ± 1,5	1,7 ± 0,6	0,860
Day 21	2,0 ± 0,0 ab	1,3 ± 0,6 b	3,7 ± 0,6 a	0,032
Day 28	1,3 ± 0,6 b	2,0 ± 1,0 ab	4,7 ± 1,2 a	0,048
Day 35	5,7 ± 3,8	4,3 ± 3,2	6,3 ± 2.1	0,553
Day 42	2,0 ± 1,0	3,3 ± 0,6	5,0 ± 1,7	0,088
Day 49	3,3 ± 0,6	4,0 ± 1,0	4,0 ± 2,0	0,717
Day 56	0,3 ± 0,6 b	2,0 ± 1,0 ab	5,3 ± 1,5 a	0,031
Day 63	1,7 ± 0,6	2,0 ± 1,7	4,3 ± 0,6	0,100
Day 70	4,3 ± 1,5	4,7 ± 1,2	5,3 ± 2,1	0,741

Universidade Federal de Goiás Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus II, Caixa Postal 131, CEP: 74001-970, Tel.: (55 62) 3521-1568, Fax: (55 62) 3521-1566 - Goiânia - GO - Brazil
E-mail: revistacab@gmail.com

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[1] Autor para correspondência - gabrielrossiveterinario@hotmail.com