Profile of older adults caring for other older adults in contexts of high social vulnerability

Santos-Orlandi, Ariene Angelini dos; Brito, Tábatta Renata Pereira de; Ottaviani, Ana Carolina; Rossetti, Estefani Serafim; Zazzetta, Marisa Silvana; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost

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RESEARCH • Esc. Anna Nery 21 (1) • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1414-8145.20170013 copy

Profile of older adults caring for other older adults in contexts of high social vulnerability^a a Article derived from research entitled "Frailty and cognition: a study of older adult caregivers in the context of high social vulnerability", performed in the Graduate Nursing Program of the Federal University of São Carlos as part of the requirements of the National Postdoctoral Program (PNPD), 2016, with a scholarship from the CAPES - Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To characterize older adult caregivers who care for other older adults in the context of high social vulnerability.

Methods:

Descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted with 40 older adult caregivers using: Mini Mental State Examination, Katz Index, Lawton's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale and the Frailty phenotype proposed by Fried. The previously scheduled interviews were conducted in the home of the caregiver. For the data analysis, the statistical software Stata 11.0 was used, descriptively.

Results:

There was a predominance of females, age range 60-69 years, married, with primary education, who were retired. They had no health insurance. Most were pre-frail, hypertensive and independent in both instrumental activities and basic activities of daily living. They showed no evidence of depressive symptoms or cognitive impairments.

Conclusion:

To know the profile of the older adult caregiver is essential to support health services in planning quality care.

Keywords:
Caregivers; Geriatric Nursing; Older Adult; Social Vulnerability

Variables	Categories	n	(%^* * The sum of the percentage frequencies that did not reach 100.0% are due to the fact that some variables in the study protocol were not answered by all the older adults. SD = standard deviation; )	Mean (SD)	[Min-Max]	Median
Gender	Female	13	32.5
Gender	Male	27	67.5
Age				70.1 (8.2)	[60-98]	68.5
Age group	60-69	22	55.0
	70-79	14	35.0
	80 and more	4	10.0
Marital status	Married	35	87.5
	Single	1	2.5
	Divorced	1	2.5
	Widowed	3	7.5
Family structure^ The sum of the percentage frequency of the family structure variable is greater than 100.0%, because the older adults could live with spouses, children and grandchildren simultaneously;	Lives alone	0	0.0
	Lives with spouse	37	92.5
	Lives with children	20	50.0
	Lives with grandchildren	10	25.0
Years of study				1.8 (2.3)	[0-12]	1.0
Education	Never attended school	14	35.0
	Func. illit.^* ***** Func. Illit.: Functional Illiterate;	3	7.5
	Literate	2	5.0
	Elementary	16	40.0
	Prep. high school^** ****** Prep. High school: Preparatory high school.	1	2.5
	High school	1	2.5
	Higher	3	7.5
Currently working	Yes	7	17.5
Currently working	No	33	82.5
Retired	Yes	29	72.5
Retired	No	11	27.5
Income				781.2 (382.0)	[0-2000]	780.0

Variables	n	(%)	Mean (SD)	[Min-Max]	Median
GDS score			4.5 (2.8)	[0-9]	4.0
GDS results
Without depressive signs	23	57.5
With depressive signs	17	42.5
MMSE score			21.5 (4.7)	[9-29]	22.0
MMSE result
With indications of impairment	3	7.5
Without indications of impairment	37	92.5

Variables	Categories	n	(%^* * The sum of the percentage frequencies that did not reach 100.0% are due to the fact that some variables in the study protocol were not answered by all the older adults. )
Weight loss	Not frail	16	40.0
Weight loss	Frail	21	52.5
Physical activity	Not frail	14	35.0
Physical activity	Frail	25	62.5
Fatigue	Not frail	26	65.0
Fatigue	Frail	14	35.0
Grip strength	Not frail	17	42.5
Grip strength	Frail	23	57.5
Gait speed	Not frail	17	42.5
Gait speed	Frail	23	57.5
Frailty level	Not frail	16	40.0
	Pre-frail	20	50.0
	Frail	4	10.0

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[1] Corresponding author: Ariene Angelini dos Santos-Orlandi. E-mail: arieneangelini@yahoo.com.br