Open-access Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) after non-embolic ischemic stroke during a 12-month follow-up in Brazil

COMPROMETIMENTO COGNITIVO VASCULAR (CCV) APÓS ACIDENTE VASCULAR ISQUÊMICO NÃO EMBÓLICO, EM SEGUIMENTO DE 12 MESES NO BRASIL

ABSTRACT

VCI represents a spectrum of cognitive impairments associated with stroke, vascular brain injury, or subclinical disease ranging from the least to most severe manifestations. Few studies are available on the prevalence of post-stroke VCI and none have been conducted in Brazil.

Objective:  To determine the prevalence rates of VCI and associated risk factors in a sample of ischemic stroke patients.

Methods:  We evaluated 172 patients with ischemic stroke for cognitive impairment one year after ictus.

Results:  Patients comprised 81 women (47.1%) and had a mean age of 67.77 (7.86) years, schooling of 3.52 (2.99) years, and MMSE score of 24.94 (3.59) points. After cognitive evaluation, 4.6% were diagnosed as CIND (cognitive impairment no dementia) and 12.2% had a diagnosis of dementia (probable vascular dementia in 20 patients and one subject with cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease).

Conclusion:  The prevalence of dementia was lower than previous reports but our sample had a lower age than others, while a 12 month-period of follow-up prevented interference from associated neurodegenerative disorders.

Key words: vascular cognitive impairment; cognitive impairment no dementia; vascular dementia; post-stroke dementia; post-stroke cognitive impairment

RESUMO

CCV representa um espectro de comprometimento cognitivo associado ao AVC, lesão cerebral vascular ou doença subclínica que vai desde as manifestações menos graves às mais graves. Há poucos estudos sobre a prevalência de CCV pós AVC e nenhum no Brasil.

Objetivo:  Determinar a prevalência de VCI em uma amostra de pacientes com AVC isquêmico e fatores de risco associados.

Métodos:  Foram avaliados 172 pacientes com AVC isquêmico após um ano do ictus, em relação ao comprometimento cognitivo.

Resultados:  Os pacientes foram compostos por 81 mulheres (47,1%) e tinham idade média de 67,77 (7,86) anos, a escolaridade de 3,52 (2,99) anos, a pontuação do MEEM de 24,94 (3,59) pontos. Após a avaliação cognitiva, 4,6% foram diagnosticados como CCSD (comprometimento cognitivo sem demência) e 12,2% tiveram diagnóstico de demência (demência vascular provável em 20 pacientes e um com doença cerebrovascular e doença de Alzheimer).

Conclusão:  A prevalência de demência na nossa população está entre as mais baixas, porém, nossos pacientes são mais jovens e foram acompanhados por um período de 12 meses, o que evita a contaminação por doenças neurodegenerativas associadas.

Palavras-chave: comprometimento cognitivo vascular; comprometimento cognitivo sem demência; demência vascular; demência pós AVC; comprometimento pós AVC

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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    Jul-Sep 2012

History

  • Received
    20 Feb 2012
  • Accepted
    20 May 2012
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